CN114000850B - Straight-through type thermal recovery casing head and using method thereof - Google Patents
Straight-through type thermal recovery casing head and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114000850B CN114000850B CN202111654451.3A CN202111654451A CN114000850B CN 114000850 B CN114000850 B CN 114000850B CN 202111654451 A CN202111654451 A CN 202111654451A CN 114000850 B CN114000850 B CN 114000850B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 87
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006903 response to temperature Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 2
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 copper-zinc-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
- E21B33/0422—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads a suspended tubing or casing being gripped by a slip or an internally serrated member
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of casing heads, in particular to a straight-through type thermal recovery casing head and a using method thereof. The straight-through thermal production casing head comprises a casing head body, a slip hanger is set inside the casing head body, a compensation flange is connected with the upper portion of the casing head body through a screw and nut assembly, the compensation flange is provided with a compensation height for expansion and elongation of a casing pipe of an oil supply layer, an annular connecting disc coaxial with the casing head body and the compensation flange is arranged between the casing head body and the compensation flange in a clamping mode, the connecting disc is provided with a first graphite sealing ring in an embedded mode between the casing head body and the inner wall of the compensation flange in an embedded mode, a second graphite sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the compensation flange in an embedded mode, and a third graphite sealing ring is arranged at the setting position of the casing head body in an embedded mode. The straight-through type thermal recovery casing head provided by the invention has the advantages of good structural stability, good sealing effect and high construction safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casing heads, in particular to a straight-through type thermal recovery casing head and a using method thereof.
Background
The thermal recovery casing head is mainly used for the oil well of 'thick oil thermal recovery', namely high-temperature steam (generally 400 ℃) is injected into the well, so that the thick oil at the bottom of the well is heated, the viscosity is reduced, and the recovery is convenient. The thermal production casing head is generally made by intermittent working, high-temperature steam with the temperature of about 400 ℃ is continuously injected into the well during production for about half a month, then the production is carried out, after the viscosity is increased, the high-temperature steam is injected into the well, and the process is circulated. At present thermal recovery casing head generally adopts graphite sealing ring as sealing material, and graphite sealing ring can be high temperature resistant, nevertheless does not have elasticity, at intermittent type during operation, metalworks such as top layer sleeve pipe, oil reservoir sleeve pipe, casing head, hanger take place expend with heat and contract with cold, because there is the difference in the size and the material of each metalwork, make the degree of each metalwork expend with heat and contract with cold different, produce the clearance easily between each other, make sealed position size change, finally lead to sealed effect to reduce, or even become invalid. In addition, when high-temperature steam is injected, the thermal expansion axial extension of the oil reservoir casing pipe pushes and presses the Christmas tree at the upper end of the oil reservoir casing pipe, and potential safety hazards are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the technical problems, the invention provides a straight-through type thermal production casing head which comprises a casing head body, wherein a slip hanger is seated in the casing head body, a compensation flange is connected above the casing head body through a screw and nut assembly, the compensation flange is provided with a compensation height for expansion and elongation of a casing pipe of an oil supply layer, an annular connecting disc coaxial with the casing head body is clamped between the casing head body and the compensation flange, a first graphite sealing ring is embedded between the connecting disc and the casing head body, a second graphite sealing ring is embedded between the connecting disc and the inner wall of the compensation flange, and a third graphite sealing ring is embedded at the seating and sealing position of the slip hanger and the casing head body.
Preferably, the first graphite sealing ring is annular and is embedded in a first sealing ring groove at the upper end of the inner annular wall of the casing head body; the second graphite sealing ring comprises a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section which have rhombic sections and gradually reduced outer diameters, a second sealing ring groove embedded in the upper half part of the large-diameter section is formed in the lower end of the inner ring surface of the compensating flange, and the lower half part of the large-diameter section and the small-diameter section are embedded in the inner ring wall of the connecting disc; the third graphite sealing ring is approximately V-shaped in cross section and is sleeved in a third sealing ring groove in the slip hanger on the slip seat.
Preferably, the connecting disc includes a lifting mechanism, a driving mechanism and a lower lifting mechanism, the driving mechanism can push along with the temperature change the lifting mechanism and the lower lifting mechanism move axially relative to each other, and the lifting mechanism pushes the second graphite sealing ring to be tightly clamped into the second sealing ring groove of the compensating flange during axial movement.
Preferably, a planar scroll bidirectional memory alloy is arranged in the driving mechanism, the inner end of the planar scroll bidirectional memory alloy is connected with a rotatable rotating ring, the outer end of the planar scroll bidirectional memory alloy is connected with a non-rotatable outer ring, the upper end and the lower end of the rotating ring are respectively in threaded connection with the ascending and descending mechanism and the descending mechanism, the planar scroll bidirectional memory alloy is switched between tight winding and loose winding due to temperature change, the rotating ring is driven to rotate, and the ascending and descending mechanism and the descending mechanism are enabled to generate axial relative movement.
Preferably, the upper lifting mechanism comprises an upper lifting ring and an upper fixing ring which are detachably connected from top to bottom, the outer ring walls of the upper lifting ring and the upper fixing ring are in sliding abutting joint with the inner side wall of the outer ring, the inner ring wall coats the lower half part of the large-diameter section of the second graphite sealing ring, and the lower end face of the upper fixing ring is provided with a first internal threaded pipe.
Preferably, the lower lifting mechanism comprises a lower lifting ring and a lower fixing ring which are detachably connected from bottom to top, the outer ring walls of the lower lifting ring and the lower fixing ring are in sliding abutting joint with the inner side wall of the outer ring, the inner ring wall coats the lower part of the small-diameter section of the second graphite sealing ring, and the upper end face of the lower fixing ring is provided with a second internal threaded pipe.
Preferably, the inner ring surface circumference equidistance of lower lifting ring is equipped with a plurality of radial recesses, the fixed first spring that is equipped with of level in the radial recess, first spring coupling slider, the slider have with the wedge butt face of second graphite sealing washer thin footpath section inclined plane butt.
Preferably, the lower end surface of the lower lifting ring is provided with an annular pressing mechanism coaxial with the lower lifting ring, the annular pressing mechanism comprises a second spring, the bottom of the second spring is connected with an annular piston, the upper end of the outer ring wall of the slip seat is provided with a sixth sealing ring groove, a sixth graphite sealing ring is arranged in the sixth sealing ring groove, and the annular piston presses the sixth graphite sealing ring.
Preferably, the bottom of annular piston is equipped with two-way memory metal ring, the inside wall of casing head body is equipped with first annular groove, the lower terminal surface of first annular groove with slips seat up end of slips hanger is located the coplanar, and more than the temperature reaches phase transition temperature, two-way memory metal ring takes place to deform and inserts first annular groove, falls to below the phase transition temperature as the temperature, two-way memory metal ring becomes to resume, breaks away from first annular groove.
The invention provides a use method of a straight-through thermal production casing head, which comprises the following steps:
s100, fixing a casing head body to a wellhead, and connecting a surface casing below the casing head body in a threaded manner;
step S200, a third graphite sealing ring is put into the casing head body, then a slip hanger is put in, the third graphite sealing ring is embedded into the setting position between the slip seat and the casing head body, and then a sixth graphite sealing ring is put in to be embedded into a sixth sealing ring groove of the slip seat;
step S300, an oil layer casing is put into the slip hanger, and slip teeth slide down and hold the oil layer casing tightly;
step S400, a first graphite sealing ring is placed in a first sealing ring groove of the casing head body, then a connecting disc is placed on the upper end face of the casing head body, and a bidirectional memory metal ring below the connecting disc compresses a sixth graphite sealing ring;
s500, placing a second graphite sealing ring between the oil layer casing and the connecting disc, then placing the second graphite sealing ring into the compensating flange, inserting the upper half part of the large-diameter section of the second graphite sealing ring into a second sealing ring groove of the compensating flange, and connecting the compensating flange and the casing head body through a screw nut assembly;
step S600, when steam is injected, the two-way memory metal ring deforms and is inserted into the first annular groove of the casing head body to lock the slip hanger, so that the slip hanger is prevented from sliding upwards when the oil layer casing pipe is thermally expanded; meanwhile, the planar spiral bidirectional memory alloy deforms to drive the movable ring to rotate, the movable ring drives the ascending and descending mechanism in threaded connection with the movable ring to ascend, the descending mechanism descends to compensate a gap generated when metal is thermally expanded, the ascending and descending mechanism pushes the second graphite sealing ring to ascend when ascending, so that the second graphite sealing ring is tightly clamped into the second sealing ring groove of the compensation flange, the descending mechanism descends to tightly press the upper end face of the casing head body, and the first graphite sealing ring is tightly clamped between the casing head body and the connecting disc;
step S700, after steam injection is stopped, the ambient temperature is reduced to an initial state, the deformation of the two-way memory metal ring and the plane scroll two-way memory alloy is recovered, and the connecting disc is recovered to the initial state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the compensation flange is arranged to compensate the axial thermal expansion elongation of the oil layer casing, so that the oil layer casing is prevented from extruding the Christmas tree, and the construction safety is improved; a second graphite sealing ring for coating an oil layer casing is embedded between the compensating flange and the inner wall of the connecting disc, a first graphite sealing ring is embedded between the connecting disc and the casing head body, and a third graphite sealing ring is embedded at the setting position of the slip hanger and the casing head body, so that the overall sealing effect of the thermal production casing head is improved;
2. the second graphite sealing ring adopts a structure with a rhombic section and a gradually decreased outer diameter, so that the contact area between the first sealing ring and the compensating flange is increased, the axial length of the second graphite sealing ring is prolonged, and the sealing effect is further improved; the section of the third graphite sealing ring is in a shape of nearly V and is arranged at the setting position of the slip seat and the casing head body, so that the sealing between the slip hanger and the casing head body is more sufficient;
3. the connecting disc can axially stretch along with the change of temperature, so that the axial clearance between metal elements caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold is compensated, and meanwhile, the second graphite sealing ring can be always kept in a tight connection state with the compensation flange, so that the sealing property is further improved;
4. the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy is arranged in the driving mechanism of the connecting disc, the switching of the winding form of the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy is realized through the change of the environmental temperature, and the rotating ring is pushed to rotate when the winding form is switched, so that the upper lifting mechanism and the lower lifting mechanism which are in threaded connection with the rotating ring are driven to generate axial relative displacement, and the axial expansion of the connecting disc along with the change of the temperature is realized;
5. a sliding block with a wedge-shaped abutting surface is arranged in a lower lifting mechanism of the connecting disc, the first spring pushes the sliding block to slide radially, on one hand, the sliding block can provide support for the second graphite sealing ring to prevent the lower end of the second graphite sealing ring from being suspended, on the other hand, the second graphite sealing ring can be pushed upwards through the wedge-shaped abutting surface of the sliding block, so that an axial gap between the second graphite sealing ring and the compensation flange can be eliminated in time, and the sealing stability is further improved;
6. an annular pressing mechanism is arranged below the connecting disc and can apply downward force to the slip hanger, and the slip hanger is firmly seated in the casing head body under the combined action of the dead weight, the gravity of the oil layer casing and the downward force provided by the annular pressing mechanism; in addition, the annular pressing mechanism also plays a role in fixing the sixth graphite sealing ring, so that the overall sealing performance of the thermal production casing head is further improved;
7. the bottom of the annular pressing mechanism is provided with a bidirectional memory metal ring, the bidirectional memory metal ring realizes diameter change through the change of environmental temperature, and locks or unlocks the slip hanger, so that the slip hanger does not slide axially along with the thermal expansion of an oil layer casing in a high-temperature steam environment, and the setting stability of the slip hanger is further improved;
in conclusion, the straight-through type thermal recovery casing head provided by the invention has the advantages of good structural stability, good sealing effect and high construction safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the casing head body of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second graphite seal ring shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the compensating flange of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the slip hanger of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting disc in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the deformation state of the flat spiral two-way memory alloy.
Description of reference numerals:
01. a layer casing, 02, a surface casing, 1, a casing head body, 11, a first seal ring groove, 12, a lower guide groove, 13, a first annular groove, 2, a slip hanger, 21, a slip seat, 211, a third seal ring groove, 212, a sixth seal ring groove, 22, a slip insert, 3, a connecting disc, 31, an ascending and descending mechanism, 311, an ascending and descending ring, 3111, a fourth seal ring groove, 3112, a second annular groove, 3113, a first annular flange, 3114, a first through hole, 312, an upper fixing ring, 3121, a first internal threaded pipe, 313, a fourth graphite seal ring, 32, a driving mechanism, 321, an inner ring, 322, an outer ring, 3221, an upper guide rod, 3222, a lower guide rod, 323, a bearing, 324, a moving ring, 325, a planar bidirectional scroll alloy, 33, a lower ascending and descending mechanism, 331, a lower ascending and descending ring, 3311, a fifth seal ring groove, 3312, a large bore section, 3313, a second annular flange, 3314. a second through hole, 3315, a small-diameter section, 332, a lower fixing ring, 3321, a second internally threaded tube, 333, a fifth graphite sealing ring, 334, a radial groove, 335, a first spring, 336, a slider, 3361, a wedge-shaped abutting surface, 337, a hold-down mechanism, 3371, an annular sleeve, 3372, a third annular groove, 3373, a second spring, 3374, an annular piston, 3375, an annular step groove, 3376, a two-way memory metal ring, 4, a compensating flange, 41, a second sealing ring groove, 42, an upper guide groove, 5, a first graphite sealing ring, 6, a second graphite sealing ring, 61, a large-diameter section, 62, a small-diameter section, 7, a third graphite sealing ring, 8, a sixth graphite sealing ring, 9, a screw nut assembly.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings and examples:
it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, and other dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only for the purpose of understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the following claims, and all modifications of the structures, changes in the proportions and adjustments of the sizes and other dimensions which are within the scope of the disclosure should be understood and encompassed by the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and attainment of the same.
In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Combine attached 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a straight-through thermal recovery casing head, including casing head body 1, casing head body 1 inside seat slips hanger 2, the top is through screw nut subassembly 9 connection compensation flange 4, compensation flange 4 is equipped with the compensation height of 01 expansion extension of oil feed layer sleeve pipe, the centre gripping is equipped with rather than the ring connection pad 3 of coaxial line between casing head body 1 and the compensation flange 4, connection pad 3 with inlay between casing head body 1 and establish first graphite sealing washer 5, with inlay between the inner wall of compensation flange 4 and establish second graphite sealing washer 6, slips hanger 2 with casing head body 1 seat seals the department and inlays and establishes third graphite sealing washer 7.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the production tree (not shown in the figure) is connected on compensation flange 4 top, and the internal diameter of compensation flange 4 is preferred unanimous with the external diameter of reservoir casing 01, makes reservoir casing 01 can slide along its inner wall is sealed, and when letting in high temperature steam, reservoir casing 01 can be at the inside thermal energy axial extension of compensation flange 4, directly extrudees the production tree when having avoided reservoir casing 01 thermal energy axial extension, causes the potential safety hazard.
The sealing rings are made of graphite, the thermal stability of the graphite is good, but the graphite does not have elasticity, so that when the sealing rings made of the graphite are arranged, the sealing rings are embedded between two adjacent surfaces, and the sealing performance of the sealing rings can be ensured. Set up connection pad 3 between compensation flange 4 and casing head body 1, second graphite sealing washer 6 inlays and establishes between the inner wall of compensation flange 4 and connection pad 3, make its cladding oil reservoir casing 01, seal the gap between oil reservoir casing 01 and compensation flange 4 and connection pad 3 through second graphite sealing washer 6, first graphite sealing washer 5 inlays and establishes between connection pad 3 and casing head body 1, seal the gap between connection pad 3 and casing head body 1, inlay third graphite sealing washer 7 simultaneously and establish and sit the seal department at slips hanger 2 and casing head body 1, through multiple sealing, the whole sealed effect of thermal recovery casing head has been improved.
In a specific embodiment, a preferred technical solution of a first graphite sealing ring 5, a second graphite sealing ring 6 and a third graphite sealing ring 7 is provided, wherein the first graphite sealing ring 5 is annular and is embedded in a first sealing ring groove 11 at the upper end of the inner annular wall of the casing head body 1; the second graphite sealing ring 6 comprises a large-diameter section 61 and a small-diameter section 62 which have rhombic sections and gradually reduced outer diameters, a second sealing ring groove 41 embedded in the upper half part of the large-diameter section 61 is formed in the lower end of the inner ring surface of the compensating flange 4, and the lower half part of the large-diameter section 61 and the small-diameter section 62 are embedded in the inner ring wall of the connecting disc 3; the third graphite sealing ring 7 is approximately V-shaped in cross section and is sleeved in a third sealing ring groove 211 on a slip seat 21 in the slip hanger 2.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 3, the upper end of the large diameter section 61 of the second graphite sealing ring 6 is enclosed to form an inverted frustum-shaped hole, as shown in fig. 4, the inner annular surface of the compensating flange 4 is provided with a second sealing ring groove 41 adapted thereto, and the tip of the large diameter section 61 of the second graphite sealing ring 6 is inserted into the second sealing ring groove 41, so that the contact area between the second graphite sealing ring 6 and the compensating flange 4 is increased, the sealing effect is improved, and the second graphite sealing ring 6 is fully protected, so that the tip thereof is not worn; the small diameter section 62 extends the axial length of the second graphite sealing ring 6, further improving the sealing effect, and in addition, the small diameter section 62 and the large diameter section 61 form a step, so that the embedding stability of the second graphite sealing ring 6 in the connecting disc 3 is improved.
The cross-section of the third graphite sealing ring 7 is nearly V-shaped, as shown in fig. 5, the third graphite sealing ring 7 is disposed at the setting position of the slip seat 21 and the casing head body 1, specifically, the upper end of the third graphite sealing ring 7 is wrapped on the lower end of the outer annular wall of the circular ring section of the slip seat 21, and the lower end is wrapped on the upper end of the outer annular wall of the conical section of the slip seat 21, so that the sealing between the slip hanger 2 and the casing head body 1 is more sufficient.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 6 to 8, the present embodiment provides a connection pad 3 suitable for embodiment 1, and a specific technical solution is as follows, where the connection pad 3 includes an upper lifting mechanism 31, a driving mechanism 32, and a lower lifting mechanism 33, the driving mechanism 32 can push the upper lifting mechanism 31 and the lower lifting mechanism 33 to move axially relative to each other along with a temperature change, and when the upper lifting mechanism 31 moves axially, the second graphite sealing ring 6 is pushed to be tightly clamped into the second sealing ring groove 41 of the compensating flange 4.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, connection pad 3 can be flexible along with the change axial of temperature to compensate the axial clearance that produces between the metal component because expend with heat and contract with cold, can also make second graphite sealing ring 6 remain the zonulae occludens state with compensation flange 4 all the time simultaneously, further improve the leakproofness.
In a specific embodiment, the driving mechanism 32 is configured as follows, as shown in fig. 7, a plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 is arranged in the driving mechanism 32, an inner end of the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 is connected with a rotatable moving ring 324, an outer end of the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy is connected with a non-rotatable outer ring 322, an upper end and a lower end of the moving ring 324 are respectively connected with the ascending and descending mechanism 31 and the descending mechanism 33 in a threaded manner, and the temperature change switches the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 between tight winding and loose winding to drive the moving ring 324 to rotate, so that the ascending and descending mechanism 31 and the descending mechanism 33 generate axial relative movement.
In the above technical solution, the spiral memory alloy 325 has a phase transition temperature and has two winding forms of a tight winding and a loose winding (refer to fig. 8), the two winding forms can be switched with the temperature, and when the two winding forms are switched, the rotating ring 324 is driven to rotate. For example, when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature, the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 is tightly wound around the moving ring 324, and the number of wound layers is large, and when the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than the phase transition temperature, the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 is loosely wound around the moving ring 324, and the number of wound layers is reduced, and the moving ring 324 is pushed to rotate in the process of reducing the number of wound layers, so as to drive the upper lifting mechanism 31 and the lower lifting mechanism 33 to axially move relatively. The material of the spiral memory alloy 325 includes, but is not limited to, copper-zinc-aluminum double-stroke memory alloy and nickel-titanium double-stroke memory alloy.
In the above technical solution, the movable ring 324 can be directly and rotatably sleeved on the small-diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6, and the outer ring 322 can be circumferentially fixed in any manner. In order to further reduce the rotation resistance of the moving ring 324 and the wear thereof on the second graphite sealing ring 6 and improve the compactness of the structure of the outer circular ring 322, the present embodiment further optimizes the structure of the driving mechanism 32, and the technical solution is as follows, as shown in fig. 7, the driving mechanism 32 further includes an inner circular ring 321, an inner circular wall of the inner circular ring 321 covers the small-diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6, an outer circular wall is rotatably connected to the moving ring 324 through a bearing 323, a plurality of upper guide rods 3221 are equidistantly arranged on an upper end surface circumference of the outer circular ring 322, a plurality of lower guide rods 3222 are equidistantly arranged on a lower end surface circumference of the outer circular ring 322, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of upper guide grooves 32242 corresponding to the upper guide rods 3221 are equidistantly arranged on a lower end surface circumference of the compensating flange 4, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of lower guide grooves 32212 corresponding to the lower guide rods 3222 are arranged on an upper end surface of the casing head body 1.
In one embodiment, the ascending and descending mechanism 31 includes an ascending and descending ring 311 and an upper fixing ring 312 which are detachably connected from top to bottom, as shown in fig. 7, outer ring walls of the ascending and descending ring 311 and the upper fixing ring 312 slidably abut against an inner side wall of the outer ring 322, the inner ring wall covers a lower half of the large diameter section 61 of the second graphite sealing ring 6, and a lower end surface of the upper fixing ring 312 is provided with a first internal threaded tube 3121.
In the above technical solution, the upper lifting ring 311 and the upper fixing ring 312 can be detachably connected in any manner, and when the movable ring 324 rotates in the first internally threaded tube 3121, the upper lifting mechanism 31 is driven to move axially, and when the upper lifting mechanism 31 moves axially, the second graphite sealing ring 6 is driven to move axially. In order to further improve the sealing performance of the upper lifting mechanism 31 and prevent the upper lifting mechanism 31 from rotating in the circumferential direction, the structure of the upper lifting mechanism 31 is further optimized, and the technical solution is as follows, a first annular flange 3113 is disposed on the upper end surface of the upper lifting ring 311, a plurality of first through holes 3114 corresponding to the upper guide rods 3221 are disposed on the first annular flange 3113, a fourth seal ring groove 3111 is disposed at the lower end of the outer annular surface of the upper lifting ring 311, a second annular groove 3112 is disposed at the upper end of the inner annular surface, a fourth graphite seal ring 313 is disposed in the fourth seal ring groove 3111, the lower half portion of the large-diameter section 61 of the second graphite seal ring 6 is disposed in the second annular groove 3112, and the upper fixing ring 312 fixes the fourth graphite seal ring 313 in the fourth seal ring groove 3111.
In one embodiment, the lower lifting mechanism 33 comprises a lower lifting ring 331 and a lower fixing ring 332 detachably connected from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 7, outer annular walls of the lower lifting ring 331 and the lower fixing ring 332 slidably abut against an inner side wall of the outer annular ring 322, the inner annular wall covers a lower portion of the small-diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6, and an upper end surface of the lower fixing ring 332 is provided with a second internal threaded pipe 3321.
In the above technical solution, the lower lifting ring 331 and the lower fixing ring 332 can be detachably connected in any manner, and when the movable ring 324 rotates in the second internally threaded tube 3321, the lower lifting mechanism 33 is driven to move axially. In order to further improve the sealing performance of the lower lifting mechanism 33 and prevent the lower lifting mechanism 33 from rotating in the circumferential direction, the structure of the lower lifting mechanism 33 is further optimized, and the technical solution is as follows, a second annular flange 3313 is disposed on the lower end surface of the lower lifting ring 331, a second through hole 3314 corresponding to the lower guide rod 3222 is disposed on the second annular flange 3313, a fifth seal ring groove 3311 is disposed on the upper end of the outer annular surface of the lower lifting ring 331, a fifth graphite seal ring 333 is disposed in the fifth seal ring groove 3311, and the fifth graphite seal ring 333 is fixed in the fifth seal ring groove 3311 by the lower fixing ring 332. The inner annular surface of the lower lifting ring 331 comprises an upper large-diameter section 3312 and a lower small-diameter section 3315, the inner diameter of the large-diameter section 3312 is equal to the outer diameter of the small-diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6, and the inner diameter of the small-diameter section 3315 is equal to the inner diameter of the second graphite sealing ring 6 (i.e., the small-diameter section 3315 directly covers the outer wall of the reservoir casing 01); the lower portion of the small diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6 is disposed in the large diameter section 3312.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of radial grooves 334 are equidistantly formed on the inner circumferential surface of the lower lifting ring 331, a first spring 335 is horizontally fixed in the radial groove 334, the first spring 335 is connected with a sliding block 336, and the sliding block 336 has a wedge-shaped abutment surface 3361 which abuts against the inclined surface of the small-diameter section 62 of the second graphite sealing ring 6. Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, first spring 335 is in the compressed state all the time and inwards pushes away the slider 336, can provide the support for second graphite sealing washer 6 on the one hand, avoids its lower extreme unsettled, and on the other hand can upwards promote second graphite sealing washer 6 through wedge butt face 3361, makes it can in time eliminate the axial gap between second graphite sealing washer 6 and the second sealing washer groove 41 on the compensation flange 4, further improves sealing stability.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, an annular pressing mechanism 337 is disposed on a lower end surface of the lower lifting ring 331, the annular pressing mechanism 337 is coaxial with the lower lifting ring 331, the annular pressing mechanism 337 includes a second spring 3373, a bottom of the second spring 3373 is connected to an annular piston 3374, a sixth sealing ring groove 212 is disposed on an upper end of an outer annular wall of the slip seat 21, a sixth graphite sealing ring 8 is disposed in the sixth sealing ring groove 212, and the annular piston 3374 presses the sixth graphite sealing ring 8.
In the above technical solution, the annular pressing mechanism 337 may apply a downward force to the slip hanger 2, the second spring 3373 may automatically adjust the axial length of the pressing mechanism 337, the length of the second spring 3373 in a naturally extended state is greater than the axial length between the lower lifting ring 331 and the slip seat 21, when the annular piston 3374 abuts against the slip seat 21, the second spring 3373 is in a compressed state, the elastic force of the second spring 3373 is the downward force provided by the pressing mechanism 337 to the slip hanger 2, and the slip hanger 2 is firmly seated in the casing head body 1 under the combined action of the self weight, the gravity of the oil layer casing 01, and the downward force provided by the annular pressing mechanism 337; in addition, the annular pressing mechanism 337 also plays a role in fixing the sixth graphite sealing ring 8, and the sixth graphite sealing ring 8 plays an auxiliary sealing role in the casing head body 1 and the slip hanger 2, so that the overall sealing performance of the thermal production casing head is further improved.
The second spring 3373 may be directly fixed to the lower end surface of the lower lift ring 331, or may be preferably connected such that the pressing mechanism 337 further includes an annular sleeve 3371 fixed to the lower end surface of the lower lift ring 331, a third annular recess 3372 is axially formed on the lower end surface of the annular sleeve 3371, the second spring 3373 is axially fixed in the third annular recess 3372, an annular piston 3374 is connected to the bottom of the second spring 3373, and the annular piston 3374 is axially slidable in the third annular recess 3372. In the above structure, the annular sleeve 3371 can provide protection for the second spring 3373 and the annular piston 3374, and can play a guiding role to prevent the second spring 3373 and the annular piston 3374 from shifting and shaking when pressed down.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a two-way memory metal ring 3376 is disposed at the bottom of the annular piston 3374, a first annular groove 13 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the casing head body 1, a lower end surface of the first annular groove 13 is located on the same plane as an upper end surface of the slip seat 21 of the slip hanger 2, when the temperature reaches a temperature above the phase transition temperature, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 is deformed and inserted into the first annular groove 13, and when the temperature drops below the phase transition temperature, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 is deformed and restored to be separated from the first annular groove 13.
In the technical scheme, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 has a phase change temperature, and diameter change is realized through the change of the environmental temperature to lock or unlock the slip hanger 2; specifically, at room temperature, the annular piston 3374 presses the two-way memory metal ring 3376, so that the two-way memory metal ring 3376 presses the sixth graphite seal ring 8; when high-temperature steam is introduced, the environment temperature reaches the phase change temperature, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 is reduced in diameter and is partially inserted into the first annular groove 13, the non-inserted part continuously compresses the sixth graphite sealing ring 8, locking of the slip hanger 2 is realized, the slip hanger 2 cannot axially slide along with thermal expansion of an oil layer casing 01, and the setting stability of the slip hanger 2 is further improved. The material of the two-way memory metal ring 3376 includes, but is not limited to, copper-zinc-aluminum two-stroke memory alloy and nickel-titanium two-stroke memory alloy.
The annular piston 3374 and the two-way memory metal ring 3376 may be of a split structure, that is, the annular piston 3374 is directly pressed on the upper end surface of the two-way memory metal ring 3376, or a preferable connection manner may be adopted, in which an annular stepped groove 3375 is provided below the outer annular wall of the annular piston 3374, and the annular stepped groove 3375 is internally threaded to the two-way memory metal ring 3376. The above-described attachment allows the two-way memory metal ring 3376 to be secured to the annular piston 3374 for ease of installation while reducing the risk of parts being lost.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a use method of a straight-through thermal production casing head, which comprises the following steps:
s100, fixing the casing head body 1 to a wellhead, and connecting a surface casing 02 below the casing head body 1 in a threaded manner;
step S200, a third graphite sealing ring 7 is put into the casing head body 1, then the slip hanger 2 is put into the casing head body, the third graphite sealing ring 7 is embedded into the setting position between the slip seat 21 and the casing head body 1, and then a sixth graphite sealing ring 8 is put into the sixth sealing ring groove 212 of the slip seat 21;
step S300, an oil layer casing 01 is lowered into the slip hanger 2, and the slip teeth 22 slide downwards and hold the oil layer casing 01 tightly;
step S400, placing the first graphite sealing ring 5 into the first sealing ring groove 11 of the casing head body 1, then placing the connecting disc 3 on the upper end face of the casing head body 1, and pressing the sixth graphite sealing ring 8 by the bidirectional memory metal ring 3376 below the connecting disc 3;
step S500, placing a second graphite sealing ring 6 between an oil layer casing 01 and a connecting disc 3, then placing a compensating flange 4, inserting the upper half part of a thick-diameter section 61 of the second graphite sealing ring 6 into a second sealing ring groove 41 of the compensating flange 4, and connecting the compensating flange 4 and a casing head body 1 through a screw nut assembly 9;
step S600, when steam is injected, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 deforms and is inserted into the first annular groove 13 of the casing head body 1 to lock the slip hanger 2, so that the slip hanger 2 is prevented from sliding upwards when the oil layer casing 01 expands due to heat; meanwhile, the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy 325 deforms to drive the movable ring 324 to rotate, the movable ring 324 drives the ascending and descending mechanism 31 in threaded connection with the movable ring to ascend, the descending mechanism 33 descends to compensate a gap generated when metal is thermally expanded, the ascending and descending mechanism 31 pushes the second graphite sealing ring 6 to ascend when ascending, so that the second graphite sealing ring 6 is tightly clamped in the second sealing ring groove 41 of the compensation flange 4, the descending mechanism 33 descends to press the upper end face of the casing head body 1, and the first graphite sealing ring 5 is tightly clamped between the casing head body 1 and the connecting disc 3;
step S700, after the steam injection is stopped, the ambient temperature is reduced to the initial state, the two-way memory metal ring 3376 and the flat scroll two-way memory alloy 325 are deformed and recovered, and the connecting disc 3 is recovered to the initial state.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A straight-through type thermal production casing head comprises a casing head body (1) and is characterized in that a slip hanger (2) is seated in the casing head body (1), a compensation flange (4) is connected above the casing head body through a screw nut component (9), the compensation flange (4) is provided with a compensation height for expansion and elongation of an oil supply layer casing (01), an annular connecting disc (3) coaxial with the casing head body (1) is clamped between the casing head body (1) and the compensation flange (4), a first graphite sealing ring (5) is embedded between the connecting disc (3) and the casing head body (1), a second graphite sealing ring (6) is embedded between the connecting disc and the inner wall of the compensation flange (4), and a third graphite sealing ring (7) is embedded at the seating position of the slip hanger (2) and the casing head body (1); the connecting disc (3) comprises an upper lifting mechanism (31), a driving mechanism (32) and a lower lifting mechanism (33); be equipped with flat spiral two-way memory alloy (325) in actuating mechanism (32), flat spiral two-way memory alloy (325) inner connects rotatable rotating ring (324), and nonrotatable outer ring (322) is connected to the outer end, the upper and lower both ends of rotating ring (324) threaded connection respectively rise mechanism (31) and lower elevating system (33), and temperature variation makes flat spiral two-way memory alloy (325) switch between closely coiling and loose coiling, drive rotating ring (324) are rotatory, make rise mechanism (31) and lower elevating system (33) and produce axial relative movement.
2. A flow-through casing head according to claim 1, characterised in that the first graphite sealing ring (5) is ring-shaped and is embedded in a first sealing ring groove (11) at the upper end of the inner annular wall of the casing head body (1); the second graphite sealing ring (6) comprises a large-diameter section (61) and a small-diameter section (62) which have rhombic sections and the outer diameters of which are decreased progressively, a second sealing ring groove (41) embedded in the upper half part of the large-diameter section (61) is formed in the lower end of the inner ring surface of the compensating flange (4), and the lower half part of the large-diameter section (61) and the small-diameter section (62) are embedded in the inner ring wall of the connecting disc (3); the section of the third graphite sealing ring (7) is nearly V-shaped and is sleeved in a third sealing ring groove (211) on a slip seat (21) in the slip hanger (2).
3. A flow-through casing head according to claim 2, characterised in that the drive means (32) is adapted to move the upper and lower lifting means (31, 33) axially relative to each other in response to temperature changes, the axial movement of the upper lifting means (31) being adapted to urge the second graphite sealing ring (6) to snap tightly into the second sealing ring groove (41) of the compensating flange (4).
4. A flow-through casing head according to claim 3, wherein the upper lifting mechanism (31) comprises an upper lifting ring (311) and an upper fixing ring (312) which are detachably connected from top to bottom, the outer ring walls of the upper lifting ring (311) and the upper fixing ring (312) are in sliding contact with the inner side wall of the outer ring (322), the inner ring wall covers the lower half of the thick section (61) of the second graphite sealing ring (6), and the lower end surface of the upper fixing ring (312) is provided with a first internal threaded pipe (3121).
5. The straight-through thermal production casing head according to claim 4, wherein the lower lifting mechanism (33) comprises a lower lifting ring (331) and a lower fixing ring (332) which are detachably connected from bottom to top, the outer ring walls of the lower lifting ring (331) and the lower fixing ring (332) are in sliding contact with the inner side wall of the outer ring (322), the inner ring wall covers the lower part of the small-diameter section (62) of the second graphite sealing ring (6), and the upper end face of the lower fixing ring (332) is provided with a second internal threaded pipe (3321).
6. A flow-through thermal production casing head according to claim 5, wherein the inner ring surface of the lower lifting ring (331) is provided with a plurality of radial grooves (334) at equal intervals on the circumference, a first spring (335) is horizontally and fixedly arranged in the radial grooves (334), the first spring (335) is connected with a sliding block (336), and the sliding block (336) is provided with a wedge-shaped abutting surface (3361) abutting against the inclined surface of the small diameter section (62) of the second graphite sealing ring (6).
7. A straight-through type thermal production casing head according to claim 6, wherein the lower end face of the lower lifting ring (331) is provided with an annular pressing mechanism (337) coaxial with the lower lifting ring, the annular pressing mechanism (337) comprises a second spring (3373), the bottom of the second spring (3373) is connected with an annular piston (3374), the upper end of the outer ring wall of the slip seat (21) is provided with a sixth seal ring groove (212), a sixth graphite seal ring (8) is arranged in the sixth seal ring groove (212), and the annular piston (3374) presses the sixth graphite seal ring (8).
8. A flow-through casing head according to claim 7, characterised in that the bottom of the annular piston (3374) is provided with a two-way memory metal ring (3376), the inner side wall of the casing head body (1) is provided with a first annular groove (13), the lower end surface of the first annular groove (13) and the upper end surface of the slip seat (21) of the slip hanger (2) are in the same plane, when the temperature reaches above the phase transition temperature, the two-way memory metal ring (3376) is deformed and inserted into the first annular groove (13), and when the temperature drops below the phase transition temperature, the two-way memory metal ring (3376) is deformed and restored to be separated from the first annular groove (13).
9. The method of using a flow-through thermal production casing head according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
s100, fixing a casing head body (1) on a wellhead, and connecting a surface casing (02) below the casing head body (1) in a threaded manner;
step S200, a third graphite sealing ring (7) is put into the casing head body (1), then a slip hanger (2) is put into the casing head body, the third graphite sealing ring (7) is embedded into a setting position between a slip seat (21) and the casing head body (1), and then a sixth graphite sealing ring (8) is put into the casing head body to be embedded into a sixth sealing ring groove (212) of the slip seat (21);
step S300, an oil layer casing (01) is put into the slip hanger (2), and the slip teeth (22) slide downwards and hold the oil layer casing (01) tightly;
s400, placing a first graphite sealing ring (5) into a first sealing ring groove (11) of a casing head body (1), then placing a connecting disc (3) on the upper end face of the casing head body (1), and pressing a sixth graphite sealing ring (8) by a bidirectional memory metal ring (3376) below the connecting disc (3);
s500, placing a second graphite sealing ring (6) between an oil layer casing (01) and a connecting disc (3), then placing a compensating flange (4), inserting the upper half part of a large-diameter section (61) of the second graphite sealing ring (6) into a second sealing ring groove (41) of the compensating flange (4), and connecting the compensating flange (4) and a casing head body (1) through a screw and nut assembly (9);
step S600, when steam is injected, the two-way memory metal ring (3376) deforms and is inserted into the first annular groove (13) of the casing head body (1) to lock the slip hanger (2) so as to prevent the slip hanger (2) from sliding upwards when the oil layer casing (01) expands due to heat; meanwhile, the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy (325) deforms to drive the movable ring (324) to rotate, the movable ring (324) drives the ascending and descending mechanism (31) connected with the movable ring through threads to ascend, the descending mechanism (33) descends to compensate for a gap generated during thermal expansion of metal, the ascending and descending mechanism (31) pushes the second graphite sealing ring (6) to ascend when ascending, so that the second graphite sealing ring (6) is tightly clamped in the second sealing ring groove (41) of the compensation flange (4), and the descending mechanism (33) descends to tightly press the upper end face of the casing head body (1), so that the first graphite sealing ring (5) is tightly clamped between the casing head body (1) and the connecting disc (3);
step S700, after steam injection is stopped, the ambient temperature is reduced to an initial state, the deformation of the bidirectional memory metal ring (3376) and the plane scroll bidirectional memory alloy (325) is recovered, and the connecting disc (3) is recovered to the initial state.
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| CN114941509B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 山东华骏金成能源设备有限公司 | Casing floating shoe for oil well cementing and use method thereof |
| CN115045632B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-10-28 | 大庆市华禹石油机械制造有限公司 | Anticorrosive gas production well head suitable for carbon dioxide gas production process |
| CN115711103B (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-04-02 | 迪威尔(建湖)精工科技有限公司 | Split type casing hanger convenient to install |
| CN116006096B (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-05-30 | 纬达石油装备有限公司 | Safety joint and use method thereof |
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| CN203835360U (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-09-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Compensation device preventing wellhead ascension during offshore heavy oil thermal recovery |
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| US2357411A (en) * | 1942-02-12 | 1944-09-05 | Nat Supply Co | Auxiliary flange for control heads |
| US4541606A (en) * | 1982-11-04 | 1985-09-17 | Cameron Iron Works, Inc. | Ram-type blowout preventer |
| US4749047A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-06-07 | Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. | Annular wellhead seal |
| CN202731822U (en) * | 2012-08-19 | 2013-02-13 | 东营市东营区和光科技有限责任公司 | Compensation type thermal recovery casing head |
| CN104005749A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-27 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Offshore thickened oil thermal recovery wellhead lifting monitoring device |
| CN108533206B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2023-07-07 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Double-stage casing head |
| CN213269831U (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-05-25 | 金湖县源景机械有限公司 | Metal sealing slip type casing head |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203835360U (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-09-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Compensation device preventing wellhead ascension during offshore heavy oil thermal recovery |
| CN105275422A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-27 | 克拉玛依弘阳有限责任公司 | Thermal recovery casing head |
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Denomination of invention: A straight through thermal recovery casing head and its usage method Granted publication date: 20220304 Pledgee: Dongying Branch of China CITIC Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Weida Petroleum Equipment Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980005679 |
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