CN114014594A - All-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
All-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229920003041 geopolymer cement Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002986 polymer concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBWKWDNEHWZRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O.O.[Al+3] Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O.O.[Al+3] NBWKWDNEHWZRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/022—Carbon
- C04B14/026—Carbon of particular shape, e.g. nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/48—Metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geopolymer concrete, in particular to full-solid waste ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete and a preparation method thereof. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of aggregate, 70-80 parts of cementing materials, carbon nanotubes, steel fibers and an alkali activator; the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-35% of fly ash, 50-70% of slag and 5-25% of silica fume; the aggregate is regenerated matrix sand. The geopolymer concrete disclosed by the invention does not need a water reducing agent, and has the advantages of effective utilization of waste resources, low cost, simplicity in preparation and excellent performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization and geopolymer concrete preparation, in particular to full-solid waste ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The geopolymer is a gelled material with an aluminum-oxygen-silicate amorphous net structure, which is generated by mineral polycondensation of a silicon-aluminum inorganic raw material, takes ionic bonds and covalent bonds as main materials and takes Van der Waals bonds as auxiliary materials, and consists of silicon and aluminum tetrahedrons which are alternately bonded by shared oxygen. The hydration reaction of the geopolymer is a process of generating a gel-forming and curable geopolymer by the scission-recombination reaction of a silicon oxygen bond and an aluminum oxygen bond under the action of an alkaline activator and then polymerizing. The geopolymer cementing material product does not need wet curing, has short curing period, rich raw materials, low cost, quick hardening, early strength, corrosion resistance, low heat conductivity and good plasticity, and can be widely applied to quick repair of buildings, special fireproof, waterproof and mildewproof coatings, high-strength composite materials for buildings and the like.
Document 1 ("Wangchun; Loulan; Wanqian, etc.; ultra-high performance steel fiber concrete and its preparation method; publication No. CN 107324712A") discloses a method for improving the compressive strength of concrete by adding steel fibers to cement mortar. Although the compressive strength of concrete is objectively improved by the method, a water reducing agent is required, the stability of the water reducing agent is poor, the water reducing agents produced by different manufacturers have great difference, repeated experiments are often required to determine raw materials which can be used cooperatively, and the method is not favorable for mass production.
Document 2 ("Fusheng of cow, Anyukun, Zhang jin Xia, etc.; a solid waste cementitious material, full solid waste concrete and a method for preparing the same; publication No. CN 112250329A") discloses a method for producing concrete using the solid waste cementitious material. The method uses solid waste materials, improves the cohesiveness of concrete while protecting environment, but can obtain effective experimental results only by respectively and strictly controlling the particle sizes of the converter steel slag micro powder, the carbide slag micro powder and the refining slag micro powder, increases the preparation steps and difficulty, and the manufactured product has poor bending resistance.
In document 3 ("Liuxuan; Trajiwei; Ningwen, etc.; the influence of steel slag powder on the strength of the all-solid waste concrete [ J ]. Metal mine, 2016(10): 189-.
Based on the above, there is a need for a fully solid waste ultra-high performance polymer concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the content, the invention provides the full-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete and the preparation method thereof, which do not need to use a water reducing agent, and have the advantages of effective utilization of waste resources, low manufacturing cost, simple preparation and excellent performance.
According to one technical scheme, the all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of aggregate, 70-80 parts of cementing materials, carbon nanotubes, steel fibers and an alkali activator;
the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-35% of fly ash, 50-70% of slag and 5-25% of silica fume;
the aggregate is regenerated matrix sand.
Too much fly ash will result in too low strength; the slag can flash and solidify when the consumption is too much; and if the consumption of the silica fume is too much, the price is too high, and the product cost is increased.
Further, the adding amount of the carbon nano tube is 1-3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material.
Further, the steel fiber is copper-plated steel fiber, and the addition amount of the copper-plated steel fiber is 0.5-3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material.
Further, the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 300-500 mL.
Furthermore, the aggregate is regenerated matrix sand with the particle size of 0.3-4.75 mm.
Further, Al in the fly ash2O3And SiO2More than 50 wt% and a specific surface area of 600-1000 m2The screen residue of a 45 mu m square hole sieve is less than 1 percent per kg.
Further, the specific surface area of the slag is 350-400 m2Kg, water content less than 1%.
Further, the specific surface area of the silicon ash is 15000-30000 m2/kg。
Further, the carbon fiber tube is a single-layer wall, and the density at room temperature is 1.9-2.2g/cm3。
Further, the length of the copper-plated steel fiber is 13mm, the diameter of the copper-plated steel fiber is 0.2mm, and the density of the copper-plated steel fiber is 7.85g/cm3。
Further, the alkali activator is prepared from 8mol/L NaOH solution and sodium silicate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 3:7, wherein the sodium silicate aqueous solution is Na2O·nSiO2The modulus n is 2-3.5.
According to the second technical scheme, the preparation method of the all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) uniformly stirring the fly ash, the slag, the silica fume and the carbon nano tube at a low speed, adding the aggregate, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid powdery mixture;
(2) adding an alkali activator into the solid powdery mixture under the condition of stirring, adding steel fibers in batches, and uniformly stirring to obtain full-solid waste geopolymer concrete slurry;
(3) and transferring the all-solid-waste geopolymer concrete slurry into a mould, and curing and demoulding after defoaming to obtain the all-solid-waste ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete.
Further, the low-speed stirring in the step (1) is specifically 300-; in the step (2), the steel fibers are added for 3-6 times; and (4) curing for 24 hours at normal temperature under the curing condition in the step (3).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete provided by the invention, the production of geopolymer gelled materials does not need to calcine clinker, so that the production energy consumption and CO can be greatly reduced2The amount of discharge of (c). In addition, the fly ash, the slag and the reclaimed machine-made sand are all derived from industrial building solid waste, so that the waste of the solid waste can be effectively reduced, the sustainability of the building is improved, and an efficient, environment-friendly and energy-saving solution is provided for the treatment after the building is dismantled.
In the all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete provided by the invention, the geopolymer component has extremely high specific surface area compared with other types of gelled materials, and can provide excellent bonding performance. The geopolymer cementing material has no obvious interface transition region, and the pore size distribution tends to be more refined, so that the all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance polymer concrete provided by the invention has extremely high strength, a more compact structure and good impermeability and frost damage resistance.
The all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete provided by the invention uses the alkali geopolymer cementing material represented by fly ash and the alkali geopolymer cementing material represented by slag, and the characteristics of early strength and quick setting are highlighted while the system polymerization degree is improved through the compound use of the two materials, so that in the application of civil engineering, the demolding time can be greatly shortened, the template turnover is accelerated, and the construction speed is increased.
The carbon nano tube used by the all-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete provided by the invention has good mechanical properties, the tensile strength reaches 50-200 GPa, and the tensile strength is at least one order of magnitude higher than that of the conventional graphite fiber; its elastic modulus can reach 1TPa, which is equivalent to that of diamond, about 5 times that of steel. For single-walled carbon nanotubes, the tensile strength is about 800 GPa. Meanwhile, although the structure of the carbon nano tube is similar to that of the high molecular material, the structure of the carbon nano tube is more stable than that of the high molecular material, and the carbon nano tube is the material with the highest specific strength which can be prepared at present. The invention takes other engineering materials as the matrix to prepare the composite material with the carbon nano tube, so that the composite material has good strength, elasticity, fatigue resistance and isotropy, and the performance of the composite material is greatly improved.
The total-solid-waste ultra-high-performance geopolymer concrete provided by the invention uses the copper-plated steel fiber with the length of about 13mm, can better cooperate with geopolymer to improve the bending resistance of the material, and meanwhile, the steel fiber also has better corrosion resistance due to copper plating on the surface, so that the service life of the material is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the present invention using single-walled carbon nanotubes;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the preparation process of the all-solid-waste ultra-high performance polymer concrete of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The raw materials used in the following examples of the invention are as follows:
aggregate: regenerating machine-made sand, wherein the source is a building demolition object, and the machine-made sand is crushed into the grain diameter of 0.3-4.75mm before use;
fly ash: source power plant, Al2O3And SiO250-60 percent of the total weight of the paint, and 600-1000 m of specific surface area2Kg, the residue of a square hole sieve with the size of 45 mu m is less than 1 percent;
slag: drying the iron-making plant until the water content is less than 1%, and grinding the iron-making plant until the specific surface area is 350-400 m2/kg；
Silica fume: the particle distribution range is 0.1-0.3 μm, the specific surface area is 15000-30000 m2/kg；
The carbon nanotube is a single-wall carbon nanotube and purchased in the market, and the schematic view of the microstructure is shown in figure 1; the density at room temperature is 2.1g/cm3；
The steel fiber is surface copper-plated steel fiber, and has a fiber length of 13mm, a diameter of 0.2mm, and a density of 7.85g/cm3；
Alkaline activators: 8mol/L NaOH solution 30% and Na having a modulus n of 1.52O·nSiO2The aqueous solution is compounded.
Example 1
The preparation process schematic diagram of the all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 2;
taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of aggregate, 80 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (1% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); an alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate to the total mass of the cementing material to the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL);
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the fly ash, the slag, the silica fume and the carbon nano tube into a stirrer, stirring at a low speed (300rpm) for 2 minutes, adding the aggregate, and stirring for 1 minute to obtain a solid powdery mixture.
(2) The alkaline activator was slowly added to the mixture while stirring uniformly for 5 minutes.
(3) And (4) screening by using square-hole steel with the aperture of 6mm for 6 times, uniformly screening the steel fibers into the mixture obtained in the step (3), and stirring for 4 minutes to obtain the all-solid-waste geopolymer concrete slurry.
(4) The above all solid waste geopolymer concrete slurry was poured into steel molds of 70.7 × 70.7 × 70.7mm specification, shaken for 60 seconds using a table-type shaker to remove air bubbles, and the surface was trowelled.
(5) And curing for 24 hours at normal temperature to demould, curing for 14 days in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) after demoulding, and performing a compression test by using a concrete sample press, wherein the result shows that the compression strength of the sample is 63 MPa.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the starting materials: 20 parts of aggregate, 80 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 79 MPa.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the starting materials: 20 parts of aggregate, 80 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 85 MPa.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (1% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 77 MPa.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 97 MPa.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 118 MPa.
Example 7
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (15% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 25% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 123 MPa.
Example 8
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (in percentage by mass, 35% of fly ash, 50% of slag and 15% of silica fume), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 97 MPa.
Example 9
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (35% of fly ash, 70% of slag and 5% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material) and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 112 MPa.
Example 10
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3.5% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL).
After demolding, the concrete sample is maintained in an indoor environment with normal temperature, normal pressure and normal humidity (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 70%) for 14 days, and then a concrete sample press is used for carrying out a compression test, so that the compression strength of the sample is 96 MPa.
Example 11
The difference from example 6 is that the raw material carbon nanotubes were omitted, and the compressive strength of the sample was 85 MPa.
Example 12
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (by mass, 40% of fly ash and 60% of slag), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 75 MPa.
Example 13
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (by mass, 40% of silica fume and 60% of slag), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 122 MPa.
Example 14
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (100% of slag), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 105 MPa.
Example 15
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (1% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material) and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 92 MPa.
Example 16
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material) and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 104 MPa.
Example 17
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 30 parts of aggregate, 70 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (3.5% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material) and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 92 MPa.
Example 18
The difference from example 6 is that the carbon nanotubes in the raw material were replaced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes; the results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 107 MPa.
Example 19
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 35 parts of aggregate, 65 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material), and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 103 MPa.
Example 20
The difference from example 6 is that the starting materials: 15 parts of aggregate, 85 parts of cementing material (30% of fly ash, 60% of slag and 10% of silica fume by mass percent), carbon nanotubes (2% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material) and steel fibers (3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material); alkali activator (the proportion of the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator is 1 kg: 400 mL). The results show that the compressive strength of the sample is 123 MPa.
Through the data of the comparative example, the performance of the sample prepared by 30% of the aggregate is obviously better than that of the sample prepared by 20% of the aggregate on the premise of the same addition amount of the steel fiber, and the reason is that a more complete framework system is formed; on the other hand, under the condition of the same proportion of the aggregate, the performance of the test sample is remarkably improved along with the increase of the addition amount of the steel fibers, the reason is the bridging effect of the fibers, but the addition amount of the steel fibers is not too large because the whole workability is influenced by the excessive addition of the steel fibers, and the addition amount of the steel fibers is limited to be 0.5-3 percent. Furthermore, excessive pores are introduced due to excessive addition of the carbon nanotubes, the compactness of the system is reduced due to too little addition, and the fiber bridging level of the system is reduced by replacing the carbon nanotubes with multi-walled carbon nanotubes; the proportion of fly ash, slag and silica fume in the cementing material is changed, so that the setting time and the reaction degree are changed, and the proportion of aggregate and the cementing material is further increased or reduced, so that the skeleton structure of a system is changed, and the performance of a final product is influenced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete is characterized by comprising, by mass, 20-30 parts of aggregate, 70-80 parts of a cementing material, carbon nanotubes, steel fibers and an alkali activator;
the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-35% of fly ash, 50-70% of slag and 5-25% of silica fume;
the aggregate is regenerated matrix sand.
2. The all-solid-waste ultra-high performance polymer concrete according to claim 1,
the adding amount of the carbon nano tube is 1-3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material;
the steel fiber is copper-plated steel fiber, and the addition amount of the copper-plated steel fiber is 0.5-3% of the total volume of the aggregate and the cementing material;
the aggregate, the total mass of the cementing material and the alkali activator are in a proportion of 1 kg: 300-500 mL.
3. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance polymer concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aggregate is regenerated matrix sand with a particle size of 0.3-4.75 mm.
4. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance geopolymer concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein Al in the fly ash is2O3And SiO2More than 50 wt% and a specific surface area of 600-1000 m2Kg, the residue of a square hole sieve with the size of 45 mu m is less than 1 percent;
the specific surface area of the slag is 350-400 m2Kg, water content less than 1%;
the specific surface area of the silicon ash is 15000-30000 m2/kg。
5. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance polymer concrete according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber pipe is a single-layer wall and has a density of 1.9 to 2.2g/cm at room temperature3。
6. The all-solid-waste ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein said copper-plated steel fibers have a length of 13mm, a diameter of 0.2mm and a density of 7.85g/cm3。
7. The all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance polymer concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkali activator is 8mol/L NaOH solution and sodium silicate aqueous solution which are prepared according to a mass ratio of 3: 7.
8. A method for preparing the all-solid-waste ultra-high performance polymer concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly stirring the fly ash, the slag, the silica fume and the carbon nano tube at a low speed, adding the aggregate, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid powdery mixture;
(2) adding an alkali activator into the solid powdery mixture under the condition of stirring, adding steel fibers in batches, and uniformly stirring to obtain full-solid waste geopolymer concrete slurry;
(3) and transferring the all-solid-waste geopolymer concrete slurry into a mould, and curing and demoulding after defoaming to obtain the all-solid-waste ultra-high performance geopolymer concrete.
9. The method for preparing the all-solid-waste ultrahigh-performance polymer concrete as claimed in claim 8, wherein the low-speed stirring in the step (1) is specifically 300-500 r/min; in the step (2), the steel fibers are added for 3-6 times; and (4) curing for 24 hours at normal temperature under the curing condition in the step (3).
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