CN114017028B - Rock stratum splitting equipment and roof rock stratum splitting method - Google Patents
Rock stratum splitting equipment and roof rock stratum splitting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114017028B CN114017028B CN202111239173.5A CN202111239173A CN114017028B CN 114017028 B CN114017028 B CN 114017028B CN 202111239173 A CN202111239173 A CN 202111239173A CN 114017028 B CN114017028 B CN 114017028B
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- drill rod
- splitting
- rod
- drill
- cylinder
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses rock stratum splitting equipment and a roadway roof rock stratum splitting method, which comprise a drilling machine, a plurality of drill rods, a bidirectional splitting device, a water tank and a high-pressure water pump, wherein the drill rods are sequentially connected through threads, the bidirectional splitting device is used for bi-directionally splitting rock strata, the water tank is used for providing a water source, and the high-pressure water pump is used for providing high-pressure water to the bidirectional splitting device. According to the rock stratum splitting equipment and the roof rock stratum splitting method disclosed by the invention, high-pressure water is supplied to the bidirectional splitting device by adopting the high-pressure water pump, and the splitting rod is pushed out to act on the hole wall of the drilling hole of the roof rock stratum by the high-pressure water, so that the roof rock stratum is split into gaps, and the operation is convenient and the safety is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway roof cutting and splitting pressure relief, in particular to rock stratum splitting equipment and a roadway roof rock stratum splitting method.
Background
In the coal mining process, pressure relief is sometimes required for roof strata cleavage. At present, the mine underground gob-side entry retaining roof cutting pressure relief mainly adopts blasting pressure relief, and explosive is required to be installed in a drill hole of a rock stratum, so that the efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and potential safety hazards exist.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a rock formation cleaving apparatus and a roof rock formation cleaving method that are convenient to operate and have high safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide rock stratum splitting equipment and a roof rock stratum splitting method which are convenient to operate and high in safety.
The technical scheme of the invention provides rock stratum splitting equipment, which comprises a drilling machine, a plurality of drill rods, a bidirectional splitting device, a water tank and a high-pressure water pump, wherein the drill rods are sequentially connected through threads, the bidirectional splitting device is used for splitting a rock stratum in a bidirectional manner, the water tank is used for providing a water source, and the high-pressure water pump is used for providing high-pressure water for the bidirectional splitting device;
the drilling machine comprises a stand column, a clamp fixedly arranged on the stand column and used for clamping the drill rod, and a lifting table which is arranged below the clamp and used for conveying the drill rod to the clamp, and the lifting table is in sliding connection with the stand column through a sliding frame;
the bidirectional splitting device is arranged on the uppermost drill rod through a connecting cylinder;
the bidirectional splitting device comprises a column body with a flow passage and a plurality of pairs of splitting bars which are arranged in the column body and can extend and retract;
a plurality of pairs of mounting holes are formed in the column body at intervals, each splitting rod is slidably mounted in one mounting hole, limiting steps for limiting the splitting rod are arranged in the mounting holes, and a partition plate is mounted on an orifice of the mounting cavity facing the flow channel side;
the splitting rod is provided with an installing cavity, a spring is arranged in the installing cavity and connected between the partition board and the splitting rod, the partition board is provided with a communication hole for communicating the installing cavity with the flow channel, and the splitting rod is provided with a baffle plate which can be matched with the limiting step;
the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a valve joint communicated with the flow channel, the valve joint extends into the connecting cylinder and comprises a liquid inlet valve and a liquid return valve, and the cylinder wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a cylinder wall opening;
the water inlet of the high-pressure pump is communicated with the water tank, the water outlet of the high-pressure pump is connected with the liquid inlet valve through a water supply pipe, the liquid return valve is connected with the water tank through a water return pipe, and the water supply pipe and the water return pipe penetrate through the opening of the cylinder wall.
In one optional aspect, the fixture comprises a sleeve mounted on the upright through a fixing frame and used for the drill rod to pass through, and a first cylinder mounted on the sleeve and used for clamping the drill rod;
the piston rod of the first cylinder extends towards the axis of the sleeve.
In one optional technical scheme, a turntable and a motor for driving the turntable to rotate are arranged on the lifting table;
the rotary table is provided with a rotary table groove for placing the lower end of the drill rod, the groove wall of the rotary table groove is provided with a second cylinder for clamping the drill rod, and the piston rod of the second cylinder extends towards the axis of the rotary table.
In one optional technical scheme, a lifting oil cylinder is connected below the lifting platform.
In one optional technical scheme, the upright post is provided with a rack, the lifting platform is provided with a motor, the output end of the motor is provided with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack.
In one alternative, the top end of the column body is a conical guiding end.
In one optional technical scheme, the lower end of the drill rod is provided with a conical lower drill rod connecting end, and the lower drill rod connecting end is provided with external threads;
the upper end of the drill rod is provided with a truncated cone-shaped drill rod upper connecting groove, and an internal thread is arranged in the drill rod upper connecting groove;
in any two adjacent drill rods, the lower connecting end of the drill rod above is in threaded connection with the upper connecting groove of the drill rod below.
In one optional technical scheme, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with the drill rod through an adapter, the lower end of the adapter is provided with a truncated cone-shaped adapter lower connecting end, the upper end of the adapter is provided with a cylindrical adapter upper connecting end, and external threads are respectively arranged on the adapter lower connecting end and the adapter upper connecting end;
the upper connecting end of the adapter is in threaded connection with the connecting cylinder, and the lower connecting end of the adapter is in threaded connection with the drill rod in the upper connecting groove of the drill rod.
In one optional technical scheme, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are both tied on the drill rod connected with the connecting cylinder.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a roof stratum splitting method, which adopts the stratum splitting equipment in any technical scheme;
the rock stratum bidirectional splitting method comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a borehole into the roadway roof rock stratum in the stope face gateway;
s2: connecting the two-way splitting device with a drill rod, and clamping the drill rod through a clamp;
s3: placing the next drill rod on a lifting table, and connecting and fixing the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod;
s4: loosening the clamp, and after the lifting platform ascends for a preset distance, clamping the next drill rod through the clamp, and returning the lifting platform to the initial position;
s5: repeating S3-S4 until the bi-directional splitting device is sent to a designated position in the drill hole;
s6: starting a high-pressure water pump to supply high-pressure water to a runner of the bidirectional splitting device through a water supply pipe, enabling the high-pressure water to enter a mounting cavity through a communication hole of a partition plate and ejecting the end part of a splitting rod from the mounting hole so as to split a rock stratum on the top of a roadway;
s7: after splitting is completed, the high-pressure water pump is closed, and water in the installation cavity and the flow channel returns to the water tank through the water return pipe;
s8: and (3) sending the bidirectional splitting device into the next appointed position in the drilling hole, and executing the steps S7-S8 until the bidirectional splitting of the rock stratum at the top of the roadway is completed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the rock stratum splitting equipment and the roof rock stratum splitting method, high-pressure water is supplied to the bidirectional splitting device by the high-pressure water pump, and the splitting rod is pushed out to act on the hole wall of a drilling hole of the roof rock stratum by the high-pressure water, so that the roof rock stratum is split into gaps, and the operation is convenient and the safety is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock formation cleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention when a cleavage operation is performed on a roof rock formation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a formation fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lifting cylinder connected below a lifting table on a stand column of a drilling machine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a motor mounted on a lifting table on a stand column of a drilling machine, with a gear of the motor meshed with a rack on the stand column;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the turntable connected to a motor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clamp having a first cylinder mounted on a sleeve;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the bi-directional cleaving apparatus, the connecting cartridge and the adapter;
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bi-directional cleaving apparatus;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cleaving bar in an initial position in a mounting hole;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cleaving rod extending from the mounting hole under hydraulic pressure;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder at a pair of mounting holes;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the valve fitting, the connecting cartridge, the water supply pipe and the return pipe;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a connecting cartridge having a cartridge wall opening therein;
fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a drill rod.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and fig. 7 to 14, the rock formation splitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a drilling machine 1, a plurality of drill rods 2 sequentially connected by threads, a bi-directional splitting device 3 for bi-directionally splitting rock formations, a water tank 4 for supplying water, and a high pressure water pump 5 for supplying high pressure water into the bi-directional splitting device 3.
The drilling machine 1 comprises a stand 11, a clamp 12 fixedly mounted on the stand 11 and used for clamping the drill rod 2, and a lifting table 13 positioned below the clamp 12 and used for conveying the drill rod 2 to the clamp 12, wherein the lifting table 13 is in sliding connection with the stand 11 through a sliding frame 15.
The bi-directional splitting apparatus 3 is mounted on the uppermost drill rod 2 by a connecting barrel 6.
The bi-directional cleaving device 3 includes a column 31 having a flow channel 312 and a plurality of pairs of cleaving bars 32 mounted in the column 31 and capable of extension and retraction.
A plurality of pairs of mounting holes 313 are formed in the column 31 at intervals, each split rod 32 is slidably mounted in one mounting hole 313, a limiting step 314 for limiting the split rod 32 is formed in the mounting hole 313, and a partition 33 is mounted on an orifice of the mounting cavity 322 facing the flow passage 312 side.
The split rod 32 is provided with a mounting cavity 322, a spring 34 is arranged in the mounting cavity 322, the spring 34 is connected between the partition plate 33 and the split rod 32, the partition plate 33 is provided with a communication hole 331 which is communicated with the mounting cavity 322 and the runner 312, and the split rod 32 is provided with a baffle 321 which can be matched with the limiting step 314.
The lower end of the column body 31 is provided with a valve joint 35 communicated with the flow channel 312, the valve joint 35 stretches into the connecting cylinder 6, the valve joint 35 comprises a liquid inlet valve 351 and a liquid return valve 352, and the cylinder wall of the connecting cylinder 6 is provided with a cylinder wall opening 61.
The water inlet of the high-pressure pump is communicated with the water tank 4, the water outlet of the high-pressure pump is connected with the liquid inlet valve 351 through the water supply pipe 8, the liquid return valve 352 is connected with the water tank 4 through the water return pipe 9, and the water supply pipe 8 and the water return pipe 9 penetrate through the cylinder wall opening 61.
The rock stratum splitting device provided by the invention is used for splitting the roadway roof rock stratum 300 above the coal seam 200, so that the roadway roof rock stratum 300 is split into a certain gap, and rock stratum pressure relief is realized.
The rock stratum splitting equipment comprises a drilling machine 1, a drill rod 2, a bidirectional splitting device 3, a water tank 4, a high-pressure water pump 5, a water supply pipe 8 and a water return pipe 9.
The drilling machine 1 has a column 11, which column 11 may be a hydraulic column. A clamp 12 is attached to the upper end of the column 11, and a lifting table 13 is attached to the column 11 below the clamp 12. The lifting table 13 is connected to the column 11 by a carriage 15. The lifting table 13 can slide up and down along the upright 11 to provide guidance for lifting and lowering the lifting table 13. The clamp 12 may clamp the drill rod 2 to stabilize the drill rod 2 and the bi-directional cleaving device 3 in the borehole 400. The elevator table 13 may push the next drill rod 2 upwards so that the upper drill rod 2 and the bi-directional splitting assembly 3 move upwards in the borehole 400.
The drill rods 2 adjacent to each other are connected through threads. The lower end of the two-way splitting device 3 is connected to the uppermost drill rod 2 through a connecting cylinder 6.
The bi-directional cleaving device 3 is used for bi-directional cleaving of the roof strata 300. The bi-directional cleaving apparatus 3 comprises a column 31, a plurality of pairs of cleaving bars 32, a spacer 33, a spring 34 and a valve connector 35.
The center of the column 31 has a flow passage 312 extending up and down, the lower end opening of the flow passage 312 is located at the bottom surface of the column 31, and the upper end of the flow passage 312 is closed.
A plurality of pairs of mounting holes 313 are arranged in the column 31 at intervals in the up-down direction, and each pair of mounting holes 313 is arranged on opposite sides of the axis of the column 31, so that two rows of mounting holes 313 spaced up-down are formed on opposite sides of the column 31. The side wall of the mounting hole 313 has a stopper step 314.
A split rod 32 is in clearance fit in each mounting hole 313, and a dust ring 315 and a sealing ring 316 are arranged between the head end of the split rod 32 and the wall of the mounting hole 313. The dust ring 315 is located outside the sealing ring 316. The dust ring 315 prevents external dust from entering the mounting hole 313. The sealing ring 316 prevents the water 10 from flowing out from the gap between the split rod 32 and the wall of the mounting hole 313.
The tail of the split rod 32 has a baffle 321 and the tail of the split rod 32 also has a mounting cavity 322 open to the flow channel 312.
A partition 33 is installed in the flow passage 312 for blocking the orifice of the installation hole 313 toward the flow passage 312. The partition 33 has a communication hole 331, and the communication hole 331 communicates with the flow passage 312 and the installation chamber 322.
The spring 34 is a compression spring connected between the spacer 33 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 322 for pulling the split rod 32 such that the split rod 32 is retracted into the mounting hole 313.
When the splitting bar 32 is at the initial position, the splitting bar 32 is retracted into the mounting hole 313, the tail end of the splitting bar 32 contacts the partition 33, and the blocking plate 321 leaves the limiting step 314.
When the installation cavity 322 enters the high-pressure water 10, the water pressure drives the splitting rod 32 to move towards the outer side of the installation hole 313 and extend out, and the head end of the splitting rod 32 props against the wall of the drilling hole 400, so that the roadway roof strata 300 can be split into gaps.
A valve joint 35 is installed at the lower end of the column 31, and the upper end thereof is connected in the flow passage 312. The lower end of the valve connector 35 is located in the connecting cylinder 6. The connecting cylinder 6 has a cylinder wall opening 61 in the cylinder wall for the water pipe to pass through. Both the water supply pipe 8 and the water return pipe 9 pass through the cylinder wall opening 61.
The valve joint 35 includes a feed valve 351 and a return valve 352. The high pressure pump 5 is mounted on the water tank 4. The water outlet of the high-pressure pump 5 is connected with a liquid inlet valve 351 through a water supply pipe 8, and a liquid return valve 352 is connected with the water tank 4 through a water return pipe 9.
The inlet valve 351 may employ a solenoid valve, which is a one-way valve that allows water only into the flow passage 312. The return valve 352 may employ a solenoid valve, which is a one-way valve that allows only water to flow from the flow passage 312. When the high-pressure pump 5 is operated, the liquid inlet valve 351 is opened, the liquid return valve 352 is closed, and the water 10 in the flow channel 312 is prevented from flowing out of the liquid return valve 352. When the high-pressure pump 5 stops working, the liquid return valve 352 is opened, the liquid inlet valve 351 is closed, and the water 10 in the flow channel 312 can flow out from the liquid return valve 352.
The water pressure in the present invention is determined by the high-pressure pump 5, and the water pressure can be selected as needed.
When the rock layer splitting device is adopted to split the roadway roof rock layer 300 in two directions, the drilling machine 1, the water tank 4 and the high-pressure water pump 5 are installed in the stope face gateway 100. A drill bit is mounted on the drill rod 2. A borehole 400 is then drilled through the upward-facing coal seam 200 and the roof strata 300 in the drill rig 2. After the drilling 400 is completed, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit are removed. And the bidirectional splitting device 3 is connected with a drill rod 2 through a connecting cylinder 6. Then the lifting table 13 moves the drill rod 2 and the bi-directional splitting device 3 upwards, and after moving into place, the drill rod 2 is clamped by the clamp 12, and the lifting table 13 returns to the initial position. And then the next drill rod 2 is placed on the lifting table 13, and the lower drill rod 2 is rotated, so that the upper drill rod 2 and the lower drill rod 2 are in threaded connection and fixed. Then, the clamp 12 is released, the lifting table 13 is lifted up by a preset distance, the next drill rod 2 is clamped by the clamp 12, and the reciprocating operation is sequentially performed until the bi-directional splitting assembly 3 is sent to a designated position in the drill 400. The high-pressure water pump 5 is started to supply high-pressure water to the flow channel 312 of the bidirectional splitting device 3 through the water supply pipe 8, the high-pressure water enters the mounting cavity 322 through the communication hole 331 of the partition plate 33 and ejects the end part of the splitting rod 32 from the mounting hole 313 so as to split the roadway roof strata 300. Because the two sides of the column 31 are provided with the row of splitting bars 32, the hole walls on two opposite sides of the drill hole 400 can be propped against to split the roof strata 300 bidirectionally, and the pressure relief of the split forming cracks in the roof strata 300 is facilitated.
After the splitting is completed, the high-pressure water pump 5 is turned off, and the water 10 in the installation cavity 322 and the flow passage 312 is returned to the water tank 4 through the water return pipe 9.
Then according to the previous steps, the bi-directional splitting device 3 is moved upwards to be sent to the next designated position in the drill hole 400, and bi-directional splitting is performed on the section of the roof strata 300 until the splitting operation of the preset area of the roof strata 300 is completed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4 and 6, the clamp 12 includes a sleeve 121 mounted on the upright 11 by a mount 14 for passage of the drill rod 2 and a first cylinder 122 mounted on the sleeve 121 for clamping of the drill rod 2. The piston rod 1221 of the first cylinder 122 extends toward the axis of the sleeve 121.
In this embodiment, the clamp 12 includes a sleeve 121 and a first cylinder 122. The sleeve 121 is mounted on the upright 11 by means of the fixing frame 14, and the drill rod 2 can pass through the through hole of the sleeve 121. The first cylinder 122 is mounted on the wall of the sleeve 121 with its piston rod 1221 extending towards the axis of the sleeve 121.
After the lifting table 13 moves the drill rod 2 up to a preset distance, the lower end of the drill rod 2 is in the sleeve 121. The first cylinder 122 is then activated and the piston rod 1221 of the first cylinder 122 is extended against the drill rod 2 to temporarily hold the drill rod 2, at which point the elevator table 13 may be reset to the initial position.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-5, the elevating platform 13 is provided with a turntable 16 and a motor 17 for driving the turntable 16 to rotate.
The rotary table 16 is provided with a rotary table groove 161 for placing the lower end of the drill rod 2, and the groove wall of the rotary table groove 161 is provided with a second air cylinder 162 for clamping the drill rod 2, and a piston rod 1621 of the second air cylinder 162 extends towards the axis of the rotary table 16.
In this embodiment, a turntable 16 is mounted on the top surface of the lifting table 13, a motor 17 is mounted inside the lifting table 13 or below the lifting table 13, and an output shaft of the motor 17 is connected to the turntable 16 for driving the turntable 16 to rotate. The turntable 16 has a turntable recess 161 thereon for receiving the lower end of the drill rod 2. A second cylinder 162 is mounted on the wall of the carousel groove 161 with a piston rod 1621 extending towards the axis of the carousel 16 for gripping the drill rod 2.
When the upper and lower drill rods 2 are required to be connected, the upper end of the lower drill rod 2 is aligned with the lower end of the upper drill rod 2, and the lifting table 13 is moved upwards while the turntable 16 is driven to rotate forward by the motor 17, so that the lower drill rod 2 rotates towards the locking direction, and the upper and lower drill rods 2 are connected together in a threaded manner.
When the upper and lower drill rods 2 need to be disassembled, the lifting table 13 is moved downwards, and the rotary table 16 is driven to rotate reversely through the motor 17, so that the lower drill rod 2 rotates towards the unscrewing direction, and the upper and lower drill rods 2 are disassembled.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a lift cylinder 17 is connected below the lift table 13. In the present embodiment, the lifting table 13 is driven to move up and down by the lifting cylinder 17. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 17 is connected with the lifting table 13.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a rack 111 is provided on the upright 11, a motor 18 is mounted on the lifting table 13, a gear 19 is mounted on the output end of the motor 18, and the gear 19 is meshed with the rack 111.
In the present embodiment, the elevating table 13 is driven to move up and down by the cooperation of the motor 18, the gear 19 and the rack 111.
The motor 18 is fixedly installed in the elevating table 13 or installed below the elevating table 13. The rotating shaft of the gear 19 is connected with the lifting table 13 through a bracket. The output shaft of the motor 18 may be directly connected to the rotation shaft of the gear 19, or the output shaft of the motor 18 may be connected to the rotation shaft of the gear 19 through a transmission mechanism (a transmission belt, a transmission gear set) or the like to drive the gear 19 to rotate. The rack 111 is fixedly installed at a side of the upright 11 facing the elevating platform 13, and the rack 111 extends in a vertical direction. The gear 19 is engaged with the rack 111.
When the motor 18 rotates in the forward direction, the gear 19 climbs upward along the rack 111, thereby driving the elevating table 13 to ascend. When the motor 18 rotates in the reverse direction, the gear 19 climbs down along the rack 111, thereby driving the elevating table 13 to descend.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7-8, the top end of the post 31 is tapered at a guide end 311 to facilitate guiding the post 31 upward in the borehole 400.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2 and 14, the lower end of the drill rod 2 has a lower drill rod connection end 21 in the shape of a truncated cone, and the lower drill rod connection end 21 is provided with external threads. The upper end of the drill rod 2 is provided with a truncated cone-shaped drill rod upper connecting groove 22, and an internal thread is arranged in the drill rod upper connecting groove 22. In any two adjacent drill rods 2, the lower drill rod connecting end 21 of the upper drill rod 2 is in threaded connection with the upper drill rod connecting groove 22 of the lower drill rod 2.
The sections of the lower connecting end 21 of the drill rod and the upper connecting groove 22 of the drill rod are trapezoidal, and the upper part is wide and the lower part is narrow. During connection, the lower drill rod connecting end 21 of the upper drill rod 2 is positioned in the upper drill rod connecting groove 22 of the lower drill rod 2, and the external threads of the lower drill rod connecting end 21 are meshed with the internal threads in the upper drill rod connecting groove 22, so that connection is facilitated.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 12-13, the lower end of the connecting tube 6 is connected to the drill rod 2 via an adapter 7. The lower end of the adapter 7 is provided with a lower adapter connecting end 71 with a truncated cone shape, and the upper end of the adapter 7 is provided with an upper adapter connecting end 72 with a cylindrical shape. External threads are respectively arranged on the lower connecting end 71 of the adapter and the upper connecting end 72 of the adapter.
The upper adapter connecting end 72 is screwed into the connecting cylinder 6, and the lower adapter connecting end 71 is screwed into the upper drill rod connecting groove 22 of the drill rod 2.
The shape and size of the lower adapter connection end 71 is identical to the shape and size of the lower drill rod connection end 21, and is convenient to connect with the upper drill rod connection groove 22.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, both the water supply pipe 8 and the water return pipe 9 are tied to the drill pipe 2 connected to the connection cylinder 6, so that both the water supply pipe 8 and the water return pipe 9 can move with the drill pipe 2. The water supply pipe 8 and the water return pipe 9 are soft rubber pipes.
Referring to fig. 1-14, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for cleaving a roof strata, which uses the strata cleaving apparatus according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
The rock stratum bidirectional splitting method comprises the following steps:
s1: a borehole 400 is drilled into the roof strata 300 within the stope face gateway 100.
S2: the bi-directional cleaving device 3 is connected to a drill rod 2 and clamps the drill rod 2 by means of a clamp 12.
S3: the next drill rod 2 is placed on the lifting table 13, and the upper drill rod 2 and the lower drill rod 2 are connected and fixed.
S4: after the clamp 12 is released and the lifting table 13 is lifted by a preset distance, the next drill rod 2 is clamped by the clamp 12, and the lifting table 13 returns to the initial position.
S5: S3-S4 are repeated until the bi-directional cleaving device 3 is fed into the borehole 400 at a designated location.
S6: the high-pressure water pump 5 is started to supply high-pressure water to the flow channel 312 of the bidirectional splitting device 3 through the water supply pipe 8, the high-pressure water enters the mounting cavity 322 through the communication hole 331 of the partition plate 33 and ejects the end part of the splitting rod 32 from the mounting hole 313 so as to split the roadway roof strata 300.
S7: after the splitting is completed, the high-pressure water pump 5 is turned off, and the water in the installation cavity 322 and the flow channel 312 returns to the water tank 4 through the water return pipe 9.
S8: the bi-directional splitting apparatus 3 is fed into the next designated location in the borehole 400 and steps S7-S8 are performed until bi-directional splitting of the roof strata 300 is completed.
When the rock layer splitting device is adopted to split the roadway roof rock layer 300 in two directions, the drilling machine 1, the water tank 4 and the high-pressure water pump 5 are installed in the stope face gateway 100. A drill bit is mounted on the drill rod 2. A borehole 400 is then drilled through the upward-facing coal seam 200 and the roof strata 300 in the drill rig 2. After the drilling 400 is completed, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit are removed. And the bidirectional splitting device 3 is connected with a drill rod 2 through a connecting cylinder 6. Then the lifting table 13 moves the drill rod 2 and the bi-directional splitting device 3 upwards, and after moving into place, the drill rod 2 is clamped by the clamp 12, and the lifting table 13 returns to the initial position. And then the next drill rod 2 is placed on the lifting table 13, and the lower drill rod 2 is rotated, so that the upper drill rod 2 and the lower drill rod 2 are in threaded connection and fixed. Then, the clamp 12 is released, the lifting table 13 is lifted up by a preset distance, the next drill rod 2 is clamped by the clamp 12, and the reciprocating operation is sequentially performed until the bi-directional splitting assembly 3 is sent to a designated position in the drill 400. The high-pressure water pump 5 is started to supply high-pressure water to the flow channel 312 of the bidirectional splitting device 3 through the water supply pipe 8, the high-pressure water enters the mounting cavity 322 through the communication hole 331 of the partition plate 33 and ejects the end part of the splitting rod 32 from the mounting hole 313 so as to split the roadway roof strata 300. Because the two sides of the column 31 are provided with the row of splitting bars 32, the hole walls on two opposite sides of the drill hole 400 can be propped against to split the roof strata 300 bidirectionally, and the pressure relief of the split forming cracks in the roof strata 300 is facilitated.
After the splitting is completed, the high-pressure water pump 5 is turned off, and the water 10 in the installation cavity 322 and the flow passage 312 is returned to the water tank 4 through the water return pipe 9.
Then according to the previous steps, the bi-directional splitting device 3 is moved upwards to be sent to the next designated position in the drill hole 400, and bi-directional splitting is performed on the section of the roof strata 300 until the splitting operation of the preset area of the roof strata 300 is completed.
In summary, according to the rock stratum splitting device and the roof rock stratum splitting method provided by the invention, high-pressure water is supplied to the bidirectional splitting device by the high-pressure water pump, and the splitting rod is pushed out to act on the hole wall of the hole of the roof rock stratum by the high-pressure water, so that the roof rock stratum is split into gaps, and the device is convenient to operate and high in safety.
The above technical schemes can be combined according to the need to achieve the best technical effect.
What has been described above is merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that several other variants are possible to those skilled in the art on the basis of the principle of the invention and should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The rock stratum splitting equipment is characterized by comprising a drilling machine, a plurality of drill rods, a bidirectional splitting device, a water tank and a high-pressure water pump, wherein the drill rods are sequentially connected through threads, the bidirectional splitting device is used for splitting a rock stratum in a bidirectional mode, the water tank is used for providing a water source, and the high-pressure water pump is used for providing high-pressure water to the bidirectional splitting device;
the drilling machine comprises a stand column, a clamp fixedly arranged on the stand column and used for clamping the drill rod, and a lifting table which is arranged below the clamp and used for conveying the drill rod to the clamp, and the lifting table is in sliding connection with the stand column through a sliding frame;
the bidirectional splitting device is arranged on the uppermost drill rod through a connecting cylinder;
the bidirectional splitting device comprises a column body with a flow passage and a plurality of pairs of splitting bars which are arranged in the column body and can extend and retract;
a plurality of pairs of mounting holes are formed in the column body at intervals, each splitting rod is slidably mounted in one mounting hole, limiting steps for limiting the splitting rod are arranged in the mounting holes, and a partition plate is mounted on an orifice of the mounting cavity facing the flow channel side;
the splitting rod is provided with an installing cavity, a spring is arranged in the installing cavity and connected between the partition board and the splitting rod, the partition board is provided with a communication hole for communicating the installing cavity with the flow channel, and the splitting rod is provided with a baffle plate which can be matched with the limiting step;
the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a valve joint communicated with the flow channel, the valve joint extends into the connecting cylinder and comprises a liquid inlet valve and a liquid return valve, and the cylinder wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a cylinder wall opening;
the water inlet of the high-pressure water pump is communicated with the water tank, the water outlet of the high-pressure water pump is connected with the liquid inlet valve through a water supply pipe, the liquid return valve is connected with the water tank through a water return pipe, and the water supply pipe and the water return pipe penetrate through the opening of the cylinder wall;
a turntable and a motor for driving the turntable to rotate are arranged on the lifting table;
the rotary table is provided with a rotary table groove for placing the lower end of the drill rod, the groove wall of the rotary table groove is provided with a second cylinder for clamping the drill rod, and the piston rod of the second cylinder extends towards the axis of the rotary table;
when the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod are required to be connected, aligning the upper end of the lower drill rod with the lower end of the upper drill rod, and driving the turntable to rotate forward through the motor while moving the lifting table upwards, so that the lower drill rod rotates towards the locking direction, and the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod are connected together through threads;
when the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod are required to be disassembled, the lifting table is moved downwards, and the rotary table is driven to reversely rotate by the motor, so that the lower drill rod rotates towards the unscrewing direction, and the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod are disassembled.
2. The formation fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said clamp comprises a sleeve mounted on said post by a mount for said drill rod to pass through and a first cylinder mounted on said sleeve for clamping said drill rod;
the piston rod of the first cylinder extends towards the axis of the sleeve.
3. The formation fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a lift cylinder is connected below the lift table.
4. The formation cleaving apparatus of claim 1, wherein a rack is provided on the upright, a motor is mounted on the elevating platform, and a gear is mounted on an output end of the motor, the gear being engaged with the rack.
5. The formation fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the top end of the column is a tapered pilot end.
6. The rock formation cleaving apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the drill pipe has a lower connection end of the drill pipe in the shape of a circular truncated cone, and the lower connection end of the drill pipe is provided with external threads;
the upper end of the drill rod is provided with a truncated cone-shaped drill rod upper connecting groove, and an internal thread is arranged in the drill rod upper connecting groove;
in any two adjacent drill rods, the lower connecting end of the drill rod above is in threaded connection with the upper connecting groove of the drill rod below.
7. The rock formation splitting device according to claim 6, wherein the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with the drill rod through an adapter, the lower end of the adapter is provided with a truncated cone-shaped adapter lower connecting end, the upper end of the adapter is provided with a cylindrical adapter upper connecting end, and external threads are respectively arranged on the adapter lower connecting end and the adapter upper connecting end;
the upper connecting end of the adapter is in threaded connection with the connecting cylinder, and the lower connecting end of the adapter is in threaded connection with the drill rod in the upper connecting groove of the drill rod.
8. The formation fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said water supply pipe and said return pipe are both tied to said drill pipe connected to said connection barrel.
9. A method of roof strata cleavage, characterized in that a strata cleavage apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used;
the rock stratum bidirectional splitting method comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a borehole into the roadway roof rock stratum in the stope face gateway;
s2: connecting the two-way splitting device with a drill rod, and clamping the drill rod through a clamp;
s3: placing the next drill rod on a lifting table, and connecting and fixing the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod;
s4: loosening the clamp, and after the lifting platform ascends for a preset distance, clamping the next drill rod through the clamp, and returning the lifting platform to the initial position;
s5: repeating S3-S4 until the bi-directional splitting device is sent to a designated position in the drill hole;
s6: starting a high-pressure water pump to supply high-pressure water to a runner of the bidirectional splitting device through a water supply pipe, enabling the high-pressure water to enter a mounting cavity through a communication hole of a partition plate and ejecting the end part of a splitting rod from the mounting hole so as to split a rock stratum on the top of a roadway;
s7: after splitting is completed, the high-pressure water pump is closed, and water in the installation cavity and the flow channel returns to the water tank through the water return pipe;
s8: and (3) sending the bidirectional splitting device into the next appointed position in the drilling hole, and executing the steps S7-S8 until the bidirectional splitting of the rock stratum at the top of the roadway is completed.
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