CN114006176A

CN114006176A - High-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna

Info

Publication number: CN114006176A
Application number: CN202111240141.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪中岳; 邓斌; 黄新宇; 张冠
Original assignee: Changsha Microbrain Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Microbrain Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-25
Filing date: 2021-10-25
Publication date: 2022-02-01

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radars, and discloses a high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna which comprises an antenna surface, a dielectric layer and a ground plate, wherein the antenna surface comprises an antenna unit, a one-to-two power divider and a feed point, the antenna unit is in a series feed mode and comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is two rows of parallel array antennas, the second end is a row of array antennas, the first end and the second end are connected by the one-to-two power divider, array elements are arranged on three rows of array antennas and the one-to-two power divider of the antenna unit, the size of the array elements on the three rows of array antennas is gradually changed, the size of the array elements close to the one-to-two power divider is maximum, the size of the array elements far away from the one-to-two power divider is smaller, and the feed point is arranged at one end, opposite to the one-to-two power divider, of the row of array antennas at the second end. The antenna of the invention adopts the layout of the knife fork array, thereby enhancing the integral gain of the antenna, compressing the main lobe bandwidth of the H surface of the antenna and enhancing the anti-interference capability of the radar.

Description

High-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave radars, and particularly relates to a high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna.

Background

With the continuous improvement of electromagnetic technology and the continuous reduction of component cost in China and the adoption of new energy industry as one of the national core development directions, civil vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar products and application thereof emerge like bamboo shoots in spring after rain. As a key link in intelligent traffic construction, the related frequency division of the millimeter wave radar for vehicles is receiving continuous attention from the national radio administration. The China radio administration stipulates 76-77GHz and 24.25-26.65GHz as the frequencies of the vehicle-mounted radar service in 2005 and 2012 respectively, and the 60GHz millimeter wave frequency band is not particularly stipulated at present, but the 60GHz millimeter wave radar is used as one of the working frequency bands of the traffic industry in Japan. With the continuous promotion of the strong national traffic strategy in China, 60GHz also becomes one of the working frequency bands of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar.

The antenna is used as a key device in the process of converting the millimeter wave electromagnetic signals, and the function of the antenna is directly related to the signal quality of a system. At present, finished products are few in the market, the problem of high development difficulty and the problem of disordered use of millimeter wave vehicle-mounted radar frequency bands in various countries exist. Chinese patent publication No. CN201510347118.6 discloses a suspended microstrip antenna array for 60GHz millimeter wave communication and an antenna thereof, wherein antenna gain is relatively low. And when the main lobe width was broad, the object outside the lane of traveling was detected easily, was unfavorable for vehicle radar remote communication and anti-interference promotion.

Disclosure of Invention

The method is used for storing key technologies for 60GHz millimeter wave products and filling up the vacancy of the 60GHz millimeter wave vehicle-mounted array antenna, and aiming at the application scene of the 60GHz long-distance vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, the working frequency of the antenna is designed in a 60-64 GHz frequency band by using simulation software based on a Rogers 3003 type high-frequency plate (the dielectric constant is 3.0, the loss tangent value is 0.001 and the thickness is 0.127 mm). By using the one-to-two power divider designed into a 'knife fork' type array element combination, the azimuth angle of the antenna is compressed, meanwhile, the high gain of 18dBi is kept, and the gradient form array element distribution is adopted to suppress the side lobe level.

The invention discloses a high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna which comprises an antenna surface, a dielectric layer and a ground plate, wherein the antenna surface comprises an antenna unit, a one-to-two power divider and a feed point, the antenna unit is in a serial feed mode, a first end is provided with two rows of parallel array antennas, a second end is provided with one row of array antennas, the first end and the second end are connected through the one-to-two power divider, array elements are arranged on three rows of array antennas and the one-to-two power divider of the antenna unit, the size of the array elements on the three rows of array antennas is gradually changed, the size of the array elements close to the one-to-two power divider is the largest, the size of the array elements far away from the one-to-two power divider is smaller, and the feed point is arranged at one end, opposite to the one-to-two power divider, of the one row of array antennas at the second end.

Furthermore, the array elements on the two columns of parallel array antennas at the first end of the antenna unit are arranged oppositely. Further, the dielectric layer is made of a Rogers 3003 type high-frequency plate, and the dielectric constant and the loss angle of the plate are respectively 3.0 and 0.001.

Further, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.127 mm.

Further, the flooring layer has a length of 70mm, a width of 65mm and a height of 0.025 mm.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. unlike most millimeter wave array antennas operating at 24GHz or 77GHz, the present invention is a high gain millimeter wave antenna operating at 60 GHz.

2. The array form of the invention is a series feed form, the first end forms a novel 'fork' array layout by using two rows of parallel array antennas, the integral gain of the antennas can be enhanced, the main lobe bandwidth of the H surface of the antennas is compressed, the energy is more concentrated, and the anti-interference capability of the radar is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of an antenna structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the antenna structure of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a diagram of an antenna array structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph of S parameters for an array antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of the array antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a comparison of the present invention with a prior art antenna;

fig. 7 is a graph comparing the H-plane main lobe beamwidth of the present invention with that of a conventional antenna.

The antenna comprises an antenna surface 1, a dielectric layer 2, a grounding plate 3, an array element 4, a power divider 5 and a power feeding point 6.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

The high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna disclosed by the invention comprises an antenna surface 1, a dielectric layer 2 and a ground plate 3, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna surface 1 includes an antenna unit 4, a one-to-two power divider 5 and a feeding point 6, wherein the antenna unit is in a serial feeding form and is in a fork shape, a first end is two columns of parallel array antennas and is a fork part of the fork shape, a second end is one column of array antennas and is a handle part of the fork shape, the first end and the second end are connected by the one-to-two power divider, array elements are arranged on three columns of array antennas and the one-to-two power divider of the antenna unit, the size of the array elements on the three columns of array antennas is gradually changed, the size of the array elements near the one-to-two power divider is the largest, the size of the array elements farther away from the one-to-two power divider is the smaller, and the feeding point is arranged at an end of the one-column array antenna at the second end opposite to the one-to-two power divider. The array element distribution in the gradual change form can effectively reduce the side lobe level.

The array elements on the two columns of parallel array antennas at the first end of the antenna unit are arranged oppositely.

In some embodiments, the first end of the antenna may be composed of three or more columns of parallel array antennas, and accordingly, the power divider connecting the first end and the second end is a one-to-three power divider or a one-to-four power divider.

Preferably, the high-frequency material used for the dielectric layer 2 is a high-frequency plate material of Rogers 3003 type, the dielectric constant and the loss angle of the plate material are respectively 3.0 and 0.001, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.127 mm.

Preferably, the ground plane layer 3 has a length of 70mm, a width of 65mm and a height of 0.025 mm. The structure of the grounding plate is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.

Fig. 4 shows the S parameter of the "cutlery" array antenna of the present invention, where the abscissa is frequency in GHz and the ordinate is the S parameter value in dB. The S parameter is a network parameter established on the basis of the relation between incident waves and reflected waves, is suitable for microwave circuit analysis, and describes a circuit network by a reflected signal of a device port and a signal transmitted from the port to another port. As can be seen, the knife-fork shaped array of the invention has good working capability within the bandwidth of 60GHz-64 GHz.

Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern (E-Plane) of a "fork" array antenna of the present invention, where the abscissa represents different angles in degrees and the ordinate represents gain values in dBi. The antenna directional pattern is generally a curved pattern in a three-dimensional space, but for convenience in engineering, the directional pattern of the antenna is often described by using cross-sectional views on two orthogonal planes in the maximum radiation direction. These two mutually orthogonal planes are referred to as major faces and are typically taken as E-plane and H-plane for polarized antennas. Plane E refers to the plane passing through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and parallel to the electric field vector, and plane H refers to the plane passing through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and parallel to the magnetic field vector. As can be seen from the figure, the two-dimensional directional diagram pitch Plane (E-Plane) peak gain of the knife-fork array antenna is 18dBi, and the antenna has a long detection distance.

Fig. 6 is a comparative schematic diagram of a comparative antenna 1 (a conventional antenna layout of the prior art) and an antenna 2 of the present invention (a "fork" antenna). Fig. 7 is a comparison graph of the H-plane main lobe beam widths of the comparative antenna 1 and the antenna 2 of the present invention at 63GHz, and the cutlery antenna of the present invention has a narrower beam width in the H-plane due to the addition of a row of elements in the horizontal plane, and the array has stronger beam directivity and low side lobe performance. For the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, the energy is more concentrated, and the anti-interference capability is stronger.

Parts of the invention not described in detail are known to the person skilled in the art.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

2. The array form of the invention is a series feed form, the first part forms a novel 'fork' array layout by using two rows of parallel array antennas, the integral gain of the antennas can be enhanced, the main lobe bandwidth of the H surface of the antennas is compressed, the energy is more concentrated, and the anti-interference capability of the radar is enhanced.

The word "preferred" is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "preferred" is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use of the word "preferred" is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. The term "or" as used in this application is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to include either of the permutations as a matter of course. That is, if X employs A; b is used as X; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied in any of the foregoing examples.

Also, although the disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or an implementation, equivalent alterations and modifications will occur to others skilled in the art based upon a reading and understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings. The present disclosure includes all such modifications and alterations, and is limited only by the scope of the appended claims. In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components (e.g., elements, etc.), the terms used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations of the disclosure. In addition, while a particular feature of the disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or other features of the other implementations as may be desired and advantageous for a given or particular application. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," has, "" contains, "or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term" comprising.

Each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or a plurality of or more than one unit are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Each apparatus or system described above may execute the storage method in the corresponding method embodiment.

In summary, the above-mentioned embodiment is an implementation manner of the present invention, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna comprises an antenna surface, a dielectric layer and a grounding plate, it is characterized in that the antenna surface comprises an antenna unit, a one-to-two power divider and a feeding point, the antenna unit is in a series feeding mode and comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is a two-column parallel array antenna, the second terminal is a column array antenna, the first terminal and the second terminal are connected by the one-to-two power divider, the array elements are arranged in the three rows of array antennas of the antenna unit and in the direction perpendicular to the three rows of array antennas of the one-to-two power divider, the size of the array elements on the three rows of array antennas is gradually changed, the size of the array elements close to the one-to-two power divider is the largest, the size of the array elements farther away from the one-to-two power divider is smaller, the feeding point is arranged at one end of the column array antenna at the second end, which is opposite to the one-to-two power divider.

2. The high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the array elements on the two columns of parallel array antennas at the first end of the antenna unit are arranged oppositely.

3. The high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is made of Rogers 3003 type high-frequency plate material, and the dielectric constant and the loss angle of the plate material are respectively 3.0 and 0.001.

4. The high-gain 60GHz millimeter-wave array antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is 0.127mm thick.

5. The high-gain 60GHz millimeter wave array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the flooring layer has a length of 70mm, a width of 65mm, and a height of 0.025 mm.