CN114000943A - Internal combustion power generation device and unmanned aerial vehicle power system - Google Patents
Internal combustion power generation device and unmanned aerial vehicle power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114000943A CN114000943A CN202010738478.XA CN202010738478A CN114000943A CN 114000943 A CN114000943 A CN 114000943A CN 202010738478 A CN202010738478 A CN 202010738478A CN 114000943 A CN114000943 A CN 114000943A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
- F02B71/04—Adaptations of such engines for special use; Combinations of such engines with apparatus driven thereby
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/026—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants comprising different types of power plants, e.g. combination of a piston engine and a gas-turbine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
- B64U50/10—Propulsion
- B64U50/11—Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
- B64U50/10—Propulsion
- B64U50/19—Propulsion using electrically powered motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B73/00—Combinations of two or more engines, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
- H02K7/1884—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts structurally associated with free piston engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of aviation power, and provides an internal combustion power generation device and an unmanned aerial vehicle power system. The internal combustion power generation device comprises a machine shell, an internal combustion engine, a linear generator and a plate spring, wherein the internal combustion engine, the linear generator and the plate spring are fixedly arranged in the machine shell, the internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder and a free piston matched with the cylinder, the linear generator comprises a permanent magnet serving as a rotor and a coil serving as a stator, the free piston and the permanent magnet are fixedly connected through a main shaft, and a central hole of the plate spring is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft. According to the internal combustion power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the free piston type internal combustion engine and the linear generator are combined, and when the free piston type internal combustion engine and the linear generator are connected with the motor to provide power for the unmanned aerial vehicle, the long-endurance requirement can be met; no lateral force exists between the piston and the cylinder, so that the abrasion between the piston and the cylinder is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the noise of the system is reduced; the plate spring can store energy to ensure the circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation power, in particular to an internal combustion power generation device and an unmanned aerial vehicle power system.
Background
Since the birth of 20 th century, aeronautical technology has been one of the important technologies of human beings, and the aeronautical power has been the difficulty and key in aeronautical technology. With the development of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the demand on the engine of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increasingly intensified, and the engine with excellent performance and low price is increasingly popular, so that the direction and the target are provided for the development of the engine technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Many unmanned aerial vehicles use the motor as the power supply, but the energy density of present battery is low, causes unmanned aerial vehicle's time of endurance short, has restricted service environment. Still many unmanned aerial vehicles use reciprocating piston engine as the power supply, but reciprocating piston engine need connect piston and bent axle with the help of the crank connecting rod, converts the reciprocating motion of piston into the rotary motion of bent axle, leads to piston and cylinder wall to produce the yawing force for piston or cylinder receive wearing and tearing, cause irreversible loss, reduce its life, and efficiency also hardly improves, and the noise is big, has restricted application range.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an internal combustion power generation device and an unmanned aerial vehicle power system, which are used for solving the problem that the endurance time is short when a motor is adopted as a power source on the existing unmanned aerial vehicle; and when the reciprocating piston engine is adopted as a power source, the service life is short and the noise is large.
The embodiment of the invention provides an internal combustion power generation device which comprises a machine shell, an internal combustion engine, a linear generator and a plate spring, wherein the internal combustion engine, the linear generator and the plate spring are fixedly arranged in the machine shell, the internal combustion engine comprises an air cylinder and a free piston matched with the air cylinder, the linear generator comprises a permanent magnet serving as a rotor and a coil serving as a stator, the free piston and the permanent magnet are fixedly connected through a main shaft, and a central hole of the plate spring is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft.
According to the internal combustion power generation device of one embodiment of the invention, two plate springs are arranged at intervals.
According to the internal combustion power generation device of one embodiment of the present invention, the free piston has an internal hollow structure, the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine communicates with the inside of the free piston, and the outer peripheral end surface of the free piston is provided with a plurality of vent holes.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the internal combustion power generation device comprises a plurality of internal combustion engines and a plurality of linear generators, free pistons of the internal combustion engines and permanent magnets of the linear generators are respectively and fixedly connected through the main shaft in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the internal combustion engines are distributed in an annular array, and the free pistons of the internal combustion engines synchronously move relative to the center of the annular array.
According to the internal combustion power generation device of one embodiment of the invention, the internal combustion engine and the linear generators are two, the two linear generators are arranged oppositely, and free pistons of the two internal combustion engines move relatively.
According to the internal combustion power generation device of one embodiment of the invention, the fit clearance between the free piston and the cylinder is 10-20 μm.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a power system which comprises an electric motor and any one of the internal combustion power generation devices, wherein the coil is connected with the input end of the electric motor.
The power system further comprises a controller, wherein an oil injector is connected to an oil injection port of the internal combustion engine, and the controller is electrically connected with the oil injector.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the power system further comprises an energy storage battery, a position sensor and a commutator, wherein the input end of the energy storage battery and the input end of the motor are respectively and electrically connected with the coil through the commutator, the output end of the energy storage battery is also electrically connected with the motor, the position sensor is mounted on the free piston or the spindle, and the controller is electrically connected with the position sensor, the energy storage battery and the commutator.
According to the unmanned aerial vehicle power system of one embodiment of the present invention, the motor is a brushless motor.
According to the internal combustion power generation device and the power system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the free piston type internal combustion engine is combined with the linear generator, the free piston of the internal combustion engine is connected with the coil of the linear generator through the main shaft, and the kinetic energy generated by the internal combustion engine is continuously transmitted to the linear generator for power generation. When the power supply device is connected with the motor to provide power for the unmanned aerial vehicle, compared with the situation that the motor is used as a power source independently, the power demand and the long endurance demand of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be met; compared with the reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine used as a power source, the reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine has the advantages that the crank connecting rod and the crankshaft are reduced, the lateral force between the piston and the cylinder is avoided, the abrasion between the piston and the cylinder is reduced, the service life of the whole device is prolonged, the noise of a power system is reduced, and the reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine is green and environment-friendly; the plate spring can provide energy storage when the free piston moves towards a bottom dead center so as to ensure that the coil and the free piston move reversely after the fuel works and ensure the circulation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an internal combustion power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of a free piston in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a housing; 2. an internal combustion engine; 21. a cylinder; 211. an oil injection port; 212. an exhaust valve; 22. a piston; 221. a vent hole; 3. a linear generator; 31. a permanent magnet; 32. a coil; 33. internally returning iron; 34. returning iron outside; 4. a plate spring; 5. a main shaft; 61. an electric motor; 62. a controller; 63. an oil injector; 64. a battery; 65. a position sensor; 66. a commutator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
An internal combustion power generation device of an embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is used for being connected with a motor to provide power for an unmanned aerial vehicle. The internal combustion power generation device comprises a machine shell 1, an internal combustion engine 2, a linear generator 3 and a plate spring 4, wherein the internal combustion engine 2, the linear generator 3 and the plate spring 4 are fixedly installed in the machine shell 1, the internal combustion engine 2 comprises a cylinder 21 and a free piston 22 matched with the cylinder 21, the linear generator 3 comprises a permanent magnet 31 serving as a rotor and a coil 32 serving as a stator, the free piston 22 and the permanent magnet 31 are fixedly connected through a main shaft 5, and a central hole of the plate spring 4 is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 5. The coil 32 is a ring coil, and the permanent magnet 31 is a ring magnet. The fit clearance between the annular coil and the annular magnet is not more than 0.6mm, so that the electric quantity loss is reduced. The permanent magnet 31 is provided with an annular inner return iron 33 and an annular outer return iron 34 for magnetic conduction inside and outside, respectively, and the coil 32 is provided inside the outer return iron 34.
Specifically, the cylinder 21 is provided with an oil injection port 211 and an exhaust valve 212. When the fuel injection valve is used, fuel such as aviation gasoline and air is injected into the cylinder from the fuel injection port 211, the fuel is ignited and combusted in the cylinder 21 to generate power, the main shaft 5 is pushed to do linear motion, the main shaft 5 drives the permanent magnet 31 to do linear motion, and the plate spring 4 stores energy in the process; after the fuel finishes doing work, the energy storage of the plate spring 4 drives the main shaft 5 to move reversely so as to drive the free piston 22 to move towards the top dead center direction of the cylinder 21, and the exhaust valve 212 is opened to exhaust the exhaust steam, thereby completing a cycle. The permanent magnet 31 reciprocates in the magnetic field, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated in the permanent magnet 31, and the coil 32 induces an electromotive force in the alternating magnetic field. Thereby realizing the conversion of the chemical energy of the fuel into the mechanical energy and then into the electric energy.
The initial position of the free piston 22 may be close to the top dead center of the cylinder 21, so that when the free piston 22 is pushed to reach the bottom dead center after entering the cylinder 21 from the oil injection port, the plate spring 4 may store sufficient energy to enable the free piston 22 to return to the top dead center. If the free piston 22 is not at the top dead center position, the free piston 22 may be returned to the top dead center position by applying a current to the permanent magnet 31, and then injecting fuel into the cylinder 21.
According to the internal combustion engine power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the free piston type internal combustion engine 2 and the linear generator 3 are combined, the free piston 22 of the internal combustion engine 2 is connected with the permanent magnet 31 of the linear generator 3 through the main shaft 5, and the kinetic energy generated by the internal combustion engine 2 is continuously transmitted to the linear generator 3 for power generation. When the energy density of the aviation gasoline is almost 50 times of that of the existing battery with the best performance, the aviation gasoline with unit mass has higher energy and can achieve longer aviation time; compared with the traditional reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine which is used as a power source, the reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine has the advantages that the crank connecting rod and the crankshaft are reduced, the lateral force between the piston 22 and the cylinder 21 is avoided, the abrasion between the piston 22 and the cylinder 21 is reduced, the service life of the whole device is prolonged, the noise of a power system is reduced, and the reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine is green and environment-friendly; the plate spring 4 can provide energy storage when the free piston 22 moves towards the bottom dead center, so as to ensure that after the fuel works, the energy of the reverse movement of the permanent magnet 31 and the free piston 22 is provided, and the circulation is ensured.
In order to provide more stable radial support for the main shaft 5 and ensure the coaxiality of the main shaft 5, the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21, in an embodiment of the invention, two plate springs 4 are provided, and the two plate springs 4 are arranged at intervals. Because a certain gap exists between the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21, under the condition that other factors such as installation errors and the like are not considered, the two plate springs 4 can stably support the free piston 22 between the inner walls of the cylinder 21, so that friction is not generated between the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21, the loss caused by friction is reduced, and the service life can be prolonged. Because no friction is realized, lubricating oil lubrication is not needed in the cylinder, so that parts such as an oil separator and the like are reduced, the weight of the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the reliability is improved.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of a free piston according to an embodiment of the present invention. In another embodiment of the present invention, the free piston 22 has a hollow structure, the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine 2 communicates with the interior of the free piston 22, the outer peripheral end surface of the free piston 22 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 221, and the vent holes 221 communicate the interior of the free piston 22 with the cylinder 21. The exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 2 is introduced into the free piston 22 and then ejected from the plurality of vent holes 221, thereby providing air-floating support for the free piston 22, reducing contact between the free piston 22 and the inner wall of the cylinder 21 during actual operation, reducing friction therebetween, and improving reliability of the internal combustion engine 2. In addition, since a large amount of carbon dioxide exists in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 2 and the carbon dioxide has a high specific heat capacity, it can absorb a large amount of heat after entering the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 from the vent hole 221, and lower the combustion temperature in the cylinder 21, thereby reducing NOXThe generation of the catalyst reduces the environmental pollution. Wherein a plurality of vent holes 2The free pistons 22 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral end surfaces of the free pistons 22 in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, and the arrangement density is reasonably determined according to the weight of the free pistons 22.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fit clearance between the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21 is 10-20 μm. Considering the assembly error and the actual working condition, there is a certain friction between the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21, so the surface roughness of the free piston 22 and the cylinder 21 is generally controlled to be less than 0.4.
In order to reduce the axial vibration, as shown in fig. 1, the internal combustion power generation device in the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of internal combustion engines 2 and a plurality of linear generators 3, wherein the free pistons 22 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 and the permanent magnets 31 of the plurality of linear generators 3 are respectively and fixedly connected through the main shaft 5 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 are distributed in an annular array, and the free pistons 22 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 synchronously move relative to the center of the annular array. Namely, a plurality of linear generators 3 are driven by a plurality of internal combustion engines 2 to do work and generate electricity simultaneously.
Or, on the basis of reducing the axial vibration, in order to make the structure of the internal combustion power generation device more compact, the internal combustion power generation device in the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, the linear generator 3 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 31 and a plurality of groups of coils 32 which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, free pistons of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 and the plurality of permanent magnets 31 are respectively and fixedly connected through the main shaft 5 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 are distributed in an annular array, and the free pistons 22 of the plurality of internal combustion engines move synchronously relative to the center of the annular array. That is, the internal combustion engines 2 do work to drive the permanent magnets 31 in the same linear generator 3 to move, and simultaneously generate electricity.
By controlling the amount of oil fed to the cylinder 21, the free pistons 22 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 are moved synchronously with respect to the center of the annular array such that the center axis of each free piston 22 passes through the center of the annular array, whereby axial vibrations generated in the reciprocating motion of the free piston 22 and the moving parts such as the plate spring 4 are cancelled out. The internal combustion power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can also obtain different generated energy by selecting different numbers of internal combustion engines 2 to work. Of course, to reduce the vibrations generated by the entire apparatus, the operating internal combustion engine 2 needs to be arranged in a central symmetry with respect to the center of the annular array, so as to ensure that the axial vibrations of the moving parts during operation can cancel each other out.
For example, when the number of the internal combustion engines 2 is three, the axes of the free pistons 22 of every two adjacent internal combustion engines 2 are distributed at an angle of 120 °, and the three internal combustion engines 2 are fixedly connected with the permanent magnets 31 of three linear generators 3 or the three permanent magnets 31 of the same linear generator 3 through the main shaft 5. When three internal combustion engines 2 are controlled to simultaneously feed oil, and the oil feeding amount is the same, the axial vibration generated by the movement of the free piston 22, the main shaft 5, the plate spring 4 and the permanent magnet 31 corresponding to the three internal combustion engines can be counteracted mutually.
Fig. 1 shows a case with two internal combustion engines 2 and two linear generators 3, where the two linear generators 3 are arranged opposite to each other, and when the two internal combustion engines 2 are controlled to simultaneously feed oil and the oil feed amounts are the same, the free pistons 22 of the two internal combustion engines 2 can relatively move synchronously, so that the axial vibrations generated by the moving parts in the two internal combustion engines 2 and the two linear generators 3 cancel each other out. Wherein, two linear generators 3 can be integrated into a linear generator, that is, a linear generator includes two permanent magnets 31 and two sets of coils 32 that are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the structure of the device is more compact.
The power system of the embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an electric motor 61 and the internal combustion power generation device according to the above embodiment, and the coil 32 is connected to an input end of the electric motor 61. The electricity generated by the internal combustion power generation device is directly supplied to the motor 61 for use, so that power is provided for the unmanned aerial vehicle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the motor 61 is a brushless motor, which may be an ac brushless motor or a dc brushless motor, and when the motor is a dc brushless motor, the linear generator 3 and the dc brushless motor should be connected through a commutator.
Further, the power system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a controller 62, the fuel injection port 211 of the internal combustion engine is connected with a fuel injector 63, and the controller 62 is electrically connected with the fuel injector 63. By controlling the injection time of the injector 63, the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine 2 can be adjusted, and higher thermal efficiency can be achieved. The frequency of the movement of the internal combustion engine 2 can also be brought to the resonance frequency of the moving parts such as the free piston 22 and the leaf spring 4 by adjusting the injection time, at which the free piston 22 can perform a large displacement operation. In addition, the resonance frequency is made different from the natural frequency of the plate spring 4 so as not to damage the plate spring 4. When the power system comprises a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, the oil injection ports 211 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 can be connected with the same oil injector 63, or each internal combustion engine 2 can be connected with different oil injectors 63. The oil injection time of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2 is simultaneously controlled by the controller 62, so that the overall thermal efficiency of the whole power system is adjusted, and the oil inlet amount of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 is controlled, so that the free piston 22 in each internal combustion engine 2 has the same power, and thus when the free pistons 22 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2 are distributed in a circular matrix, the axial vibration of the power parts corresponding to each internal combustion engine 2 can be ensured to be mutually offset, so that the vibration and the noise of the whole power system are reduced.
Further, the power system provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes an energy storage battery 64, a position sensor 65 and a commutator 66, an input end of the energy storage battery 64 and an input end of the motor 61 are respectively electrically connected with the coil 32 through the commutator 66, an output end of the battery 64 is connected with the coil 32 through the commutator 66, an output end of the energy storage battery 64 is also electrically connected with the motor 61, the position sensor 65 is mounted on the free piston 22 or the main shaft 5, and the controller 62 is electrically connected with the position sensor 65, the energy storage battery 64 and the commutator 66.
The initial position of the free piston 22 is generally set at the top dead center position of the cylinder 21, so that the injector 63 can be directly controlled to inject fuel into the cylinder 21, the system starts, and the plate spring 4 can store enough energy during the first cycle to ensure the subsequent cycle work.
However, in some extreme conditions, such as when the system is stopped and the free piston 22 has not returned to the initial top dead center position, the free piston 22 may need to be adjusted to the top dead center position if the system is started again. At this time, the controller 62 controls the battery 64 and the commutator 66 to apply current to the coil 32 in the corresponding direction, so that the permanent magnet 31 drives the free piston 22 to move back to the top dead center direction. When the position sensor 65 senses that the piston 22 reaches the top dead center position, the controller 62 controls the fuel injector 63 to inject fuel into the cylinder 21, the internal combustion engine 2 is started to start to do work, the free piston 22 starts to move towards the bottom dead center direction, at this time, the controller 62 controls the battery 64 to stop energizing the coil 32, the free piston 22 drives the main shaft 5 and the permanent magnet 31 to move together, and the coil 32 induces electromotive force in the alternating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 31 and supplies power to the motor 61. In the process, the leaf spring 4 stores energy. When the free piston 22 moves to the lower extreme point, the plate spring 4 starts to release energy to drive the main shaft 5 to move towards the top dead center, so that the free piston 22 returns to the top dead center, the exhaust valve 212 is opened to exhaust gas, and the cycle is repeated.
When the internal combustion power generation device in the power system includes a plurality of linear generators 3 or one linear generator 3 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 31, different free pistons 22 may be located at different positions of the cylinder 21 due to friction between the piston 22 and the cylinder 21, and at this time, each free piston 22 needs to be adjusted to the same position of the corresponding cylinder 21 to ensure synchronous motion of each internal combustion engine 2.
In contrast, the coils 32 of a plurality of linear generators 3 or a plurality of groups of coils 32 in the same linear generator 3 are connected to different commutators 66, and the different coils 32 are connected to the energy storage battery 64 and the motor 61 through different commutators 66. Each spindle 5 is provided with a position sensor 65. The controller 62 controls the battery 64 and the corresponding diverter 66 to adjust the position of each free piston 22 to the same position of the corresponding cylinder 21, if the positions of the different free pistons 22 are different according to the positions of the different free pistons 22 sensed by the different position sensors 65.
Taking two linear generators 3 as an example, as shown in fig. 3, position sensors 65 are respectively mounted on the left and right main shafts 5, and when the controller 62 obtains that the positions of the left and right free pistons 22 are not matched through the two position sensors 65, the battery 64 and the left commutator 66 are controlled to supply current in the corresponding direction to the left coil 32, so that the position of the left free piston 22 is adjusted to be the same as the position of the right free piston 22 in the cylinder 21.
The input end of the energy storage battery 64 and the input end of the motor 61 are electrically connected with the coil 32 through a commutator 66, and the output end of the energy storage battery 64 is also electrically connected with the motor 61. Wherein, the energy storage battery can be a ternary lithium battery. The energy density of the ternary lithium battery is high.
The energy storage battery 64 is used for storing the electric power generated by the linear generator 3. Since the electricity generated by the linear generator 3 is alternating current, the alternating current needs to be converted into direct current by the commutator 66 and then input into the energy storage battery 64 for storage. The controller 62 controls whether the electric power of the linear generator 3 is directly supplied to the motor 61 or the electric power of the energy storage battery 64 is supplied to the motor 61, but it is also possible to control the linear generator 3 to supply power to the motor 61 while charging the energy storage battery 64, and control the electric power supplied to the energy storage battery 64 and the motor by the controller 62. The electric motor 61 may also be controlled by the controller 62 to preferentially use the electric power in the energy storage battery 64 to supply a more stable current to the electric motor 61, and the electric power of the linear generator 3 is used for supplement when the electric power is insufficient. In the case of a steady current of the linear generator 3 itself, the linear generator 3 can be made to directly supply the electric motor 61 if the energy storage battery 64 is full. The energy storage battery 64 is used as a backup power supply, and when necessary, if the power system has a fault, the energy storage battery 64 is started again to supply power to the motor 61.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The internal combustion power generation device is characterized by comprising a machine shell, an internal combustion engine, a linear generator and a plate spring, wherein the internal combustion engine, the linear generator and the plate spring are fixedly arranged in the machine shell, the internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder and a free piston matched with the cylinder, the linear generator comprises a permanent magnet serving as a rotor and a coil serving as a stator, the free piston and the permanent magnet are fixedly connected through a main shaft, and a central hole of the plate spring is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft.
2. An internal combustion power plant according to claim 1, wherein two of said leaf springs are spaced apart.
3. The internal combustion power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the free piston has an internal hollow structure, an exhaust port of the internal combustion engine communicates with the inside of the free piston, and a plurality of vent holes are opened in an outer peripheral end surface of the free piston.
4. The internal combustion power generation device of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a plurality of internal combustion engines and a plurality of linear generators, wherein free pistons of the internal combustion engines and permanent magnets of the linear generators are respectively and fixedly connected through the main shaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the internal combustion engines are distributed in an annular array, and the free pistons of the internal combustion engines synchronously move relative to the center of the annular array.
5. An internal combustion power plant according to claim 4, wherein the internal combustion engine and the linear electric generators are both two, the two linear electric generators being arranged in opposition, the free pistons of the two internal combustion engines moving in opposition.
6. An internal combustion power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fitting clearance between the free piston and the cylinder is 10 to 20 μm.
7. An unmanned aerial vehicle power system, comprising an electric motor and an internal combustion power generation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coil is connected to an input end of the electric motor.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle power system of claim 7, further comprising a controller, wherein an injector is connected to an injection port of the internal combustion engine, and the controller is electrically connected to the injector.
9. The unmanned aerial vehicle power system of claim 8, further comprising an energy storage battery, a position sensor, and a commutator, wherein an input end of the energy storage battery and an input end of the electric motor are electrically connected to the coil through the commutator, respectively, an output end of the energy storage battery is connected to the coil through the commutator, an output end of the energy storage battery is further electrically connected to the electric motor, the position sensor is mounted to the free piston or the spindle, and the controller is electrically connected to the position sensor, the energy storage battery, and the commutator.
10. The unmanned aerial vehicle power system of any one of claims 7-9, wherein the motor is a brushless motor.
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