CN113995296A - Cooking utensil and forming method thereof - Google Patents
Cooking utensil and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113995296A CN113995296A CN202010733595.7A CN202010733595A CN113995296A CN 113995296 A CN113995296 A CN 113995296A CN 202010733595 A CN202010733595 A CN 202010733595A CN 113995296 A CN113995296 A CN 113995296A
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- titanium
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- silicon
- stick layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
Abstract
The application provides a cooking utensil and a forming method thereof, wherein the cooking utensil comprises a utensil and a non-stick layer, and the non-stick layer covers the surface of the utensil; the surface of the non-stick layer is provided with a lotus leaf structure, the non-stick layer comprises titanium particles, silicon particles and titanium-silicon eutectic alloy, and the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is 60-80%. This application can avoid using non-stick coating, improves cooking utensil's durability, prolongs cooking utensil's life.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of kitchen tools, in particular to a cooking appliance and a forming method thereof.
Background
The existing cooking utensil has the non-stick effect by mainly spraying non-stick coating (such as fluorine-containing coating or ceramic coating) on a utensil, and avoids the phenomenon of sticking a pot in the process of cooking food. However, the existing non-stick coating, whether being a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating, has the defects of poor temperature resistance and easy scratching and breakage, so that the cooking utensil is easily abraded and scratched by food materials or a slice in the using process, the non-stick property is reduced until the non-stick property is lost, and the service life of the cooking utensil is influenced. Therefore, in order to reduce abrasion and scratches, the existing cooking appliances need to be matched with a specific silica gel shovel or a specific wood shovel, so that the cooking habit that Chinese people like to use an iron shovel is very inconsistent, and the experience feeling of consumers is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a cooking utensil and a forming method thereof, which are used for avoiding using non-stick paint, improving the durability of the cooking utensil and prolonging the service life of the cooking utensil.
A first aspect of the present application provides a cooking appliance, comprising:
a vessel;
the non-stick layer covers the surface of the vessel;
the non-stick layer comprises titanium particles, silicon particles and a titanium-silicon eutectic alloy, and the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is 60-80%.
The cooking utensil comprises a utensil and a non-stick layer, wherein the non-stick layer covers the surface of the utensil; the non-stick layer comprises titanium particles, silicon particles and titanium-silicon eutectic alloy, the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is 60% -80%, the titanium particles and the silicon particles are dispersed in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy and protrude out of the surface of the non-stick layer to form a lotus leaf structure, the non-stick effect of the non-stick layer is achieved by utilizing the hydrophobic and self-cleaning effects of the lotus leaf structure, and the surface of the non-stick layer is prevented from being polluted by food residues. Moreover, the titanium particles and the silicon particles have higher hardness, the strength and hardness of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy are higher than those of the titanium particles and the silicon particles, and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy has higher compactness, and a compact and hard film layer is formed by the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy which has the functions of bonding and fixing the titanium particles and the silicon particles, so that the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is not easy to scratch even when a shovel is used for cooking food, and therefore, the non-stick layer is prevented from being worn in the using process, namely, the cooking utensil can use the shovel, the cooking habit of Chinese people is met, and the experience feeling of consumers is improved.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the titanium particles, the silicon particles and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy in the non-stick layer is 1-2: 6-8, so that the surface of the non-stick layer has a proper number of protrusions, the surface of the non-stick layer forms a lotus leaf structure, the non-stick layer has high strength and compactness, and the non-stick layer is prevented from being damaged due to falling of the protrusions.
Optionally, the titanium particles and the silicon particles have a particle size ranging from 5 μm to 10 μm, so that the protrusions have a proper size while satisfying the requirements of non-stick property and wear resistance of the non-stick layer.
Optionally, the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy forms a matrix of the non-stick layer, the titanium particles and the silicon particles are embedded in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy, and part of the titanium particles and the silicon particles protrude from the surface of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy to form protrusions.
Optionally, the height of each protrusion is 0.5 μm to 8 μm, so that the protrusions have a proper height and simultaneously meet the requirements of non-stick property and wear resistance of the non-stick layer.
Optionally, the distance between the tops of every two adjacent protrusions is 0.5-5 μm, so that the protrusions have a proper distribution density, and the non-stick effect of the non-stick layer is optimized.
Optionally, the surface of each protrusion is an arc surface with a slope of-5, so that the protrusions have a steep surface structure, the contact area of food materials and the protrusions is effectively reduced, and food adhesion is prevented.
Optionally, the non-stick layer further includes unavoidable impurities, wherein in the non-stick layer, the mass ratio of the titanium element is 45% to 50%, the mass ratio of the silicon element is 45% to 50%, and the mass ratio of the impurities is less than 5%, so that the non-stick layer is prevented from being excessively contaminated, and the strength of the non-stick layer is prevented from being reduced.
Optionally, the thickness of the non-stick layer is 10 μm to 100 μm, so that the titanium particles and the silicon particles can be reliably fixed in the non-stick layer, and the titanium particles and the silicon particles are prevented from being worn and falling off in the use process.
A second aspect of the present application provides a method of forming a cooking appliance, comprising:
processing and molding the plate to obtain a vessel;
forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the vessel; the surface of the non-stick layer is provided with a lotus leaf structure, and the non-stick layer comprises titanium particles, silicon particles and titanium-silicon eutectic alloy.
Optionally, the non-stick layer is formed using a sol-gel process.
Optionally, the sol-gel process comprises the steps of:
s1: preparing sol, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction on titanium salt and silicate ester to form sol;
s2: preparing a coating, and uniformly coating the sol on the surface of a vessel;
s3: surface solidification, namely placing the vessel coated with the coating on the surface at 100-200 ℃ to enable the sol to generate condensation;
s4: and (3) forming a film, namely placing the vessel with the surface solidified at the temperature of between 400 and 700 ℃ to form an anti-sticking layer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial schematic structural view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
1-a vessel;
2-a non-stick layer;
20-titanium-silicon eutectic alloy;
22-titanium particles;
24-silicon particles.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a cooking utensil, which includes a dish 1 and a non-stick layer 2, wherein the non-stick layer 2 covers the surface of the dish 1. The vessel 1 may be aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, low carbon steel, cast iron, or a composite sheet composed of low carbon steel, and the surface of the vessel 1 should be low carbon steel or stainless steel so that the non-stick layer 2 is easily firmly combined with the vessel 1. The non-stick layer 2 can be arranged on the inner surface of the vessel 1, so that the phenomenon that food materials in the vessel stick to a pot in the cooking process is effectively avoided; the non-stick layer 2 can also be arranged on the outer surface of the vessel 1 to avoid the pollution which is difficult to clean on the outside of the vessel. The non-stick layer 2 may cover the surface of the dish 1 completely, or may cover only the area of the surface of the dish 1 corresponding to the bottom of the pan.
The non-stick layer 2 comprises titanium particles 22, silicon particles 24 and a titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20, the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is 60% -80%, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are dispersed in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 and protrude out of the surface of the non-stick layer 2 to form a lotus leaf structure, the non-stick effect of the non-stick layer 2 is achieved by utilizing the hydrophobic and self-cleaning effects of the lotus leaf structure, and the surface of the non-stick layer 2 is prevented from being polluted by food residues. In addition, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 have higher hardness, the strength and hardness of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 are higher than those of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24, and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 has higher compactness, and a compact and hard film layer is formed by the bonding and fixing effects of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 between the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24, so that the scratch is not easy to occur even when a shovel is used for cooking food, and the non-stick layer 2 is prevented from being worn in the using process.
In addition, when the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon i eutectic alloy 20 is less than 60%, the titanium-silicon i eutectic alloy 20 is low in proportion, and the grain proportion is high, which may cause the strength of the film layer to be reduced; when the titanium-silicon i eutectic alloy 20 accounts for more than 80%, the particle accounts for a smaller amount, so that the convex structure in the lotus leaf structure accounts for a smaller amount, and finally, the non-adhesiveness is poor.
Specifically, the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is formed by mixing and melting the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24, that is, a part of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 is melted to form molten titanium and silicon, so that the volume of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 is reduced, and the molten titanium and silicon are filled between the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 to form the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20, so that the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 can be uniformly distributed in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 and tightly combined with the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 to form a dense film-like structure, thereby ensuring that the non-stick layer 2 has high hardness and preventing the non-stick layer 2 from being worn. In addition, because the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are structures formed after the outer surfaces are partially melted, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 both have smooth outer surfaces, and the non-stick effect of the non-stick layer 2 is further increased.
Further, the mass ratio of the titanium particles 22, the silicon particles 24 and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 in the non-stick layer 2 is 1-2: 6-8, that is, the mass ratio of the titanium particles 22 in the non-stick layer 2 is 1-2%, the mass ratio of the silicon particles 24 is 10-20%, and the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is 60-80%, so that the surface of the non-stick layer 2 can be provided with a proper number of protrusions, the surface of the non-stick layer 2 forms a lotus leaf structure, the non-stick layer 2 can have high strength and compactness, and the non-stick layer 2 is prevented from being damaged due to falling of the protrusions. When the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is less than 60%, the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 in the non-stick layer 2 is too small, and the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are too large; on one hand, the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is difficult to form a uniform and compact film layer, which affects the strength of the non-stick layer 2; on the other hand, too little titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is filled between the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24, resulting in the peeling of the titanium particles 22 or the silicon particles 24. When the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is more than 80%, excessive melting of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 occurs, resulting in that the sizes of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are too small or the number thereof is too small, thereby making it difficult to form a lotus leaf structure on the surface of the non-stick layer 2.
Further, the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 forms a substrate of the non-stick layer 2, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are embedded in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20, and part of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 protrude out of the surface of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 to form protrusions, and an uneven structure similar to a lotus leaf surface is formed on the surface of the non-stick layer 2 through the protrusions, so that the non-stick effect is achieved.
Further, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 have a particle size ranging from 5 μm to 10 μm, so that the protrusions have a proper size and satisfy the requirements of the non-stick property and the wear resistance of the non-stick layer 2. When the particle size of the titanium particles 22 or the silicon particles 24 is less than 5 μm, the protruding part is not obvious, and the lotus leaf surface cannot be effectively formed, so that the non-stick property is poor; when the particle diameter of the titanium particles 22 or the silicon particles 24 is larger than 10 μm, the particles are too large and the number of particles distributed in the same area is too small, resulting in that the particles are easily worn out.
Further, the height of each protrusion is 0.5 μm to 8 μm, so that the protrusions have a proper height while satisfying the non-stick property requirement and the wear resistance requirement of the non-stick layer 2. When the height of the protrusions is less than 0.5 mu m, the protrusions are too small to effectively form the lotus leaf surface, so that the non-stick property is poor; when the height of the protrusions is more than 8 μm, the protrusions are too high, and the protrusions are easily damaged by breakage or the like during use.
Further, the distance between every two adjacent bulges is 0.5-5 μm, so that the bulges have proper distribution density, and the non-stick effect of the non-stick layer 2 is optimal. When the distance between the protrusions is less than 0.5 μm, the gaps between adjacent protrusions are too small, which causes residual contamination which is not easy to clean and is easily formed between the protrusions, and causes the gaps between the protrusions to be filled up, so that the surface of the non-stick layer 2 tends to be flat, thereby causing the non-stick property of the non-stick layer 2 to be reduced or lost; when the distance between the protrusions is greater than 5 μm, the distance between the protrusions is too large, resulting in contact of the food material with the surface of the substrate formed of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy, resulting in adhesion and loss of non-stick effect.
Furthermore, the surface of each protrusion is an arc surface with the slope of-5, so that the protrusions have a smooth surface structure, and food adhesion is prevented. When the slope of the surface of the protrusion is less than-5 or greater than 5, the surface of the protrusion is too steep, and when the food material is in contact with the protrusion, the protrusion easily penetrates into the food material, thereby causing adhesion.
Further, the non-stick layer 2 further comprises impurities, the mass proportion of titanium element in the non-stick layer 2 is 45% -50%, the mass proportion of silicon element in the non-stick layer 2 is 45% -50%, and the mass proportion of the impurities is less than 5%, so that the situation that the strength of the non-stick layer 2 is reduced due to excessive impurities of the non-stick layer 2 is prevented. The impurities may be carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, chlorine, etc., which are residual elements generated during the production process, and are not related to the formation mechanism of the non-stick layer 2. Therefore, the lower the content of the impurity element, the better, but too low the content of the impurity element causes the production cost to be too high, and therefore it is possible to allow impurities in the non-stick layer to be not more than 5%.
Further, the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is 10 μm to 100 μm, so that the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 can be reliably fixed in the non-stick layer 2, and the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are prevented from being worn and falling off during use. When the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is less than 10 μm, the portion of the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 embedded in the non-stick titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20 is too small, so that the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 cannot be effectively fixed, and are easy to wear and fall off in the using process; when the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is greater than 100 μm, the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is too large, which results in too high cost, and in addition, since only the lotus leaf structure on the surface of the non-stick layer 2 has a non-stick effect, increasing the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 does not significantly improve the non-stick effect and strength of the non-stick layer 2, so that the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is controlled not to exceed 100 μm.
In order to illustrate the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil in the embodiment of the application, a comparative test is carried out on the wear-resistant non-stick performance and the lasting non-stick performance of the existing non-stick pan made of fluorine coating and the non-stick pan made of the embodiment of the application. See tables 1 and 2 for comparative test results. Wherein, each sample number represents a group of sample cookers, and the test result is the average value of the test results of the group of sample cookers. The cooking utensils of the respective sets of examples were identical in other parameters (such as shape, size, material, thickness, forming process, etc. of the ware) except for the non-stick layer, and the remaining test conditions were also identical. It should be noted that, in the following description,
the test process and the judgment standard of the wear resistance and the non-stick performance are as follows: respectively placing the test samples on an abrasion resistance tester, carrying out frequency 33 times/min and pressure 15N, adopting scouring pads (3M7447B) with the length of 70 +/-5 mm and the width of 30 +/-5 mm to move back and forth for 100mm, changing the scouring pads every 500 times, carrying out non-adhesion evaluation on the fried eggs, continuously carrying out two cycles of III-level non-adhesion grade on the fried eggs, recording the test times (namely abrasion resistance times) after the test is finished, wherein the more the test times, the longer the non-adhesion service life of the coating is.
The test process and the judgment standard of the lasting non-stick performance are carried out by referring to an accelerated simulation test program of the non-stick pan, and the method comprises the following steps: a: quartz stone (shovel) → B: shock abrasion resistance test → C: steel wire wear resistance test → D: dry-burn mixed sauce → E: boiled salt water → F: and (4) evaluating the non-stick grade of the fried eggs, finishing the above 5 testing steps and one non-stick grade evaluation, and marking the end of one cycle.
And when the accelerated simulation test is carried out, judging the non-stick service life after each cycle is finished. The endpoint can be determined by one of the following phenomena:
(1) the non-stick property is reduced:
the non-stick grade of the fried eggs is continuously classified as grade III for two cycles;
(2) appearance failure:
the coating has a fluffing phenomenon;
the diameter of the falling area of the coating is more than 3 mm;
the abrasion obviously exposes the base material;
the coating has puncture type scratches (exposing the base material) of more than 3;
the dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag is generated;
the number of simulated test cycles (i.e., the number of cycles) at the end of the test was recorded as the non-stick life of the product, with more cycles indicating a longer non-stick life of the coating.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data of tables 1 and 2, the titanium particles, the silicon particles and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy form coatings having non-tackiness. When the content of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is 60-80%, compared with a coating formed by fluorine paint, the coating formed by the titanium particles, the silicon particles and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy has higher non-stick performance, higher wear resistance and durable non-stick performance, so that the requirement of the non-stick performance of a cooking utensil can be met, the wear resistance of the cooking utensil can be enhanced, and the service life of the cooking utensil can be prolonged; when the content of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is less than 60%, the content of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is too small, so that silicon particles or titanium particles in the coating are easy to damage, and the coating can meet the non-stick performance requirement of cooking appliances but cannot meet the wear resistance requirement of the cooking appliances; when the content of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is more than 80%, the content of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy is too high, so that the wear resistance is reduced, and the non-stick property requirement of the cooking utensil cannot be met.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a forming method of the cooking utensil, which comprises the following steps: processing and molding the plate to obtain a vessel 1; forming an anti-sticking layer 2 on the surface of the vessel 1; the surface of the non-stick layer 2 is provided with a lotus leaf structure, and the non-stick layer 2 comprises titanium particles 22, silicon particles 24 and titanium-silicon eutectic alloy 20.
Further, the non-stick layer 2 may be formed using a sol-gel method. That is, raw materials are uniformly mixed in a liquid phase, hydrolysis and condensation chemical reactions are carried out, a stable transparent sol system is formed in a solution, and a solid material with molecules or even nano substructures is prepared after sol is solidified and dried.
Further, the sol gel process may comprise the steps of:
s1: preparing sol, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction on titanium salt and silicate ester to form sol;
s2: preparing a coating, and uniformly coating the sol on the surface of the vessel 1;
s3: surface solidification, namely placing the vessel 1 coated with the coating on the surface at 100-200 ℃ for about 0.5-2H to make the sol generate condensation;
s4: forming a film, namely placing the vessel 1 with the surface solidified at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ for about 1-3H to form an anti-sticking layer 2; in one aspect, the titanium particles 22 and the silicon particles 24 are melted and form a titanium-silicon eutectic alloy; on the other hand, impurity elements (e.g., elements such as carbon, hydrogen, or oxygen) in the titanium salt, silicate, and solvent are sufficiently volatilized in the form of a compound, and finally titanium and silicon elements having high purity are formed.
Specifically, step S1 includes adding a titanium salt and a silicate into a solvent, stirring the mixture uniformly, generating fine charged particles through a hydrolysis reaction, and removing impurities to form a gel. Since the raw materials used in the sol-gel method are first dispersed in a solvent to form a solution having a low viscosity, uniformity at a molecular level, which is likely to be uniformly mixed between reactants at a molecular level when forming a gel, can be obtained in a short time. The time of the hydrolysis reaction is 1H-2H; when the time of the hydrolysis reaction is less than 1H, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently, resulting in waste of raw materials; when the hydrolysis reaction time is more than 2H, it may result in excessively large particles being formed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A cooking appliance, comprising:
a vessel (1);
the non-stick layer (2) covers the surface of the vessel (1);
the non-stick layer (2) comprises titanium particles (22), silicon particles (24) and a titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20), and the mass ratio of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) is 60% -80%.
2. The cooking utensil according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium particles (22), the silicon particles (24) and the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) in the non-stick layer (2) is 1-2: 6-8.
3. The cooking appliance according to claim 1, wherein the titanium particles (22) and the silicon particles (24) each have a particle size in the range of 5 μm to 10 μm.
4. The cooking appliance according to claim 1, wherein the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) forms a matrix of the non-stick layer (2), the titanium particles (22) and the silicon particles (24) are embedded in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20), and a part of the titanium particles (22) and the silicon particles (24) protrude from the surface of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) to form protrusions.
5. The cooking appliance according to claim 4, wherein each of the protrusions has a height of 0.5 μm to 8 μm.
6. The cooking appliance according to claim 4, wherein a distance between each adjacent protrusions is 0.5 μm to 5 μm.
7. The cooking utensil of claim 4 wherein the surface of each protrusion is a cambered surface with a slope of-5 to 5.
8. The cooking utensil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) further comprises inevitable impurities, and in the non-stick layer (2), the mass ratio of titanium element is 45% to 50%, the mass ratio of silicon element is 45% to 50%, and the mass ratio of the impurities is less than 5%.
9. The cooking appliance according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the thickness of the non-stick layer (2) is between 10 μm and 100 μm.
10. A method of forming a cooking appliance comprising:
processing and molding the plate to obtain a vessel (1);
forming a non-stick layer (2) on the surface of the vessel (1); characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises titanium particles (22), silicon particles (24) and a titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20);
the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) forms a matrix of the non-stick layer (2), the titanium particles (22) and the silicon particles (24) are embedded in the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20), and part of the titanium particles (22) and the silicon particles (24) protrude out of the surface of the titanium-silicon eutectic alloy (20) to form protrusions.
11. The method for forming a cooking utensil of claim 10 wherein the non-stick layer (2) is formed using a sol-gel process.
12. The method for forming a cooking utensil of claim 11 wherein the sol-gel process comprises the steps of:
s1: preparing sol, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction on titanium salt and silicate ester to form sol;
s2: preparing a coating, and uniformly coating the sol on the surface of the vessel (1);
s3: surface solidification, namely placing the vessel (1) coated with the coating on the surface at the temperature of between 100 and 200 ℃ to condense the sol;
s4: and (3) forming a film, namely placing the vessel (1) with the surface solidified at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ to form the non-stick layer (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010733595.7A CN113995296A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Cooking utensil and forming method thereof |
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