CN114012232A

CN114012232A - Anode assembly, electron gun and electron beam welding machine

Info

Publication number: CN114012232A
Application number: CN202111361047.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭兰衍; 黄洋; 盛锋; 黄以平; 李莎; 秦国鹏; 尹富斌; 宋宜梅; 杨心宇; 陈仲权; 谢威
Original assignee: Guilin Strong Numerical Control Vacuum Equipment Co ltd; China Jianzhong Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guilin Strong Numerical Control Vacuum Equipment Co ltd; China Jianzhong Nuclear Fuel Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-17
Filing date: 2021-11-17
Publication date: 2022-02-08

Abstract

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to an anode assembly, an electron gun and an electron beam welding machine. The anode assembly includes: an anode body and a gas block; the anode body is of a cylindrical structure, an inlet is formed in the upper end of the anode body, an outlet is formed in the lower end of the anode body, a first through hole is formed in the air resistance block along the axial direction, the outer wall of the air resistance block is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the anode body, and an electron beam for welding enters from the inlet, penetrates through the first through hole and is emitted from the outlet; and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the position, between the air blocking block and the inlet, on the side wall of the anode body. The vacuum system of the electron gun on which the anode assembly is mounted can draw the entering metal vapor and fine spattering dust out of the anode body through the plurality of second through holes and prevent the metal vapor and fine spattering dust from continuing to enter the electrostatic field area above the anode, thereby reducing and avoiding the instability of the welding pool caused by the disturbance of the electron beam and prolonging the service life of the electron beam welding machine.

Description

Anode assembly, electron gun and electron beam welding machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to an anode assembly, an electron gun and an electron beam welding machine.

Background

The requirement of the welding seam of the tube seat of the nuclear fuel element is very high, and in the related technology, domestic enterprises mainly adopt an imported electron beam welding machine for welding. But import equipment is 3-6 times of the price of domestic equipment, and the most important is that the maintenance period is very long after the import equipment breaks down, sometimes only a few minor faults, but the time of several months is needed to wait for the import equipment without corresponding spare parts, and in addition, the price of consumables is expensive, the purchase period is long, and various aspects are influenced, etc., so that inconvenience is brought to users.

Therefore, how to reduce the failure rate of the electron beam welding machine, improve the service life of the electron beam welding machine, and improve the welding quality of the electron beam welding machine in the welding process becomes a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

To overcome the problems in the related art, an anode assembly, an electron gun, and an electron beam welding machine are provided.

According to an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an anode assembly including: an anode body and a gas block;

the anode body is of a cylindrical structure, an inlet is formed in the upper end of the anode body, an outlet is formed in the lower end of the anode body, a first through hole is formed in the air resistance block along the axial direction, the outer wall of the air resistance block is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the anode body, and an electron beam for welding enters from the inlet, penetrates through the first through hole and is emitted from the outlet;

and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the position, between the air blocking block and the inlet, on the side wall of the anode body.

In one possible implementation, the anode assembly further comprises a shielding ring;

the shielding ring is annular, the shielding ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the anode body, and the plurality of second through holes are formed between the shielding ring and the air blocking block.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the anode body.

In one possible implementation, the anode assembly further includes: an anode holder;

the anode seat is of a tubular structure, and the outer side of the anode seat is fixedly connected to the position, located at the outlet, of the inner wall of the anode body;

the lower end of the outer wall of the gas block is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the anode seat.

In one possible implementation, the anode assembly further includes: an adjustment pad;

the adjusting pad is of an annular structure, a step portion extending inwards in the radial direction is arranged on the inner wall of the anode seat in the circumferential direction, the adjusting pad is arranged at the top end of the step portion, and the bottom end of the air blocking block presses against the upper end of the adjusting pad.

In one possible implementation, the shielding ring is screwed to the outside of the anode body.

In a possible implementation manner, the air blocking block is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the anode body.

In a possible implementation manner, the outer side of the anode seat is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the anode body, and the outer side of the lower end of the air blocking block is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the anode seat.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electron gun including the anode assembly described above.

According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an electron beam welder including the anode assembly described above.

The beneficial effect of this disclosure lies in: the first through hole passing through the gas blocking block is formed, so that an electron beam can be allowed to pass through, and metal steam and fine splash dust generated by welding can be prevented from entering an electrostatic field area above an anode assembly through an inner hole of the anode assembly as much as possible; in addition, when a small amount of metal vapor and fine spattering dust enters between the inlet of the anode assembly and the gas barrier block from the first through hole, the vacuum system of the electron gun installed on the anode assembly can draw the entering metal vapor and fine spattering dust out of the anode body through the plurality of second through holes, and prevent the entering metal vapor and fine spattering dust from continuing to enter the electrostatic field area above the anode, so that the instability of a welding pool caused by the disturbance of the electron beam is reduced and avoided, and the service life of the electron beam welding machine is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anode assembly shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

In the figure;

1. an anode body; 2. a shield ring; 3. a gas block; 4. an adjustment pad; 5. an anode holder.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anode assembly shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the anode assembly may include: an anode body and a gas block;

the anode body 1 is a tubular structure, an inlet is arranged at the upper end of the anode body 1, an outlet is arranged at the lower end of the anode body 1 (it needs to be explained that the anode body 1 with a shape suitable for electron beam welding can be selected according to the requirement of the electron beam welding, the specific shape of the anode body 1 is not limited in the disclosure), a first through hole is arranged on the gas resistance block 3 along the axial direction, the outer wall of the gas resistance block 3 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the anode body 1, the electron beam for welding enters from the inlet, penetrates through the first through hole and is emitted from the outlet, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged on the side wall of the anode body 1 at positions between the gas resistance block 3 and the inlet.

In the welding process of the conventional electron beam welding machine, metal steam and fine dust can be inevitably generated to splash, and the metal steam and the fine dust enter an electrostatic field area above an anode inlet through an inner cavity of the electron gun and the anode, so that the phenomena of vacuum reduction in the electron gun, disturbance of emitted electrons, micro discharge in the electron gun and the like can be caused, and the instability of the electron beam is caused. The instability of the electron beams can bring the instability of a welding pool, and the close fit of the gas barrier block and the anode body can effectively block metal steam and fine dust entering from an outlet in the welding process, and meanwhile, the emission of the electron beams is not influenced.

In addition, the anode assembly of the present disclosure generates an exhaust function through the plurality of second through holes opened in the side wall of the anode body, when a small amount of metal vapor and fine spattering dust enters the position between the inlet of the anode assembly and the air resistor block from the first through hole of the air resistor block, the metal vapor and the fine spattering dust can escape from the plurality of second through holes, and the vacuum system of the electron gun mounted on the anode assembly can draw the entering metal vapor and fine spattering dust out of the anode body through the plurality of second through holes to prevent them from continuing to enter the electrostatic field area above the anode, thereby reducing and avoiding instability of the welding pool caused by disturbance of the electron beam.

In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the anode assembly further comprises a shielding ring 2; the shielding ring is annular, the shielding ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the anode body, and the plurality of second through holes are formed between the shielding ring and the air resistance block.

Since the anode assembly of the electron gun is located in the electrostatic field region of the electron gun, the tips and irregular shapes of the parts in the anode assembly cause malformation of the electric field, resulting in increased local field strength, which easily causes discharge inside the electron gun. The effect of sleeving the shielding ring outside the anode body can protect irregular or pointed parts below the shielding ring, so that the parts are not in a strong electrostatic field area. In addition, since four exhaust holes are designed on the anode body of the anode assembly, the shielding ring can effectively prevent the discharged metal vapor and fine spattering dust from entering the electrostatic field area above the anode body under the condition that the plurality of second through holes of the anode body discharge the metal vapor and the fine spattering dust.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the anode body. Therefore, the stability of the fluid for discharging the discharged metal vapor and the fine splash dust can be effectively improved, and the disturbance of the discharged fluid is reduced.

In one possible implementation, the anode assembly further includes: an anode holder 5; the anode seat is of a tubular structure, and the outer side of the anode seat is fixedly connected to the position of the inner wall of the anode body, which is positioned at the outlet; the lower end of the outer wall of the air blocking block is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the anode seat.

In one possible implementation, the anode assembly further includes: an adjustment pad 4; the adjusting pad is of an annular structure, a step part extending inwards in the radial direction is arranged on the inner wall of the anode seat in the circumferential direction, the adjusting pad is arranged at the top end of the step part, and the bottom end of the gas blocking block presses against the upper end of the adjusting pad. Thus, the adjusting pad can fill the gap between the air blocking block and the anode seat, and the stability of the anode assembly is improved.

In one example of application, the assembly of the anode assembly is described as follows:

the anode assembly consists of an anode body, a shielding ring, a gas block, an adjusting pad and an anode seat. The shielding ring is screwed above the external thread of the anode body through threads, the adjusting pad is placed in the concave hole with the internal thread above the anode seat, the lower part of the gas barrier block is screwed on the internal thread of the concave hole above the anode seat through the threads and is locked, and the upper part of the gas barrier block is screwed on the internal thread at the middle part of the anode body. Four exhaust holes (an example of the second through hole) are formed in the side wall of the anode body, and the metal vapor and the fine spattering dust which have entered the anode body can be pumped out through the four exhaust holes by a vacuum pump. The gas barrier block can be adjusted to a proper position by selecting an adjusting pad with proper thickness, so that the first through hole in the center of the gas barrier block allows electron beams to pass through smoothly and prevents metal steam and fine splash dust from entering the anode body as much as possible.

In one possible implementation, there is provided an electron gun comprising an anode assembly according to any one of the above.

In one possible implementation, an electron beam welder is provided that includes the anode assembly described above.

It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the specific type and connection structure of the electron gun and the electron beam welding machine.

Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An anode assembly, comprising: an anode body and a gas block;

2. An anode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the anode assembly further comprises a shield ring;

3. An anode assembly according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of second through holes are evenly distributed on said anode body side wall.

4. An anode assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: an anode holder;

5. An anode assembly according to claim 4, further comprising: an adjustment pad;

6. An anode assembly according to claim 2, wherein the shield ring is threaded externally of the anode body.

7. An anode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the gas block is threaded to the inner wall of the anode body.

8. An anode assembly according to claim 5, wherein the outer side of the anode holder is screw-connected to the inner wall of the anode body, and the outer side of the lower end of the gas block is screw-connected to the inner wall of the anode holder.

9. An electron gun, characterized in that it comprises an anode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electron beam welder, characterized in that it comprises an anode assembly according to any of claims 1 to 8, or an electron gun according to claim 9.