CN114006642B - Quick beam searching method, terminal and satellite communication system - Google Patents
Quick beam searching method, terminal and satellite communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114006642B CN114006642B CN202111285841.8A CN202111285841A CN114006642B CN 114006642 B CN114006642 B CN 114006642B CN 202111285841 A CN202111285841 A CN 202111285841A CN 114006642 B CN114006642 B CN 114006642B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention provides a fast beam searching method, a terminal and a satellite communication system, wherein the fast beam searching method comprises the following steps: the satellite broadcasts beam signals of all beams to the terminal; the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode; the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam; the terminal reports the RSSI measurement results to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation. The invention considers the high dynamic characteristic of the low orbit satellite, sets the broadcasting mode, and is favorable for the terminal to realize the fast and reliable searching of the wave beam; the invention adopts a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, has simple calculation and is convenient for hardware realization, not only can ensure the accuracy of beam searching, but also improves the searching speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, relates to beam searching and measuring, and in particular relates to a rapid beam searching method, a terminal and a satellite communication system.
Background
The spaceX (American space exploration technology company) program transmits about 1.2 ten thousand communication satellites to an orbit, wherein the low-orbit satellite comprises 1584 low-orbit satellites in a near-earth orbit, and the construction of a low-orbit satellite constellation is vigorously developed along with the development of a star chain program. The communication satellite can realize the wireless communication of the earth surface, the sky and the space by reflecting or relaying radio signals, thereby greatly improving the coverage rate of the region and the anti-destruction property of the communication. Satellite communication systems are an important complement to terrestrial communication networks and have played an important role in various aspects such as military and weather.
The application of the low orbit satellite communication system in the global personal communication network realizes the communication signal coverage of high latitude and polar region and achieves the idea of global service. The low orbit satellite constellation is adopted, so that signal attenuation and propagation delay in the communication process are effectively reduced, support is provided for mobile terminal communication, and the development of a global personal communication network is promoted to a great extent. In recent years, due to the great application value of satellite communication in the fields of military, internet of things and the like, and the limited frequency domain and orbit resources in the near-earth-space field, the satellite communication system has been in vigorous competition in the global satellite constellation field in various countries.
With the increasing maturity of satellite communication technology, the problem of band limitation is more and more prominent, and how to reasonably and efficiently allocate system resources under limited band resources becomes one of the key problems that needs to be solved rapidly nowadays. The multi-beam satellite system with the advantages of beam space isolation and frequency multiplexing becomes an effective way for solving the problem. However, it is a technical difficulty how to quickly search for beams in a wide range and to allocate resources of the beams, because the low orbit satellites are fast moving with respect to the earth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and aims to provide a rapid beam searching method, a terminal and a satellite communication system. The invention designs a beam signal searching, measurement reporting and self-adaptive beam searching and adjusting method, which can rapidly search available beams and provide basis for beam resource allocation such as beam residence, reselection, switching and the like.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fast beam searching method comprising the steps of:
the satellite broadcasts beam signals of all beams to the terminal;
the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode;
the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam;
the terminal reports the RSSI measurement results to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation.
The rapid beam searching method considers the high dynamic characteristics of the low-orbit satellite, sets a broadcasting mode, and is beneficial to the terminal to realize rapid and reliable beam searching; the invention adopts a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, has simple calculation and is convenient for hardware realization, not only can ensure the accuracy of beam searching, but also improves the searching speed.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of broadcasting the multi-beam signal from the satellite to the terminal is: the satellite periodically broadcasts signals to all terminals at the fixed frequency point of the wave beam; each superframe period is m seconds, and the satellite starts broadcasting u times in one superframe, namely, broadcasting at 0, m/u seconds, 2m/u seconds, 3m/u seconds, … …, (u-1) m/u seconds.
According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the satellite broadcasts the signal in a power-concentrated manner.
According to the invention, satellite broadcasting time, frequency, power and the like are designed according to the unified planning of satellite communication system resources, so that the terminal can search and measure quickly and effectively.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of capturing the beam signal by the terminal in a sliding window manner comprises the steps of:
the beam signals are received by sliding the search window, the length S of the search window and the sliding step length V are used, the length of one beam signal is n milliseconds, and S is more than or equal to V+n and less than or equal to S and less than or equal to 2n.
The invention ensures effective capture of beam signals by designing the sliding window length and the sliding step length.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, RSSI = 10lg (P/1 mw), where P is the power of the acquired beam signal, the signal power being calculated from a sliding window Where x (t) is the beam signal. Therefore, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is accurately calculated, the available wave beam is determined by taking the RSSI as a discrimination standard, the calculation is simple, the hardware implementation is convenient, the accuracy of wave beam searching can be ensured, and the searching speed is improved.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the terminal determines the available beam, an adaptive beam search mechanism is used:
for the first selection of the wave beam, stopping searching when the measured RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, and selecting the measured wave beam as an available wave beam;
if the terminal resides in the current service beam for more than T1 seconds, starting available beam searching again, wherein T1 is a residence time threshold value, continuously measuring the current service beam, and starting a sliding window mode to capture beam signals after RSSI (received signal strength indicator) is reduced to exceed an intensity threshold value or less than a receiving threshold value;
aiming at beam reselection, if the current service beam is larger than a reselection threshold, stopping searching, and still selecting the current beam; otherwise, starting a sliding window method to capture the beam signal, stopping searching if the new beam exceeds the intensity threshold value for a period of time better than the current service beam, and selecting the new beam.
The invention adopts the self-adaptive searching method to consider different situations such as the primary selection and the reselection of the wave beam, reduces the searching process, and ensures the service continuity and the reliability by designing different searching modes.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fast beam searching method for a terminal, comprising the steps of:
the terminal receives beam signals of all beams of a satellite broadcast by the satellite;
the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode;
the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam;
and the terminal reports the RSSI measurement result to the satellite, receives the beam distribution confidence sent by the satellite, and realizes the search and selection of the beam.
The method is beneficial to the terminal to realize the rapid and reliable search of the wave beam, is simple to calculate by adopting a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, is convenient for hardware realization, can ensure the accuracy of the wave beam search, and improves the search speed.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a terminal that performs the terminal fast beam searching method of the present invention, to achieve searching and selection of beams. The terminal beam search is accurate and has high search speed.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a satellite communication system, including a satellite and at least one terminal, the satellite broadcasting beam signals of all its beams to the terminal, the terminal capturing the beam signals in a sliding window manner, the terminal measuring RSSI values of the captured beam signals, the RSSI being positively correlated with the captured beam power, and determining the beam as an available beam when the RSSI value is greater than a reception threshold; the terminal reports the RSSI measurement results to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation.
The satellite communication system considers the high dynamic characteristics of the low-orbit satellite, sets a broadcasting mode, and is beneficial to the terminal to realize fast and reliable searching of wave beams; in the specific searching process, the terminal adopts a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, is simple to calculate and convenient for hardware realization, not only can ensure the accuracy of beam searching, but also improves the searching speed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of signal sliding capture in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.
The low orbit satellite moves at high speed relative to the terminal, a constellation is formed by inter-satellite links, and a multi-beam technology is adopted to realize the wide coverage of the area and the continuity of communication. For multi-beam low orbit satellites, the terminal needs to camp, reselect, and switch beams to achieve reliable transmission.
The invention provides a fast beam searching method, which can fast lock available beams and support beam resource allocation. The whole flow of the fast wave beam searching method mainly comprises satellite broadcasting signals and terminal measurement reporting. The method comprises the following steps:
first, the satellite broadcasts beam signals of all its beams to the terminal. In the present invention, in order to facilitate fast beam search, the satellite broadcasts signals to all terminals at fixed frequency points and fixed time, and the signals may be broadcast signals, paging signals, etc. Each superframe period is m seconds, the satellite starts broadcasting in a superframe uniformly u times, namely 0, m/u seconds, 2m/u seconds, 3m/u seconds, … …, (u-1) m/u seconds, and u is a positive integer, for example, the satellite starts broadcasting in a superframe uniformly 4 times, namely 0, m/4 seconds, 2m/4 seconds and 3m/4 seconds, and each broadcasting signal has the same duration as the broadcasting signal and the paging signal. The specific satellite can broadcast signals in a power concentration mode, for example, the power is raised by more than 10dB, so that the satellite can be used for coping with the situations that the terminal antenna is retracted and the antenna is not directed at the satellite, and the satellite is suitable for beam selection and reselection of an idle state terminal.
The terminal then captures the beam signal using a sliding window. As shown in fig. 1, due to factors such as a time source and a crystal oscillator, there is a problem of unstable time, and processing delay, transmission delay and the like further affect time synchronization, so that a terminal cannot capture an accurate signal. The invention captures beam signals in a sliding window mode, the length S of a search window and the sliding step length V are respectively n milliseconds, and S satisfies V+n is less than or equal to S and less than or equal to 2n. And setting S to be more than or equal to V+n, and ensuring that when T is approximately 0, the signal can slide V and can be in a search window. S is less than or equal to 2n, and accuracy of capturing signals is improved. The greater V is, the fewer the number of processing is, when T is approximately one signal length, the remaining signal can be included if one sliding is desired, and the value of V is greater than or equal to one beam signal length. Therefore, it is preferable that the sliding step V is determined to be n milliseconds, and the sliding window length S is determined to be 2n milliseconds.
The terminal then measures the RSSI value of the acquired beam signal, the RSSI being positively correlated with the acquired beam power, and when the RSSI value is greater than the receive threshold, determines that this beam is an available beam. In the present embodiment, rssi=10 lg (P/1 mw), where P is the power of the acquired beam signal, the signal power is calculated from the sliding windowWhere x (t) is the beam signal. Therefore, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is accurately calculated, the available wave beam is determined by taking the RSSI as a discrimination standard, the calculation is simple, the hardware implementation is convenient, the accuracy of wave beam searching can be ensured, and the searching speed is improved.
Finally, the terminal reports the RSSI measurement result to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation.
In this embodiment, when the terminal determines the available beam, an adaptive beam search mechanism is adopted:
for the first selection of the wave beam, stopping searching when the measured RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, and selecting the measured wave beam as an available wave beam;
if the terminal resides in the current service beam for more than T1 seconds, starting available beam searching again, wherein T1 is a residence time threshold value, continuously measuring the current service beam, and starting a sliding window mode to capture beam signals after RSSI (received signal strength indicator) drops to exceed an intensity threshold value (for example, 3 dB) or is smaller than a receiving threshold value, wherein T1 is preferably 1 second;
aiming at beam reselection, if the current service beam is larger than a reselection threshold, stopping searching, and still selecting the current beam; otherwise, the sliding window method is started to capture the beam signal, and if the new beam exceeds the current serving beam by more than the intensity threshold (e.g., 3 dB) for a period of time (e.g., 4n milliseconds), the search is stopped and the new beam is selected.
The invention adopts the self-adaptive searching method to consider different situations such as the primary selection and the reselection of the wave beam, reduces the searching process, and ensures the service continuity and the reliability by designing different searching modes.
The invention also provides a terminal rapid beam searching method, which comprises the following steps:
the terminal receives beam signals of all beams of a satellite broadcast by the satellite;
the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode;
the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam;
and the terminal reports the RSSI measurement result to the satellite, receives the beam distribution confidence sent by the satellite, and realizes the search and selection of the beam. The method is beneficial to the terminal to realize the rapid and reliable search of the wave beam, is simple to calculate by adopting a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, is convenient for hardware realization, can ensure the accuracy of the wave beam search, and improves the search speed.
The invention also provides a terminal, which executes the terminal rapid beam searching method to realize the searching and the selection of the beam. The terminal beam search is accurate and has high search speed.
The invention also provides a satellite communication system, which comprises a satellite and at least one terminal, wherein the satellite broadcasts beam signals of all beams to the terminal, the terminal captures the beam signals in a sliding window mode, the terminal measures RSSI values of the captured beam signals, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI values are larger than a receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam; the terminal reports the RSSI measurement results to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation. The satellite communication system considers the high dynamic characteristics of the low-orbit satellite, sets a broadcasting mode, and is beneficial to the terminal to realize fast and reliable searching of wave beams; in the specific searching process, the terminal adopts a sliding window capturing mode and an RSSI judging criterion, is simple to calculate and convenient for hardware realization, not only can ensure the accuracy of beam searching, but also improves the searching speed.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "preferred implementation," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example" or "some examples" and the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A fast beam search method, comprising the steps of:
the satellite broadcasts beam signals of all beams to the terminal;
the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode;
the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam;
the terminal reports the RSSI measurement result to the satellite, and the satellite executes beam allocation;
when the terminal determines available beams, an adaptive beam searching mechanism is adopted:
for the first selection of the wave beam, stopping searching when the measured RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, and selecting the measured wave beam as an available wave beam;
if the terminal resides in the current service beam for more than T1 seconds, starting available beam searching again, wherein T1 is a residence time threshold value, continuously measuring the current service beam, and starting a sliding window mode to capture beam signals after RSSI (received signal strength indicator) is reduced to exceed an intensity threshold value or less than a receiving threshold value;
aiming at beam reselection, if the current service beam is larger than a reselection threshold, stopping searching, and still selecting the current beam; otherwise, starting a sliding window method to capture the beam signal, stopping searching if the new beam exceeds the intensity threshold value for a period of time better than the current service beam, and selecting the new beam.
2. The fast beam search method according to claim 1, wherein the step of broadcasting the multi-beam signal from the satellite to the terminal comprises:
the satellite periodically broadcasts signals to all terminals at the fixed frequency point of the wave beam;
each superframe period is m seconds, and the satellite starts broadcasting u times in one superframe, namely, broadcasting at 0, m/u seconds, 2m/u seconds, 3m/u seconds, … …, (u-1) m/u seconds.
3. A fast beam search method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the satellite broadcasts the signal in a power focused manner.
4. The fast beam searching method according to claim 1, wherein the step of capturing the beam signal by the terminal in a sliding window manner comprises:
the beam signals are received by sliding the search window, the length S of the search window and the sliding step length V are used, the length of one beam signal is n milliseconds, and S is more than or equal to V+n and less than or equal to S and less than or equal to 2n.
5. The fast beam searching method according to claim 1, wherein RSSI = 10lg (P/1 mw), wherein P is the power of the acquired beam signal, the signal power being calculated from a sliding windowWhere x (t) is the beam signal.
6. The fast wave beam searching method for the terminal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the terminal receives beam signals of all beams of a satellite broadcast by the satellite;
the terminal captures beam signals in a sliding window mode;
the terminal measures the RSSI value of the captured beam signal, the RSSI is positively correlated with the captured beam power, and when the RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, the beam is determined to be an available beam;
the terminal reports the RSSI measurement result to the satellite, receives the beam allocation confidence sent by the satellite, and realizes the search and selection of the beam;
when the terminal determines available beams, an adaptive beam searching mechanism is adopted:
for the first selection of the wave beam, stopping searching when the measured RSSI value is larger than the receiving threshold, and selecting the measured wave beam as an available wave beam;
if the terminal resides in the current service beam for more than T1 seconds, starting available beam searching again, wherein T1 is a residence time threshold value, continuously measuring the current service beam, and starting a sliding window mode to capture beam signals after RSSI (received signal strength indicator) is reduced to exceed an intensity threshold value or less than a receiving threshold value;
aiming at beam reselection, if the current service beam is larger than a reselection threshold, stopping searching, and still selecting the current beam; otherwise, starting a sliding window method to capture the beam signal, stopping searching if the new beam exceeds the intensity threshold value for a period of time better than the current service beam, and selecting the new beam.
7. A terminal, wherein the terminal performs the terminal fast beam searching method of claim 6, so as to realize beam searching and selection.
8. A satellite communication system comprising a satellite and at least one terminal according to claim 7, said satellite broadcasting beam signals of all its beams to the terminal, said terminal capturing the beam signals by means of a sliding window, the terminal measuring RSSI values of the captured beam signals, said RSSI being positively correlated with the captured beam power, and determining that the beam is an available beam when the RSSI value is greater than a reception threshold; the terminal reports the RSSI measurement results to the satellite, and the satellite performs beam allocation.
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