CN114015151A - Polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage - Google Patents

Polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114015151A
CN114015151A CN202111264978.5A CN202111264978A CN114015151A CN 114015151 A CN114015151 A CN 114015151A CN 202111264978 A CN202111264978 A CN 202111264978A CN 114015151 A CN114015151 A CN 114015151A
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polypropylene
stretching
capacitor film
temperature
breakdown voltage
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华玲萍
胡忠胜
王汝文
谢成
余淼
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Anhui Feida Electrical Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Feida Electrical Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/33Thin- or thick-film capacitors 
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12Polypropene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/34Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
    • C08K5/3412Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
    • C08K5/3432Six-membered rings
    • C08K5/3437Six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings

Abstract

The invention discloses a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is obtained by blending and extruding raw materials comprising isotactic polypropylene and beta-nucleating agent by an extruder and synchronously stretching by biaxial stretching equipment; wherein the isotactic polypropylene is also subjected to a pre-crystallization treatment before being blended and extruded by an extruder. The polypropylene capacitor film has high oil immersion property and high voltage resistance.

Description

Polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of capacitor films, and particularly relates to a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage.
Background
The main raw materials of the film capacitor are capacitor film, metal material, resin material, lead and tab material, and case material, wherein the capacitor film accounts for about 2/3 of the total raw material cost, and the polypropylene capacitor film is the most common. The polypropylene capacitor film is generally prepared by a biaxial stretching process, the requirement on the quality of raw materials is high, and the quality of the raw materials directly influences the quality of the capacitor film and the capacitor. Therefore, in the BOPP film industry, the capacitor film has higher added value compared with the common packaging film, and the raw material price is relatively higher.
The high-voltage and low-voltage power capacitors require the polypropylene capacitor film not only to have higher breakdown voltage value due to the process and the use characteristics, but also require the surface to have certain roughness so as to meet the requirement of oil immersion performance of the power capacitor, thereby ensuring that the capacitor oil can be completely immersed into the capacitor element core, removing residual gas in the core and ensuring good heat dissipation and electrical insulation of the capacitor. When the surface roughness is small and the porosity is small, the breakdown voltage is improved, but the requirement of oil immersion in the manufacturing process of the capacitor cannot be met; when the surface roughness is large and the void ratio is large, although the requirement of oil immersion in the manufacturing process of the capacitor can be met, the breakdown voltage of the capacitor is reduced, and the number of electric weak points is increased, so that the two performance indexes of manufacturing the polypropylene capacitor film need to reach a balance (namely, the breakdown voltage and the surface roughness simultaneously meet the performance indexes required by the capacitor).
In the production technology of the BOPP film for the multilayer composite structure capacitor disclosed in the prior art CN102049859A, a raw material with high alpha-crystal crystallinity and a raw material with high beta-crystal crystallinity are used in layers to obtain a BOPP film with rough surface and high voltage resistance, but the compatibility of the two raw materials is poor, and the BOPP film with ideal effect is difficult to obtain in actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a polypropylene capacitor film having a high breakdown voltage, which has both high oil immersion property and high voltage resistance.
The invention provides a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is obtained by blending and extruding raw materials comprising isotactic polypropylene and beta-nucleating agent by an extruder and synchronously stretching by biaxial stretching equipment;
wherein the isotactic polypropylene is also subjected to a pre-crystallization treatment before being blended and extruded by an extruder.
In the polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, isotactic polypropylene and beta-nucleating agent are adopted as raw materials for co-extrusion and stretching, on one hand, the isotactic polypropylene has high stereoregularity and good crystallinity, and the isotactic polypropylene is subjected to alpha crystallization pretreatment in advance before co-extrusion, so that the content of alpha crystals in the obtained product is improved, the structure is compact, the molecular chain arrangement is tighter, and the voltage resistance of the obtained product can be effectively improved; on the other hand, the invention also adds beta-nucleating agent to blend with isotactic polypropylene, thus leading the isotactic polypropylene to generate beta crystals moderately in the amorphous area part without alpha crystal transformation, leading the surface of the obtained product to be roughened finely and moderately, and ensuring the surface roughness of the obtained capacitor film.
Preferably, the pre-crystallization treatment temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the time is 5-20 min.
The temperature and time of the pre-crystallization treatment can be controlled, the isotactic polypropylene can be controlled to be subjected to alpha crystallization before extrusion processing, so that the sufficient alpha crystal amount in subsequent products is ensured, and the over-induced transformation of the beta-nucleating agent is avoided.
Preferably, the isotactic polypropylene has an isotacticity of 96% or more, an ash content of 10 to 30ppm, and a melt flow rate of 1.0 to 5.0g/10 min.
The degree of crystallization of the raw material can be effectively improved by controlling the isotacticity, the melt flow rate and the ash content of the isotactic polypropylene.
Preferably, the beta-nucleating agent is 5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-dione or quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-6, 7, 13, 14(5H, 12H) -tetraone.
The polypropylene capacitor film with moderate roughness is obtained by adding a specific kind of beta-nucleating agent to induce moderate beta crystallization.
Preferably, the beta-nucleating agent is used in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by mass of the isotactic polypropylene.
Preferably, the extrusion temperature is 240-.
Preferably, the stretching comprises longitudinal stretching and transverse stretching;
preferably, the preheating temperature of the longitudinal stretching is 120-140 ℃, the stretching temperature is 150-160 ℃, the stretching ratio is 4-6, and the setting temperature is 140-150 ℃;
preferably, the preheating temperature of the transverse stretching is 160-170 ℃, the stretching temperature is 150-160 ℃, the stretching ratio is 8-10, and the setting temperature is 160-170 ℃.
Preferably, the polypropylene capacitor film having a high breakdown voltage has a thickness of 1 to 8 μm.
The invention also provides a metallized polypropylene capacitor film which is prepared by evaporating metal on the surface of the polypropylene capacitor film.
In the invention, a proper amount of beta-nucleating agent is mixed in the pre-crystallized isotactic polypropylene, so that some beta crystals can be properly generated in the capacitor film, and the voltage resistance of the obtained capacitor film is ensured and the processing adaptability and oil immersion are satisfied.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples, but these examples should be explicitly mentioned for illustration, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is prepared by the following method:
heating polypropylene with isotacticity of 98.5%, ash content of 20ppm and melt index of 3.1g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) to 140 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain pre-crystallized polypropylene; adding the pre-crystallized polypropylene and a beta-nucleating agent (5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-diketone) accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled to be 250 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 100 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at the preheating temperature of 130 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 5.2, the setting temperature of 145 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at the preheating temperature of 165 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 8.9 and the setting temperature of 165 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.0 mu m.
Example 2
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is prepared by the following method:
heating polypropylene with isotacticity of 98.5%, ash content of 20ppm and melt index of 3.1g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) to 130 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain pre-crystallized polypropylene; adding the pre-crystallized polypropylene and a beta-nucleating agent (5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-diketone) accounting for 0.05 percent of the mass of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled at 260 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 105 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching, wherein the preheating temperature is 120 ℃, the stretching temperature is 160 ℃, the stretching magnification is 4.5, the setting temperature is 140 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching, the preheating temperature is 170 ℃, the stretching temperature is 150 ℃, the stretching magnification is 9.5, and the setting temperature is 170 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.7 mu m.
Example 3
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is prepared by the following method:
heating polypropylene with isotacticity of 98.5%, ash content of 20ppm and melt index of 3.1g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain pre-crystallized polypropylene; adding the pre-crystallized polypropylene and a beta-nucleating agent (5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-diketone) accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled at 240 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 100 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at a preheating temperature of 140 ℃, a stretching temperature of 150 ℃, a stretching multiplying factor of 5.9, a shaping temperature of 150 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at a preheating temperature of 160 ℃, a stretching multiplying factor of 8.1 and a shaping temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.5 mu m.
Example 4
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is prepared by the following method:
heating polypropylene with isotacticity of 97.8%, ash content of 20ppm and melt index of 2.2g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) to 140 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain pre-crystallized polypropylene; adding the pre-crystallized polypropylene and beta-nucleating agent (quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-6, 7, 13, 14(5H, 12H) -tetrone) with the mass of 0.1 percent of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled to be 250 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 105 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at the preheating temperature of 130 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 5.6, the setting temperature of 145 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at the preheating temperature of 165 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 8.7 and the setting temperature of 165 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 4.9 mu m.
Example 5
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage, which is prepared by the following method:
heating polypropylene with isotacticity of 99.0%, ash content of 30ppm and melt index of 1.8g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) to 140 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain pre-crystallized polypropylene; adding the pre-crystallized polypropylene and a beta-nucleating agent (5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-diketone) accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled to be 250 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 105 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at the preheating temperature of 130 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 5.5, the shaping temperature of 145 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at the preheating temperature of 165 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 9.1 and the shaping temperature of 165 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.3 mu m.
Comparative example 1
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film, which is prepared by the following method:
adding polypropylene with isotacticity of 98.5%, ash content of 20ppm and melt index of 3.1g/10min (obtained according to GB/T3682-2000 standard test) into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is controlled to be 250 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 100 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at the preheating temperature of 130 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 5.2, the setting temperature of 145 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at the preheating temperature of 165 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 8.9 and the setting temperature of 165 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.1 mu m.
Comparative example 2
This example proposes a polypropylene capacitor film, which is prepared by the following method:
adding polypropylene with the isotacticity of 98.5%, the ash content of 20ppm and the melt index of 3.1g/10min (obtained by testing according to GB/T3682-2000 standard) and a beta-nucleating agent (5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-diketone) accounting for 0.1% of the mass of the polypropylene into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion by using the extruder, and controlling the extrusion temperature to be 250 ℃ to obtain a flaky melt;
and cooling the obtained sheet melt by using a cooling roller and a sheet casting air knife to cast a sheet, controlling the temperature of the cooling roller to be 100 ℃, and controlling the gas temperature of the sheet casting air knife to be consistent with that of the cooling roller to obtain a cast sheet with the same double-sided crystallinity, performing bidirectional synchronous stretching on the cast sheet by adopting film bidirectional stretching equipment, and performing longitudinal stretching at the preheating temperature of 130 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 5.2, the setting temperature of 145 ℃, and then performing transverse stretching at the preheating temperature of 165 ℃, the stretching temperature of 155 ℃, the stretching magnification of 8.9 and the setting temperature of 165 ℃ to obtain the polypropylene capacitor film with the thickness of 5.1 mu m.
And (3) performance testing:
the polypropylene capacitor films obtained in the examples and comparative examples were as described in GB/T13542.2-2009 part 2 of film for electrical insulation: test methods ", the test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 Properties of Polypropylene capacitors obtained in examples and comparative examples
Figure BDA0003326746960000081
Figure BDA0003326746960000091
As can be seen from the above table, the polypropylene capacitor films according to the examples have not only moderate roughness but also high dielectric breakdown voltage values.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage is characterized in that the capacitor film is obtained by blending and extruding raw materials comprising isotactic polypropylene and a beta-nucleating agent through an extruder and synchronously stretching the raw materials through biaxial stretching equipment;
wherein the isotactic polypropylene is also subjected to a pre-crystallization treatment before being blended and extruded by an extruder.
2. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-crystallization treatment temperature is 130-150 ℃ and the time is 5-20 min.
3. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the isotactic polypropylene has an isotacticity of 96% or more, an ash content of 10 to 30ppm, and a melt flow rate of 1.0 to 5.0g/10 min.
4. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the β -nucleating agent is 5, 12-dihydro-quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-7, 14-dione or quino [2, 3-b ] acridine-6, 7, 13, 14(5H, 12H) -tetrone.
5. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the amount of the β -nucleating agent is 0.01 to 1% by mass of the isotactic polypropylene.
6. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the extrusion temperature is 240-260 ℃.
7. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the stretching comprises a machine direction stretching and a transverse direction stretching;
preferably, the preheating temperature of the longitudinal stretching is 120-140 ℃, the stretching temperature is 150-160 ℃, the stretching ratio is 4-6, and the setting temperature is 140-150 ℃;
preferably, the preheating temperature of the transverse stretching is 160-170 ℃, the stretching temperature is 150-160 ℃, the stretching ratio is 8-10, and the setting temperature is 160-170 ℃.
8. The polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polypropylene capacitor film with high breakdown voltage has a thickness of 1 to 8 μm.
9. A metallized polypropylene capacitor film, which is produced by vapor-depositing a metal on the surface of the polypropylene capacitor film according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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CN114395193A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-04-26 安徽飞达电气科技有限公司 Polypropylene film and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20220208