CN114011839A - Method for innocent treatment of fly ash by ultrahigh pressure pressing process - Google Patents
Method for innocent treatment of fly ash by ultrahigh pressure pressing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114011839A CN114011839A CN202111356502.4A CN202111356502A CN114011839A CN 114011839 A CN114011839 A CN 114011839A CN 202111356502 A CN202111356502 A CN 202111356502A CN 114011839 A CN114011839 A CN 114011839A
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- fly ash
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for innocent treatment of fly ash by an ultrahigh pressure pressing process, which comprises the following steps of S1: mixing fly ash to be treated with cement in a certain proportion, conveying the mixture to a mixing roll, stirring, spraying a chelating agent, mixing and stirring, and detecting and adjusting the proportion and the addition amount of the chelating agent in real time; s2: discharging the mixed materials on a conveyor, conveying the materials into a feeder above a hydraulic press, injecting a stabilizer, and stirring at a certain speed; s3: quantitatively injecting the stirred material S2 into a die of a hydraulic press, performing pressure pressing, discharging the generated percolate, and conveying the formed material to a maintenance conveyor; s4: curing the formed material for a period of time, performing stacking oxidation and assay analysis treatment, smashing unqualified materials, and reprocessing until qualified materials are obtained; s5: obtaining the aggregate. According to the method, after the ultrahigh pressure pressing mode is adopted, the density of the material can be greatly increased, and after the material is cured, the material is doped into concrete, so that the possibility of leaching out toxic substances is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fly ash harmless treatment technology, and particularly relates to a fly ash harmless treatment method by an ultrahigh pressure pressing process.
Background
At present, most of solid wastes are mainly treated by landfill and incineration, and the traditional landfill mode occupies a large amount of land resources and can cause secondary pollution to the environment. The incineration treatment has the advantages of obvious reduction and energy regeneration, the reduction reaches 90%, and the waste heat can be used for power generation, so the incineration treatment is increasingly widely applied.
However, the solid waste generates dangerous waste such as fly ash in the incineration process. The fly ash contains heavy metal elements with high concentration, such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead and the like, and highly toxic pollutants, such as dioxin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, generated in the flue gas treatment process, and is easy to release through leaching, so that secondary pollution is caused to the environment. Therefore, the harmless treatment of fly ash has been a research hotspot. At present, the main treatment methods of fly ash include cement solidification method, melt solidification method, chemical agent treatment method, and the like.
The cement solidification treatment technology has simple treatment process, easy operation, large treatment capacity and low cost, is the main treatment mode of the fly ash at present, but harmful substances still exist after treatment and can still be released through seepage; the melting solidification method is only used for small-scale treatment at present due to the problems of high treatment cost, complex process and secondary fly ash; the chemical agent stabilizing technology has the advantages of low harmless cost, little or no compatibilization and the like, but the chemical agent has no general applicability, and has small stabilizing effect on dioxin substances and is difficult to treat on a large scale.
The cement solidification treatment is most commonly used at present, and because cement has higher alkalinity, heavy metal elements in fly ash can form hydroxide and neutralize the erosion of acid solution. However, the cement curing treatment involves not only the risk of the oozing of harmful substances but also the problems of secondary treatment and occupation of a large amount of land for disposal. Therefore, there is still a great room for improvement in this solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem that the cement condensate with the fly ash sealed can not be effectively utilized, and the treated product still occupies a large amount of land resources, the invention redesigns the curing treatment method, aims to effectively prevent the seepage of heavy metals and harmful substances, is more reliable in the finished product, can be suitable for some production links, saves a large amount of land resources compared with the prior art, and is a more reliable and more environment-friendly curing treatment method.
The method comprises the following specific steps of S1: mixing fly ash to be treated and cement in a certain proportion to obtain a mixed material, conveying the mixed material to a mixing roll, stirring the mixed material internally, spraying a chelating agent according to a certain pressure, and detecting and adjusting the proportion and the addition amount of the chelating agent in real time in the process of continuously mixing and stirring; s2: discharging the mixed materials on a conveyor, conveying the materials into a feeder above a hydraulic press, injecting a stabilizer, and stirring at a certain speed; s3: the S2 is stirred and then injected into a die of a hydraulic press in a boring and quantitative mode, pressure pressing is carried out according to certain pressure, generated percolate is discharged, and the formed material is conveyed to a maintenance conveyor; s4: curing the formed material for a period of time, performing stacking oxidation and assay analysis treatment, and smashing and retreating unqualified materials until qualified materials are obtained; s5: the qualified formed and solidified material is used as aggregate, mixed into building material and reused.
As a modification, S3: the adopted pressure is 800-950MPa, the compressive strength of the steel on the stress surface of the hydraulic press is not lower than 1000MPa, and the pressing process adopts an up-down nested structure of three dies.
As an improvement, the three dies specifically comprise an upper die, a middle die and a lower die; the upper die is of a multi-group hollow main body structure, the hollow part is used for accommodating materials, is communicated with the pumping structure and can penetrate through the middle position of the middle die to move up and down for discharging; the middle mould multi-group hollow structure is correspondingly arranged at the position of the upper mould and the position of the hollow structure, and the bottom of the middle mould and the top surface of the lower mould are in intermittent contact and can be separated and contacted.
In S3, after the materials are uniformly filled, the upper die is pressed downwards and vibrated, the middle die vibrates at the same frequency, the upper die is pressed downwards in the middle die, pressure is maintained for a period of time, then pressure is released at one time, the middle die moves upwards to expose a formed test piece, the upper die is separated from the time, the test piece is placed on the surface of the lower die and ejected out, and a period is completed.
As an improvement, the method comprises the following specific steps: vibrating according to a certain frequency in the pressing process, simultaneously driving the middle die to vibrate, pressing to a specified position of the specified middle die, maintaining pressure, then releasing pressure for the first time, and keeping the action position unchanged; a hydraulic mechanism connected with the middle die moves, the middle die moves upwards, and a formed test piece is exposed on the top surface of the lower die; the upper die moves upwards to be completely separated from the test piece, and the side edge of the stripper moves to push the test piece into the collection chute; and the stripper retracts, the middle die returns to the original position, and one cycle is finished.
In S3, the vibration frequency is set to 55-70HZ and the vibration time is 1-10S.
In S1, a complexing agent aqueous solution is added to the interior of the mixer, and when the complexing agent aqueous solution is prepared, a group of metering pumps are independently connected to both the complexing agent stock solution storage tank and the outlet end of the water storage tank.
Has the advantages that: the method for harmlessly treating the fly ash provided by the invention aims to solve the problems that when the fly ash is not treated properly, the leaching toxicity of heavy metals in the fly ash is high, the environment and the living quality are damaged, the density of materials can be greatly increased by an ultrahigh pressure pressing mode, and the possibility of leaching toxic substances is greatly reduced by adding concrete after the solidification is finished.
Meanwhile, compared with the traditional cement curing treatment method, the ultrahigh pressure pressing technology greatly compresses the volume of the materials, and prolongs the service life of the storage capacity. The aggregate is incorporated into concrete, and the formed concrete can be used for special purposes (such as load bearing).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of three dies before pressing according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of three dies in the pressing process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of three dies for obtaining a shaped test piece after pressing according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a treatment process of the present invention.
In the figure: an upper die 1, a middle die 2, a lower die 3 and a stripper 4.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The method for harmlessly treating fly ash by the ultrahigh pressure pressing process is used for pressing cylindrical aggregate or cuboid aggregate with the cross section of about 0.0025m by ultrahigh pressure2And a height of about 0.05 m. The hydraulic press is selected to be 5000t-8000t grade, and 80-200 aggregates can be produced in one pressing process. In order to better illustrate the invention, specific examples are described and illustrated below.
Example 1
1. The fly ash is quantitatively conveyed to a mixing screw conveyor, meanwhile, quantitative cement is also provided to the conveyor, a mixed material of the cement and the fly ash is conveyed to a feeding port of a mixing roll after being mixed, a material port is provided with a detector, the mixed material starts to be stirred and mixed after arriving, meanwhile, the chelating agent aqueous solution is sprayed into the mixing roll at the pressure of 0.1-5MPa, and a moisture monitoring device is arranged in the mixing roll to detect and adjust the proportion and the adding amount of the chelating agent aqueous solution in real time.
The heavy metal substances in the fly ash react with the chelating agent to generate water-insoluble stable substances in the mixing process of the chelating agent aqueous solution, the cement and the fly ash.
2. The mixed materials fall on a conveyer, are conveyed into a large automatic feeder above a hydraulic press, are simultaneously injected with a stabilizer and are stirred at a certain speed.
3. The material is quantitatively injected into a mould of a pressing system of the ultrahigh-pressure four-column hydraulic press by an automatic feeder and is pressed under the pressure of 800 plus 950 Mpa. The compressive strength of the steel on the stress surface of the hydraulic press needs to reach over 1000 MPa. Ultra-high pressure compaction can be basically divided into four mechanical actions: after the material is filled uniformly, the upper die is pressed down, the upper die is vibrated at the frequency of 50-70hz, especially 60-65HZz in the pressing process, and the middle die is driven to vibrate at the same time.
Pressing down to a specified position for pressure maintaining, then releasing pressure for the first time, and keeping the action position unchanged; a hydraulic mechanism connected with the middle die acts, the middle die moves upwards, and a formed test piece is exposed; the upper die moves upwards to be completely separated from the test piece, and the side edge of the stripper moves to push the test piece into the collection chute; and the stripper retracts, the middle die returns to the original position, and one cycle is finished. And (3) draining percolate generated in the pressing process to a sewage storage tank through a drainage guide channel around the hydraulic press, and intensively conveying the percolate to a sewage treatment plant.
4. The formed material falls from the collection chute onto a curing conveyor. And (5) finishing the initial setting process after curing for 30min, and conveying the materials to a corresponding stacking area of a curing storage area in a factory by a transport vehicle for stacking and curing, and carrying out assay analysis. The rejected material will be reprocessed.
5. Curing for about 30 days, and mixing the formed and cured material into concrete as aggregate.
When the chelating agent is added into the mixing roll, a certain amount of complexing agent is added into the mixing roll, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the complexing agent storage tank and the water storage tank are independently communicated with a group of metering pumps, the complexing agent and water are metered and quantitatively extracted in real time, the complexing agent aqueous solution is prepared, and the opening and closing connection relationship is carried out between the complexing agent storage tank and the mixing roll through an electric valve. When the complexing agent aqueous solution is placed, the electric valve is opened to enter a certain amount, the electric valve can be selectively closed when the set value is reached, and the full-automatic production is realized at regular time and quantity.
In addition, leachate generated in the pressing process after the aggregate is obtained is drained to a sewage storage tank through a drainage guide channel around the hydraulic press and is intensively conveyed to a sewage treatment plant, and the treatment mode is environment-friendly, safe and wide in application range, and can bring good economic benefits.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for innocent treatment of fly ash by an ultrahigh pressure pressing process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps of S1: mixing fly ash to be treated with cement in a certain proportion, conveying the mixture to a mixing roll, stirring, spraying a chelating agent according to a certain pressure, and detecting and adjusting the proportion and the addition amount of the chelating agent in real time in the stirring process; s2: conveying the mixed materials to a feeder above a hydraulic press through a conveyor, injecting a stabilizer, and stirring at a certain speed; s3: quantitatively injecting the stirred material S2 into a die of a hydraulic press, pressing according to a certain pressure, discharging the generated percolate, and conveying the formed material to a maintenance conveyor; s4: curing the formed material for a period of time, performing stacking oxidation and assay analysis treatment, and smashing and retreating unqualified materials until qualified materials are obtained; s5: the qualified formed and solidified material is used as aggregate, mixed into building material and reused.
2. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: s3: the adopted pressure is 800-950MPa, the compressive strength of the steel on the stress surface of the hydraulic press is not lower than 1000MPa, and the pressing process adopts an up-down nested structure of three dies.
3. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the three dies comprise an upper die, a middle die and a lower die; the upper die is of a multi-group hollow main body structure, the hollow part is used for accommodating materials, is communicated with the pumping structure and can penetrate through the middle position of the middle die to move up and down for discharging; the middle die is of a multi-group hollow structure, the position of the hollow structure corresponds to that of the upper die, and the bottom of the middle die is in intermittent contact with the top surface of the lower die.
4. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: and S3, after the materials are uniformly filled, pressing down the upper die, vibrating the middle die at the same frequency, pressing down the upper die in the middle die, maintaining the pressure for a period of time, releasing the pressure at one time, moving up the middle die to expose a formed test piece, separating the upper die from the middle die, placing the test piece on the surface of the lower die, and ejecting to complete a period.
5. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: in S3, the specific pressing method is: vibrating according to a certain frequency in the pressing process, simultaneously driving the middle die to vibrate, pressing to a specified position of the specified middle die, maintaining pressure, then releasing pressure for the first time, and keeping the action position unchanged; a hydraulic mechanism connected with the middle die moves, the middle die moves upwards, and a formed test piece is exposed on the top surface of the lower die; the upper die moves upwards to be completely separated from the test piece, and the side edge of the stripper moves to push the test piece into the collection chute; and the stripper retracts, the middle die returns to the original position, and one cycle is finished.
6. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S3, the vibration frequency is set to 55-70HZ and the vibration time is set to 5-10S.
7. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the obtained aggregates are cubic or cylindrical aggregates, and 80-200 aggregates are obtained in one pressing process.
8. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash by the ultra-high pressure compaction process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and S1, adding a complexing agent aqueous solution into the mixing roll, wherein when the complexing agent aqueous solution is prepared, a group of metering pumps are independently connected to a complexing agent stock solution storage tank and a water storage tank outlet end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111356502.4A CN114011839A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Method for innocent treatment of fly ash by ultrahigh pressure pressing process |
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| CN202111356502.4A CN114011839A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Method for innocent treatment of fly ash by ultrahigh pressure pressing process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117381951A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-12 | 河北蓝海智投环保科技有限公司 | Ash powder briquetting die and method |
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| JP2000117219A (en) * | 1998-10-12 | 2000-04-25 | Nkk Corp | Fly ash treatment |
| CN202052757U (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-11-30 | 福州市大新飞灰处理有限公司 | Solidifying and stabilizing treatment system of fly ash |
| CN105196600A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2015-12-30 | 同济大学 | Die for pressing hazardous waste to be high-density module in ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic mode |
| CN107245167A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-13 | 浙江工业大学温州科学技术研究院 | A kind of compounded rubber reinforcing agent and its preparation method and application |
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| CN112661431A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Method for preparing baking-free brick after washing and desalting fly ash |
| CN113024051A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-06-25 | 湖南军信环保股份有限公司 | Targeting chelating agent and method for treating refuse leachate membrane filtration concentrated solution salt slurry |
| CN113563036A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-29 | 叶县鸿立实业有限公司 | Fly ash autoclaved brick containing fly ash of garbage power plant and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202111356502.4A patent/CN114011839A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000117219A (en) * | 1998-10-12 | 2000-04-25 | Nkk Corp | Fly ash treatment |
| CN202052757U (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-11-30 | 福州市大新飞灰处理有限公司 | Solidifying and stabilizing treatment system of fly ash |
| CN105196600A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2015-12-30 | 同济大学 | Die for pressing hazardous waste to be high-density module in ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic mode |
| CN107245167A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-13 | 浙江工业大学温州科学技术研究院 | A kind of compounded rubber reinforcing agent and its preparation method and application |
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| CN112661431A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-16 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Method for preparing baking-free brick after washing and desalting fly ash |
| CN113563036A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-29 | 叶县鸿立实业有限公司 | Fly ash autoclaved brick containing fly ash of garbage power plant and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117381951A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-12 | 河北蓝海智投环保科技有限公司 | Ash powder briquetting die and method |
| CN117381951B (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-02-20 | 河北蓝海智投环保科技有限公司 | Ash powder briquetting die and method |
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