CN114012011A - Closed forging die for gear - Google Patents
Closed forging die for gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN114012011A CN114012011A CN202111413679.3A CN202111413679A CN114012011A CN 114012011 A CN114012011 A CN 114012011A CN 202111413679 A CN202111413679 A CN 202111413679A CN 114012011 A CN114012011 A CN 114012011A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a gear closed forging mould for make straight bevel gear forging of taking back of body awl structure, a serial communication port, the gear closed forging mould includes: the cross section of the first male die is circular, and the center line of the first male die is parallel to the die opening and closing direction; the floating female die is connected to the first male die in a sliding mode and moves close to or far away from the first male die along the die opening and closing direction; the elastic piece is elastically abutted with the floating female die so that the floating female die has a tendency of moving away from the first male die; the diameter of the first male die is matched with the diameter of a large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging. The closed forging die for the gear is reliable in die assembly, ensures that the straight bevel gear forging has no flash, has small machining allowance of the back cone, and is favorable for improving the material utilization rate and the machining production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of straight bevel gear manufacturing, in particular to a gear closed forging die for manufacturing a straight bevel gear forging with a back cone structure.
Background
A differential gear of a commercial vehicle is a typical straight bevel gear, generally has a back cone structure, is usually manufactured by adopting an open forging process, a gear forging piece is provided with flash, a trimming die is required to be used for removing the flash, the machining allowance of the back cone is large, and the material utilization rate is low. At present, the domestic differential gear of the commercial vehicle is manufactured by adopting a closed forging process rarely, and for the existing closed forging technology of the differential gear, the problems of large mold closing force and unstable mold closing are generally solved, the material is plugged in a parting surface easily, the flash is generated, and the design requirement of the closed forging process of the differential gear cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the closed forging die for the gear is required to be provided, which is reliable in die assembly and free of flash of a gear forging, aiming at the problems that the existing closed forging die for the differential gear is unstable in die assembly and easy to generate flash.
According to one aspect of the application, a gear closed forging die is provided, including:
the cross section of the first male die is circular, and the center line of the first male die is parallel to the die opening and closing direction;
the floating female die is connected to the first male die in a sliding mode and moves close to or far away from the first male die along the die opening and closing direction;
the elastic piece is elastically abutted with the floating female die so that the floating female die has a tendency of moving away from the first male die;
the diameter of the first male die is matched with the diameter of a large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging.
In one embodiment, the closed gear forging die further comprises a tooth-shaped female die and a second male die penetrating through the tooth-shaped female die;
the second male die and the first male die are arranged oppositely along the die opening and closing direction;
the tooth-shaped female die can be in butt fit with the floating female die so as to drive the floating female die to be close to the first male die along the die opening and closing direction.
In one embodiment, the floating female die comprises a first stress ring and a first inner core embedded in the first stress ring;
the tooth-shaped female die comprises a second stress ring and a second inner core embedded in the second stress ring.
In one embodiment, the gear closed forging die further comprises a die frame, wherein the die frame comprises an upper die plate, a lower die plate, a guide pillar and a guide sleeve;
the upper template and the lower template are oppositely arranged along the die opening and closing direction, the second male die and the tooth-shaped female die are arranged on the upper template, and the first male die and the elastic piece are arranged on the lower template;
the guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the upper template, and the central line of the guide sleeve is parallel to the direction of the opening and closing die;
the guide post is fixedly arranged on the lower template, and the central line of the guide post is parallel to the direction of the opening and closing die;
the guide sleeve is in sliding fit with the guide post, so that the upper template can move close to or far away from the lower template along the opening and closing direction.
In one embodiment, the mold frame further comprises a limiting block fixedly arranged on the lower template;
the limiting block is positioned between the upper template and the lower template so as to support the upper template.
In one embodiment, the elastic member comprises a nitrogen spring and a fixing plate;
the nitrogen spring comprises a cylinder body and a piston which can stretch and retract along the die opening and closing direction relative to the cylinder body;
the cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the lower template through the fixing plate, and the end part of the piston is abutted to the floating female die.
In one embodiment, the floating die is provided with a sliding ring which is in sliding fit with the guide post.
In one embodiment, the floating female die is provided with a guide cylinder which is arranged in a protruding mode along the die opening and closing direction, and the tooth-shaped female die is provided with a guide blind hole corresponding to the guide cylinder;
and the guide cylinder is in sliding fit with the guide blind hole so that the tooth-shaped female die is aligned with the floating female die.
In one embodiment, the outer end surface and the outer side surface of the guide cylinder or the inner end surface and the inner side surface of the guide blind hole are provided with exhaust grooves.
In one embodiment, the gear closed forging die further comprises an ejection mechanism, wherein the ejection mechanism comprises an upper ejector rod and a lower ejector rod;
the upper ejector rod penetrates through the upper template along the die opening and closing direction to push the second male die to eject the straight bevel gear forge piece from the tooth-shaped female die;
the lower ejector rod penetrates through the lower template along the die opening and closing direction to push the first male die to eject the straight bevel gear forge piece from the floating female die.
According to the closed forging die for the gear, the diameter of the first male die is matched with the diameter of the large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging, so that the deformation resistance of a blank is mainly borne by the first male die, the deformation resistance borne by the floating female die is reduced, the elastic force provided by the elastic piece can overcome the deformation resistance borne by the floating female die, and the material blocking of a parting surface is effectively avoided. The closed forging die for the gear is reliable in die assembly, ensures that the straight bevel gear forging has no flash, has small machining allowance of the back cone, and is favorable for improving the material utilization rate and the machining production efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a gear closed forging die according to an embodiment of the present application, where the left side is a sectional view before forging and forming start, and the right side is a sectional view after forging and forming end;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a straight bevel gear forging.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A first male die; 2. floating the female die; 21. a guide cylinder; 22. a first stress ring; 23. a first inner core; 24. a sliding ring; 3. an elastic member; 31. a nitrogen spring; 32. a fixing plate; 4. a tooth-shaped female die; 41. a guide blind hole; 42. a second stress ring; 43. a second inner core; 5. a second male die; 6. a mold frame; 61. mounting a template; 62. a lower template; 63. a guide sleeve; 64. a guide post; 65. a limiting block; 7. an ejection mechanism; 71. an ejector rod is arranged; 72. a tooth-shaped female die base plate; 73. a second punch backing plate; 74. a lower ejector rod; 75. a first male die backing plate; 8. a straight bevel gear forging; 81. a back cone structure; 82. and (5) a die parting surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
At present, a differential gear of a passenger vehicle is usually manufactured by adopting a closed cold forging process, and a differential gear forged piece manufactured by adopting the process has no flash, small back cone processing amount and high material utilization rate.
The modulus of the differential gear of the commercial vehicle is large, so that the differential gear is not suitable for being manufactured by adopting a cold forging process, and is usually manufactured by adopting an open type hot forging process. Particularly for a commercial vehicle differential gear with a back cone structure, the gear forging manufactured by the process has flash which needs to be removed by using a trimming die, and the back cone has large machining allowance and low material utilization rate.
At present, the differential gear of domestic commercial vehicles is manufactured by adopting a closed hot forging process rarely, and is only mentioned in some patent technologies, and for the existing closed hot forging technology of the differential gear, the problems of large mold closing force and unstable mold closing are generally existed, so that the material plugging of a parting surface is easily caused, the flash is generated, and the design requirement of the closed forging process of the differential gear cannot be met.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a closed gear forging die which is reliable in die assembly and free of burrs for a gear forging, aiming at the problems that the conventional closed gear forging die is unstable in die assembly and easy to generate burrs, and the closed gear forging die is used for manufacturing a straight bevel gear forging 8 with a back cone structure 81 shown in fig. 2. The straight bevel gear forging 8 needs machining, installation reference and other features and is subjected to heat treatment subsequently, and a finished product of the straight bevel gear is finally obtained.
Referring to fig. 1, the closed gear forging die in one embodiment of the present application includes a first punch 1, a floating die 2, and an elastic member 3. The cross section of the first male die 1 is circular, and the center line of the first male die 1 is parallel to the die opening and closing direction. The floating female die 2 is slidably connected to the first male die 1 to move closer to or away from the first male die 1 in the die opening and closing direction. The elastic piece 3 is elastically abutted with the floating female die 2, so that the floating female die 2 has a tendency of moving away from the first male die 1. The diameter of the first male die 1 is matched with the diameter of a large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging 8.
It should be noted that, when this closed forging die of gear is used for hot forging and warm forging, straight bevel gear forging 8 size can reduce after cooling to room temperature, and the diameter of first terrace die 1 should refer to big end root circle diameter setting when straight bevel gear forging 8 is hot in this application. In other embodiments, the closed gear forging die can also be used for cold forging.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram before forging forming begins, at this time, the floating female die 2 and the first male die 1 are staggered in the die opening and closing direction, and a cylindrical blank is placed in a cavity formed by staggering the first male die 1 and the floating female die 2. Thereafter, the floating female die 2 approaches the first male die 1 in the die opening and closing direction, and the blank starts to flow to fill the die cavity. The right side of fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram after forging and forming are finished, and a die cavity is filled with a blank to finish manufacturing of the straight bevel gear forging 8.
In the forging forming process, for the deformation resistance of the blank borne by the first male die 1 and the floating female die 2, the diameter of the first male die 1 is matched with the diameter of the large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging 8, so that the deformation resistance of the blank is mainly borne by the first male die 1, the deformation resistance borne by the floating female die 2 is reduced, the elastic force provided by the elastic part 3 can overcome the deformation resistance borne by the floating female die, and the blocking of the die parting surface 82 is effectively avoided. The closed forging die for the gear is reliable in die assembly, ensures that the straight bevel gear forging 8 has no flash, has small machining allowance of the back cone, and is favorable for improving the material utilization rate and the machining production efficiency.
Further, the closed forging die for the gear further comprises a tooth-shaped female die 4 and a second male die 5 penetrating through the tooth-shaped female die 4, wherein the second male die 5 and the first male die 1 are arranged oppositely along the die opening and closing direction. The tooth-shaped female die 4 can be matched with the floating female die 2 in an abutting mode to drive the floating female die 2 to be close to the first male die 1 along the die opening and closing direction. After the tooth-shaped female die 4 is in butt fit with the floating female die 2, the closed forging die for the gear realizes die assembly, and the contact surface of the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the floating female die 2 is a die parting surface 82. After the die is assembled, because the elastic force direction of the elastic part 3 on the floating female die 2 is opposite to the deformation resistance direction borne by the floating female die 2, the tooth-shaped female die 4 is continuously abutted to the floating female die 2 under the action of the elastic force of the elastic part 3, so that the situation that a blank flows between the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the floating female die 2 to cause the material plugging of a die parting surface 82 is avoided, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ensured to have no flash.
Particularly, before the closed forging die for the gear is closed, the tooth-shaped female die 4 is not in butt fit with the floating female die 2, the tooth-shaped female die 4 is close to the floating female die 2 along the die opening and closing direction, and the first male die 1 and the second male die 5 are used for upsetting blanks in the process. In actual production, the initial diameter of the blank should be controlled to avoid the blank entering the parting surface 82 before closing the mold, so as to avoid the material blocking of the parting surface 82.
In some embodiments, the floating die 2 and the tooth-shaped die 4 are combined. The floating female die 2 comprises a first stress ring 22 and a first inner core 23 embedded in the first stress ring 22. Specifically, the mold cavity is provided in the first inner core 23, and the first stress ring 22 is interference-fitted to the first inner core 23. The first stress ring 22 and the first inner core 23 are made of different materials, which helps to save material cost. The tooth-shaped female die 4 comprises a second stress ring 42 and a second inner core 43 embedded in the second stress ring 42. Specifically, the mold cavity is provided in the second inner core 43, and the second stress ring 42 is interference-fitted to the second inner core 43. The second stress ring 42 and the second inner core 43 are made of different materials, which helps to save material cost.
Of course, the floating die 2 and the tooth-shaped die 4 are not limited to the combined structure. In other embodiments, the floating die 2 and the tooth-shaped die 4 may be of an integral structure, and the die cavity is directly machined on the integral structure.
In some embodiments, the closed gear forging die further comprises a die holder 6, the die holder 6 comprises an upper die plate 61, a lower die plate 62, a guide sleeve 63 and a guide post 64, the upper die plate 61 and the lower die plate 62 are arranged oppositely along the die opening and closing direction, the second male die 5 and the tooth-shaped female die 4 are mounted on the upper die plate 61, and the first male die 1 and the elastic piece 3 are mounted on the lower die plate 62. The guide sleeve 63 is fixedly arranged on the upper template 61, and the central line of the guide sleeve 63 is parallel to the direction of the opening and closing mold. The guide post 64 is fixedly arranged on the lower template 62, and the central line of the guide post 64 is parallel to the die opening and closing direction. The guide sleeve 63 is slidably engaged with the guide post 64 to allow the upper die plate 61 to move toward or away from the lower die plate 62 in the opening and closing direction.
In this embodiment, the first punch 1, the floating die 2, and the elastic member 3 are disposed on the lower die, and the second punch 5 and the tooth die 4 are disposed on the upper die. In the forging forming process, the tooth-shaped female die 4 is close to and contacts the floating female die 2 along the die opening and closing direction along with the upper die plate 61, the floating female die 2 is continuously abutted against the tooth-shaped female die 4 under the elastic action of the elastic piece 3, and the tooth-shaped female die 4 drives the floating female die 2 to be close to the first male die 1 along the die opening and closing direction until the upper die plate 61 moves to the limit position.
In other embodiments, the first punch 1 and the elastic member 3 are mounted on the upper die plate 61, and the second punch 5 and the tooth-shaped die 4 are mounted on the lower die plate 62, i.e., the first punch 1, the floating die 2 and the elastic member 3 are disposed on the upper die, and the second punch 5 and the tooth-shaped die 4 are disposed on the lower die. In the forging forming process, the elastic part 3 pushes the floating female die 2 along the die opening and closing direction along with the upper die plate 61, the floating female die 2 is continuously abutted with the tooth-shaped female die 4 under the elastic action of the elastic part 3, and the first male die 1 is close to the floating female die 2 along the die opening and closing direction along with the upper die plate 61 until the upper die plate 61 moves to the limit position.
Further, the mold frame 6 further includes a limiting block 65 fixedly disposed on the lower mold plate 62, and the limiting block 65 is disposed between the upper mold plate 61 and the lower mold plate 62 to support the upper mold plate 61. When the upper die plate 61 contacts the limiting block 65, the forging forming is finished, the upper die plate 61 reaches the limit position, the die cavity is filled with the blank, and the manufacturing of the straight bevel gear forging 8 is completed. Therefore, the elastic part 3 can be controlled not to be overloaded, the pressure born by the floating female die 2 and the tooth-shaped female die 4 can be reduced, and the service life of the closed gear forging die is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the elastic member 3 includes a nitrogen spring 31 and a fixing plate 32, and the nitrogen spring 31 includes a cylinder and a piston capable of extending and contracting in a mold opening and closing direction with respect to the cylinder. The cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower template 62 through the fixing plate 32, and the piston is abutted to the floating female die 2. The nitrogen spring is a novel elastic assembly taking high-pressure nitrogen as a working medium, has the advantages of large elasticity, stable work, long service life, gentle elasticity curve, no need of pre-tightening and the like, is beneficial to simplifying the design and manufacture of a die, is convenient for die installation and adjustment, prolongs the service life of the die and ensures the stability of product quality. The piston of the nitrogen spring 31 is abutted with the floating female die 2, so that enough elastic force can be provided to overcome the deformation resistance borne by the floating female die in the blank forging process, the floating female die 2 is continuously abutted with the tooth-shaped female die 4, the material plugging of the die parting surface 82 is avoided, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ensured to have no flash. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a threaded hole of the cylinder for installing the nitrogen spring 31 is formed in one side of the fixing plate 32, a bolt penetrates through the fixing plate 32 from the other side of the fixing plate 32 and is connected to the cylinder in a threaded manner, and the fixing plate 32 is fixedly arranged on the lower template 62.
In some embodiments, the floating die 2 is provided with a sliding ring 24, and the sliding ring 24 is slidably engaged with the guide posts 64. The guide post 64 guides the floating female die 2 to ensure that the floating female die 2 stably moves along the die opening and closing direction. The sliding ring 24 is adapted to the guide post 64, ensuring the guiding accuracy. The floating female die 2 is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the sliding ring 24, and the sliding ring 24 is in interference fit with the mounting hole, so that the assembly is facilitated.
Further, the floating die 2 has a guide cylinder 21 provided to project in the die opening and closing direction, and the tooth-shaped die 4 has a blind guide hole 41 corresponding to the guide cylinder 21. The guide cylinder 21 is in sliding fit with the guide blind hole 41, so that the tooth-shaped female die 4 is aligned with the floating female die 2, and the guide sleeve 63 and the guide pillar 64 play a role in auxiliary guide on the basis of matched guide, thereby further ensuring the smooth die assembly of the closed gear forging die.
As a preferable embodiment, the outer end surface and the outer side surface of the guide cylinder 21 or the inner end surface and the inner side surface of the guide blind hole 41 are provided with exhaust grooves, which are beneficial to smooth exhaust of gas in the die cavity and guarantee the quality of the forged piece.
The closed forging die for the gears further comprises an ejection mechanism 7, wherein the ejection mechanism 7 comprises an upper ejector rod 71 and a lower ejector rod 74 and is used for ejecting the straight bevel gear forge piece 8. The upper ejector rod 71 penetrates through the upper template 61 along the die opening and closing direction to push the second male die 5 to eject the straight bevel gear forging 8 from the tooth-shaped female die 4. And the lower ejector rod 74 penetrates through the lower template 62 along the die opening and closing direction to push the first male die 1 to eject the straight bevel gear forging 8 from the floating female die 2.
After the forging forming is finished, because the contact area of the straight bevel gear forging 8 and the tooth-shaped concave die 4 is larger, and the draft angle of the tooth-shaped concave die 4 is smaller, the holding force of the tooth-shaped concave die 4 to the straight bevel gear forging 8 is larger. After the die is opened, the floating female die 2 is separated from the tooth-shaped female die 4, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is left in the tooth-shaped female die 4 under the action of holding force. Then, the upper ejector rod 71 pushes the second male die 5 along the die opening and closing direction, so that the second male die 5 moves a certain distance relative to the tooth-shaped female die 4, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ejected from the tooth-shaped female die 4 and falls onto the floating female die 2 ejected by the elastic piece 3. And finally, the lower ejector rod 74 pushes the first male die 1 along the die opening and closing direction, so that the first male die 1 moves a certain distance relative to the floating female die 2, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ejected from the floating female die 2, thereby facilitating the taking of the forging.
In a preferred embodiment, a tooth-shaped die cushion plate 72 is provided between the tooth-shaped die 4 and the upper die plate 61, a second punch cushion plate 73 is provided between the second punch 5 and the upper ram 71, and a first punch cushion plate 75 is provided between the first punch 1 and the lower ram 74. The second punch backing plate 73 is disposed through the tooth-shaped die backing plate 72 and can move relative to the tooth-shaped die backing plate 72 along the die opening and closing direction. During ejection, the upper ejector rod 71 abuts against the second punch backing plate 73, so that the second punch backing plate 73 pushes the second punch 5 to move along the die opening and closing direction. The lower ejector rod 74 abuts against the first punch backing plate 75, so that the first punch backing plate 75 pushes the first punch 1 to move along the die opening and closing direction. Therefore, the contact area between the ejection mechanism and the second male die 5 and the contact area between the ejection mechanism and the first male die 1 are increased, and the stability of the ejection process is ensured.
The gear closed forging die is installed on a single-action press, a lower template 62 is connected to a workbench of the single-action press, and an upper template 61 is connected to a movable cross beam of the single-action press. The working of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of firstly starting a single-action press, driving an upper die plate 61 of a gear closed forging die to move upwards by a movable cross beam of the single-action press, opening the gear closed forging die, enabling a floating female die 2 to be in a floating state under the elastic force action of a nitrogen spring 31, enabling a first male die 1 and a first male die base plate 75 to be located at a bottom dead center position, enabling the floating female die 2 and the first male die 1 to be staggered in the die opening and closing direction, and placing a blank in a die cavity formed by the first male die 1 and the floating female die 2 in a staggered mode.
Then, a movable cross beam of the single-action press drives the upper template 61, the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the second male die 5 to move downwards, and the guide blind hole 41 of the tooth-shaped female die 4 is in sliding fit with the guide cylinder 21 of the floating female die 2, so that the tooth-shaped female die 4 is aligned with the floating female die 2. The second male die 5 firstly contacts the blank and carries out upsetting, the blank flows to fill the die cavity, then the tooth-shaped female die 4 is in butt fit with the floating female die 2, the closed forging die for the gear realizes die assembly, the contact surface of the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the floating female die 2 is a die parting surface 82, and at the moment, the blank flows and does not reach the die parting surface 82.
And the tooth-shaped female die 4 continues to move downwards to push the floating female die 2 to be close to the first male die 1 along the die opening and closing direction, the blank is continuously upset, the blank flows to fill the die cavity until the forming is finished, the upper die plate 61 is in contact with the limiting block 65, the upper die plate 61 reaches the limit position, the die cavity is filled with the blank, and the manufacture of the straight bevel gear forging 8 is completed.
Then, a movable beam of the single-action press drives the upper template 61, the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the second male die 5 to return upwards, and the floating female die 2 moves upwards along with the tooth-shaped female die 4 and the straight bevel gear forging 8 under the elastic force action of the nitrogen spring 31. And then when the piston of the nitrogen spring 31 reaches the top dead center, the floating female die 2 stops moving upwards, the tooth-shaped female die 4 continues to move upwards along with the upper template 61, the floating female die 2 is separated from the tooth-shaped female die 4, the closed gear forging die realizes die separation, and the straight bevel gear forging piece 8 is left in the tooth-shaped female die 4 under the action of holding force.
Finally, the upper ejector rod 71 pushes the second male die cushion plate 73 and the second male die 5 to move downwards, so that the second male die 5 moves a certain distance relative to the tooth-shaped female die 4, and the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ejected out of the tooth-shaped female die 4 and falls onto the floating female die 2 jacked up by the nitrogen spring 31. The lower ejector rod 74 pushes the first male die backing plate 75 and the first male die 1 to move upwards, so that the first male die 1 moves a certain distance relative to the floating female die 2, the straight bevel gear forging 8 is ejected out of the floating female die 2, and the workpiece taking is convenient.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gear closed forging mould for make straight bevel gear forging of taking back of the body awl structure, a serial communication port, gear closed forging mould includes:
the cross section of the first male die is circular, and the center line of the first male die is parallel to the die opening and closing direction;
the floating female die is connected to the first male die in a sliding mode and moves close to or far away from the first male die along the die opening and closing direction;
the elastic piece is elastically abutted with the floating female die so that the floating female die has a tendency of moving away from the first male die;
the diameter of the first male die is matched with the diameter of a large-end tooth root circle of the straight bevel gear forging.
2. The closed forging die for the gear according to claim 1, further comprising a tooth-shaped female die and a second male die penetrating through the tooth-shaped female die;
the second male die and the first male die are arranged oppositely along the die opening and closing direction;
the tooth-shaped female die can be in butt fit with the floating female die so as to drive the floating female die to be close to the first male die along the die opening and closing direction.
3. The closed forging die for the gear according to claim 2, wherein the floating female die comprises a first stress ring and a first inner core embedded in the first stress ring;
the tooth-shaped female die comprises a second stress ring and a second inner core embedded in the second stress ring.
4. The closed forging die for the gear according to claim 2, further comprising a die set, wherein the die set comprises an upper die plate, a lower die plate, a guide pillar and a guide sleeve;
the upper template and the lower template are oppositely arranged along the die opening and closing direction, the second male die and the tooth-shaped female die are arranged on the upper template, and the first male die and the elastic piece are arranged on the lower template;
the guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the upper template, and the central line of the guide sleeve is parallel to the direction of the opening and closing die;
the guide post is fixedly arranged on the lower template, and the central line of the guide post is parallel to the direction of the opening and closing die;
the guide sleeve is in sliding fit with the guide post, so that the upper template can move close to or far away from the lower template along the opening and closing direction.
5. The closed forging die for the gear according to claim 4, wherein the die carrier further comprises a limiting block fixedly arranged on the lower template;
the limiting block is positioned between the upper template and the lower template so as to support the upper template.
6. The closed forging die for gears as set forth in claim 4, wherein the elastic member includes a nitrogen spring and a fixing plate;
the nitrogen spring comprises a cylinder body and a piston which can stretch and retract along the die opening and closing direction relative to the cylinder body;
the cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the lower template through the fixing plate, and the end part of the piston is abutted to the floating female die.
7. The closed gear forging die of claim 4, wherein the floating die is provided with a sliding ring, and the sliding ring is in sliding fit with the guide post.
8. The closed forging die for gears as claimed in claim 7, wherein the floating female die is provided with a guide cylinder which is arranged in a protruding manner along the die opening and closing direction, and the tooth-shaped female die is provided with a blind guide hole corresponding to the guide cylinder;
and the guide cylinder is in sliding fit with the guide blind hole so that the tooth-shaped female die is aligned with the floating female die.
9. The closed forging die for gears as claimed in claim 8, wherein the outer end face and the outer side face of the guide cylinder or the inner end face and the inner side face of the blind guide hole are provided with exhaust grooves.
10. The closed gear forging die of any one of claims 4 to 9, further comprising an ejection mechanism, wherein the ejection mechanism comprises an upper ejector rod and a lower ejector rod;
the upper ejector rod penetrates through the upper template along the die opening and closing direction to push the second male die to eject the straight bevel gear forge piece from the tooth-shaped female die;
the lower ejector rod penetrates through the lower template along the die opening and closing direction to push the first male die to eject the straight bevel gear forge piece from the floating female die.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111413679.3A CN114012011B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Gear closed forging die |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111413679.3A CN114012011B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Gear closed forging die |
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| CN114012011A true CN114012011A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
| CN114012011B CN114012011B (en) | 2024-07-30 |
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| US20110030443A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-02-10 | Jiansu Pacific Precision Forging Co., Ltd. | Double Closed Hydraulic Mould Stand |
| CN103567340A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-12 | 山东建筑大学 | Novel precision forging technology of straight toothed spur gear for automobile and mold |
| CN106001358A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 山东大学 | Semi-closed type forging die used for forging of bevel gear and forging method thereof |
| CN207358046U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-05-15 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of forging molding mould of straight tooth column pinion gear |
| US20190060980A1 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-02-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for forging gear |
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2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111413679.3A patent/CN114012011B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2871060Y (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-02-21 | 华中科技大学 | Closed geared cold precisive forging mould of straight-toothed shaped cone |
| US20110030443A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-02-10 | Jiansu Pacific Precision Forging Co., Ltd. | Double Closed Hydraulic Mould Stand |
| CN201711484U (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2011-01-19 | 北京机电研究所 | Precision forging mould for floating straight-tooth cylindrical gear |
| CN103567340A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-12 | 山东建筑大学 | Novel precision forging technology of straight toothed spur gear for automobile and mold |
| CN106001358A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 山东大学 | Semi-closed type forging die used for forging of bevel gear and forging method thereof |
| US20190060980A1 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-02-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for forging gear |
| CN207358046U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-05-15 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of forging molding mould of straight tooth column pinion gear |
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| CN114012011B (en) | 2024-07-30 |
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