CN114018170A - Prefabricated box girder monitoring method based on BIM - Google Patents
Prefabricated box girder monitoring method based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a first space coordinate model before the prefabricated box girder is loaded; establishing a second space coordinate model after the precast box girder is loaded; comparing the first space coordinate model with the second space coordinate model to obtain first deformation data of the precast box girder; calculating second deformation data under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model; and verifying whether the first deformation data conforms to the theoretical expected deformation or not according to the second deformation data. The method can monitor the deformation conditions of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading in the prefabrication site, and verify the accuracy of the monitored data by comparing the deformation conditions with theoretical deformation data obtained by modeling, so that the quality of the prefabricated box girder is evaluated according to the accurate deformation data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building monitoring, in particular to a prefabricated box girder monitoring method based on BIM.
Background
The prefabricated box girder assembly is that the upper part structure of the bridge is divided into a plurality of standard sections, after the matched prefabrication in a prefabricating site is finished, the upper part structure of the bridge is assembled on the lower part structure of the bridge by special assembling equipment such as a bridge erecting machine and the like in sequence one by one, and prestress is applied to the lower part structure of the bridge to form an integral structure, and the integral structure is pushed one by one and assembled one by one along a preset installation direction. Compared with the traditional vertical mold cast-in-place manufacturing process, the precast box girder stage assembling process has the remarkable advantages of less precast land, high control precision, small influence on traffic under a bridge and the like.
However, the splicing of the prefabricated box girders is a large building project, and when quality problems of the prefabricated box girders are found on a construction site or after the splicing is completed, great adverse effects are generated on the project progress and the quality problems of the bridge, and financial resources and physics are wasted.
Accordingly, there is a need to ameliorate one or more of the problems with the related art solutions described above.
It is noted that this section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a BIM (Building Information model) -based precast box girder monitoring method, and further, one or more problems caused by limitations and defects of the related art are overcome at least to a certain extent.
The invention firstly provides a BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a first space coordinate model before the prefabricated box girder is loaded;
establishing a second space coordinate model after the precast box girder is loaded;
comparing the first space coordinate model with the second space coordinate model to obtain first deformation data of the precast box girder;
calculating second deformation data under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
and verifying whether the first deformation data conforms to the theoretical expected deformation or not according to the second deformation data.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes:
acquiring strain data of the prestressed reinforcement before and after loading the precast box girder;
obtaining a first stress value which is applied to the prestressed reinforcement after the prefabricated box girder is loaded according to the strain data;
calculating a second stress value of the prestressed reinforcement under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
and verifying whether the first stress value accords with the theoretical expected stress or not according to the second stress value.
In one embodiment of the disclosure, a first space coordinate model before loading and a second space coordinate model after loading are established through a digital photogrammetric device and/or a three-dimensional laser scanning device.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the digital photogrammetric apparatus comprises a digital camera and a first data processing unit.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading by using a digital photogrammetric device includes:
acquiring image data information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the digital camera;
and processing the image data before and after loading through the first data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first processing unit processes the image data before and after loading to identify and position damage to the precast box girder before and after loading.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the focal length of the lens of the digital camera is 20mm to 80 mm.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the three-dimensional laser scanning apparatus includes a three-dimensional laser scanner and a second data processing unit.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading by using the three-dimensional laser scanning device includes:
acquiring three-dimensional coordinate information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the three-dimensional laser scanner;
and processing the three-dimensional coordinate information before and after loading through the second data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, strain data of the pre-loaded and post-loaded prestressed reinforcements of the precast box girder are collected by sensors disposed at one-half section and one-quarter section of the steel box girder.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
according to the BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method provided by the invention, deformation conditions of the precast box girder before and after loading can be monitored in a prefabrication site, and the quality of the precast box girder is evaluated by comparing with theoretical deformation data obtained by modeling, so that the waste of manpower and financial resources caused by finding problems after the precast box girder is installed is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of steps of a monitoring method for a prefabricated box girder based on BIM in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a monitoring method of a prefabricated box girder based on BIM (Building Information model). Referring to fig. 1, the monitoring method may include the steps of:
step S101: establishing a first space coordinate model before the prefabricated box girder is loaded;
step S102: establishing a second space coordinate model after the precast box girder is loaded;
step S103: comparing the first space coordinate model with the second space coordinate model to obtain first deformation data of the precast box girder;
step S104: calculating second deformation data under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
step S105: and verifying whether the first deformation data conforms to the theoretical expected deformation or not according to the second deformation data.
Specifically, the simulation model calculation process may be: according to the actual situation, a solid prefabricated box girder unit is adopted for modeling, after a solid model of a girder piece is built, finite element calculation is carried out, finite element analysis and calculation software can be Midas fea, prestress is firstly added, 1437 MPa pretension force is added at a prestress end, then boundary constraint is carried out, the state of contact between a girder bottom and a pedestal is simulated, and finally the analysis type is set to be an analysis result obtained by nonlinear analysis. Verifying the first deformation data according to the second deformation data, namely comparing the first deformation data with the second deformation data, wherein when the difference value between the first deformation data and the second deformation data is within a preset range, the first deformation data is qualified, the quality of the prefabricated box girder is qualified, and when the difference value between the first deformation data and the second deformation data exceeds the preset range, the first deformation data is unqualified, and the quality of the prefabricated box girder is poor.
According to the BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method, deformation conditions of the precast box girder before and after loading can be monitored in a prefabrication site, the quality of the precast box girder is evaluated by comparing with theoretical deformation data obtained by modeling, and waste of manpower and financial resources caused by finding problems after the precast box girder is installed is avoided.
Next, each part of the above-described BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method in the present exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 1.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method may further include:
acquiring strain data of the prestressed reinforcement before and after loading the precast box girder;
obtaining a first stress value which is applied to the prestressed reinforcement after the prefabricated box girder is loaded according to the strain data;
calculating a second stress value of the prestressed reinforcement under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
and verifying whether the first stress value accords with the theoretical expected stress or not according to the second stress value.
Specifically, when the precast box girder is monitored, besides monitoring deformation before and after loading, strain data of prestressed reinforcements before and after loading can be monitored, specifically, strain data before and after loading of the precast box girder can be collected through a sensor, and the strain data needs to be converted into a first stress value because the data measured by the sensor is a strain value, then a simulation model is adopted to calculate a second stress value of the prestressed reinforcements of the precast box girder under the same loading condition, and then the quality of the precast box girder is evaluated through comparison; illustratively, the simulation model may be a finite element model.
In one embodiment, a first space coordinate model before loading and a second space coordinate model after loading are established through a digital photogrammetric device and/or a three-dimensional laser scanning device. Specifically, the model can be established by a digital photogrammetric device, or by a three-dimensional laser scanning device; in the acquisition work of three-dimensional modeling data, the data volume of the digital close-range photogrammetry technology is small, the texture information of the surface of an object can be expressed really, the selection of characteristic points is relatively flexible, but the data acquisition efficiency is low, and the precision of an image model in a sparse area of a control point is poor; the three-dimensional laser image scanner quickly obtains accurate geometric information of the surface of an object in the form of spatial point cloud data, but the point cloud data acquired from the surface of a complex part of the object has more cavities (particularly on the surface of an ancient building), the data information acquired by the three-dimensional laser image scanner only inevitably exists in a dead angle part in engineering, and meanwhile, the laser point cloud data is lack of texture information conforming to the human visual habit; therefore, in the process of establishing the three-dimensional data acquisition model, the digital photogrammetry technology and the three-dimensional laser scanning imaging technology are combined together to accurately and quickly establish the model, specifically, a three-dimensional geometric model of the prefabricated box girder is established through the three-dimensional laser scanning device, and then the surface texture image acquired by the digital photogrammetry device is combined with the three-dimensional geometric model to obtain a relatively accurate three-dimensional model with the surface texture.
In one embodiment, the digital photogrammetric device comprises a digital camera and a first data processing unit. Specifically, the digital camera is only used for extracting image data information of the prefabricated box girder, the first data processing unit is used for processing the image data information, the first data processing unit can be PhotoScan software, and PhotoScan is software for automatically generating a high-quality three-dimensional model based on images.
In one embodiment, the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading by the digital photogrammetric device comprises the following steps:
acquiring image data information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the digital camera;
and processing the image data before and after loading through the first data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
Illustratively, the digital camera takes 2/3 the first photo from the left side of the shooting start point when acquiring the image information; from one direction of the prefabricated box girder to the left and right, the moving distance of the camera can be 34% of the first photo view, namely the overlapping rate of two adjacent photos is kept to be 66%; after the direction acquisition is finished, the digital camera is adjusted to start shooting from the next direction, the shooting mode is consistent with the shooting mode until the full-view shooting of the prefabricated box girder is finished, as many pictures as possible are acquired in the same direction to ensure complete coverage, and at least three frames of images covered by the whole main body in each direction need to be shot in the shooting process.
In an embodiment, the processing of the image data before and after loading by the first processing unit may further perform damage identification and damage positioning on the precast box girder before and after loading. Specifically, by processing the image data, for example, the image data can be compared with a common damage image of the prefabricated box girder stored in the database, so that the damage on the prefabricated box girder is identified, and the coordinate position of the damage can be positioned based on the first space coordinate model and the second space coordinate model, so that the damage can be conveniently searched and repaired by a constructor.
In one embodiment, the focal length of the digital camera lens is 20mm to 80 mm. Specifically, the digital camera should have a high resolution, for example, 5 ten thousand pixels or more, the distance from the digital camera to the prefabricated box girder to be photographed should be less than 100m, and the focal length of the lens of the digital camera may be 20mm to 80mm, specifically 50mm, because the lens with the focal length of 50mm has a degree of perspective equivalent to the human eye.
In one embodiment, the three-dimensional laser scanning apparatus may include a three-dimensional laser scanner and a second data processing unit. Specifically, the three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning the prefabricated box girder, the second data processing unit is used for processing the scanning data, and the second processing unit can comprise point cloud data splicing, point cloud denoising, point cloud algorithm processing and the like. And performing point cloud data splicing and rough denoising on the scanning data through point cloud data processing software SCENE, then exporting the point cloud data into a data format which can be processed by MATLAB, and then performing accurate denoising and linear extraction by using a preset algorithm.
In one embodiment, the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading by the three-dimensional laser scanning device may include:
acquiring three-dimensional coordinate information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the three-dimensional laser scanner;
and processing the three-dimensional coordinate information before and after loading through the second data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
Specifically, scanning control points, namely scanner position points, are arranged on the site, the stations are arranged in a rear intersection mode according to at least two known scanning control points on the site, a uniform measurement coordinate system is established, the method can select a better view field to arrange the stations according to the actual situation of a measured object on the site, and the interference of shelters is reduced.
In one embodiment, strain data of the pre-loaded and post-loaded prestressed reinforcement bars are acquired by sensors disposed at one-half section and one-quarter section of the steel box girder. Specifically, for example, each span of the bridge has four precast box girders, namely, two outer side span precast box girders and two inner side mid-span precast box girders, and the four precast box girders on the same span of the bridge are symmetrical, so that the stress is also symmetrical, and therefore, only half section and quarter section of one side span and one mid-span precast box girder are required to be provided with sensors for collecting strain data.
According to the BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method, deformation conditions of the precast box girder before and after loading can be monitored in a prefabrication site, the quality of the precast box girder is evaluated by comparing with theoretical deformation data obtained by modeling, and waste of manpower and financial resources caused by finding problems after the precast box girder is installed is avoided.
It is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like in the foregoing description are used for indicating or indicating the orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A prefabricated box girder monitoring method based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a first space coordinate model before the prefabricated box girder is loaded;
establishing a second space coordinate model after the precast box girder is loaded;
comparing the first space coordinate model with the second space coordinate model to obtain first deformation data of the precast box girder;
calculating second deformation data under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
and verifying whether the first deformation data conforms to the theoretical expected deformation or not according to the second deformation data.
2. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method according to claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring strain data of the prestressed reinforcement before and after loading the precast box girder;
obtaining a first stress value which is applied to the prestressed reinforcement after the prefabricated box girder is loaded according to the strain data;
calculating a second stress value of the prestressed reinforcement under the same loading condition by adopting a simulation model;
and verifying whether the first stress value accords with the theoretical expected stress or not according to the second stress value.
3. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading are established by a digital photogrammetric device and/or a three-dimensional laser scanning device.
4. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method of claim 3, wherein the digital photogrammetric device comprises a digital camera and a first data processing unit.
5. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before the loading and the second space coordinate model after the loading of the precast box girder by the digital photogrammetric device comprises:
acquiring image data information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the digital camera;
and processing the image data before and after loading through the first data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
6. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the pre-loaded and post-loaded image data are processed by the first processing unit to identify and locate damages to the pre-loaded and post-loaded precast box girders.
7. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method of claim 4, wherein the focal length of the lens of the digital camera is 20mm to 80 mm.
8. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method of claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional laser scanning device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and a second data processing unit.
9. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the step of establishing the first space coordinate model before loading and the second space coordinate model after loading of the precast box girder by the three-dimensional laser scanning device comprises:
acquiring three-dimensional coordinate information of the prefabricated box girder before and after loading through the three-dimensional laser scanner;
and processing the three-dimensional coordinate information before and after loading through the second data processing unit to establish a first space coordinate model and a second space coordinate model.
10. The BIM-based precast box girder monitoring method of claim 2, wherein strain data of the precast box girder pre-and post-load prestressed reinforcement is collected through sensors provided at a half section and a quarter section of the steel box girder.
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| CN115157437A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-11 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Standardization and datamation method for quality control of prefabricated box girder |
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