CN114000011B - Heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel-based alloy and forming method thereof - Google Patents
Heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel-based alloy and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heterogeneous interface enhanced nickel-based alloy and a forming method thereof, wherein the heterogeneous interface enhanced nickel-based alloy comprises a nickel-based alloy matrix, a BN enhanced phase and Cr taking a BN ceramic phase as a core5B3An interface reaction layer and a Ni-Cr diffusion layer. The method comprises the following steps: removing oil and roughening the surface of BN powder by alkali liquor; sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface of the deoiled/surface-coarsened BN powder by adopting an arc ion plating process; ball-milling the BN powder plated with Cr/Ni and the nickel-based alloy powder by adopting a ball-milling process to obtain nickel-based alloy composite material powder which is uniformly mixed; and (3) performing sweeping melting and solidification on the nickel-based alloy composite material powder to obtain the nickel-based alloy composite material. The nickel-based alloy and BN reinforced phase form Cr taking BN ceramic phase as core5B3The interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer enhance the interface wettability of the reinforcing phase and the nickel-based alloy and can obviously improve the strength of the nickel-based alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a heterogeneous interface enhanced nickel-based alloy and a forming method thereof.
Background
The nickel-based alloy has higher strength and good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, can work in a high-temperature environment for a long time, and is widely applied to manufacturing important heat-resistant parts in aviation, ships and industrial gas turbine engines. However, with the rapid development of industry, aerospace has made better requirements on the mechanical properties of nickel-based alloys, so it is imperative to seek new ideas to improve the material properties of nickel-based high-temperature alloys. Ceramics have excellent mechanical properties such as strength and hardness, and thus are used to reinforce metals or alloys to form ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites. Compared with the traditional nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the novel ceramic particle reinforced nickel-based composite material generally has higher mechanical properties such as specific strength, specific rigidity and the like, so the research of the ceramic particle reinforced nickel-based composite material becomes an effective way for improving the mechanical properties of the nickel-based alloy. Currently, the commonly used particle reinforcement is usually selected from materials such as high hardness, high stiffness, refractory carbides, oxides, borides, and nitrides, such as refractory metal compounds (TiC, TiN, ZrB, WC, etc.); non-metallic refractory compound (B) 4C、SiC、BN、Si3N4Etc.) to improve the mechanical property of the nickel-based alloy to a certain extent. But the interface wetting ability is weaker due to the difference of physical properties between the ceramic reinforced phase and the nickel-based alloy, so that the ceramic reinforced nickel-based alloy finally generates cracks, fractures and even fails in advance at the interface in the service process, thereby limiting the wide application of the ceramic reinforced nickel-based alloy material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a ceramic heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel-based alloy with excellent interface wettability and high strength.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the heterointerface reinforced nickel-based alloy.
The technical scheme is as follows: the heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel-based alloy comprises a nickel-based alloy matrix and a BN (boron nitride) reinforced phase, wherein the BN reinforced phase is Cr taking a BN ceramic phase as a core5B3The interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer reinforce the structure.
Further onSaid Cr being5B3The thickness of the interface reaction layer and the thickness of the Ni-Cr diffusion layer are both 50-300 μm.
The forming method of the heterogeneous interface enhanced nickel-based alloy comprises the following steps of:
(1) putting BN powder into NaOH solution for ultrasonic oscillation to carry out deoiling treatment, and then putting the deoiled BN powder into nitric acid solution for ultrasonic agitation to carry out surface roughening;
(2) Sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface of the deoiled/surface-roughened BN powder by adopting an arc ion plating process;
(3) performing ball milling on the BN powder plated with Cr and Ni and the nickel-based alloy powder by adopting a ball milling process to obtain nickel-based alloy composite material powder which is uniformly mixed;
(4) the nickel-based alloy composite material powder is subjected to sweeping melting and solidification to obtain Cr with BN ceramic phase as a core5B3The interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer are heterogeneous interface enhanced.
Further, the particle size of the BN powder in the step (1) is 20-500 mu m.
Further, the mass ratio of the BN powder in the composite material powder in the step (3) is 2-10 wt.%.
Further, the nickel-based alloy in the step (3) is one or more of Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo and Ni-Cr-Mo.
Further, in the step (4), the nickel-based alloy composite material powder is subjected to sweeping melting and solidification by using a high-energy laser beam.
Furthermore, the scanning power of the high-energy laser beam is 200-400W, and argon is used as protective atmosphere during scanning.
The invention principle is as follows: the method aims at improving the performance of the nickel-based alloy, aims at the defect of weak wettability of a ceramic/nickel-based alloy interface, and is based on a composite material design principle and a metallurgical principle, takes BN which is widely applied as a ceramic reinforcing phase, adopts NaOH solution and nitric acid solution to sequentially perform ultrasonic cleaning, oil removal and surface roughening treatment on powder to form a rough surface, and is beneficial to sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface by means of an arc ion plating process; then, plating Cr and N Ball milling the BN powder and the nickel-based alloy powder by adopting a ball milling process to obtain uniformly mixed nickel-based alloy composite material powder; furthermore, a certain thickness of Cr is formed based on in-situ diffusion metallurgical reaction between BN particles and Cr layers under the constraint of a high-energy laser beam5B3Phase, and because the lattice types between Ni and Cr are similar, a Ni-Cr diffusion layer is formed between Cr/Ni layers, thereby improving the interface wettability between BN and the nickel-based alloy, and simultaneously, because BN particles and Cr formed between Cr layers5B3The phases also increase the strength of the nickel-base alloy.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the method forms Cr with BN ceramic particles as cores and a certain thickness5B3Phase layer, on the other hand, improves the wettability of BN and Cr layers, and the interface reaction forms Cr5B3The phase contributes to improving the strength of the nickel-based alloy;
2. based on the similar lattice type between Cr and Ni, the Ni-based alloy has higher solid solubility, and under the thermal action of a high-energy laser beam, atoms of a Cr layer and a Ni layer are diffused to form a Ni-Cr diffusion layer, so that the interface wettability of the Cr layer and the Ni layer and the interface wettability of BN and the nickel-based alloy can be obviously enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a heterointerface-enhanced nickel-based alloy prepared in example 1, in which 1-BN ceramic phase, 2-Cr 5B3An interface reaction layer, a 3-Ni-Cr diffusion layer;
FIG. 2 shows the hardness values of the heterointerface enhanced nickel-based alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Placing powder with the particle size of 30 mu mBN into 5g/L NaOH solution, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 30min to carry out oil removal treatment, and then placing the deoiled BN powder into 2mol/L nitric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic agitation for 10min to carry out surface roughening;
(2) sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface of the deoiled/surface-coarsened BN powder by adopting an arc ion plating process;
(3) performing ball milling on the BN powder plated with Cr and Ni and the Ni-Cr alloy powder according to the mass ratio of 2 wt.% by adopting a ball milling process to obtain nickel-based alloy composite material powder which is uniformly mixed;
(4) scanning, melting and solidifying the nickel-based alloy composite material powder by using a high-energy laser beam with the scanning power of 200W to obtain Cr taking a BN ceramic phase as a core5B3The interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer are heterogeneous interface enhanced.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the BN ceramic phase and the Cr layer were formed to form Cr5B3An interface layer of Cr5B3The Cr layer and the Ni layer on the outer side of the interface layer form a Ni-Cr diffusion layer without obvious metallurgical defects, and further illustrate the wettability of the BN ceramic phase and the nickel-based alloy.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is: in the step 3, the mass ratio of the BN powder to the Ni-Cr alloy powder is 5 wt.%; the scanning power of the high-energy laser beam is 300W.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 2 is: in the step 3, the mass ratio of the BN powder to the Ni-Cr alloy powder is 10 wt.%; the scanning power of the high-energy laser beam in step 4 is 400W.
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 3 is: in the step 3, the mass ratio of the BN powder to the Ni-Cr-Mo alloy powder is 8 wt.%; the nickel-based alloy in the step 3 is Ni-Cr-Mo.
FIG. 2 shows that the hardness values of the laser-induced hetero-interface enhanced nickel-based alloys manufactured in examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 are 1055 to 1250HV0.5Within the range, the hardness is higher than that of the existing laser cladding single BN ceramic particle reinforced Ni60 coating (997HV0.5) Further illustrating Cr in the present invention5B3The heterogeneous interface of the interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer can improve the wettability of the BN and the nickel-based alloy interface, and the hardness is improved.
Claims (6)
1. The heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel-based alloy is characterized by comprising a nickel-based alloy matrix and a BN (boron nitride) reinforced phase, wherein the BN reinforced phase is Cr taking a BN ceramic phase as a core5B3Interfacial reaction layerAnd a Ni-Cr diffusion layer to reinforce the structure,
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting BN powder into NaOH solution for ultrasonic oscillation to carry out deoiling treatment, and then putting the deoiled BN powder into nitric acid solution for ultrasonic agitation to carry out surface roughening;
(2) Sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface of the deoiled/surface-roughened BN powder by adopting an arc ion plating process;
(3) carrying out ball milling on the BN powder plated with Cr and Ni and the nickel-based alloy powder by adopting a ball milling process to obtain nickel-based alloy composite material powder which is uniformly mixed;
(4) the nickel-based alloy composite material powder is subjected to sweeping melting and solidification to obtain Cr with BN ceramic phase as a core5B3A nickel-based alloy with an interface reaction layer and a Ni-Cr diffusion layer with a heterogeneous interface enhanced,
the Cr is5B3The thickness of the interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer are both 50-300 μm,
the particle size of the BN powder in the step (1) is 20-500 mu m.
2. A method of forming the heterointerface enhanced nickel-base alloy of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) putting BN powder into NaOH solution for ultrasonic oscillation to carry out deoiling treatment, and then putting the deoiled BN powder into nitric acid solution for ultrasonic agitation to carry out surface roughening;
(2) sequentially depositing Cr and Ni coatings on the surface of the deoiled/surface-coarsened BN powder by adopting an arc ion plating process;
(3) performing ball milling on the BN powder plated with Cr and Ni and the nickel-based alloy powder by adopting a ball milling process to obtain nickel-based alloy composite material powder which is uniformly mixed;
(4) The nickel-based alloy composite material powder is subjected to sweeping melting and solidification to obtain Cr with a BN ceramic phase as a core5B3The interface reaction layer and the Ni-Cr diffusion layer are heterogeneous interface enhanced.
3. The method of forming a heterointerface enhanced nickel-base alloy according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the BN powder in the composite powder in step (3) is 2-10 wt.%.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the Ni-based alloy in step (3) is one or more of Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo.
5. The method for forming the heterointerface reinforced nickel-based alloy according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the nickel-based alloy composite material powder is subjected to sweeping melting and solidification by using a high-energy laser beam.
6. The method of forming a heterointerface enhanced nickel-base alloy of claim 5,
the scanning power of the high-energy laser beam is 200-400W, and argon is used as protective atmosphere during the scanning processing.
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Application publication date: 20220201 Assignee: Jiangsu Huichuang science and Education Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022320000370 Denomination of invention: A heterogeneous interface reinforced nickel base alloy and its forming method Granted publication date: 20220628 License type: Common License Record date: 20221213 |