CN113995493A - Femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly and bone grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a femoral neck fracture bone grafting component, which relates to the technical field of bone transplantation and comprises the following components: the fixed plate is used for setting up on the thighbone, and the director is connected with the fixed plate, and the one end of supporting the needle stretches into the thighbone under the guide effect of director in, gets the bone subassembly and stretches into the thighbone under the guide effect of supporting the needle and get the bone after, implants the defective district of thighbone with the sclerotin of acquireing. The depth of the drilling device implanted into the femur is the same as the depth of the support needle implanted into the femur, so that the obtained bone can be accurately implanted into a bone defect area, and effective bony support of the bone defect area is realized.

Description

Femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly and bone grafting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bone grafting, in particular to a femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly and a bone grafting method.

Background

Femoral neck fracture is often accompanied with bone defects at fracture parts, the positions and the volumes of bone defects directly influence the healing of fracture, bone nonunion and the incidence rate of femoral head necrosis, and the bone defects at different parts can cause corresponding changes of the surface stress of an implant, so that accurate understanding of the positions and the volumes of the femoral neck fracture bone defects also helps to maintain the effectiveness of internal fixation.

Bone grafting is the most direct method to solve the problem of bone defects. The currently clinically common femoral neck bone grafting methods include bone flap transplantation and bone marrow transplantation. The bone flap transplantation adopts the bone flap with the vascular pedicle and the muscle flap with the muscle pedicle to fill, has the advantages of bringing the bone support for the defect part and having the blood supply, and has the defects of needing open operation, causing damage to the supply area, unmatched donor appearance, increased operation range, time and bleeding amount, and higher micromanipulation capability for the operating personnel. Bone marrow transplantation has the advantage of minimally invasive procedures, but this method does not provide effective bony support, nor does it provide precise location of the defect site.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems of the conventional bone grafting methods, it is an object of the present invention to provide a femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly and a bone grafting method, which can precisely fill a bone defect region by pushing a bone material to a predetermined position after drilling the bone material in a femur, and can provide a good bony support to the bone defect region.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly and a bone grafting method comprise the following steps:

the fixing plate is used for being arranged on the femur;

the guider is connected with the fixing plate;

one end of the supporting needle extends into the femur under the guiding action of the guider;

and the bone taking assembly extends into the femur under the guiding action of the supporting needle to take bones and implants the obtained bone substances into the bone defect area of the femur.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, it includes to get the bone subassembly:

the drilling device is arranged on the supporting needle, and one end of the drilling device extends into the femur to take a bone;

one end of the pusher extends into the drilling device for bone grafting.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, still include: the sleeve is connected with the drilling device and the supporting needle respectively, and the other end of the supporting needle penetrates through the sleeve.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, it is used for storing to bore to get to be provided with on the ware bone storage chamber of sclerotin, the one end of pusher set up in the bone storage chamber, and will sclerotin is implanted gu defective area.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, it has the bone mouth of getting of cockscomb structure dogtooth to be provided with on the bone storage cavity.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, the fixed plate includes: the first fixing part is used for being arranged at the greater trochanter of the femur, and the second fixing part is used for being arranged at the tuberosity of the femur.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, be provided with a plurality of first connecting holes on the first fixed part, be provided with a plurality of second connecting holes on the second fixed part, the director is through one the second connecting hole with the second fixed part is connected.

Above-mentioned femoral neck fracture bone grafting subassembly, wherein, be provided with the scale that has the same scale on the support needle, the brill gets the ware respectively.

The femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly is characterized in that one end of the pusher extending into the bone storage cavity is provided with a curved surface matched with the shape of the bone.

A method of implanting bone, comprising the steps of:

step S1: attaching and fixing the fixing plate to the femur, and performing step S2;

step S2: after the guide is connected to the fixing plate, the supporting pin is inserted into the bone defect area of the femur along the guide, and step S3 is performed;

step S3: removing the fixing plate and the guide, connecting a sleeve to a drill, sleeving the drill on the support pin, placing the drill into the femur along the support pin, and executing step S4;

step S4: taking down the support needle and the guider, extending one end of a pusher into a bone storage cavity, and pushing the pusher to implant the obtained bone into the bone defect area of the femur;

step S5: the pusher and the drill are removed.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the positive effects that:

(1) the depth of the drilling device implanted into the femur is the same as the depth of the support needle implanted into the femur, so that the obtained bone can be accurately implanted into a bone defect area, and effective bony support of the bone defect area is realized;

(2) the special arrangement mode of the second connecting holes facilitates the flexible selection of the position and the angle of the guider in the operation, thereby facilitating the more accurate implantation of the supporting needle into a bone defect area;

(3) the surfaces, attached to the thighbone, of the first fixing part and the second fixing part are provided with curved surfaces matched with the shape of the thighbone, so that the attaching areas of the first fixing part and the second fixing part to the thighbone are increased;

(4) the first part of the sleeve is provided with internal threads connected with the bone taking assembly, the inner diameter of the second part is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the support needle, and the support needle sequentially penetrates through the first part and the second part and then is limited by the second part, so that the support needle is prevented from shaking greatly;

(5) the depth of the support needle implanted into the femur can be accurately and quickly read through the scales on the support needle, and the drill is implanted into the femur at the same depth based on the scales on the support needle, so that accurate implantation of bone is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a fixing plate of a femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural view of a guide of a femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a supporting needle of the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a sleeve of a femoral neck fracture bone graft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of a drill of the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pusher of a femoral neck fracture grafting assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the contact end of the pusher of the femoral neck fracture grafting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a first operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a second operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a third operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a fourth operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a fifth operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a sixth operational state diagram of a femoral neck fracture grafting method according to the present invention;

fig. 14 is a seventh operation state diagram of a femoral neck fracture bone grafting method according to the present invention.

In the drawings: 1. a fixing plate; 11. a first fixed part; 12. a second fixed part; 13. a first connection hole; 14. a second connection hole; 2. a guide; 21. a first threaded connection port; 22. screwing the end; 3. a supporting needle; 4. a drilling device; 41. a bone storage cavity; 42. taking a bone opening; 43. a handle; 44. a second threaded connection port; 5. a sleeve; 51. a first portion; 52. a second portion; 6. a pusher; 61. a handle cap; 62. a contact end; 63. a curved surface; 7. scale lines; 8. a screw; 91. the femur; 92. and (5) bone substance.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly includes: the bone taking device comprises a fixing plate 1, a guider 2, a supporting needle 3 and a bone taking assembly, wherein the fixing plate 1 is attached to and fixedly arranged on a femur 91, preferably, a steel plate with the thickness of 1.5mm is selected as the fixing plate 1, after the guider 2 is connected with the fixing plate 1, under the condition of X-ray irradiation or fluoroscopy, one end of the supporting needle 3 is accurately placed in a bone defect area in the femur 91 under the guidance of the guider 2, the supporting needle 3 is used for fixing a temporary fracture block on one hand, on the other hand, one end of the bone taking component extends into the femur 91 under the guidance of the supporting needle 3 for taking bone, then the obtained bone 92 is implanted into the bone defect area, preferably, the supporting pin 3 is a kirschner wire, the depth of the bone taking component implanted into the femur 91 is the same as the depth of the supporting pin 3 implanted into the femur 91, the obtained bone 92 can be accurately implanted into the bone defect area, and effective bony support of the bone defect area is realized.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the guide 2 has a guide cavity, one end of the support pin 3 is implanted into the femur 91 along the guide cavity, the two ends of the guide 2 are respectively provided with a first threaded connection port 21 and a screwing end 22, the guide 2 is connected to the fixing plate 1 through the first threaded connection port 21, and the screwing end 22 is further provided with friction lines. Preferably, the guider 2 is a hollow cylinder with the aperture of 2.6 +/-0.1 mm and the wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

Alternatively, the guide 2 has a guide groove along which the support pin 3 is implanted into the femur 91 with one end of the guide 2 engaged with the fixing plate 1.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the fixing plate 1 includes: a first fixing part 11 and a second fixing part 12, preferably, the first fixing part 11 is integrally connected with the second fixing part 12, the root of the neck of the femur 91 is provided with a rough bulge protruding outwards and upwards called a greater trochanter, the bulge protruding backwards and inwards is called a lesser trochanter and also called a lesser tuberosity, the first fixing part 11 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 13, preferably, each first connecting hole 13 is a round hole, each first connecting hole 13 is internally provided with an internal thread, the first fixing part 11 is fixed on the rear outer side of the greater trochanter by screwing the corresponding first connecting hole 13 with a screw, and simultaneously, the second fixing part 12 is ensured to be attached at the tuberosity, the second fixing part 12 is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes 14, the plurality of second connecting holes 14 are uniformly arranged on the second fixing part 12, preferably, the number of the second connecting holes 14 is 9, and the arrangement form of the plurality of second connecting holes 14 is shown in figure 1, the position and the angle of the guider 2 can be flexibly selected in the operation conveniently, so that the supporting needle 3 can be implanted into the bone defect area more accurately.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, each second connection hole 14 is a circular hole with an internal thread, and the first threaded connection hole 21 of the guider 2 is connected to one second connection hole 14 in a threaded manner, so that the fixing of the guider 2 on the fixing plate 1 is realized.

Or, each second connecting hole 14 is a square hole, so that the guider 2 provided with the guide groove can be conveniently inserted on the fixing plate 1.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the surfaces of the first fixing portion 11 and the second fixing portion 12, which are attached to the femur 91, have curved surfaces matching the shape of the femur 91, so that the attaching areas of the first fixing portion 11 and the second fixing portion 12 to the femur 91 are increased.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly further comprises: the sleeve 5, as shown in fig. 4, the sleeve 5 includes: the bone taking component comprises a first part 51 and a second part 52, wherein the first part 51 is provided with internal threads to be connected with the bone taking component, the inner diameter of the second part 52 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the support needle 3, the support needle 3 sequentially penetrates through the first part 51 and the second part 52, the second part 52 limits the support needle 3 and prevents the support needle 3 from shaking greatly, and preferably, the first part 51 and the second part 52 are integrally connected.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the bone-removing assembly comprises: the drilling device 4 and the pusher 6 are, as shown in fig. 5, provided with a bone storing cavity 41, two bone taking ports 42 and a second threaded connection port 44 which are communicated with the bone storing cavity 41, the drilling device 4 is provided with a bone storing cavity 41, two bone taking ports 42 and a second threaded connection port 44 which are communicated with the bone storing cavity 41, after the support pin 3 is implanted into the femur 91, the guider 2 and the fixing plate 1 are removed, the sleeve 5 is assembled on the drilling device 4, then the drilling device 4 is slowly sleeved on the support pin 3, the drilling device 4 is implanted into the femur 91 along the support pin 3 to take the bone, the bone 92 with the corresponding depth is drilled according to the depth of the support pin 3, when the drilling device 4 is implanted into the femur 91 and the support pin 3 is implanted into the femur 91, the sleeve 5 and the support pin 3 are removed, one end of the pusher 6 is inserted into the bone storing cavity 41 of the drilling device 4, the pusher 6 is slowly pushed to implant the obtained bone 92 into the bone defect area, and finally the pusher 6 and the drilling device 4 are removed.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the drill 4 is provided with a plurality of handles 43 for rotating the drill 4.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the bone access 42 has serrated teeth to facilitate bone access.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the pusher 6 has a cap 61 and a contact end 62, the contact end 62 having a slight curvature that matches the shape of the bone 92, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the support pin 3 and the drill 4 are respectively provided with the scales 7 having the same scale, the depth of the support pin 3 implanted into the femur 91 can be accurately and quickly read through the scales 7 on the support pin 3, and the drill 4 is implanted into the femur 91 by the same depth based on the scales 7 on the support pin 3, thereby realizing the accurate implantation of the bone 92.

The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments and the protection scope of the present invention are not limited thereby.

The application also provides a bone grafting method applied to the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly, which comprises the following steps:

step S1: as shown in fig. 8, the fixing plate 1 is attached and fixed to the femur 91, and step S2 is performed;

in step S1, the position of the fixing plate 1 is adjusted so that the first fixing portion 11 is attached and fixed to the greater trochanter of the femur 91 and the second fixing portion 12 is attached to the tuberosity;

step S2: as shown in fig. 9 and 10, after the guide 2 is coupled to the fixing plate 1, the support pin 3 is inserted into the bone defect region of the femur 91 along the guide 2, and step S3 is performed;

in step S2, the bone defect area is determined by X-ray, and the guide 2 is fixed to a second connecting hole 14 aligned with the bone defect area, wherein the second connecting hole 14 minimizes the distance between the center of the bone defect area and the centers of a plurality of second connecting holes 14, thereby minimizing the damage to the femur 91 during the operation;

step S3: as shown in fig. 11 and 12, after the fixing plate 1 and the guide 2 are removed and the sleeve 5 is coupled to the drill 4, the drill 4 is fitted over the supporting pin 3 and is inserted into the femur 91 along the supporting pin 3, and step S4 is performed;

in step S3, the drill 4 is implanted into the femur 91 to the same depth as the support pins 3 are implanted into the femur 81, so that the drill 4 can obtain the precise bone implantation defect area of the bone 92;

step S4: as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the supporting needle 3 and the guide 2 are removed, and after one end of the pusher 6 is inserted into the bone storage cavity 41, the pusher 6 is pushed to implant the retrieved bone 92 into the bone defect area of the femur 91;

step S5: the pusher 6 and the drill 4 are removed.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly, comprising:

the fixing plate is used for being arranged on the femur;

the guider is connected with the fixing plate;

one end of the supporting needle extends into the femur under the guiding action of the guider;

and the bone taking assembly extends into the femur under the guiding action of the supporting needle to take bones and implants the obtained bone substances into the bone defect area of the femur.

2. The femoral neck fracture bone graft assembly of claim 1, wherein the bone removal assembly comprises:

the drilling device is arranged on the supporting needle, and one end of the drilling device extends into the femur to take a bone;

one end of the pusher extends into the drilling device for bone grafting.

3. The femoral neck fracture bone graft assembly of claim 2, further comprising: the sleeve is connected with the drilling device and the supporting needle respectively, and the other end of the supporting needle penetrates through the sleeve.

4. The femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to claim 2, wherein the drill is provided with a bone storing cavity for storing the bone substance, one end of the pusher is arranged in the bone storing cavity, and the bone substance is implanted into the defect fixing area.

5. The femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to claim 4, wherein the bone storing cavity is provided with a bone taking opening with sawtooth-shaped convex teeth.

6. The femoral neck fracture bone graft assembly of claim 1, wherein the fixation plate comprises: the first fixing part is used for being arranged at the greater trochanter of the femur, and the second fixing part is used for being arranged at the tuberosity of the femur.

7. A femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of first connecting holes are provided on the first fixing portion, a plurality of second connecting holes are provided on the second fixing portion, and the guide is connected with the second fixing portion through one of the second connecting holes.

8. The femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to claim 1, wherein the support needle and the drill are respectively provided with scales with the same scale.

9. The femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to claim 1, wherein one end of the pusher extending into the bone storage cavity is provided with a curved surface matched with the shape of the bone.

10. A bone grafting method applied to the femoral neck fracture bone grafting assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1: attaching and fixing the fixing plate to the femur, and performing step S2;

step S2: after the guide is connected to the fixing plate, the supporting pin is inserted into the bone defect area of the femur along the guide, and step S3 is performed;

step S3: removing the fixing plate and the guide, connecting a sleeve to a drill, sleeving the drill on the support pin, placing the drill into the femur along the support pin, and executing step S4;

step S4: taking down the support needle and the guider, extending one end of a pusher into a bone storage cavity, and pushing the pusher to implant the obtained bone into the bone defect area of the femur;

step S5: the pusher and the drill are removed.

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