CN114012690A - Special magnetic hole position marking tool and method - Google Patents
Special magnetic hole position marking tool and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114012690A CN114012690A CN202111463720.8A CN202111463720A CN114012690A CN 114012690 A CN114012690 A CN 114012690A CN 202111463720 A CN202111463720 A CN 202111463720A CN 114012690 A CN114012690 A CN 114012690A
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- Prior art keywords
- skin
- hole
- magnetic
- bolt
- marking
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005292 diamagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
- B25H7/00—Marking-out or setting-out work
- B25H7/04—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
- B25H7/00—Marking-out or setting-out work
- B25H7/04—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking
- B25H7/045—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking characterised by constructional details of the marking elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a special magnetic hole position marking tool and a method, and belongs to the technical field of airplane assembly and manufacturing. On one hand, the invention realizes accurate hole leading of the detachable skin in the closed area, and avoids the phenomena of large difficulty and uncontrollable operation error in the common condition due to the curvature of the skin, invisible profile and auxiliary line drawing of invisible fasteners or welding spots; on the other hand, the operation method reduces the secondary positioning assembly of the detachable structure, improves the production efficiency, is simple, feasible and reliable, and the special magnetic marking hole site tool can be applied to supporting plate nuts with different length specifications and has stronger popularization in practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft assembly and manufacturing, and relates to a magnetic hole site marking tool and a method for confirming a hole site for connecting a special closed area structure with a detachable skin.
Background
In the assembly manufacturing process of modern airplanes, a closed area can be caused to the butt joint of some detachable structures, the upper part connected with the detachable structures is generally a detachable skin, the skin is generally connected with the detachable structures by adopting a countersunk bolt to be matched and connected with a supporting plate nut, the supporting plate nut is installed on the detachable structures, and the position of the supporting plate nut is in the closed area formed by two (or more) detachable structures. At the same time, welding spots for other fasteners (such as rivets) or argon arc welding sometimes exist near the connection of the pallet nut on the detachable structure. Therefore, when the countersunk bolt holes are manufactured, the edge distance of the skin and the multilayer parts on the detachable structure needs to be ensured simultaneously, and the distance requirement between the countersunk bolt holes and adjacent fasteners or welding points on the detachable structure also needs to be ensured.
At present, because of the skin preassemble back of dismantling in the workshop actual operation, lower floor's detachable construction is invisible (blind area), and other fasteners or solder joints on the structure are also invisible, and the position accuracy requirement to the system bolt hole is very high. The production and assembly method adopts a method of disassembling the skin for many times and combining with line drawing, the positions of fasteners or welding points on the structure outline and the lower layer structure are led to the outer side of the skin (note: the outer side refers to the pneumatic surface contacted with air), reference positions are drawn, bolt holes of the skin and the detachable structure are manufactured after the error is confirmed, the skin and the detachable structure assembly are disassembled from the airplane to a workshop auxiliary workbench after the holes are manufactured, the installation of a supporting plate nut is completed, the detachable structure assembly is installed and connected to the airplane after the installation, and finally the installation of the skin is completed.
The disadvantages of this operating method are the following two points: on the one hand, the detachable structure assembly needs to be disassembled and assembled, which is inconvenient and can cause secondary positioning deviation. On the other hand because the influence of covering camber, the operator draws the invisible profile of lower floor and fastener or solder joint position back to the setting-out error in the covering outside at every turn is great, causes certain influence to the precision of the hole site position of bolt hole, has the quality risk that causes bolt hole interval and margin to be out of tolerance on the detachable construction. Therefore, the method and the special tool are provided for solving the problem of hole making of the countersunk bolt hole for connecting the closed region structure and the skin, and the method and the special tool have very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a tool for accurately confirming a countersunk bolt hole connected between a detachable structural component and a detachable skin and marking a hole position under the condition of a closed area formed when the detachable structural component is assembled in an opposite mode.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a special magnetic hole position marking tool comprises a magnetic hole position marking device 2, an auxiliary magnet 1 and an auxiliary inner hexagonal wrench.
The magnetic marking hole site device 2 comprises a special bolt 2-3, a magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 and a water-based line-drawing pen core 2-1. The special bolt 2-3 is made of diamagnetic titanium alloy materials, an external thread is arranged at one end of the special bolt, the special bolt is in threaded connection with the support plate nut through an auxiliary hexagonal wrench, the stroke can be adjusted, and the support plate nuts with different length specifications can be met. The front section of the water-based line marking pen core 2-1 is conical with a sharp point, and the rear section is cylindrical; the material is a non-metal absorbable water-based paint and has certain expansibility and elasticity; the rear section of the magnetic hexagonal guide post is connected with an inner cylindrical hole of the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 in an interference fit manner. The outer diameter of the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 and the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3 are both hexagonal, the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 is installed in the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3 and is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3, the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 can freely slide under the magnetic force action of the auxiliary magnet 1, and the manufacturing precision needs to guarantee the coaxiality requirement between the magnetic hexagonal guide post and the auxiliary magnet, namely the position precision of the marked hole center is guaranteed.
The method for marking hole sites by adopting the tool comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: on the detachable structure assembly, the edge distance of a plurality of layers of parts in the detachable structure assembly and the distance requirement between the parts and nearby fasteners or welding spots are combined under the skin-free state, the center position of a bolt hole is determined by drawing lines, and the hole position can be accurately guaranteed due to the fact that the space is open and can be directly measured.
The second step is that: and a central hole of the support plate nut matched with the bolt is formed in the detachable structure assembly, and the support plate nut matched with the countersunk head bolt is fixedly connected with the detachable structure. The pallet nut is a pallet nut in a closed area formed after the detachable structure is installed.
The third step: the operation method of the special magnetic hole site marking tool provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
the magnetic mark hole position device 2 is installed on a supporting plate nut by using an auxiliary inner hexagonal wrench, after installation, the highest point of a water-based line marking refill in a leading hole structure is required to be ensured not to be higher than the surface of a part, in contact with a skin, of a detachable structure, namely not to be in contact with the inner side (note: the inner side is in contact with the structure, namely a non-pneumatic outer side) of the skin, and the purpose is to avoid that the position of a countersunk bolt hole is marked by mistake in the process of pre-assembling and adjusting a gap step difference between the skin and a peripheral structure.
The fourth step: and after the detachable structure is installed on the airplane, the detachable skin is assembled, and the gap between the skin and the peripheral skin is repaired accurately according to the engineering requirements. And then the magnetic force of the auxiliary magnet 1 is utilized to attract the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 in the special bolt 2-3 to move towards the skin side, and the water-based line drawing pen core 2-1 can mark a countersunk bolt hole point position on the inner side of the skin, so that the purpose of marking a hole position to be manufactured on the inner side of the skin is achieved.
The fifth step: and (5) disassembling and assembling the detachable skin, and making holes in the skin through the hole positions of the marks to complete subsequent operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: on one hand, the invention realizes accurate hole leading of the detachable skin from the inside of the closed area (blind area), and avoids the phenomena of large difficulty in auxiliary line drawing operation and uncontrollable operation error caused by the curvature of the skin, invisible profile and invisible fastener or welding point under the common condition; on the other hand, the operation method of the invention reduces the secondary positioning assembly of the detachable structure, improves the production efficiency, is simple, feasible and reliable, and the special magnetic hole position marking tool can be applied to supporting plate nuts with different length specifications, thus having stronger popularization in practice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a special magnetic hole site marking tool.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic labeling well site device, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A, and (c) is a top view.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first step of confirming the theoretical hole site on the bolt structure.
Fig. 5 is a second schematic view of the installation of a pallet nut mated with a countersunk head bolt to a removable structure.
FIG. 6 is a third schematic view of the installation of the magnetic hole site labeling device to the closed zone pallet nut.
FIG. 7 is a fourth step of the schematic drawing showing the use of the magnetically marked hole site device pilot holes after the skin is installed.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fifth step in which a magnetic hole site marking device marks the hole site on the inner side of the skin.
In the figure: 1 an auxiliary magnet; 2 a magnetic hole position marking device; 2-1 of a water-based line-drawing pen core; 2-2 magnetic hexagonal guide posts; 2-3 special bolts; 3, covering the aircraft skin; 4, a detachable structure A part II; 5, a detachable structure A part I; 6, supporting plate nuts; 7, connecting fasteners of a part I and a part II of a detachable structure A; 8, covering edge distance contour lines; 9 countersunk bolt hole sites; 10 detachable structure a; 11 a detachable structure B; the mating of the detachable structures A, B of 12 forms an enclosed area.
Detailed Description
The following examples and drawings are included to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
As shown in FIG. 1, a special tool for marking hole position magnetically comprises a device 2 for marking hole position magnetically, an auxiliary magnet 1 and an auxiliary inner hexagon wrench.
As shown in figure 2, the magnetic mark hole site device 2 comprises a special bolt 2-3, a magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 and a water-based line-drawing pen core 2-1. Wherein, special bolt 2-3 one end is equipped with the external screw thread, through supplementary hexagonal spanner and layer board nut threaded connection, and adjustable stroke satisfies the layer board nut of different length specifications. The front section of the water-based line marking pen core 2-1 is conical with a sharp point, and the rear section is cylindrical; the material is a non-metal absorbable water-based paint and has certain expansibility and elasticity; the rear section of the magnetic hexagonal guide post is connected with an inner cylindrical hole of the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 in an interference fit manner. The outer diameter of the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 and the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3 are both hexagonal, the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 is installed in the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3 and is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the special bolt 2-3, the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 can freely slide under the magnetic force action of the auxiliary magnet 1, and the manufacturing precision needs to guarantee the coaxiality requirement between the magnetic hexagonal guide post and the auxiliary magnet, namely the position precision of the marked hole center is guaranteed.
The method for marking hole sites by adopting the tool comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: on the detachable structure assembly, the edge distance of multiple layers of parts in the detachable structure assembly and the distance requirement between the parts and nearby fasteners or welding points are combined under the skin-free state, the center position of a bolt hole is determined by drawing lines, and the hole position can be accurately guaranteed due to the fact that the space is open and can be directly measured, and reference is made to the graph 4.
The second step is that: a central hole of the supporting plate nut matched with the bolt is formed in the detachable structure assembly, and the supporting plate nut matched with the countersunk head bolt is fixedly connected with the detachable structure, and refer to fig. 5. The pallet nut is shown as being within the enclosed area formed after the removable structure is installed.
The third step: the magnetic mark hole position device 2 is installed on a supporting plate nut by using an auxiliary inner hexagonal wrench, after installation, the highest point of a water-based line marking refill in a leading hole structure is required to be ensured not to be higher than the surface of a part, in contact with a skin, of a detachable structure, namely not to be in contact with the inner side (note: the inner side is in contact with the structure, namely a non-pneumatic outer side) of the skin, and the purpose is to avoid that the position of a countersunk bolt hole is marked by mistake in the process of pre-assembling and adjusting a gap step difference between the skin and a peripheral structure.
The fourth step: and after the detachable structure is installed on the airplane, the detachable skin is assembled, and the gap between the skin and the peripheral skin is repaired accurately according to the engineering requirements. And then the magnetic hexagonal guide post 2-2 in the special bolt 2-3 is attracted by the magnetic force of the auxiliary magnet 1 to move towards the skin side, and the water-based line drawing pen core 2-1 marks a countersunk bolt hole point position on the inner side of the skin, so that the purpose of marking a hole position to be manufactured on the inner side of the skin is realized, and reference is made to fig. 7.
The fifth step: and (5) disassembling and assembling the detachable skin, and making holes in the skin through the hole positions of the marks to complete subsequent operation, referring to fig. 8.
Claims (3)
1. A special tool for marking hole sites magnetically is characterized by comprising a device (2) for marking hole sites magnetically, an auxiliary magnet (1) and an auxiliary inner hexagonal wrench;
the magnetic mark hole position device (2) comprises a special bolt (2-3), a magnetic hexagonal guide post (2-2) and a water-based line-drawing pen core (2-1); wherein, one end of the special bolt (2-3) is provided with an external thread which is in threaded connection with the supporting plate nut through an auxiliary hexagonal wrench; the front section of the water-based line marking pen core (2-1) is conical with a sharp point, and the rear section is cylindrical; the rear section of the magnetic hexagonal guide post is connected with an inner cylindrical hole of the magnetic hexagonal guide post (2-2) in an interference fit manner; the magnetic hexagonal guide post (2-2) is arranged in an inner hole of the special bolt (2-3), and the magnetic hexagonal guide post and the special bolt are in clearance fit; the magnetic hexagonal guide post (2-2) slides freely under the magnetic force of the auxiliary magnet (1).
2. A special magnetic marking hole site tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the special bolt (2-3) is made of diamagnetic titanium alloy material; the water-based line drawing pen core (2-1) is made of nonmetal absorbable water-based paint and has expansibility and elasticity.
3. A method for marking a well site using the dedicated magnetic marking tool of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: on the detachable structure assembly, under the condition of no skin, the edge distance of a plurality of layers of parts in the detachable structure assembly and the distance requirement between the parts and nearby fasteners or welding points are combined, and the center position of a bolt hole is determined by drawing lines;
the second step is that: a support plate nut central hole matched with the bolt is formed in the detachable structure assembly, and the support plate nut matched with the countersunk head bolt is fixedly connected with the detachable structure;
the third step: the magnetic mark hole position device (2) is installed on a supporting plate nut through an auxiliary inner hexagonal wrench, and after installation, the highest point of the water-based line marking refill (2-1) is guaranteed to be not higher than the surface of a part, contacted with a skin, of a detachable structure, namely not to be contacted with the inner side of the skin, so that the position of a countersunk bolt hole is prevented from being marked by mistake in the process of pre-assembling and adjusting a gap step difference between the skin and a peripheral structure;
the fourth step: after the detachable structure is installed on an airplane, a detachable skin is assembled, and a gap between the skin and the peripheral skin is repaired accurately according to engineering requirements; then, a magnetic hexagonal guide post (2-2) in a special bolt (2-3) is attracted by the magnetic force of the auxiliary magnet (1) to move towards the skin side, and the water-based line drawing pen core (2-1) can mark a countersunk bolt hole point position on the inner side of the skin, so that the purpose of marking a hole position to be manufactured towards the inner side of the skin is achieved;
the fifth step: and (5) disassembling and assembling the detachable skin, and making holes in the skin through the hole positions of the marks to complete subsequent operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111463720.8A CN114012690B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Method for magnetically marking hole sites |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111463720.8A CN114012690B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Method for magnetically marking hole sites |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114012690A true CN114012690A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
| CN114012690B CN114012690B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111463720.8A Active CN114012690B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Method for magnetically marking hole sites |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114888164A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-08-12 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic hole guiding method and device for assembling aircraft skin and framework |
| CN116408686A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-11 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Hole guiding device and hole guiding method based on magnetic force |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114012690B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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