CN113996970B - AlCrCuFe2.5NiTix corrosion-resistant high-entropy overlaying alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
AlCrCuFe2.5NiTix corrosion-resistant high-entropy overlaying alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and particularly relates to a build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Corrosion resistanceHigh entropy alloy and its preparation method. The surfacing AlCrCuFe of the invention 2.5 NiTi x The (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy consists of the following components in parts by mass: 6.93-7.83 parts of Al element, 13.34-14.90 parts of Cr element, 16.31-18.17 parts of Cu element, 35.94-39.60 parts of Fe element, 15.14-16.69 parts of Ni element and 2.73-12.32 parts of Ti element. The invention provides a brand new build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion resistant high entropy alloy has a structure of a solid solution phase with a Body Centered Cubic (BCC) structure and a small amount of a Face Centered Cubic (FCC) structure, wherein the corrosion resistance between the phases is obviously different, the formation of component segregation or precipitated phases is reduced, and the structures provide favorable conditions for the design of the corrosion resistant high entropy alloy and obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and particularly relates to a build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x A corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
The metal material is a material foundation on which human beings depend to survive and develop, and has important promotion effect on the development of human society. With the progress of the industrial age, various processing and manufacturing industries such as automobiles, energy sources, machinery and the like have higher and higher requirements on the performance of materials. The design of the high-entropy alloy breaks through the design concept that the traditional alloy is mainly composed of single elements or binary elements, and an alloy system composed of five or more elements with nearly equal atomic ratios. The high-entropy alloy has a thermodynamic high-entropy effect, a kinetic slow diffusion effect, a structural serious lattice distortion effect and a performance cocktail effect, and can show a series of unique structures and performances. Thereby the ceramic material can be widely applied to the fields of cutters, wear-resistant coatings, biomedical materials, electromagnetic materials, chemical plants, thermal power plants, ships, oceans and the like.
Arc Melting (VAM) is the most typical preparation method of the existing bulk high-entropy alloy, and is simple and convenient, high in melting furnace temperature and short in vacuumizing and melting time. However, the high-entropy alloy ingot prepared by arc melting has small blocks, low-melting-point elements are easy to volatilize and difficult to mix with the high-melting-point elements, and elements are segregated in the melting process. The laser cladding and thermal spraying methods are commonly used for preparing high-entropy films or coating materials, and have the defects of small heat input, high heating and cooling speeds, stable chemical properties, relatively poor mechanical properties, easiness in generating air holes of alloy and the like. In the Additive Manufacturing (AM), workpieces such as a die are not needed in the preparation process, the molding automation degree is high, the cooling speed is high, and compared with the process with high cost, the requirement on machines is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy and the preparation method thereof can obtain various alloy with excellent performances such as high hardness, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and the like through reasonable design, the flux-cored wire is also called tubular wire, and flux-cored wires with different purposes can be obtained through different flux-cored additives and proportions, so that the design concept of the high-entropy alloy is combined with the characteristics of the flux-cored wire to research the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy, and the surfacing corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8), whose phase composition includes Body Centered Cubic (BCC) and Face Centered Cubic (FCC) structures. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The polarization curve of the (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) high-entropy surfacing alloy in the 3.5% NaCl solution has higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion rate, shows excellent corrosion resistance, is even more corrosion-resistant than the traditional 304 stainless steel, and becomes an alternative of corrosion-resistant materials for chemical containers, ships and the like. The content of Fe element with low cost is increased, so that the cost of the high-entropy alloy in application can be reduced; the surfacing manufacturing and remanufacturing technology is a rapid and convenient repairing process, and alloy materials with certain performance are clad on the surface of a base metal by adopting a means of gas shielded welding of a consumable electrode, so that the surfacing layer and the base metal can be metallurgically bonded, and certain special performance is achieved. Build-up welding or repairing on the surface of the container, not only can endow the surface of the container with a layer of corrosion-resistant alloy, but also canThe cost of replacing the whole instrument due to the corrosion failure of the key parts is reduced; the method is economical and convenient, can realize good metallurgical bonding, and can improve the defects of other preparation methods to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy consists of the following components in parts by mass: 6.93-7.83 parts of Al element, 13.34-14.90 parts of Cr element, 16.31-18.17 parts of Cu element, 35.94-39.60 parts of Fe element, 15.14-16.69 parts of Ni element and 2.73-12.32 parts of Ti element.
Further, the purity of the metal powder is 99.9%.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
（1）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x design and powder proportioning of corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy:
according to AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) proportioning Al, cr, cu, ni, ti powder, and as the content of Al increases, the phase structure of the alloy is changed from FCC to BCC; cr can promote the formation of BCC solid solution and has stronger effect in high-temperature oxidation-resistant and corrosion-resistant medium; cu is favorable for generating FCC solid solution, is biased to the inter-crystal region, can form spherical Cu-rich nano phase, and remarkably improves the comprehensive performance of the alloy; ni is favorable for generating FCC solid solution, and is one of common components of high-entropy alloy; the Fe has lower cost, is mainly distributed in a matrix, and does not influence the solid solution phase and the microstructure; the radius of Ti atoms is larger, so that lattice distortion can be increased, and the BCC solid solution is obtained. The powder is weighed, mixed uniformly and dried.
（2）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Preparing a corrosion-resistant high-entropy flux-cored wire:
adding the multi-principal element alloy powder prepared in the step 1 into a flux-cored wire powder feeder, adopting a rolling and drawing method to finish the preparation of the flux-cored wire, finishing the forming, alloy powder adding and mouth closing processes of the flux-cored wire in a wire rolling unit, and finishing the flux-cored wires with different wire diameters step by step in a reducing unit through wire drawing dies with different passes. The powder is sent into a U-shaped 304 stainless steel belt by a conveyor belt, and finally the powder is manufactured into the high-entropy flux-cored wire through a multi-pass rolling and drawing machine set. The preparation schematic diagram of the flux-cored wire is shown in fig. 1.
(3) Pretreatment of a base material:
and (3) selecting economical and practical low-carbon steel as a base material, polishing the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting an angle grinder, removing surface rust, and preventing the alloy from generating defects.
（4）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Preparing corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy:
the traveling position of the welding gun is controlled by an automatic trolley, and AlCrCuFe is taken as a heat source by an electric arc 2.5 NiTi x The high-entropy flux-cored wire is melted and forms good metallurgical bonding with the base metal. The cladding metal is the prepared high-entropy surfacing alloy.
Further, in the step 1, the powder is pure metal powder with the granularity of 120 meshes, and the mixing is ball milling mixing, and the mixing time is 20 minutes.
Further, in the step 1, the drying temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 2 hours.
Further, in the step 2, the Fe element in the alloy design is derived from a 304 stainless steel strip, and the content of the Fe element is available according to the composition and filling rate of the steel strip, and the steel strip is selected according to the alloy composition design. The invention preferably adopts 304 stainless steel band, the size of the steel band is 16mm multiplied by 0.25mm, the filling rate is detected in advance before the welding wire is prepared, and the filling rate is 46% -48%.
Further, in the step 2, the steel belt of the wire rolling unit is gradually changed from a one shape to an O shape through 6-pass rolling, the compression ratio of the welding wire reducing unit is controlled to be 15% -30%, and the diameter of the final welding wire is 2.4 mm along with the sequential reduction of the reduction compression ratio.
Further, in the step 4, argon is adopted as the shielding gas, and the purity is 99.9%; the welding process parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
The high-entropy surfacing alloy has the following composition mechanism.
The design of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy breaks through the design of equimolar ratio, is composed of Al, cr, cu, fe, ni, ti elements with unequal atomic ratio, forms solid solution through alloying, and has better corrosion resistance than the traditional metal materials (such as stainless steel and copper-nickel alloy) due to the tetranuclear effect (high entropy effect, lattice distortion effect, slow diffusion effect and cocktail effect) of the high-entropy alloy. Due to the configurational entropy, high entropy alloys tend to form solid solutions of simple disordered Body Centered Cubic (BCC), face Centered Cubic (FCC) or close packed Hexagonal (HCP) structures that provide advantages for the design of corrosion resistant high entropy alloys. Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x In the (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy, on one hand, the remarkable corrosion resistance caused by the cocktail effect is achieved, the Fe-Cr solid solution phase based on the body-centered cubic structure occupies most of the volume, and a large amount of corrosion-resistant element Cr can improve the stability of a passivation film on the surface of the alloy and plays a good role in protecting an erosion environment. And Ti is an element easy to passivate, and along with the increase of the Ti element, a passivation film is formed on the surface of the alloy, and further corrosion is prevented, so that the corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved. On the other hand, the corrosion resistance caused by the slow diffusion effect is remarkable, the diffusion is slower, the corrosion rate is slower, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved in a dynamic angle.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects.
1. The invention provides the design of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy, breaks through the design of equimolar ratio, is composed of Al, cr, cu, fe, ni, ti elements with non-equiatomic ratio, forms a solid solution through alloying, increases the content of low-cost Fe element, and can reduce the cost of the high-entropy alloy in application.
2. The invention provides a brand new build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion resistant high entropy alloys, which have a structure of a majority of solid solution phases of a Body Centered Cubic (BCC) structure and a minority of Face Centered Cubic (FCC) structure, with significant differences in corrosion resistance between the phases, reduced component segregation or precipitated phase formation, which provide advantages for corrosion resistant high entropy alloy designs,the corrosion resistance of the alloy is obviously improved.
3. The high-entropy alloy can obtain alloy with various excellent performances such as high hardness, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and the like through reasonable design, the flux-cored wire is also called a tubular welding wire, and flux-cored wires with different purposes can be obtained by designing different flux-cored additives and proportions, so that the design concept of the high-entropy alloy is combined with the characteristics of the flux-cored wire to study a surfacing AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy, the surfacing technology is one of key technologies of mechanical surface modification and repair, and the appearance of flux-cored wires greatly improves the automation degree of surfacing. The unique composition design of the high-entropy alloy is combined, so that the surfacing layer has a series of excellent characteristics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a flux-cored wire preparation.
FIG. 2 shows an X-ray diffraction analysis chart of the surfacing corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy with different Ti element contents in the embodiment; wherein (a) Ti 0.2 , (b) Ti 0.6 , (c) Ti 0.8 。
FIG. 3 AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Surfacing a corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy structure morphology graph; wherein (a) Ti 0.2 , (b) Ti 0.6 , (c) Ti 0.8 。
FIG. 4 AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Build-up welding a polarization curve of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy and 304 stainless steel; wherein (a) Ti 0.2 , (b) Ti 0.6 , (c) Ti 0.8 (d) 304 stainless steel.
FIG. 5 AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Surfacing corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy and 304 stainless steel; wherein (a) Ti 0.2 , (b) Ti 0.6 , (c) Ti 0.8 (d) 304 stainless steel.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion resistant high entropy alloyThe gold consists of the following components in parts by mass: 6.93-7.83 parts of Al element, 13.34-14.90 parts of Cr element, 16.31-18.17 parts of Cu element, 35.94-39.60 parts of Fe element, 15.14-16.69 parts of Ni element and 2.73-12.32 parts of Ti element.
Further, the purity of the metal powder is 99.9%.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Design and powder proportioning of corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy:
according to AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) proportioning Al, cr, cu, ni, ti powder, and as the content of Al increases, the phase structure of the alloy is changed from FCC to BCC; cr can promote the formation of BCC solid solution and has stronger effect in high-temperature oxidation-resistant and corrosion-resistant medium; cu is favorable for generating FCC solid solution, is biased to the inter-crystal region, can form spherical Cu-rich nano phase, and remarkably improves the comprehensive performance of the alloy; ni is favorable for generating FCC solid solution, and is one of common components of high-entropy alloy; the Fe has lower cost, is mainly distributed in a matrix, and does not influence the solid solution phase and the microstructure; the radius of Ti atoms is larger, so that lattice distortion can be increased, and the BCC solid solution is obtained. The powder is weighed, mixed uniformly and dried.
（2）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Preparing a corrosion-resistant high-entropy flux-cored wire:
adding the multi-principal element alloy powder prepared in the step 1 into a flux-cored wire powder feeder, adopting a rolling and drawing method to finish the preparation of the flux-cored wire, finishing the forming, alloy powder adding and mouth closing processes of the flux-cored wire in a wire rolling unit, and finishing the flux-cored wires with different wire diameters step by step in a reducing unit through wire drawing dies with different passes. The powder is sent into a U-shaped 304 stainless steel belt by a conveyor belt, and finally the powder is manufactured into the high-entropy flux-cored wire through a multi-pass rolling and drawing machine set. The preparation schematic diagram of the flux-cored wire is shown in fig. 1.
(3) Pretreatment of a base material:
and (3) selecting economical and practical low-carbon steel as a base material, polishing the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting an angle grinder, removing surface rust, and preventing the alloy from generating defects.
(4) Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Preparing the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy:
the traveling position of the welding gun is controlled by an automatic trolley, and AlCrCuFe is taken as a heat source by an electric arc 2.5 NiTi x The high-entropy flux-cored wire is melted and forms good metallurgical bonding with the base metal. The cladding metal is the prepared high-entropy surfacing alloy.
Further, in the step 1, the powder is pure metal powder with the granularity of 120 meshes, and the mixing is ball milling mixing, and the mixing time is 20 minutes.
Further, in the step 1, the drying temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 2 hours.
Further, in the step 2, the Fe element in the alloy design is derived from a 304 stainless steel strip, and the content of the Fe element is available according to the composition and filling rate of the steel strip, and the steel strip is selected according to the alloy composition design. The invention preferably adopts 304 stainless steel band, the size of the steel band is 16mm multiplied by 0.25mm, the filling rate is detected in advance before the welding wire is prepared, and the filling rate is 46% -48%.
Further, in the step 2, the steel belt of the wire rolling unit is gradually changed from a one shape to an O shape through 6-pass rolling, the compression ratio of the welding wire reducing unit is controlled to be 15% -30%, and the diameter of the final welding wire is 2.4 mm along with the sequential reduction of the reduction compression ratio.
Further, in the step 4, argon is adopted as the shielding gas, and the purity is 99.9%; the welding process parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
Example 1.
The chemical formula of the alloy in the experimental example is AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.2 The composite material consists of the following components in parts by mass: al:7.64 parts of Cr:14.71 parts, cu:17.98 parts of Fe:39.60 parts, ni:16.69 parts of Ti:3.38 parts.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.2 The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy is as follows.
And weighing all metal powder by adopting an electronic balance, and uniformly mixing. Then ball milling for 20 minutes and drying at 150 ℃ for 2 hours, then adding the powder into a steel belt, and carrying out rolling for 6 times and drawing for 4 times to obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 2.4 mm, wherein the compression ratio of a wire reducing mill is 29%, 22%, 18% and 20%, and the powder filling rate is 46.4%. And then overlaying welding is carried out on the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method, wherein the welding parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
AlCrCuFe prepared in this embodiment 2.5 NiTi 0.2 The corrosion resistance test results of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy are shown in table 1; the X-ray diffraction analysis chart is shown in FIG. 2 (a), and AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.2 The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy consists of a solid solution phase with a large quantity of body-centered cubic (BCC) structures and a small quantity of face-centered cubic (FCC) structures; the structure morphology is shown in fig. 3 (a), and the structure is a typical dendrite structure, and the surface of the matrix has fine second phase TiC precipitated. The electrochemical polarization curve in 3.5% NaCl solution is shown in FIG. 4 (a), which has a lower self-etching current density and a higher self-etching potential. The corrosion appearance is as shown in fig. 5 (a), the corrosion occurs preferentially in the interdendritic regions, and the corrosion is serious.
Example 2.
The chemical formula of the alloy in the experimental example is AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.6 The composite material consists of the following components in parts by mass: al:7.18 parts of Cr:14.02 parts of Cu:17.18 parts of Fe:38.12 parts, ni:15.94 parts of Ti:7.56 parts.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.6 The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy is as follows.
And weighing all metal powder by adopting an electronic balance, and uniformly mixing. Then ball milling for 20 minutes and drying at 150 ℃ for 2 hours, then adding the powder into a steel belt, and carrying out rolling for 6 times and drawing for 4 times to obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 2.4 mm, wherein the compression ratio of a wire reducing mill is 29%, 22%, 18% and 20%, and the powder filling rate is 48.8%. And then overlaying welding is carried out on the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method, wherein the welding parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
The implementation isAlCrCuFe prepared by case 2.5 NiTi 0.6 The corrosion resistance test results of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy are shown in table 1; the X-ray diffraction analysis chart is shown in FIG. 2 (b), and AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.6 The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy consists of a large number of solid solution phases of a BCC structure and an FCC structure; the structure morphology is shown in fig. 3 (b), and the structure is a typical dendrite structure, so that fine second phase TiC is precipitated on the surface of the matrix, and the TiC content is slightly increased. The electrochemical polarization curve in 3.5% NaCl solution is shown in FIG. 4 (b), which has a lower self-etching current density and a higher self-etching potential. The corrosion morphology is shown in fig. 5 (b), the corrosion occurs preferentially in the interdendritic regions, and the corrosion is general.
The difference from example 1 is that: the content of Ti element is increased, and the MC precipitation amount is slightly increased. But the body-centered cubic structure still occupies a large part of volume, the phase is not changed, the self-corrosion current density of the polarization curve is reduced, the self-corrosion potential is increased, the corrosion morphology is slowed down, and the corrosion resistance is improved.
Example 3.
The chemical formula of the alloy in the experimental example is AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.8 The composite material consists of the following components in parts by mass: al:6.95 parts of Cr:13.57 parts of Cu:16.63 parts of Fe:36.88 parts of Ni:15.43 parts of Ti:10.54 parts.
Build-up welding AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.8 The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy is as follows.
And weighing all metal powder by adopting an electronic balance, and uniformly mixing. Then ball milling for 20 minutes and drying at 150 ℃ for 2 hours, then adding the powder into a steel belt, and carrying out rolling for 6 times and drawing for 4 times to obtain the flux-cored wire with the diameter of 2.4 mm, wherein the compression ratio of a wire reducing mill is 29%, 22%, 18% and 20%, and the powder filling rate is 48.8%. And then overlaying welding is carried out on the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting a consumable electrode gas shielded welding method, wherein the welding parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
AlCrCuFe prepared in this embodiment 2.5 NiTi 0.8 The corrosion resistance test results of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy are shown in table 1; the X-ray diffraction analysis chart is shown in FIG. 2 (c), and AlCrC can be seenuFe 2.5 NiTi 0.8 The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy consists of a plurality of solid solution phases of a BCC structure and an FCC structure; the structure morphology is shown in fig. 3 (c), and the structure is a typical dendrite structure, and the surface of the matrix has fine second phase TiC precipitation. The electrochemical polarization curve in 3.5% NaCl solution is shown in FIG. 4 (c), which has the lowest self-etching current density and highest self-etching potential. The corrosion appearance is as shown in fig. 5 (c), the corrosion occurs preferentially in the interdendritic regions, and the corrosion is slower.
The difference from example 2 is that: the Ti element content is increased, the TiC content is slightly increased, but the body-centered cubic structure still occupies most volume, the self-corrosion current density of the polarization curve is minimum, the self-corrosion potential is maximum, the passivation film on the alloy surface is destroyed, the corrosion morphology is slow, and the corrosion resistance is improved.
Comparative example 1.
The same size 304 stainless steel was selected for electrochemical corrosion testing in 3.5% NaCl solution, whose electrochemical polarization curve in 3.5% NaCl solution is shown in fig. 4 (d), which has the highest self-corrosion current density and the smallest self-corrosion potential. The corrosion morphology is shown in fig. 5 (d), the corrosion morphology is irregular, and more corrosion pits appear.
Table 1 the corrosion resistance test results for the high entropy overlay alloy and 304 stainless steel of each embodiment.
As is clear from Table 1, the AlCrCuFe deposit according to the present invention 2.5 NiTi x (x= 0.2,0.6,0.8) the corrosion resistant high entropy alloy corrosion system consists of a weld overlay alloy and a NaCl solution. The metal as the anode loses electrons and is continuously dissolved. Compared with 304 stainless steel, the surfacing alloy has better corrosion resistance. With the continuous addition of Ti element, the corrosion current is reduced, and the corrosion rate of the alloy is steadily reduced. Ti (Ti) 0.8 Is most remarkable. In summary, a small self-etch density, a wide passivation range, and a high self-etch potential may exhibit good etch performance. Self-corrosion potential is an important tool in thermodynamic studies. The higher the potential, the materialThe more difficult the corrosion tendency of the material. The self-etching current density reflects the etching rate of the material. The lower the corrosion current, the lower the corrosion rate of the material.
Claims (10)
1. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 6.93-7.83 parts of Al, 13.34-14.90 parts of Cr, 16.31-18.17 parts of Cu, 35.94-39.60 parts of Fe, 15.14-16.69 parts of Ni and 2.73-12.32 parts of Ti; the purity of the metal is 99.9%.
2. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: al:7.64 parts of Cr:14.71 parts, cu:17.98 parts of Fe:39.60 parts, ni:16.69 parts of Ti:3.38 parts; the purity of the metal is 99.9%.
3. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: al:7.18 parts of Cr:14.02 parts of Cu:17.18 parts of Fe:38.12 parts, ni:15.94 parts of Ti:7.56 parts; the purity of the metal is 99.9%.
4. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: al:6.95 parts of Cr:13.57 parts of Cu:16.63 parts of Fe:36.88 parts of Ni:15.43 parts of Ti:10.54 parts; the purity of the metal is 99.9%.
5. AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy, wherein X is 0.2 or 0.6 or 0.8, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
（1）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x design and powder proportioning of corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy:
according to AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x Weighing Al, cr, cu, ni, ti powder according to the composition proportion, weighing the powder, uniformly mixing and drying; the purity of the metal powder is 99.9%;
（2）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x preparing a corrosion-resistant high-entropy flux-cored wire:
adding the multi-principal element alloy powder prepared in the step 1 into a flux-cored wire feeder, adopting a rolling and drawing method to finish the preparation of the flux-cored wire, wherein the working procedures of forming the welding wire, adding the alloy powder and closing the mouth are finished in a wire rolling unit, and the welding wires with different wire diameters are finished in a reducing unit step by step through wire drawing dies with different passes;
the powder is sent into a U-shaped 304 stainless steel belt by a conveyor belt, and is finally manufactured into the high-entropy flux-cored wire through multi-pass rolling and drawing;
(3) Pretreatment of a base material:
selecting low-carbon steel as a base material, polishing the surface of the low-carbon steel by adopting an angle grinder, and removing surface rust;
（4）AlCrCuFe 2.5 NiTi x preparing corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy:
the traveling position of the welding gun is controlled by an automatic trolley, and AlCrCuFe is taken as a heat source by an electric arc 2.5 NiTi x The high-entropy flux-cored wire is melted and forms good metallurgical bonding with the base metal, and the cladding metal is the prepared high-entropy surfacing alloy.
6. An AlCrCuFe according to claim 5 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized in that in the step 1, powder is pure metal powder with the granularity of 120 meshes, and the powder is mixed by ball milling for 20 minutes.
7. An AlCrCuFe according to claim 5 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized in that in the step 1, the drying temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 2 hours.
8. An AlCrCuFe according to claim 5 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized in that in the step 2, fe element in the alloy design is derived from a 304 stainless steel strip, the content of the Fe element is available according to the components and the filling rate of the steel strip, and the steel strip is selected according to the alloy component design.
9. An AlCrCuFe according to claim 5 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized in that in the step 2, the steel belt of a wire rolling unit is gradually changed into an O shape from a one shape through 6-pass rolling, the compression ratio of a welding wire reducing unit is controlled to be 15% -30%, and the diameter of a final welding wire is 2.4 mm along with the sequential reduction of the reduction compression ratio.
10. An AlCrCuFe according to claim 5 2.5 NiTi x The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant high-entropy surfacing alloy is characterized in that in the step 4, argon is adopted as a shielding gas, and the purity is 99.9%; the welding process parameters are as follows: current 180A, voltage 28V, speed 8 m/h, air flow 12L/min.
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