CN114018066B - Method for predicting flue gas temperature of titanium slag electric furnace - Google Patents
Method for predicting flue gas temperature of titanium slag electric furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114018066B CN114018066B CN202111313949.3A CN202111313949A CN114018066B CN 114018066 B CN114018066 B CN 114018066B CN 202111313949 A CN202111313949 A CN 202111313949A CN 114018066 B CN114018066 B CN 114018066B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0096—Arrangements of controlling devices involving simulation means, e.g. of the treating or charging step
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Abstract
A method for predicting the temperature of the flue gas of a titanium slag electric furnace comprises the following steps: and obtaining the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section according to the principle that the sum of the heat taken by the flue gas and the heat taken by the smoke dust of the flue of the selected section is the same as the heat exchange coefficient of the flue, and establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue according to the principle that the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section is the same as the flue heat exchange coefficient of the whole flue. The method for predicting the temperature of the flue gas of the titanium slag electric furnace can realize the prediction of the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the connecting flue of the electric furnace under different conditions, provide a basis for the control of charging and power transmission, and effectively reduce the occurrence probability of abnormal conditions of the electric furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium slag flue gas cooling and gas recovery, in particular to a method for predicting the temperature of titanium slag electric furnace flue gas.
Background
The titanium slag smelting essence is that titanium concentrate and reducing agent (coke or coal) are mixed and added into an electric furnace for reduction smelting. The reduction process generates a large amount of CO gas with a heat value of 1800-3000kcal/m 3 The recovered gas has higher economic value. Because the temperature of the flue gas generated by the electric furnace at the position where the flue gas enters the flue is higher (1200-1400 ℃), a temperature test point is not installed at the joint of the flue and the electric furnace, and the actual temperature test point is at a larger distance from the joint of the electric furnace and the flue, the gas temperature at the inlet of the flue cannot be fed back in time, so that the obtained flue gas temperature has certain hysteresis, the actual production operation is controlled only by experience, the stable production of the electric furnace is seriously affected, and the sudden abnormal situation of the electric furnace cannot be timely dealt with.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for predicting the temperature of the flue gas of the titanium slag electric furnace, so as to realize the prediction of the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the connecting flue of the electric furnace under different conditions, and provide basis for feeding and power transmission control.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for predicting the temperature of the flue gas of a titanium slag electric furnace comprises the following steps: and obtaining the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section according to the principle that the sum of the heat taken by the flue gas and the heat taken by the smoke dust of the flue of the selected section is the same as the heat exchange coefficient of the flue, and establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue according to the principle that the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section is the same as the flue heat exchange coefficient of the whole flue.
Further, the carbon monoxide content in the smoke components is 30-80%, the carbon dioxide content is 1.5-10%, the nitrogen content is 15-50%, the hydrogen content is 2% -5%, and the smoke flow is 2000-6000NM 3 /h。
Further, the method includes establishing a relationship between the heat carried away by the flue gas of the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue.
Further, the relationship between the heat taken away by the flue gas of the flue in the selected section and the specific heat of the flue gas, the generation amount of the flue gas and the temperature difference between the gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section is as follows:
Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 △T 1 ；
wherein DeltaT 1 ＝T Feeding in -T Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section are respectively expressed as DEG C;
Q 1 the heat taken away by the flue gas of the flue in the selected section is shown as kJ/h;
c 1 specific heat of flue gas, kcal/(kg·deg.C);
m 1 the amount of smoke generated in the flue of the selected section is kg/h.
Further, the method includes establishing a relationship between the heat carried away by the smoke of the selected section of flue and the temperature of the smoke of the selected section of flue.
Further, the relation between the heat taken away by the smoke dust of the flue in the selected section and the temperature difference between the gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section is as follows:
Q 2 ＝m 2 c 2 △T 2 ，
wherein DeltaT 2 ＝△T 1 ＝T Feeding in -T Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section are respectively expressed as DEG C;
Q 2 the smoke dust of the flue in the selected section takes away heat, kJ/h;
c 2 specific heat of smoke and dust, kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m 2 the smoke generation amount of the flue in the selected section is kg/h.
Further, the smoke generation amount is 200-1200kg/h.
Further, the method includes establishing a relationship between flue heat exchange heat of the selected section flue and flue gas temperature of the selected section flue.
Further, the relation between the flue heat exchange heat of the flue in the selected section and the flue heat exchange coefficient, the water-cooling flue heat transfer area and the average temperature difference of the flue logarithm is as follows:
Q 3 ＝KF(△t)L m ，
wherein, (DELTAt) L m ＝(△t 1 -△t 2 )/ln(△t 1 /△t 2 )，△t 1 ＝T Feeding in -t Feeding in ，△t 2 ＝T Out of -t Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section are respectively expressed as DEG C;
t feeding in 、t Out of The water temperature at the flue inlet and the water temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section are respectively;
Q 3 the flue heat exchange heat of the flue in the selected section is represented, and kJ/h;
k is the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue in the selected section, W/(m) 2 ·℃)；
F＝4.93DL；
Water-cooled flue gas duct with F being flue gas duct with selected sectionThermal area, m 2 ；
D is the flue diameter of the flue in the selected section, m;
l is the length of the water-cooling flue of the flue in the selected section, and m.
Further, the flue heat exchange coefficient is 3-11W/(m) 2 ·℃)。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace can realize the prediction of the gas temperature at the inlet of the connecting flue of the electric furnace under different conditions, provide basis for feeding and power transmission control, effectively reduce the occurrence probability of abnormal conditions of the electric furnace, and provide reference for flue design and gas recovery equipment selection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a simplified process of the flue gas temperature prediction method of the titanium slag electric furnace of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace, which comprises the following steps: and obtaining the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section according to the principle that the sum of the heat taken by the flue gas and the heat taken by the smoke dust of the flue of the selected section is the same as the heat exchange coefficient of the flue, and establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue according to the principle that the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section is the same as the flue heat exchange coefficient of the whole flue.
The invention discloses a method for predicting the temperature of flue gas of a titanium slag electric furnace, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a relation between heat taken away by flue gas of a flue in a selected section and the temperature of the flue gas of the flue in the selected section;
step 2, establishing a relation between heat taken away by smoke dust of the flue in the selected section and the temperature of the flue in the selected section;
step 3, establishing a relation between the flue heat exchange heat of the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue, and solving the flue heat exchange coefficient of the selected section flue;
and 4, establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue.
First, establishing a relationship between the heat carried away by the flue gas of the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue includes: according to the smoke components and the smoke flow, the heat Q taken away by the smoke of the smoke channel in the selected section is established 1 Temperature difference delta T between the gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the selected section flue 1 Is a relationship of (3). I.e. Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 △T 1 ，△T 1 ＝T Feeding in -T Out of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein T is Feeding in For the gas temperature, T, at the flue inlet of the flue of the selected section Out of The temperature of the gas at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section is DEG C; c 1 The specific heat kcal/(kg. DEG C) of the flue gas; m is m 1 The amount of the generated smoke is kg/h.
Wherein the carbon monoxide (CO) content in the smoke component is 30-80% by mole percent, and the carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) The content is 1.5-10%, and nitrogen (N) 2 ) The content is 15-50%, hydrogen (H) 2 ) The content is 2% -5%, the smoke flow is 2000-6000NM 3 /h。
Secondly, establishing a relationship between the heat carried away by the smoke dust of the selected section flue and the temperature of the smoke dust of the selected section flue comprises: according to the balance principle of titanium slag smelting materials, the smoke dust (dust removing ash) generation amount is obtained, thereby establishing that the smoke dust of the flue in the selected section takes away heat Q 2 Temperature difference delta T between flue gas temperature at flue gas inlet and flue gas temperature at flue gas outlet of flue gas channel of selected section 2 Is a relationship of (3). I.e. Q 2 ＝m 2 c 2 △T 2 ，△T 2＝ △T 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein in the method of the invention, the temperature of the smoke dust at the inlet of the flue and the temperature of the smoke dust at the outlet of the flue are respectively equal to the temperature T of the gas at the inlet of the flue Feeding in Gas temperature T at flue outlet Out of Identical, deltaT 2 For the temperature difference between the flue gas temperature at the flue gas inlet and the flue gas temperature at the flue gas outlet of the selected section flue, i.e. being equal to the selected section flueGas temperature T at flue inlet of section flue Feeding in And the gas temperature T at the outlet of the flue Out of Temperature difference, DEG C; c 2 The specific heat of the smoke is 0.22-0.26 kJ/(kg. DEG C); m is m 2 The smoke generation amount is 200-1200kg/h.
Secondly, establishing a relationship between the flue heat exchange heat of the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue comprises: establishing the flue heat exchange quantity Q of the flue in the selected section under the given flue condition 3 Logarithmic mean temperature difference (Deltat) L from the selected section flue m Relation of (i.e. Q) 3 ＝KF(△t)L m ，(△t)L m ＝(△t 1 -△t 2 )/ln(△t 1 /△t 2 )，△t 1 ＝T Feeding in -t Feeding in ，△t 2 ＝T Out of -t Out of ，t Feeding in For the water temperature, t, at the flue inlet of the flue of the selected section Out of The water temperature and the temperature are the water temperature and the temperature of the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section; k, flue heat exchange coefficient, W/(m) 2 C, a temperature; f=4.93dl, F is water-cooled flue heat transfer area, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the D, flue diameter, m; l is the length of the water-cooling flue, and m.
Secondly, solving the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue in the selected section comprises: heat Q is taken away according to the flue gas of the flue of the selected section 1 And smoke takes away heat Q 2 Sum and flue heat exchange quantity Q 3 The same principle, i.e. Q 1 +Q 2 ＝Q 3 Gas temperature T at the flue inlet of the selected section flue Feeding in Gas temperature T at flue outlet Out of Water temperature t at flue inlet Feeding in Water temperature t at outlet of flue Out of Under the condition, the flue heat exchange coefficient K, 3-11W/(m) can be obtained 2 ·℃)。
And finally, establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue. And when the gas temperature at the outlet of the flue is known, establishing a gas temperature model at the inlet of the flue according to the principle that the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue in the selected section is the same as that of the flue in the whole flue. By changing the conditions of flue size, smoke generation amount, smoke flow, smoke components and the like, the gas temperature at the inlet of the flue under different conditions is predicted.
In the method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace, the flue of the selected section is any section of the flue. The cross-sectional shape and size of the flue of the selected section are consistent with those of the flue.
The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace is described in detail below.
Example 1
According to the content of CO in the smoke components of 40 percent by mole percentage, the content of CO is 2 The content is 9.5 percent, N 2 The content is 45.5 percent, H 2 The content is 4 percent, and the flue gas flow is 3200NM 3 And/h, obtaining the specific heat of flue gas c 1 The smoke generation amount m is 0.29 kcal/(kg. DEG C.) 1 4074.29kg/h; smelting titanium slag by adopting titanium concentrate with the proportion of 200 meshes and 93 percent, and obtaining the smoke dust generation amount m according to the balance principle of titanium slag smelting materials 2 At 300kg/h, specific heat of smoke c 2 0.225 kJ/(kg. Deg.C); the diameter D of the flue is 1.2m, the length L of the water-cooling flue of the flue in the selected section is 18m, and the temperature T of the gas at the inlet of the flue in the selected section Feeding in At 1050 ℃ and gas temperature T at the outlet of the flue Out of At 713 ℃, the flue gas takes away heat Q 1 1688166kJ/h and the heat Q is taken away by the smoke dust 2 22747.5kJ/h; taking heat Q according to flue gas 1 And smoke takes away heat Q 2 The sum and the heat Q of flue heat exchange 3 The same principle is adopted, and the water temperature t at the flue inlet of the flue in the selected section Feeding in At 33 ℃ and the water temperature t at the outlet of the flue Out of The flue heat exchange coefficient K is 5.35W/(m) at 39 DEG C 2 C, a temperature; according to the principle that the heat exchange coefficient K of the flue is the same, the distance between the inlet of the flue connected with the electric furnace and the nearest thermocouple temperature measuring point of the flue is 10.8m, and the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the flue is 1328 ℃.
Example 2
The content of CO in the smoke gas is 59.3 percent according to mole percent 2 The content is 6.8 percent, N 2 The content is 29.3 percent, H 2 The content is 3.8 percent, the flue gas flow is 5500NM 3 And/h, obtaining the specific heat of flue gas c 1 0.29 kcal/(kg. DEG C), flue gasProduction amount m 1 6907.41kg/h; smelting titanium slag by adopting titanium concentrate with the proportion of 200 meshes being 75%, and obtaining the smoke dust generation amount m according to the balance principle of titanium slag smelting materials 2 800kg/h, specific heat of smoke c 2 0.235 kJ/(kg. Deg.C); the diameter D of the flue is known to be 1.2m, the length L of the water-cooling flue of the flue in the selected section is 36m, and the temperature T of the gas at the flue inlet of the flue in the selected section Feeding in 950 ℃ and the gas temperature T at the outlet of the flue Out of At 408 ℃, the flue gas takes away heat Q 1 4618668.26kJ/h and the heat Q is taken away by the smoke dust 2 101896kJ/h; taking heat Q according to flue gas 1 And smoke takes away heat Q 2 The sum and the heat Q of flue heat exchange 3 The same principle is adopted, and the water temperature t at the flue inlet of the flue in the selected section Feeding in At 33 ℃ and the water temperature t at the outlet of the flue Out of The flue heat exchange coefficient K is 10.23W/(m) at 39 DEG C 2 C, a temperature; according to the principle that the heat exchange coefficient K of the flue is the same, the distance between the inlet of the flue connected with the electric furnace and the nearest thermocouple temperature measuring point of the flue is 14.5m, and the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the flue is 1350 ℃.
The invention relates to a method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace, which is based on known flue gas components and flow rates, gas temperature at the inlet and outlet of a flue, water inlet and outlet temperature, flue length and flue diameter according to a formula Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 △T 1 、Q 2 ＝m 2 c 2 △T 2 、Q 3 ＝KF(△t)L m F=4.93 DL and Q 1 +Q 2 ＝Q 3 And calculating the heat transfer coefficient K of the flue. Then according to the distance between the inlet of the flue connected with the electric furnace and the nearest thermocouple temperature measuring point of the flue, according to the known smoke composition and flow, the gas temperature at the outlet of the flue and the water inlet and outlet temperature, according to the formula Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 △T 1 、Q 2 ＝m 2 c 2 △T 2 、Q 3 ＝KF(△t)L m F=4.93 DL and Q 1 +Q 2 ＝Q 3 And calculating the gas temperature at the inlet of the flue.
The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace can realize the prediction of the gas temperature at the inlet of the connecting flue of the electric furnace under different conditions, provide basis for feeding and power transmission control, effectively reduce the occurrence probability of abnormal conditions of the electric furnace, and provide reference for flue design and gas recovery equipment selection.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate embodiments of the invention and are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for predicting the temperature of the flue gas of the titanium slag electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and establishing a gas temperature model at a flue inlet according to the principle that the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section is the same as the flue heat exchange coefficient of the whole flue, wherein the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue of the selected section is obtained according to the principle that the sum of the heat taken by the flue gas and the heat taken by the smoke dust of the flue of the selected section is the same as the flue heat exchange heat.
2. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein the carbon monoxide content in the flue gas component is 30-80%, the carbon dioxide content is 1.5-10%, the nitrogen content is 15-50%, the hydrogen content is 2% -5%, and the flue gas flow is 2000-6000NM in terms of mole percent 3 /h。
3. The method of predicting flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace of claim 2, wherein the method includes establishing a relationship between the flue gas carry-away heat of the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue.
4. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 3, wherein the relation between the heat taken away by the flue gas of the selected section and the specific heat of the flue gas, the amount of generated flue gas and the temperature difference between the gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue gas of the selected section is:
Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 △T 1 ；
wherein DeltaT 1 ＝T Feeding in -T Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue of the selected section are respectively at the temperature of DEG C;
Q 1 indicating that the flue gas of the flue of the selected section takes away heat, kJ/h;
c 1 specific heat of flue gas, kcal/(kg·deg.C);
m 1 and the smoke generation amount of the flue in the selected section is kg/h.
5. The method of claim 4, comprising establishing a relationship between the heat carried away by the fumes from the selected section flue and the flue gas temperature of the selected section flue.
6. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 5, wherein the relation between the heat taken away by the flue dust of the flue gas of the selected section and the specific heat of the flue dust, the generation amount of the flue dust and the temperature difference between the gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue gas of the selected section is:
Q 2 ＝m 2 c 2 △T 2 ，
wherein DeltaT 2 ＝△T 1 ＝T Feeding in -T Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue of the selected section are respectively at the temperature of DEG C;
Q 2 indicating that the smoke dust of the flue in the selected section takes away heat, and kJ/h;
c 2 specific heat of smoke and dust, kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m 2 for the selected sectionThe smoke generation amount of the flue is kg/h.
7. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 6, wherein the smoke generation amount is 200-1200kg/h.
8. The method of claim 5, comprising establishing a relationship between the stack heat exchange heat of the selected section stack and the flue gas temperature of the selected section stack.
9. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of the titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 8, wherein the relation between the flue heat exchange heat of the selected section flue and the flue heat exchange coefficient, the water cooling flue heat transfer area and the flue logarithmic average temperature difference is:
Q 3 ＝KF(△t)L m ，
wherein, (DELTAt) L m ＝(△t 1 -△t 2 )/ln(△t 1 /△t 2 )，△t 1 ＝T Feeding in -t Feeding in ，△t 2 ＝T Out of -t Out of ；
T Feeding in 、T Out of The gas temperature at the flue inlet and the gas temperature at the flue outlet of the flue of the selected section are respectively at the temperature of DEG C;
t feeding in 、t Out of The water temperature at the flue inlet and the water temperature at the flue outlet of the flue in the selected section are respectively;
Q 3 the flue heat exchange heat of the flue in the selected section is represented, and kJ/h;
k is the flue heat exchange coefficient of the flue in the selected section, W/(m) 2 ·℃)；
F＝4.93DL；
F is the water-cooling flue heat transfer area of the flue in the selected section, m 2 ；
D is the flue diameter of the flue in the selected section, and m;
l is the length of the water-cooling flue of the flue in the selected section, and m.
10. The method for predicting the flue gas temperature of a titanium slag electric furnace according to claim 9, wherein the flue heat exchange coefficient is 3-11W/(m) 2 ·℃)。
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| CN101435024A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2009-05-20 | 阳谷祥光铜业有限公司 | Raw copper air refining process based on mathematical model |
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