CN114001659A - Small-size whale sample morphological parameter measuring device - Google Patents
Small-size whale sample morphological parameter measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114001659A CN114001659A CN202111280611.2A CN202111280611A CN114001659A CN 114001659 A CN114001659 A CN 114001659A CN 202111280611 A CN202111280611 A CN 202111280611A CN 114001659 A CN114001659 A CN 114001659A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device which comprises a cubic measuring frame, a measuring plate, a bearing plate, a measuring barrel, a liquid level meter, a lifting hook, an electronic hanging scale, a lifter, a photographic platform and a bearing wheel. The measuring plate is provided with grid scale lines, the camera platform is arranged right above the measuring plate and at the center, the levelness and the height of the camera can be adjusted through the adjusting support, the volume measuring barrel is arranged on the bearing plate, the liquid level height of the camera platform is measured through the liquid level meter, the lifting hook is suspended on the measuring frame above the measuring barrel through the electronic hanging scale and used for measuring the weight of the sample in the air and the weight of the change after soaking, and the volume and the sectional density of the sample are calculated according to the weight and the reading of the measuring barrel. The invention can simultaneously measure the geometric dimension parameter, the appearance form parameter, the weight parameter and the volume parameter of the small whale specimen, greatly simplifies the workload and reduces the potential factor of the damage of the conventional parameter measurement method to the animal specimen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of animal research, relates to small whale specimen research auxiliary equipment, and particularly relates to a small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device.
Background
In China, the sea area is Liaokuai, more than 30 whale animals living in the sea area are in China, a large number of whale animals die after being stranded every year, and measurement of body type parameters of whale specimens is an important content for whale research. Generally, collected whale specimen body type parameters need to be accurately measured, including animal weight, body length, body circumference, volume, density, surface area and the like, and meanwhile, individual marking parameters and characteristics need to be shot through photography, and due to the fact that the whale animal body is in a fusiform shape, relevant parameters of an animal are measured accurately with certain difficulty, the integrated device is developed for the problem of accurate measurement of small whale animal body type parameters, the integrated device can be disassembled and assembled integrally, and is convenient for laboratories and field use, and the integrated device specifically comprises the following components: the device comprises a rectangular metal bottom plate with wheels, a PVC flexible cutting plate, a transparent acrylic cylindrical barrel, a support, an electronic hanging scale, a fixed pulley with a hook, a camera horizontal suspension support and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device to solve the problem that the finless porpoise specimen morphological parameter measurement in the prior art is difficult.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a small-size whale sample morphological parameter measuring device which characterized in that: the measuring device comprises a cubic measuring frame, wherein a measuring plate and a bearing plate are arranged at the bottom in the measuring frame, grid scale marks for measuring the geometric dimension of the small whale specimen are arranged on the measuring plate, and a camera capable of observing or photographing the small whale specimen is arranged on the measuring frame above the measuring plate; be equipped with the measuring bucket that is used for measuring small-size whale sample volume and weight on the bearing plate, splendid attire water in the measuring bucket, the measuring bucket still is equipped with the level gauge of liquid level in the measuring bucket, be equipped with the lifting hook of hoist and mount small-size whale sample on the measuring frame of measuring bucket top, to the electron steelyard that hoist and mount small-size whale sample and the elevating system that can hoist small-size whale sample, the lifting hook passes through the electron steelyard and installs on elevating system.
Furthermore, the measuring frame is composed of a bottom rectangular frame, a top rectangular frame and an upright post connecting the two rectangular frames, the upright post is a hydraulic telescopic rod capable of adjusting the height, and the measuring plate and the bearing plate are both arranged on the bottom rectangular frame.
Furthermore, four corners of the bottom rectangular frame are respectively provided with universal wheels with brakes.
Furthermore, a ladder convenient for mounting the camera is arranged between the bottom rectangular frame and the top rectangular frame.
Furthermore, a hoisting frame for installing a lifting mechanism is arranged on the top rectangular frame; the lifting mechanism comprises a supporting beam, a fixed pulley, a pull rope and a winch, the supporting beam is installed on a hoisting frame, the fixed pulley is installed at the bottom of the supporting beam, the winch is installed on a measuring frame, the lifting hook is installed at the lower end of the electronic hanging scale, the upper end of the electronic hanging scale is connected with the pull rope, and the pull rope is connected to the winch after bypassing the fixed pulley, so that the lifting hook is hung above the measuring barrel.
Further, the supporting beam is installed on the hoisting frame through the translation mechanism, so that the lifting hook can move right above and on the side of the measuring barrel, and small whale samples can be conveniently loaded into and taken out of the measuring barrel.
Further, be equipped with two guide rails on the hoist and mount frame, a supporting beam both ends are equipped with the spout of installing on two guide rails, and the guide rail inboard is equipped with the rack, be equipped with on the supporting beam with rack toothing's gear, the gear passes through translation motor or rocking handle drive, drives a supporting beam and its below lifting hook along the guide rail round trip movement of hoist and mount frame through rack and pinion structure.
Furthermore, the measuring plate is made of a PVC plate, the grid scale marks are formed by staggering longitudinal scale marks and transverse scale marks, the longitudinal scale marks and the transverse scale marks are marked by different colors, and the scales of the grid scale marks are accurate to millimeters.
Furthermore, the liquid level meter is a cylindrical pipe made of transparent materials, scale marks for reading the height are arranged on the cylindrical pipe, the scale marks are accurate to millimeters, and the cylindrical pipe is connected with the measuring barrel through a communicating pipe.
Further, the measuring barrel is a cylindrical barrel made of transparent acrylic materials, and the liquid level meter is made of transparent PVC pipes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the miniature whale specimen body length measuring device can be integrally disassembled, assembled and moved, is convenient for being used in laboratories and in the field, can simultaneously measure parameters such as body length, body width, weight, volume, density and surface area of a miniature whale specimen, and is also provided with a camera fixing plate for shooting a standard posture picture of the specimen, so that the workload can be greatly simplified, the efficiency and the accuracy of measuring the body shape parameters of the miniature whale specimen are improved, and meanwhile, the damage of the parameter measuring process to the specimen can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device of the invention.
1-measuring frame, 101-bottom rectangular frame, 102-top rectangular frame, 103-upright post, 104-cross beam, 105-longitudinal beam, 107-hoisting frame, 108-guide rail, 2-measuring plate, 3-bearing plate, 4-ladder, 5-camera, 6-photographic platform, 7-measuring barrel, 8-lifting hook, 9-electronic hanging scale, 10-fixed pulley, 11-supporting beam, 12-winch, 13-universal wheel, 14-rack, 15-translation motor, 16-chute, 17-gear and 18-liquid level meter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a small-sized whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device, which comprises a cubic measuring frame 1, wherein a measuring plate 2 and a bearing plate 3 are arranged at the bottom in the measuring frame 1, grid scale lines for measuring the geometric dimension of the small-sized whale specimen are arranged on the measuring plate 2, and a camera 5 capable of observing or photographing the small-sized whale specimen is arranged on the measuring frame 1 above the measuring plate 2; be equipped with on the bearing plate 3 and be used for measuring bucket 7 of small-size whale sample volume and weight, splendid attire water in the measuring bucket 7 for measure the volume of animal, measure 7 bottoms intercommunication level gauges 18 of bucket, be equipped with the lifting hook 8 of hoist and mount small-size whale sample on the measuring frame 1 of measuring bucket 7 top, lifting hook 8 passes through electron steelyard 9 and installs on elevating system.
The measuring frame 1 comprises a bottom rectangular frame 101, a top rectangular frame 102 and a vertical column 103 for connecting the two rectangular frames, wherein the bottom rectangular frame 101 and the top rectangular frame 102 are completely the same and are formed by sequentially connecting two cross beams 104 and two longitudinal beams 105, a hoisting frame 107 is arranged above the right side of the top rectangular frame 102, a lifting hook is lifted through the hoisting frame 107, so that a specimen is conveniently hoisted, the hoisting frame 107 is also a cuboid frame, and the two longitudinal beams with the tops parallel to the longitudinal beams 105 are used as guide rails 108; as a preferred embodiment, the upright posts 103 are hydraulic telescopic rods with adjustable heights, so that the height of the top rectangular frame 102 can be adjusted to an optimal measurement height, so as to adapt to the measurement of small whale specimens with different sizes and prevent the small whale specimens from being damaged by excessive lifting.
It should be noted that the upright column 103 of the present invention may adopt a hydraulic telescopic rod, or may adopt an upright column 103 with a fixed height, and when adopting a hydraulic telescopic rod, it may adopt a telescopic structure in the prior art, or may adopt an electric or hydraulic telescopic structure.
In order to improve the moving performance, four corners of the bottom rectangular frame 101 are provided with universal wheels 13 with brakes, so that the measuring frame 1 can move.
In order to facilitate the installation of the camera 5 and the direct observation of human eyes, a ladder 4 is arranged between the bottom rectangular frame 101 and the top rectangular frame 102, and a person can directly climb onto the top rectangular frame 102 through the ladder 4. In order to mount the camera 5 and adjust the observation height, a camera platform 6 can be arranged on the top rectangular frame 102, in order to adjust the levelness of the camera, the camera 5 is mounted on the camera platform 6 through an adjusting bracket, the levelness and the height of the camera are adjusted through an adjusting bracket (not shown in the figure), and in addition, a level laser instrument can be arranged for feedback correction of the levelness and measurement of the distance between the measuring plate and the measuring plate.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lifting mechanism comprises a supporting beam 11, a fixed pulley 10, a pull rope and a winch 12, wherein the supporting beam 11 is installed on a hoisting frame 107, the fixed pulley 10 is installed at the bottom of the supporting beam 11, the winch 12 is installed on two upright posts 103 on the side surface of the measuring frame 1 through a support, the lifting hook 8 is installed at the lower end of the electronic hanging scale 9, the upper end of the electronic hanging scale 9 is connected with the pull rope, and the pull rope is connected to the winch 12 after bypassing the fixed pulley 10, so that the lifting hook 8 is hung above the measuring barrel 7; the weight of the small whale specimen in the air and the changed weight after the small whale specimen is soaked are measured through the electronic hanging scale, and the sectional density and the average density of the specimen can be calculated according to the weight change and the sectional volume measured by the measuring barrel 7.
The support beam 11 is mounted on the lifting frame 107 by a translation mechanism so that the hook 8 can move right above and sideways to the measuring bucket 7 to load and unload the small whale specimen into and out of the measuring bucket 7. In the implementation of the invention, the two ends of the supporting beam 11 are provided with sliding grooves 16 for being mounted on two guide rails 108, the inner sides of the guide rails 108 are provided with racks 14, the supporting beam 11 is provided with gears 17 engaged with the racks, the gears 17 are driven by a translation motor 15 or a rocking handle, and the supporting beam 11 and the lifting hook 8 below the supporting beam are driven by a gear and rack structure to move back and forth along the guide rails 108 on the hoisting frame 107.
As a preferred embodiment, the measuring plate 2 is made of PVC plate, the grid scale marks are composed of interlaced longitudinal scale marks and transverse scale marks, and the longitudinal scale marks and the transverse scale marks are marked with different colors to the accuracy of 1 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the liquid level meter 18 is a cylindrical tube made of transparent material, the cylindrical tube is provided with scale marks for reading height, the accuracy is 1mm, and the cylindrical tube is connected with the measuring barrel 7 through a communicating tube.
As a preferred embodiment, the measuring barrel 7 is a cylindrical barrel made of transparent acrylic material, and the liquid level gauge 18 is made of transparent PVC pipe.
The invention provides an illustration for manufacturing a small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. the manufacturing method comprises the steps of manufacturing rectangular frames, connecting a steel structure into two 1500mm 3000mm rectangular frames by using 304 stainless steel square tubes with the side length of 50mm, wherein the two rectangular frames are respectively used as a bottom rectangular frame 101 and a top rectangular frame 102, installing wheels with brakes at the bottoms of 4 corners of the bottom rectangular frame 101, constructing supports for installing upright posts 103 at four corners of the bottom rectangular frame 101, constructing a hoisting frame 107 on the top rectangular frame 102, and setting two longitudinal beams at the top of the hoisting frame 107 as guide rails 108.
2. The measuring plate 2 is blue and flexible, a PVC rubber plate with the thickness of 3mm is purchased on the market, the specification is 1500mm x 2000mm, white small squares are drawn by taking 5mm as a unit, scales are marked on the periphery by mm units, grid scale marks of blue-bottom white characters are finally formed, the measuring plate 2 is installed at the left end of the bottom rectangular frame 101 after being manufactured, a stainless steel plate with the size of 1500mm x 900mm is drawn, and the stainless steel plate is installed at the right end of the bottom rectangular frame 101 to serve as the bearing plate 3.
3. Manufacturing a measuring barrel 7, namely taking a transparent acrylic cylindrical tube with the diameter of 800mm, sealing the bottom, wherein the length of the cylinder is 2000-2500mm, (note: the length is determined according to the length of the animal body to be measured), a small hole with the diameter of 20mm is tightly attached to the upper part of the sealed bottom and is used as a communicating hole, a 4-branch water tank joint with internal threads is installed in the communicating hole, the water tank joint is installed firstly, and then the bottom is sealed, so that the measuring barrel 7 is formed; the level gauge 18 is made, a 4-minute transparent PVC pipe is taken, the length is equal to the height of the measuring barrel 7, a paper non-setting adhesive graduated scale is pasted on the transparent PVC pipe, then a communicating pipe is used for connecting the water tank connector with the transparent PVC pipe, the bottom of the transparent PVC pipe is sealed, a 4-minute pipe clamp is pasted on the acrylic barrel at intervals of 500mm, the transparent PVC pipe is fixed to be in a vertical state through the pipe clamp, and the level gauge 18 is made.
4. Measuring frame 1 installation preparation, according to the measurement of measuring different kinds of body length animals, design into can over-and-under type measuring frame 1, at four angle installation hydraulic telescoping rod of bottom rectangular frame 101, at the installation of hydraulic telescoping rod top rectangular frame 102 completion measuring frame 1's installation, when hydraulic telescoping rod's height was not enough, can set up stainless steel square pipe as the stand and increase measuring frame's overall height at hydraulic telescoping rod's top and bottom.
A steel plate with the size of 1500mm & lt 000 & gt is arranged on two longitudinal beams 105 of the top rectangular frame 102 above the measuring plate 2 to serve as a photographing platform 6, and a round hole is formed in the middle of the photographing platform 6 and used for installing a camera 5 or observing by human eyes.
A supporting beam 11 is installed on a hoisting frame 107, taking the driving of a translation motor as an example, a translation motor 15 is installed on the end part of the supporting beam 11, a fixed pulley 10 is installed in the middle part, a rack 14 is installed on the inner side of a guide rail 108 of the hoisting frame 107, a gear 17 is installed on an output shaft of the translation motor 15, and a winch 12 is installed on the upper parts of two upright posts 103 on the right side through a bracket; fixing a lifting hook 8 at the bottom of an electronic hanging scale 9, fixing the top of the electronic hanging scale 9 on a pull rope, and winding the pull rope on a winch 12 after the pull rope passes through a fixed pulley 10; and finishing the manufacture of the small whale specimen morphological parameter measuring device.
For the installation of the measuring frame 1, the invention also provides another manufacturing method, according to the measurement of animals with different body lengths, the invention is designed into a liftable measuring frame 1, a stainless steel square tube with the size larger than that of a rectangular frame is selected to manufacture the lower upright post 103, specifically, a square tube with the side length of 60mm and the wall thickness of 2mm is used, the stainless steel square tube with the length of 2000mm is installed on 4 supports to form an outer sleeve at the lower part of the upright post 103, then 4 square pipes with the side length of 50mm and the height of 4000mm are respectively arranged in each outer sleeve as inner pipes, screw holes are arranged at different heights on the outer sleeve and the inner pipe and are connected by bolts to form a column 103, the height adjustment of the upright post 103 is completed by selecting screw holes with different heights to be connected, and the top rectangular frame 102 is connected to the tops of the four inner pipes through a steel structure, so that the installation of the liftable measuring frame 1 is completed.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the morphological parameters of the finless porpoise specimen, which comprises the following steps:
1. when an animal is measured for a long time, a small whale specimen is carried to the measuring plate 2 through manpower or external force, then the tail of the animal is aligned to the zero scale line on the scale plate, and the head of the animal is tightly attached to the vertical scale plate through the flat ruler. The body length of the animal can be read directly from the vertical point of the scale on the long edge of the scale plate and the ruler.
2. And (5) photographic identification. After the animal body length is measured, the measuring plate 2 is horizontally placed, the camera 5 is placed in a circular hole in the middle of the photographing platform 6, the lens is vertically downward, the vertical distance between the lens and the measuring plate 2 is 4 m, the animal is moved, and photographing is carried out in different positions.
3. Measuring weight and volume, firstly filling 1/3 fresh water into a measuring barrel 7 made of transparent acrylic, moving a lifting hook 8 to the upper part of a measuring plate 2 through a translation mechanism, binding the tail part of an animal on the lifting hook 8 by a rope, slowly lifting the animal to the top of the acrylic barrel through the rope and a winch 12 which are wound on a pulley, and simultaneously matching with the translation mechanism to make the lifting hook 8 translate to the upper part of the measuring barrel 7, then controlling the winch 12 to release a pull rope, slowly putting a small whale specimen into the barrel, reading the scales of liquid in the barrel which is put into different sections of the animal from the scales on a transparent PVC pipe outside the measuring barrel 7 according to the principle of the connector, and recording the unit of the rising liquid level, because the inner diameter of the measuring barrel 7 is known, the accurate volume of the animal which is put into each section of the liquid can be calculated according to a cylinder volume formula, when the whole animal is completely placed in the barrel, the head of the animal does not contact with the bottom of the acrylic round barrel, and the tail of the animal completely submerges in the liquid, the volume of the whole animal can be accurately calculated according to the scales on the transparent PVC pipe on the outer wall of the recording barrel.
The volume and weight formula is derived from the following calculation formula:
measuring the inner diameter R of the barrel 7;
the inner diameter r of the cylindrical tube as the level gauge 18;
animal weight readings: m0；
Reading at full immersion: mi；
P% immersion at length reading: mip；
Actual volume measurement:
initial page height: h0；
Reading at full immersion: hi；
P% immersion at length reading: hip；
Buoyancy of animal when submerged FFloating body；
The volume of the Hydrostatic Weighing Method (Hydrostatic Weighing Method) was calculated as follows:
volume at full immersion Vi；
FFloating body＝ρ*g*Vi；
FFloating body＝M0–Mi；
Vi＝(M0–Mi)/(ρ*g)；
Immersion P% body length time volume Vip；
FFloating body＝ρ*g*Vip；
FFloating body＝M0–Mip；
Vip＝(M0–Mip)/(ρ*g)；
The Displacement volume Method (Water Displacement Method) volume is calculated as follows:
volume at full immersion V'i；
V'iA delta V measuring cylinder column + a delta V acrylic cylinder barrel;
＝(H0–Hi)*π*(r2+R2)/4；
immersion P% body length time volume Vip；
V'ipA delta V measuring cylinder column + a delta V acrylic cylinder barrel;
＝(H0–Hip)*π*(r2+R2)/4；
is totally produced fromVolume at immersion ViAveraging;
Viaverage is (V)i+V'i)/2；
Immersion P% body length time volume VipAveraging;
Vipaverage is (V)ip+V'ip)/2。
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a small-size whale sample morphological parameter measuring device which characterized in that: the measuring device comprises a cubic measuring frame, wherein a measuring plate and a bearing plate are arranged at the bottom in the measuring frame, grid scale marks for measuring the geometric dimension of the small whale specimen are arranged on the measuring plate, and a camera capable of observing or photographing the small whale specimen is arranged on the measuring frame above the measuring plate; be equipped with the measuring bucket that is used for measuring small-size whale sample volume and weight on the bearing plate, splendid attire water in the measuring bucket, the measuring bucket still is equipped with the level gauge of liquid level in the measuring bucket, be equipped with the lifting hook of hoist and mount small-size whale sample on the measuring frame of measuring bucket top, to the electron steelyard that hoist and mount small-size whale sample and the elevating system that can hoist small-size whale sample, the lifting hook passes through the electron steelyard and installs on elevating system.
2. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring frame is composed of a bottom rectangular frame, a top rectangular frame and an upright post connecting the two rectangular frames, the upright post is a hydraulic telescopic rod capable of adjusting the height, and the measuring plate and the bearing plate are both arranged on the bottom rectangular frame.
3. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 2, wherein: four angles in the bottom of the rectangular frame are provided with universal wheels with brakes.
4. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a ladder convenient for mounting the camera is arranged between the bottom rectangular frame and the top rectangular frame.
5. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a hoisting frame for installing a lifting mechanism is arranged on the top rectangular frame; the lifting mechanism comprises a supporting beam, a fixed pulley, a pull rope and a winch, the supporting beam is installed on a hoisting frame, the fixed pulley is installed at the bottom of the supporting beam, the winch is installed on a measuring frame, the lifting hook is installed at the lower end of the electronic hanging scale, the upper end of the electronic hanging scale is connected with the pull rope, and the pull rope is connected to the winch after bypassing the fixed pulley, so that the lifting hook is hung above the measuring barrel.
6. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the supporting beam is installed on the hoisting frame through the translation mechanism, so that the lifting hook can move right above and on the side of the measuring barrel, and small whale specimens can be put into and taken out of the measuring barrel.
7. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the lifting frame is provided with two guide rails, two ends of the supporting beam are provided with sliding grooves which are arranged on the two guide rails, racks are arranged on the inner sides of the guide rails, the supporting beam is provided with gears which are meshed with the racks, the gears are driven by a translation motor or a rocking handle, and the supporting beam and a lifting hook below the supporting beam are driven by a gear-rack structure to move back and forth along the guide rails of the lifting frame.
8. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the measuring plate is made of a PVC plate, the grid scale marks are formed by staggering longitudinal scale marks and transverse scale marks, the longitudinal scale marks and the transverse scale marks are marked by different colors, and the scales of the grid scale marks are accurate to millimeters.
9. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the liquid level meter is a cylindrical pipe made of transparent materials, the cylindrical pipe is provided with scale marks for reading the height, the scale marks are accurate to millimeters, and the cylindrical pipe is connected with the measuring barrel through a communicating pipe.
10. The apparatus for measuring morphological parameters of small whale specimens as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the measuring barrel is a cylindrical barrel made of transparent acrylic materials, and the liquid level meter is made of transparent PVC pipes.
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2021
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