CN113997654A - Sound insulation composite board and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents

Sound insulation composite board and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113997654A
CN113997654A CN202111308523.9A CN202111308523A CN113997654A CN 113997654 A CN113997654 A CN 113997654A CN 202111308523 A CN202111308523 A CN 202111308523A CN 113997654 A CN113997654 A CN 113997654A
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China
Prior art keywords
foaming
honeycomb core
sound insulation
composite board
sound
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CN202111308523.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙召进
刘宗财
赵艳菊
陈艳
帅仁忠
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111308523.9A priority Critical patent/CN113997654A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/18—Internal lining, e.g. insulating
    • B61D17/185—Internal lining, e.g. insulating for sound insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0084—Foaming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0271—Epoxy resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a sound insulation composite board and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The foaming colloid adopted in the invention can play a role in bonding, and on the other hand, directional foaming is carried out in the cavity of the honeycomb core, so that effective filling is realized, the sound insulation performance of the composite board is improved, the sound absorption layer is formed in the honeycomb core in a hot-pressing foaming mode, the sound insulation and sound absorption performance of the composite board is improved, the integral sound insulation quantity of the composite board is effectively improved, the original strength, rigidity and reliability of the composite board cannot be influenced on the basis of the improvement of the sound insulation quantity, meanwhile, the weight increment is small, the step of independently filling the foaming material in the honeycomb core in a process link can be avoided in a mode of directly carrying out hot-pressing foaming in the honeycomb core to form the sound absorption layer, and the process flow is effectively simplified.

Description

Sound insulation composite board and manufacturing method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a sound insulation composite board and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of railway vehicles in China, the speed of urban railway vehicles is greatly improved, the highest running speed is improved to 120-160 km/h (kilometers per hour), the noise problem in the vehicles is brought by the improvement of the running speed, the riding comfort of passengers is seriously influenced by the noise problem, and the improvement of the sound insulation performance of the structure and the reduction of the transmission of noise to the vehicles are effective control methods.
The passenger room floor, the passenger room side door, the cab side door and the like of the existing railway vehicle are all of aluminum honeycomb composite plate structures, and the aluminum honeycomb composite plate structure has the advantages of high strength, high specific rigidity, environmental protection and mature process, but the structural characteristics of the aluminum honeycomb composite plate structure are not beneficial to sound insulation. After the vehicle speed is increased, the noise source outside the vehicle is correspondingly increased, the sound insulation requirement of key parts is also correspondingly increased, for example, in a passenger room floor area, the sound insulation of an aluminum honeycomb floor structure is required to be not less than 30dB (decibel), the sound insulation of the conventional aluminum honeycomb composite board is usually 23-27 dB, the requirement cannot be basically met, and the improvement and optimization are required.
However, due to the limitation of the space size of the rail vehicle, the requirement of the total thickness of the passenger room floor is not more than 22mm (millimeter), the passenger room floor cannot be optimized and improved by a method for increasing the thickness, and the sound insulation performance can be improved to a certain extent by a sound insulation optimization method which is performed by pasting sound insulation damping pads, damping patches and the like at the present stage, but the brought weight increase is more remarkable, and the control on the weight of the whole vehicle is not favorable. And other novel structures such as a fiber/foam + glass fiber composite structure, a plywood + a sound insulation material are adopted, so that the sound insulation quantity is increased, and meanwhile, the problems of insufficient safety and reliability, fire prevention, environmental protection, complex construction process and the like caused by rigidity reduction are also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sound insulation composite board and a manufacturing method and application thereof, which are used for solving the defects that the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation composite board in the prior art is not up to standard and sound insulation optimization is difficult to carry out, and realizing higher sound insulation increase by smaller weight increment on the basis of keeping the original strength, rigidity and reliability of the composite board.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a sound insulation composite board, which comprises the step of carrying out hot-pressing foaming on a foaming colloid in a cavity of a honeycomb core between an upper skin and a lower skin to form a sound absorption layer which is filled in the cavity and has a porous structure.
According to the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board, the hot-pressing foaming mode comprises soft foaming and structural foaming.
According to the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the foaming colloid is a foaming film, and the soft foaming comprises the following steps:
s101, applying the foam rubber sheets on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core;
s102, placing the honeycomb core applied with the foam film into a hot press, heating to a set temperature, and hot-pressing for a period of time at the set temperature to enable the foam film to be heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core to form the sound absorption layer;
s103, performing thermosetting molding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core by the upper skin and the lower skin.
According to the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the thickness of the foam rubber sheet and the foaming temperature are selected according to the thickness of the cavity inside the honeycomb core and the required foaming times.
According to the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the foaming colloid is foaming glue, and the structural foaming comprises the following steps:
s201, coating the foaming glue on the bonding surfaces of the upper skin and the lower skin, and respectively bonding the upper skin and the lower skin to the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core by using the foaming glue;
s202, carrying out thermosetting molding on the upper skin, the honeycomb core and the lower skin by using a hot press, and heating and foaming the foaming glue in a cavity of the honeycomb core to form the sound absorption layer in the thermosetting molding process.
According to the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the foaming colloid is foaming glue, and the structural foaming comprises the following steps:
s301, placing the honeycomb core into a container containing foaming glue, heating the container, and pressurizing the upper surface of the honeycomb core in the heating process so that the foaming glue is heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core to form the sound absorption layer;
s302, utilizing a hot press to perform hot curing molding on the upper skin and the lower skin on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core.
The invention also provides a sound insulation composite board which is manufactured by the manufacturing method of any sound insulation composite board.
According to the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the sound insulation composite board comprises an upper skin, a lower skin, a honeycomb core and a sound absorption layer, wherein the honeycomb core is arranged between the upper skin and the lower skin, and the sound absorption layer is filled in a cavity of the honeycomb core.
According to the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention, the sound absorption layer is formed by foaming the foaming colloid through hot pressing and has a porous structure.
The invention also provides application of the sound insulation composite board, and the sound insulation composite board is used for a passenger room floor, a passenger room door board, a cab door board, a partition wall, an interior roof, an interior side wall or an interior end wall of a railway vehicle.
According to the sound insulation composite board and the manufacturing method and application thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the adopted foaming colloid can play a role in bonding on one hand, and on the other hand, directional foaming is carried out in the cavity of the honeycomb core to realize effective filling and improve the sound insulation performance of the composite board, the sound absorption layer is formed in the honeycomb core in a hot-pressing foaming mode, the sound insulation and absorption performance of the composite board is improved, the integral sound insulation quantity of the composite board is effectively improved, the original strength, rigidity and reliability of the composite board cannot be influenced on the basis of improving the sound insulation quantity, the weight is increased slightly, and the weight is increased by 1.5-2 kg/m2On the premise of (kilogram per square meter), the sound insulation can be improved by 2-4 dB, and the mode of directly performing hot-pressing foaming on the inner part of the honeycomb core to form the sound absorption layer can also avoid the step of independently filling a foaming material in the honeycomb core in the process link, so that the process flow is effectively simplified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a sound insulation composite board by adopting a soft foaming mode;
FIG. 2 is one of the schematic flow charts of the method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board by adopting a structural foaming mode;
fig. 3 is a second schematic flow chart of the method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board by adopting a structural foaming mode;
FIG. 4 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a second schematic structural diagram of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of the sound insulation quantity-frequency curve between the sound insulation composite board made by soft foaming and the existing composite board;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of the sound insulation quantity-frequency curve between the sound insulation composite board made by structural foaming and the existing composite board;
FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the effect of adding sound insulation/damping to the skin surface on sound insulation in the prior art;
reference numerals:
1. covering the skin; 2. a lower skin; 3. a honeycomb core; 4. a sound absorbing layer; 5. and (4) foaming the colloid.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
The manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board provided by the invention comprises the following steps: and carrying out hot-pressing foaming on the foaming colloid 5 in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 between the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 to form the sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure filled in the cavity. Wherein, the hot-pressing foaming mode comprises two foaming modes of soft foaming and structural foaming.
The composite board is processed and manufactured by the method, on one hand, the composite board has the advantages of small weight increment and high sound insulation,that is to say, on the basis of ensuring the original strength, rigidity and reliability, the sound insulation performance of the aluminum honeycomb composite board can be greatly improved, and the weight is increased by 1.5-2 kg/m2On the premise of (2), the sound insulation quantity can be improved by 2-4 dB, and the effect is obvious; on the other hand, the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board breaks through the problem that the sound insulation quantity is not obviously improved due to the influence of the quality of the traditional optimization method of additionally arranging the sound insulation/damping material on the outer side of the skin or between the honeycomb board layers, and the foamed colloid 5 is filled in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 after being molded, so that the sound absorption performance is improved, and the integral sound insulation quantity of the composite board is effectively improved; on the other hand, the mode of directly performing hot-pressing foaming inside the honeycomb core 3 to form the sound absorption layer 4 can also avoid the step of independently filling foaming materials into the honeycomb core 3 in a process link, thereby effectively simplifying the process flow.
The honeycomb core 3 is an aluminum honeycomb core, and the foaming colloid 5 adopted in the invention can play a role in bonding on one hand, and can be directionally foamed in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 on the other hand, so that effective filling is realized, and the transmission of sound energy between the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 is effectively blocked, thereby playing a noise reduction effect and improving the sound insulation and absorption performance of the composite board.
In the above soft foaming manner, the foaming colloid 5 is a foam rubber sheet, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the soft foaming manufacturing manner of the sound insulation composite board includes the following steps:
s101, applying foam rubber sheets on the upper and lower surfaces of the honeycomb core 3;
s102, placing the honeycomb core 3 applied with the foamed film into a hot press, heating to a set temperature, and carrying out hot pressing at the set temperature for a period of time, wherein the set temperature is slightly higher than the hot pressing temperature of bonding the skin and the honeycomb core 3 and is about 120-140 ℃, the time is usually 20-40min (minutes), and the upper side and the lower side of the honeycomb core 3 are simultaneously subjected to hot pressing, so that the foamed film is heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core 3 to form a sound absorption layer 4;
and S103, performing thermosetting molding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core 3 by using the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2, thereby obtaining the sound insulation composite board.
Wherein the foam film can be epoxy thermosetting film, according to the thickness of 3 inside cavities of honeycomb core and the multiple of required foaming, selects the thickness of foam film and the temperature of foaming to the thickness of 3 inside cavities of honeycomb core is 18mm and the required foaming multiple is 3 ~ 5 times as the example, can select the foam film that thickness is 1.5 ~ 2mm, can set up the foaming temperature to 120 ~ 140 degrees centigrade, and the foaming speed can be influenced to the temperature height. The hot press is at the in-process that carries out the hot pressing to the foamed rubber piece, and the foamed rubber piece can receive the pressure effect of hot press when being heated to make the foamed rubber piece be guided into in the cavity of honeycomb core 3 after being heated and foaming, and completely fill in the cavity of honeycomb core 3, form porous structure in the cavity through directional foaming, thereby form sound-absorbing layer 4 in the cavity of honeycomb core 3. After the sound absorption layer 4 formed by the foaming structure and the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 form a whole, the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 are fixed on two sides of the honeycomb core 3 in a thermal curing molding mode, and therefore the sound insulation composite board is manufactured.
As shown in fig. 6, it can be seen from the comparison graph of the sound insulation amount-frequency curve that the sound insulation amount of the composite board can be increased by adopting the soft foaming mode, and the method is suitable for the aluminum honeycomb composite board (the thickness is less than or equal to 22mm) with poor sound insulation amount (the sound insulation amount is less than 23dB) by adopting the soft foaming mode, and can realize the sound insulation amount optimization of more than 2 dB. The composite board is manufactured by adopting the soft foaming mode, the problem that the sound insulation quantity is not obviously improved due to the influence of quality in the traditional optimization method of additionally arranging the sound insulation/damping material on the outer side of the skin or between the honeycomb board layers is solved, meanwhile, the sound insulation performance of the aluminum honeycomb composite board can be greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the original strength, rigidity and reliability, the step of independently filling the foaming material in the honeycomb core 3 in the process link can be avoided, and the process flow is effectively simplified.
In the foregoing structure foaming manner, the foaming colloid 5 is foaming glue, the foaming glue is two-component epoxy foaming structure glue or two-component polyurethane foaming structure glue, specifically, two-component epoxy foaming structure glue or two-component polyurethane foaming structure glue with different component distribution ratios can be selected according to the foaming temperature and the foaming multiple, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen through a comparison graph of sound insulation amount-frequency curve that the sound insulation amount of the composite board can be effectively increased by adopting the structure foaming manner, and the sound insulation composite board manufactured by the structure foaming manner is used for a composite board with a large sound insulation amount (more than 24 dB) (the thickness is less than or equal to 22 mm).
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, the structural foaming comprises the steps of:
s201, coating foaming glue on the bonding surfaces of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2, and respectively bonding the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 to the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core 3 by utilizing the foaming glue;
s202, carrying out thermosetting molding on the upper skin 1, the honeycomb core 3 and the lower skin 2 by using a hot press, and heating and foaming the foaming glue in a cavity of the honeycomb core 3 to form a sound absorption layer 4 in the thermosetting molding process, thereby obtaining the sound insulation composite board.
The foaming mode of the structure is used for manufacturing composite boards with relatively low requirements on structural strength (such as side walls, roofs, door bodies and other parts with low bearing requirements for railway vehicles), foaming glue is coated on the lower side of an upper skin 1 and the upper side of a lower skin 2, then the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 are respectively bonded on the upper surface and the lower surface of a honeycomb core 3, and finally hot curing molding is carried out through a hot press, in the hot curing molding process, the foaming glue can be directionally foamed towards a cavity inside the honeycomb core 3, and a sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure is formed in the cavity inside the honeycomb core 3, so that the sound insulation amount is improved. Wherein foaming glue can play the effect of bonding on the one hand, will go up covering 1, honeycomb core 3 and lower covering 2 and bond, realizes three's preliminary assembly, and on the other hand carries out directional foaming in honeycomb core 3's cavity, realizes effectively filling, promotes composite sheet sound insulation performance.
The composite board is manufactured by adopting the structural foaming mode, the problem that the sound insulation quantity is not obviously improved due to the influence of quality in the traditional optimization method of additionally arranging the sound insulation/damping material on the outer side of the skin or between the honeycomb board layers is solved, meanwhile, the sound insulation performance of the aluminum honeycomb composite board can be greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the original strength, rigidity and reliability, the step of independently filling the foaming material in the honeycomb core 3 in the process link can be avoided, and the process flow is effectively simplified.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the structural foaming comprises the steps of:
s301, placing the honeycomb core 3 in a container containing foaming glue, heating the container, and pressurizing the upper surface of the honeycomb core 3 in the heating process so that the foaming glue is heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core 3 to form a sound absorption layer 4;
s302, utilizing a hot press to perform hot curing molding on the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core 3, thereby obtaining the sound insulation composite board.
The structural foaming mode is used for manufacturing composite boards (such as parts of floors of railway vehicles and the like) with higher requirements on structural mechanical properties, the honeycomb core 3 is firstly placed in a container containing foaming glue with a certain depth, at the moment, the extending direction of a cavity inside the honeycomb core 3 is the same as the depth direction of the container, the lower surface of the honeycomb core 3 is in direct contact with the bottom of the container, a certain amount of foaming glue can be arranged at the bottom of the cavity inside the honeycomb core 3, the directional foaming of the foaming glue in the cavity inside the honeycomb core 3 is realized and the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 is filled fully by utilizing the processes of heating, pressurizing and the like, so that a sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure is formed in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3, and finally, the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core 3 in a thermal curing manner by utilizing a hot press, so that the sound insulation composite board is obtained.
Wherein, can select to heat it in the bottom of container, the thickness of the foaming glue that holds in the container can be about 3 ~ 4mm, and the temperature of heating can set up to about 180 ~ 200 degrees centigrade, and the time of heating can be controlled about 5 ~ 10 minutes, and the pressurization can select to use pressure devices such as press to pressurize at the upper surface of honeycomb core 3.
The composite board is manufactured by adopting the structural foaming mode, the problem that the sound insulation quantity is not obviously improved due to the influence of quality in the traditional optimization method of additionally arranging the sound insulation/damping material on the outer side of the skin or between the honeycomb board layers is solved, meanwhile, the sound insulation performance of the aluminum honeycomb composite board can be greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the original strength, rigidity and reliability, the step of independently filling the foaming material in the honeycomb core 3 in the process link can be avoided, and the process flow is effectively simplified.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sound insulation composite board provided by the present invention is described below, and the sound insulation composite board described below and the method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board described above can be referred to each other.
The sound insulation composite board provided in the embodiment adopts the manufacturing method of the sound insulation composite board, the sound insulation composite board comprises an upper skin 1, a lower skin 2, a honeycomb core 3 and a sound absorption layer 4, the honeycomb core 3 is arranged between the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2, and the sound absorption layer 4 is filled in a cavity of the honeycomb core 3. The sound absorption layer 4 is a sound absorption layer 4 which is formed by foaming a foaming colloid 5 through hot pressing and has a porous structure.
By adopting the sound insulation composite board with the structure, the foaming colloid 5 in the honeycomb core 3 is directionally foamed by utilizing a hot-pressing foaming mode, the foaming colloid 5 can be a foaming film, the foaming film is firstly adhered to the adhering surfaces of the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2, then the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 are adhered to the honeycomb core 3, and the foaming film at the edge of the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 is directionally foamed inwards under the processing of the hot press, so that the sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure is formed; the foaming colloid 5 can also be foaming glue which is placed at the edge of the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 in a bonding mode, and then the upper skin 1, the honeycomb core 3 and the lower skin 2 are foamed in the process of thermosetting molding by utilizing a hot press, so that the sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure is formed; or the foaming glue is placed in a container, the honeycomb core 3 is placed in the container and then heated and pressurized, so that the sound absorption layer 4 with a porous structure is formed in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3, and then the upper skin 1 and the lower skin 2 are subjected to thermosetting molding.
The sound insulation composite board has the advantages of small weight increment and high sound insulation, namely, the sound insulation performance of the aluminum honeycomb composite board can be greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the original strength, rigidity and reliability, and the weight is increased by 1.5-2 kg/m2On the premise of (2), the sound insulation quantity can be improved by 2-4 dB, and the effect is obvious; on the other hand, the sound insulation composite board breaks through the problem that the sound insulation quantity is not obviously improved due to the fact that the traditional optimized structure which is additionally provided with the sound insulation/damping materials is influenced by the quality is solved, the sound absorption layer 4 is formed in the cavity of the honeycomb core 3 by filling the foamed colloid 5 after the foamed colloid is molded, the sound absorption performance is improved, and the whole sound insulation quantity of the sound insulation composite board is effectively improved.
On the other hand, the invention also provides application of the sound insulation composite board, and the sound insulation composite board is used for a passenger room floor, a passenger room door plate, a cab door plate, a partition wall, an interior roof, an interior side wall or an interior end wall of a vehicle. For example, the sound insulation composite board manufactured by adopting the second structural foaming mode can be used as the passenger room floor; the passenger room door plate, the cab door plate, the partition wall and the interior trim car roof can be made into the sound insulation composite plate by adopting the first structural foaming mode.
The rail vehicle range in the invention is suitable for all types of GJ 2-urban rail transit in CJJ/T114 & 2007 urban public transport Classification Standard, and is also suitable for a motor train unit platform.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for manufacturing a sound insulation composite board is characterized by comprising the following steps: and carrying out hot-pressing foaming on the foaming colloid (5) in the cavity of the honeycomb core (3) between the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2) to form the sound absorption layer (4) with a porous structure filled in the cavity.
2. The method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board according to claim 1, wherein the hot-pressing foaming mode comprises soft foaming and structural foaming.
3. The method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board according to claim 2, wherein the foaming colloid (5) is a foaming rubber sheet, and the soft foaming comprises the following steps:
s101, applying the foam rubber sheets on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core (3);
s102, placing the honeycomb core (3) applied with the foam film into a hot press, heating to a set temperature, and hot-pressing for a period of time at the set temperature, so that the foam film is heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core (3) to form the sound absorption layer (4);
s103, performing thermosetting molding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core (3) by using the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2).
4. A method of manufacturing a sound insulating composite panel according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness of the foam sheet and the temperature of foaming are selected according to the thickness of the cavity inside the honeycomb core (3) and the desired multiple of foaming.
5. The method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board according to the claim 2, wherein the foaming glue (5) is foaming glue, and the structural foaming comprises the following steps:
s201, coating the foaming glue on the bonding surfaces of the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2), and respectively bonding the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2) to the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core (3) by using the foaming glue;
s202, carrying out thermosetting molding on the upper skin (1), the honeycomb core (3) and the lower skin (2) by using a hot press, and heating and foaming the foaming glue in a cavity of the honeycomb core (3) to form the sound absorption layer (4) in the thermosetting molding process.
6. The method for manufacturing the sound insulation composite board according to the claim 2, wherein the foaming glue (5) is foaming glue, and the structural foaming comprises the following steps:
s301, placing the honeycomb core (3) in a container containing foaming glue, heating the container, and pressurizing the upper surface of the honeycomb core (3) in the heating process so that the foaming glue is heated and foamed in a cavity of the honeycomb core (3) to form the sound absorption layer (4);
s302, utilizing a hot press to perform hot curing molding on the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2) on the upper surface and the lower surface of the honeycomb core (3).
7. An acoustical insulation composite panel, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method of manufacturing an acoustical insulation composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The acoustic composite panel according to claim 7, comprising an upper skin (1), a lower skin (2), a honeycomb core (3) and a sound-absorbing layer (4), the honeycomb core (3) being arranged between the upper skin (1) and the lower skin (2), the sound-absorbing layer (4) being filled in the cavity of the honeycomb core (3).
9. The sound-insulation composite board according to claim 8, wherein the sound-absorbing layer (4) is a porous sound-absorbing layer formed by foaming the foamed colloid (5) through hot pressing.
10. Use of an acoustic composite panel according to any of claims 7-9 for a passenger compartment floor (11), a passenger compartment door panel (12), a driver compartment door panel, a partition wall (13), an interior roof, an interior side wall (14) or an interior end wall (15) of a rail vehicle.
CN202111308523.9A 2021-11-05 2021-11-05 Sound insulation composite board and manufacturing method and application thereof Pending CN113997654A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2172152A1 (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-30 Darryl Mark Toni A complex composite sandwich structure having a laminate disposed therein and a method for making the same
CN106584993A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-04-26 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Honeycomb sandwich plate, and high sound insulation method, making method and application thereof
CN110239200A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-09-17 哈尔滨玻璃钢研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of lightweight grid covering honeycomb
CN110843282A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-02-28 嘉善泰力蜂窝制品有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum honeycomb core with filling material and aluminum honeycomb plate
CN112829161A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-25 中国航空制造技术研究院 Foaming glue filling method for composite material honeycomb sandwich structure
CN213891591U (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-08-06 今创集团股份有限公司 Aluminum honeycomb embedded sound insulation floor for railway vehicle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2172152A1 (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-30 Darryl Mark Toni A complex composite sandwich structure having a laminate disposed therein and a method for making the same
CN106584993A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-04-26 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Honeycomb sandwich plate, and high sound insulation method, making method and application thereof
CN110239200A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-09-17 哈尔滨玻璃钢研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of lightweight grid covering honeycomb
CN110843282A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-02-28 嘉善泰力蜂窝制品有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum honeycomb core with filling material and aluminum honeycomb plate
CN213891591U (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-08-06 今创集团股份有限公司 Aluminum honeycomb embedded sound insulation floor for railway vehicle
CN112829161A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-25 中国航空制造技术研究院 Foaming glue filling method for composite material honeycomb sandwich structure

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