CN114016986A - Compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114016986A CN114016986A CN202111141308.4A CN202111141308A CN114016986A CN 114016986 A CN114016986 A CN 114016986A CN 202111141308 A CN202111141308 A CN 202111141308A CN 114016986 A CN114016986 A CN 114016986A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/16—Modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for liquids or gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The compressed air energy storage system of the coupling system disclosed by the invention comprises an air compressor and a compressed air energy storage generator set, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is communicated with a manual underground heat storage structure through an air pipeline, and the air pipeline is communicated with an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set; the enhanced geothermal exploitation system comprises a ground cold water reservoir, a ground hot water reservoir, a heat exchange system and a geothermal power generating set, wherein an artificial underground heat storage structure is respectively communicated with the ground cold water reservoir and the ground hot water reservoir through a water pipeline, the ground hot water reservoir is communicated with the ground cold water reservoir through a water pipeline, the water pipeline is provided with the heat exchange system, and outlets of the heat exchange system are respectively communicated with air inlets of the geothermal power generating set and the compressed air energy storage power generating set; the air compressor, the compressed air energy storage generator set and the geothermal generator set are respectively connected with a power grid. The coupling system can simultaneously store energy by compressed air in the process of geothermal exploitation, realizes the purpose of simultaneous exploitation and storage, and effectively improves the use value and the economic benefit of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground energy storage and geothermal resource development for realizing double targets of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, in particular to a compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system.
Background
The primary measures for realizing the carbon peak-reaching target are to reduce the use of fossil energy and increase the utilization of green renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power and the like. In recent years, the state clearly indicates that the energy storage technology needs to be developed vigorously, and compressed air energy storage is a large-scale physical energy storage technology and has a wide application prospect.
The earth has abundant geothermal resources, the total capacity of which is at the head of all renewable energy sources, and huge application and development space. The hot dry rock is one kind of geothermal energy, usually exists in solid rock with a certain depth underground, the stored thermal energy is considerable, but the development difficulty is large, and an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) based on hydraulic fracturing or other reservoir excitation technologies is needed to extract the energy in the hot dry rock, so that the exploitation cost is greatly increased.
The technology combining compressed air energy storage and geothermal exploitation has not been reported at home and abroad, and how to realize the purpose of energy storage in the renewable energy exploitation process has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system, which can simultaneously store compressed air energy in the process of geothermal exploitation, realize the purpose of simultaneous exploitation and simultaneous storage and effectively improve the use value and the economic benefit of the system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system comprises a compressed air energy storage system and an enhanced geothermal exploitation system;
the compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor and a compressed air energy storage generator set, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is communicated with an artificial underground heat storage structure through an air vent pipeline, the air vent pipeline is communicated with an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set, and the artificial underground heat storage structure is an underground crack grid structure formed in underground dry and hot rock through blasting and drilling;
the enhanced geothermal exploitation system comprises a ground cold water reservoir, a ground hot water reservoir, a heat exchange system and a geothermal power generating set, wherein the artificial underground heat storage structure is respectively communicated with the ground cold water reservoir and the ground hot water reservoir through a water pipeline, the ground hot water reservoir is communicated with the ground cold water reservoir through a water pipeline, the water pipeline is provided with the heat exchange system, and an outlet of the heat exchange system is respectively communicated with air inlets of the geothermal power generating set and the compressed air energy storage power generating set;
the air compressor, the compressed air energy storage generator set and the geothermal generator set are respectively connected with a power grid;
when the coupling system is operated for the first time, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir flows into the artificial underground heat storage structure through the water passing pipeline, and the cold water flows through the artificial underground heat storage structure to be changed into hot water under the driving of high water head pressure, so that the geothermal heat collection process is completed;
in the energy storage stage, surplus energy in a power grid is used for driving an air compressor to generate high-pressure air, the high-pressure air enters an artificial underground heat storage structure along a ventilation pipeline, hot water stored in the artificial underground heat storage structure is driven by the high-pressure air to flow into a ground hot water reservoir through a water pipeline, the hot water in the ground hot water reservoir extracts heat through a heat exchange system, most of the heat extracted by the heat exchanger enters a geothermal generator set to generate electricity, and the rest of the heat enters the compressed air energy storage generator set to be stored as heat supplementing heat of the compressed air energy storage system in the energy release stage, so that compressed air energy storage and geothermal electricity generation processes are completed;
in the energy releasing stage, high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure is released, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir is injected into the artificial underground heat storage structure through the water pipeline, at the moment, the high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure is discharged into the compressed air energy storage generator set along the air pipeline, and the compressed air energy storage generator set is driven to generate electricity after the stored heat is supplemented, so that the compressed air energy storage electricity generation process is completed.
The operation process of the compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system in one cycle is as follows: cold water in the ground cold water reservoir enters the crack grids of the artificial underground heat storage structure to absorb heat and turns into hot water → high-pressure air enters the crack grids of the artificial underground heat storage structure and presses the hot water to the ground hot water reservoir → the hot water releases heat energy through a heat exchange system and drives the geothermal power generating set to generate power → when the high-pressure air is released, the cold water in the ground cold water reservoir enters the crack grids of the artificial underground heat storage structure again to fill a space for discharging the hot high-pressure air → the hot high-pressure air drives the air energy storage generating set to generate power.
The invention takes a huge artificial underground heat storage structure formed in the process of geothermal exploitation as a heat exchange medium between the underground dry-hot rock and a working medium, and simultaneously takes the artificial underground heat storage structure as a gas storage space of the compressed gas energy storage system. The invention creatively combines the compressed air energy storage system and the enhanced geothermal exploitation system into one system, can simultaneously store compressed air energy in the process of geothermal exploitation, realizes the purpose of 'mining while storing', effectively improves the use value and economic benefit of the system, conforms to the national energy policy of carbon reduction and emission reduction, and has important significance for realizing the goals of 'carbon peak reaching' and 'carbon neutralization'.
Preferably, a first horizontal roadway and a second horizontal roadway are respectively excavated at the upper side and the lower side of the artificial underground heat storage structure, the first horizontal roadway and the second horizontal roadway are respectively communicated with the artificial underground heat storage structure, a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are respectively excavated at the left side and the right side of the artificial underground heat storage structure, the first horizontal roadway is communicated with the first vertical shaft, the second horizontal roadway is communicated with the second vertical shaft, the ventilation pipeline penetrates through the first vertical shaft and extends into the first horizontal roadway, and the water pipeline penetrates through the second vertical shaft and extends into the second horizontal roadway.
Preferably, a first concrete sealing plug is arranged between the outer side of the ventilation pipeline and the inner side wall of the first horizontal roadway, and a second concrete sealing plug is arranged between the outer side of the water pipeline and the inner side wall of the second horizontal roadway. The first concrete sealing plug and the second concrete sealing plug are used for preventing high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure from diffusing outwards along the first vertical shaft and the second vertical shaft, and energy loss is reduced.
Preferably, a first valve is installed between an air outlet of the air compressor and the vent pipeline, a second valve is installed between the vent pipeline and an air inlet of the compression energy storage generator set, a third valve is installed between a water pipeline and an inlet of the ground cold water reservoir, a fourth valve is installed between the water pipeline and an inlet of the ground hot water reservoir, an outlet of the heat exchange system is communicated with the air inlet of the compression energy storage generator set through a heat supplementing pipeline, and a fifth valve is installed on the heat supplementing pipeline. The circulating operation of the whole coupling system can be better controlled through the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve, and the automatic switching of the coupling system among different operation stages is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention creatively combines the compressed air energy storage system and the enhanced geothermal exploitation system into one system, can simultaneously store compressed air energy in the process of geothermal exploitation, realizes the purpose of 'mining while storing', effectively improves the use value and economic benefit of the system, conforms to the national energy policy of carbon reduction and emission reduction, and has important significance for realizing the goals of 'carbon peak reaching' and 'carbon neutralization'.
(2) The compressed air energy storage system is essentially a normal pressure compressed air energy storage system, and the pressure of the compressed air energy storage system is kept unchanged in the energy storage process or the energy release process, so that the smooth output of energy is facilitated, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.
(3) The air stored underground can avoid the loss of self heat energy, and can be further heated by the dry hot rock, and the hot high-pressure air is output in the energy release stage, so that the compressed air energy storage system does not need afterburning in the power generation stage, and the whole process can realize carbon-free emission.
(4) The artificial underground heat storage structure formed by blasting and drilling is used as the heat storage fracturing system, and compared with a hydraulic fracturing mode adopted by the traditional EGS system, the artificial underground heat storage fracturing system is easier to control, has a larger heat collection area, and can reduce the influence on the environment and reduce the risk of inducing earthquakes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal mining coupled system according to an embodiment (arrows in the figure indicate transfer of electric energy).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation coupling system of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a compressed air energy storage system and an enhanced geothermal exploitation system; the compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor 1 and a compressed air energy storage generator set 2, an air outlet of the air compressor 1 is communicated with an artificial underground heat storage structure 4 through an air pipeline 3, the air pipeline 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set 2, and the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is an underground crack grid structure formed in underground dry-hot rock through blasting and drilling; the enhanced geothermal exploitation system comprises a ground cold water reservoir 5, a ground hot water reservoir 6, a heat exchange system 7 and a geothermal power generator set 8, wherein an artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is respectively communicated with the ground cold water reservoir 5 and the ground hot water reservoir 6 through a water pipeline 9, the ground hot water reservoir 6 is communicated with the ground cold water reservoir 5 through a water pipeline 10, the water pipeline 10 is provided with the heat exchange system 7, and an outlet of the heat exchange system 7 is respectively communicated with air inlets of the geothermal power generator set 8 and the compressed air energy storage power generator set 2; the air compressor 1, the compressed air energy storage generator set 2 and the geothermal generator set 8 are respectively connected with an electric network 11.
In the embodiment, a first horizontal roadway 12 and a second horizontal roadway 13 are respectively excavated at the upper side and the lower side of the artificial underground heat storage structure 4, the first horizontal roadway 12 and the second horizontal roadway 13 are respectively communicated with the artificial underground heat storage structure 4, a first vertical shaft 14 and a second vertical shaft 15 are respectively excavated at the left side and the right side of the artificial underground heat storage structure 4, the first horizontal roadway 12 is communicated with the first vertical shaft 14, the second horizontal roadway 13 is communicated with the second vertical shaft 15, the ventilation pipeline 3 penetrates through the first vertical shaft 14 and extends into the first horizontal roadway 12, and the water pipeline 9 penetrates through the second vertical shaft 15 and extends into the second horizontal roadway 13; a first concrete sealing plug 16 is arranged between the outer side of the air pipeline 3 and the inner side wall of the first horizontal roadway 12, and a second concrete sealing plug 17 is arranged between the outer side of the water pipeline 9 and the inner side wall of the second horizontal roadway 13.
In this embodiment, a first valve 18 is installed between the air outlet of the air compressor 1 and the ventilation pipeline 3, a second valve 19 is installed between the ventilation pipeline 3 and the air inlet of the compression energy storage generator set 2, a third valve 20 is installed between the water pipeline 9 and the inlet of the ground cold water storage 5, a fourth valve 21 is installed between the water pipeline 9 and the inlet of the ground hot water storage 6, the outlet of the heat exchange system 7 is communicated with the air inlet of the compression energy storage generator set 2 through a heat supplementing pipeline 22, and a fifth valve 23 is installed on the heat supplementing pipeline 22.
The construction process of the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly excavating a first vertical shaft 14, a second vertical shaft 15, a first horizontal roadway 12, a second horizontal roadway 13 and other structures, blasting the roadways in a direction perpendicular to the first horizontal roadway 12 and the second horizontal roadway 13, and drilling holes to loosen and collapse surrounding rocks, so that the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is formed.
The specific operation process of the coupling system is as follows: when the coupling system operates for the first time, the third valve 20 is opened, the other valves are kept in a closed state, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir 5 flows into the second horizontal roadway 13 through the water passing pipeline 9 and enters the artificial underground heat storage structure 4, the cold water flows through the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 under the driving of high water head pressure to become hot water, and the third valve 20 is closed, so that the geothermal heat collection process is completed; in the energy storage stage, the first valve 18, the fourth valve 21 and the fifth valve 23 are opened, the other valves are kept in a closed state, the air compressor 1 is driven by surplus energy in the power grid 11 to generate high-pressure air, the high-pressure air enters the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 along the air pipeline 3, hot water stored in cracks of the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 flows into the ground hot water reservoir 6 through the water pipeline 9 under the driving of the high-pressure air, the hot water in the ground hot water reservoir 6 extracts heat through the heat exchange system 7, most of the heat extracted by the heat exchanger enters the geothermal generator set 8 through the heat supplementing pipeline 22 to generate electricity, the rest heat enters the compressed air energy storage generator set 2 to be used as the heat supplementing heat of the compressed air energy storage system in the energy release stage for storage, and the first valve 18, the fourth valve 21 and the fifth valve 23 are closed, so that the compressed air energy storage and geothermal power generation processes are completed; in the energy releasing stage, the third valve 20 and the second valve 19 are opened, the other valves are kept in a closed state, high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is released, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir 5 is injected into the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 through the water pipeline 9, at the moment, the high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure 4 is discharged into the compressed air energy storage generator set 2 along the ventilation pipeline 3, the compressed air energy storage generator set 2 is driven to generate power after the stored heat is supplemented, and the third valve 20 and the second valve 19 are closed, so that the compressed air energy storage power generation process is completed. The above is the operation flow of the coupling system of the present invention in one cycle, and the rest cycles are repeated.
Claims (4)
1. The coupling system for compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation is characterized by comprising a compressed air energy storage system and an enhanced geothermal exploitation system;
the compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor and a compressed air energy storage generator set, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is communicated with an artificial underground heat storage structure through an air vent pipeline, the air vent pipeline is communicated with an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set, and the artificial underground heat storage structure is an underground crack grid structure formed in underground dry and hot rock through blasting and drilling;
the enhanced geothermal exploitation system comprises a ground cold water reservoir, a ground hot water reservoir, a heat exchange system and a geothermal power generating set, wherein the artificial underground heat storage structure is respectively communicated with the ground cold water reservoir and the ground hot water reservoir through a water pipeline, the ground hot water reservoir is communicated with the ground cold water reservoir through a water pipeline, the water pipeline is provided with the heat exchange system, and an outlet of the heat exchange system is respectively communicated with air inlets of the geothermal power generating set and the compressed air energy storage power generating set;
the air compressor, the compressed air energy storage generator set and the geothermal generator set are respectively connected with a power grid;
when the coupling system is operated for the first time, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir flows into the artificial underground heat storage structure through the water passing pipeline, and the cold water flows through the artificial underground heat storage structure to be changed into hot water under the driving of high water head pressure, so that the geothermal heat collection process is completed;
in the energy storage stage, surplus energy in a power grid is used for driving an air compressor to generate high-pressure air, the high-pressure air enters an artificial underground heat storage structure along a ventilation pipeline, hot water stored in the artificial underground heat storage structure is driven by the high-pressure air to flow into a ground hot water reservoir through a water pipeline, the hot water in the ground hot water reservoir extracts heat through a heat exchange system, most of the heat extracted by the heat exchanger enters a geothermal generator set to generate electricity, and the rest of the heat enters the compressed air energy storage generator set to be stored as heat supplementing heat of the compressed air energy storage system in the energy release stage, so that compressed air energy storage and geothermal electricity generation processes are completed;
in the energy releasing stage, high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure is released, cold water in the ground cold water reservoir is injected into the artificial underground heat storage structure through the water pipeline, at the moment, the high-pressure air in the artificial underground heat storage structure is discharged into the compressed air energy storage generator set along the air pipeline, and the compressed air energy storage generator set is driven to generate electricity after the stored heat is supplemented, so that the compressed air energy storage electricity generation process is completed.
2. The coupling system for compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first horizontal tunnel and a second horizontal tunnel are excavated at an upper side and a lower side of the artificial underground heat storage structure, the first horizontal tunnel and the second horizontal tunnel are respectively communicated with the artificial underground heat storage structure, a first shaft and a second shaft are respectively excavated at a left side and a right side of the artificial underground heat storage structure, the first horizontal tunnel is communicated with the first shaft, the second horizontal tunnel is communicated with the second shaft, the ventilation pipeline penetrates through the first shaft and extends into the first horizontal tunnel, and the water pipeline penetrates through the second shaft and extends into the second horizontal tunnel.
3. The coupling system for compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation according to claim 2, wherein a first concrete sealing plug is arranged between the outer side of the ventilation pipeline and the inner side wall of the first horizontal roadway, and a second concrete sealing plug is arranged between the outer side of the water pipeline and the inner side wall of the second horizontal roadway.
4. The coupling system for compressed air energy storage and enhanced geothermal exploitation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first valve is installed between an air outlet of the air compressor and the ventilation pipeline, a second valve is installed between the ventilation pipeline and an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set, a third valve is installed between the water pipeline and an inlet of the ground cold water reservoir, a fourth valve is installed between the water pipeline and an inlet of the ground hot water reservoir, an outlet of the heat exchange system is communicated with an air inlet of the compressed air energy storage generator set through a heat supplementing pipeline, and a fifth valve is installed on the heat supplementing pipeline.
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| US11955782B1 (en) | 2022-11-01 | 2024-04-09 | Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc | System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power |
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