CN113992969A - Method, device and terminal for rapidly switching digital television channels - Google Patents
Method, device and terminal for rapidly switching digital television channels Download PDFInfo
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
- H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
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- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device and a terminal for quickly switching digital television channels, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a target channel to be switched according to a received channel switching instruction; acquiring a prestored M3U8 file corresponding to a target channel through a network, and acquiring and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file; locking a corresponding frequency point according to a target channel, and acquiring a digital transmission stream corresponding to the frequency point; analyzing audio and video data streams from the digital transmission stream; after the content of a period of time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the audio and video data stream of the corresponding time point is played. This application adopts the mode that network channel and broadcasting and TV passageway combined together to improve and trades a platform speed, and during the switching, at first the network data of broadcast target channel under the current time switches to the broadcasting and TV passageway after having broadcast the network data, plays corresponding digital transport stream, has avoided appearing lagging and the sense of pausing when switching the platform, and then has reached the purpose of cutting the platform fast.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of digital television technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a terminal for fast switching of digital television channels.
Background
With the development of the digital television industry, more and more programs can be watched by a television, and it is more and more difficult for a user to quickly switch channels.
At present, in the Digital television field, what is most widely applied is a DVB + OTT-like product having a bidirectional function, which is characterized in that DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) data is Cable (Cable television Cable), demodulation is performed through tuner (tuner), bidirectional data is Cable, EOC (Ethernet Over Cable, Ethernet coaxial transmission technology) or CM (Cable Modem, customer premises equipment), and Digital signals are transmitted through TS (Transport Stream), and generation of one channel of program needs to pass through: tuner frequency locking, demux parsing (filtering PAT (Program Association Table) and PMT (Program Map Table) data), CA descrambling, decode, and other processes are finally played.
However, the channel switching time of the user is mainly limited by tuner frequency locking and software decoding, and particularly when the signal quality is poor and the decoding performance is low, the channel switching time is usually greater than 2s, generally speaking, the acceptable channel switching time delay is within 1s, for example, greater than 2s, so that obvious delay and pause feeling are generated, and the user is easily bored. Therefore, how to increase the channel changing speed and enhance the user experience becomes an urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method, a device and a terminal for quickly switching digital television channels, which are used for solving the problem that the current digital television channel switching time is long and the user experience is influenced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application discloses the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a method for quickly switching channels of a digital television, where the method includes:
determining a target channel to be switched according to a received channel switching instruction;
obtaining a pre-stored M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel through a network, and obtaining and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file;
locking a corresponding frequency point according to the target channel, and acquiring a digital transport stream corresponding to the frequency point;
analyzing audio and video data streams from the digital transmission stream;
and after the content fragments are played for a period of time, switching the content fragments to a broadcasting channel by a network channel, and playing the audio and video data streams at corresponding time points.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further discloses a device for fast switching channels of a digital television, including:
a memory for storing program code;
a processor for reading the program code stored in the memory and performing the method of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a terminal,
the method for rapidly switching the digital television channels comprises the following steps: determining a target channel to be switched according to a received channel switching instruction; acquiring a prestored M3U8 file corresponding to a target channel through a network, and acquiring and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file; locking a corresponding frequency point according to a target channel, and acquiring a digital transmission stream corresponding to the frequency point; analyzing audio and video data streams from the digital transmission stream; after the content of a period of time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the audio and video data stream of the corresponding time point is played. The method and the device have the advantages that the channel switching speed is improved by combining the network channel with the broadcasting channel, namely, when a user switches channels, the M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel is obtained through the network, TS data corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file is directly obtained, the TS data is sent to a decoder to be played, and the frequency locking time is saved; meanwhile, according to a normal digital television channel switching process, the frequency point corresponding to the target channel is locked, the corresponding digital transmission stream in the frequency point is obtained, after network data of preset time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the corresponding Cable data in the digital transmission stream is played according to time point skipping, so that the purpose of quickly switching channels can be achieved. That is to say, when the user switches channels, the television firstly plays the network data through the network channel, so that the user can see the programs of the switched channels without waiting, the channels are switched to the broadcasting and television channel after a certain time, the cable normal playing flow is carried out, the channel switching time felt by people is short, lag and pause are avoided, and the experience of the user can be improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scenario provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for fast switching digital tv channels according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of S200 in the method for fast switching digital television channels according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a detailed flowchart of S500 in the method for fast switching digital television channels according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a media playing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scene according to an embodiment of the present invention, where fig. 1 includes a television 101 and a set-top box 102, the television 101 and the set-top box 102 may be connected in a wired or wireless manner, and the set-top box 102 is configured to transmit network resources and wired resources to the television 101, so that a user may browse a web page or watch a web television or watch a live program through the television 101. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scene of the present invention, and specific types and corresponding relationships of the set-top box 102 and the television 101 are not limited to the specific form disclosed in fig. 1.
At present, in the field of digital television, the most widely applied product is a DVB + OTT-like product with a bidirectional function, namely, the integration of three networks (a telecommunication network, a cable television network and a computer network) of broadcasting and television, and the DVB data is demodulated by tuner, and bidirectional data is transmitted by network cable, EOC or CM and the like. When the user carries out the stage cutting, the stage cutting process needs to pass through: tuner frequency locking, demux analysis, CA descrambling, decode and other processes are finally played. However, the frequency locking and parsing process is the most time-consuming, and usually is greater than 1s, and the processes of key value transmission, page display and refreshing and the like are added, and finally the whole channel switching time is long.
Optimizing the channel switching time becomes a large index of NPS (Net Promoter Score, Net recommended value), and many schemes have been generated for years, such as: (1) when the user continuously presses the channel of the remote controller to add or subtract the key, the television terminal does not respond to the channel switching instruction corresponding to the continuously pressed key in the middle and only responds to the channel switching instruction corresponding to the key lifted, but the method cannot solve the problem of normal channel switching, namely the channel switching time is not shortened; (2) setting an algorithm to lock frequency in advance according to a moving track, namely, channels on a television are arranged according to a certain sequence, such as CCTV1, CCTV2, CCTV3 and the like, the user watches the CCTV2 channel at present, and can switch to CCTV1 or CCTV2 according to the moving track, so that the CCTV1 or CCTV2 is locked in advance, the frequency locking time is saved when the user switches to the channel, the channel cutting time can be shortened, but the method at least needs double tuner support; (3) the FCC technology similar to IPTV is introduced, namely, an FCC server is introduced into the existing DVB system architecture, a unicast transmission stream is rapidly transmitted to user equipment by utilizing a unicast auxiliary broadcasting mode of the FCC server, and the TS stream and the RTP stream are synchronized by comparing PTS values of the TS streams on both sides of DVB and FCC, so that the channel switching time is shortened.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for fast switching of digital television channels, where a network channel and a radio and television channel are combined to improve a channel switching speed, and when a user switches channels, the television firstly plays network data through the network channel, so that the user can see programs of the switched channels without waiting, and switches to the radio and television channel after a certain time, and walks a cable normal playing flow.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for fast switching a digital television channel according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method for fast switching channels of a digital television according to the embodiment of the present application includes:
s100: and determining a target channel to be switched according to the received channel switching instruction.
The user can trigger the channel switching instruction through a remote controller of the set-top box and can also trigger the channel switching instruction through keys on the set-top box. For example, the currently played channel of the tv is CCTV1, and the next channel of the CCTV1 in the channel list stored in the tv is CCTV2, when the user clicks the "channel +" button of the remote controller, it is determined that the target channel to be switched by the user is CCTV 2.
S200: and acquiring a prestored M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel through a network, and acquiring and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file.
In order to acquire network data, the existing media playing system of the radio and television can be utilized, the audio and video data streams of all channels on the television are slightly modified and prestored, the terminal can acquire the audio and video data stream corresponding to a target channel in an on-demand mode, and when the terminal receives a channel switching instruction, the audio and video data stream corresponding to the current time is directly acquired through the network to be played. If the user wants to switch to the CCTV2 channel, the audio and video data stream of the CCTV2 channel at the current time is acquired and played through the network, and the network video can be seen after the channel switching key is pressed, so that the user does not need to wait.
The specific method for passing through the network video program corresponding to the target channel is shown in fig. 3:
s201: the M3U8 file for all channels on the tv is pre-stored, and the M3U8 file includes a channel index.
The existing media playing system of the radio and television is utilized to pre-store M3U8 files of all channels on the television, for example, 200 channels are included on the television, audio and video transmission streams corresponding to each time point of each channel are pre-stored, M3U8 files are generated at the same time, and the audio and video transmission streams of the channel can be found according to the M3U8 files of each channel.
When the audio/video transport stream of each channel is pre-stored, the audio data and the video data need to be compressed and encapsulated to form a TS packet. The audio data compression format adopts mp3, mp2 or ACC standard, the video data compression format adopts H.264 or Mpeg2 standard, and the audio and video data packaging format conforms to Mpeg2-ts packaging.
When the M3U8 index file is generated to identify each channel, a channel index file containing only 1 frame, such as channel number iframe.m3u8, may be generated at the same time.
S202: and when the channel is switched, acquiring a play list of the television through the network.
S203: and acquiring a channel index corresponding to the target channel from the playlist so as to obtain a corresponding pre-stored M3U8 file.
When a user switches channels, the terminal firstly accesses an index server of the distributed on-demand system in an HTTP mode to obtain the playlist, searches channel indexes in the playlist to obtain channel indexes corresponding to target channels, and if the user switches to a channel CCTV2, finds out a CCTV2 channel index in the playlist.
After finding the channel index corresponding to the target channel, according to the channel index, finding the M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel.
S204: and (4) slicing the audio and video contents prestored in the M3U8 file.
After the audio and video transmission stream of each channel is pre-stored, the pre-stored whole audio and video data stream can be divided into small files based on HTTP to download according to HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, Streaming media network transmission protocol based on HTTP), that is, the audio and video content is fragmented.
Before audio and video content is sliced, the content is required to be verified to be in accordance with mpeg2-ts encapsulation, the video part is compressed by H.264, the audio part is in accordance with ACC standard, and the content slicing processing is carried out on the verified content.
When the audio and video content is divided into small fragments, the audio and video content can be directly played without analysis, and if the audio and video content is not divided into small fragments, the whole audio and video data stream needs to be analyzed, and certain time is needed for analysis. In this example, the audio/video playing time of each content segment is 5s, that is, one segment is performed every 5 s.
S205: the content clips are sorted by playing time.
After the audio and video content is divided into small fragments, the content fragments need to be sequenced from small to large according to the playing time, so that the disorder during playing is avoided.
S206: and obtaining the content fragment corresponding to the current time.
S207: and injecting the corresponding content fragment into a decoder through a network for playing.
And acquiring the current time, and acquiring the content fragment corresponding to the current time in all the content fragments of the target channel. After the content fragment corresponding to the current time is obtained, the content fragment is downloaded from a video server, the content fragment is injected into a decoder through a network to realize playing, and currentTime of the current playing time is recorded. And if the current time is 15:30:00, injecting the content fragments corresponding to 15:30:00 into a decoder through a network for playing, and simultaneously recording the currentTime of the current playing time as 15:30: 00.
S300: and locking the corresponding frequency point according to the target channel, and acquiring the digital transport stream corresponding to the frequency point.
S400: and analyzing the audio-video data stream from the digital transmission stream.
When the content fragment corresponding to the target channel at the current time is played through the network, the terminal locks the corresponding frequency point through the input channel number in the period. In the system, the channel number and the frequency point are corresponding, and the channel number is obtained, namely the corresponding frequency point can be obtained.
Program audio and video of five or six channels may be stored in one frequency point, and after the frequency point corresponding to the channel number is obtained, a digital transport stream corresponding to the channel number needs to be extracted from the program audio and video of the frequency point. Specifically, demux acquires a composite TS packet corresponding to a channel number from a program audio/video of a frequency point in a recording manner.
In order to realize the network data playing of 5S, the TS data recorded in 5S is wholly cached in a memory, then the cached TS data is extracted, and audio and video information is obtained by analyzing the TS data, wherein the audio and video information comprises audio data, video data, audio types, video types and synchronization information.
S500: after the content of a period of time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the audio and video data stream of the corresponding time point is played.
During the network data playing period, the terminal completes the frequency locking and analyzing processes by pre-switching the channel number, and obtains the audio and video data corresponding to the target channel. When the downloaded 5s content fragment is played for a period of time, the terminal is informed to request the played video data (DVB data) from the corresponding time, and then the cable normal playing flow is started, thereby realizing the channel switching process. In this example, the playing time of the content segment may be preset, for example, 3s, 4s, or the like, and the terminal may be notified to play the DVB data from the corresponding time point after the 5s content of one content segment is completely played, that is, after the downloaded 5s content segment is completely played.
The specific method for converting network data playing into DVB data playing is shown in fig. 4:
s501: and switching the network channel to the wide electric channel after the audio and video content in the content sub-slice is played for a period of time.
S502: and updating the video playing time of the broadcasting channel according to the synchronous information, wherein the video playing time is the sum of the content fragment starting playing time and the playing time duration.
S503: and starting to play the audio-video data stream from the video playing time.
When a 5s content fragment is played for a period of time, the terminal is informed to switch from the network channel to the broadcast channel, and since the played content fragment is the program video of the target channel, in order to avoid the repetition of the playing content and the content fragment of the DVB data, the playing needs to be started from a certain time of the DVB data of the broadcast and television channel.
Taking the case that the 5s content of one content fragment is completely played, the content fragment starting playing time is currentTime, the playing duration of one content fragment is 5s, the terminal is notified to start playing from currentTime +6 of the DVB data, if the content fragment starting playing time currentTime is 15:30:00, and after the content fragment playing of 5s is completed, the terminal starts playing the DVB data from 15:30: 06. Therefore, after the channel is switched, the network data is played for 5s at first, then the DVB data is jumped to for playing, and the playing of the network data and the DVB data is seamlessly connected, so that the channel switching time is shortened from the user perception.
The method for quickly switching the digital television channels is applied to a media playing system, the existing media playing system of the radio and television is slightly modified, M3U8 files of all channels are prestored, and the M3U8 file comprises a 1-frame channel index; specifically, as shown in fig. 5, in an actual project, a "media resource system" and a "real-time program source" are main content sources, and these contents are verified by a "preprocessing system" that the contents conform to mpeg2-ts encapsulation, a video portion conforms to h.264 compression, and an audio portion conforms to the ACC standard, and through content slicing processing of the verified contents, a content index is established, a playlist is generated, and the contents are distributed by a "distributed on-demand" system.
When a user switches channels, a terminal firstly accesses an index server of a distributed on-demand system in an HTTP mode to obtain a playlist, obtains a channel index corresponding to a target channel from the playlist, obtains a corresponding M3U8 file according to the channel index, obtains audio and video content of the target channel according to the M3U8 file, obtains a content fragment corresponding to the current time, downloads the corresponding content fragment from a video server, and injects the content fragment into a decoder through a network to realize playing. During the period, the terminal locks the corresponding frequency point through the input channel number, demux acquires the composite TS Packet in a recording mode, and analyzes the corresponding audio and video data, audio and video type, PID (Packet Identifier), PCR (Program Clock reference), and other data. After the content fragments are played for a period of time, the terminal is informed to switch from a network channel to a radio channel, the audio and video data are played from the corresponding time point of the analyzed audio and video data, and then a cable normal playing flow is carried out.
To sum up, the method for fast switching digital television channels provided by the present application improves the channel switching speed by combining the network channel and the radio and television channel, that is, when a user switches channels, firstly, the M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel is obtained through the network, the TS data corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file is directly obtained, and the TS data is sent to the decoder for playing, so that the frequency locking time is saved; meanwhile, according to a normal digital television channel switching process, the frequency point corresponding to the target channel is locked, the corresponding digital transmission stream in the frequency point is obtained, after network data of preset time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the corresponding Cable data in the digital transmission stream is played according to time point skipping, so that the purpose of quickly switching channels can be achieved. That is to say, when the user switches channels, the television firstly plays the network data, so that the user can see the programs of the switched channels without waiting for a certain time, the channels are switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the cable normal playing flow is carried out, so that the channel switching time felt by people is short, lag and pause are avoided, and the experience of the user is improved.
Corresponding to the above method for fast switching digital television channels, an embodiment of the present application further provides a device for fast switching digital television channels, where the device for fast switching digital television channels may include: the processor and the memory are used for storing program codes, namely software codes for fast switching channels; the processor is used for reading the program codes stored in the memory and executing the software codes for quickly switching channels so as to improve the channel switching speed of the digital television and improve the user experience. The processor reads the software code for quickly switching the channels, the software code is acted on the terminal, and the terminal executes the digital television channel quick switching device according to the software code so as to improve the channel switching speed without delay and pause, thereby improving the experience of users.
When the execution instructions in the memory are executed by the processor, the digital television channel fast switching device can execute the following steps: determining a target channel to be switched according to a received channel switching instruction; acquiring a prestored M3U8 file corresponding to a target channel through a network, and acquiring and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file; locking a corresponding frequency point according to a target channel, and acquiring a digital transmission stream corresponding to the frequency point; analyzing audio and video data streams from the digital transmission stream; after the content of a period of time is played, the network channel is switched to the broadcasting and television channel, and the audio and video data stream of the corresponding time point is played. Namely, the channel switching speed is improved by adopting a mode of combining a network channel and a broadcast and television channel.
Based on the above digital television channel fast switching device, the embodiment of the application further provides a terminal, the terminal comprises the digital television channel fast switching device of the embodiment, when the terminal switches channels, the terminal plays audio and video data in a mode of combining a network channel and a radio and television channel, the channel switching time is shortened, and the channel switching speed is improved.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a circuit structure, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such circuit structure, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of an element identified by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a circuit structure, article or device comprising the element.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
The above-described embodiments of the present application do not limit the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A method for fast switching of digital television channels, the method comprising:
determining a target channel to be switched according to a received channel switching instruction;
obtaining a pre-stored M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel through a network, and obtaining and playing a content fragment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file;
locking a corresponding frequency point according to the target channel, and acquiring a digital transport stream corresponding to the frequency point;
analyzing audio and video data streams from the digital transmission stream;
and after the content fragments are played for a period of time, switching the content fragments to a broadcasting channel by a network channel, and playing the audio and video data streams at corresponding time points.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the pre-stored M3U8 file corresponding to the target channel via the network comprises:
pre-storing M3U8 files of all channels on a television, wherein the M3U8 file comprises a channel index;
when switching channels, acquiring a play list of a television through a network;
and acquiring a channel index corresponding to the target channel from the playlist so as to obtain a corresponding pre-stored M3U8 file.
3. The method for fast switching between digital television channels according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining and playing the content segment corresponding to the current time in the M3U8 file comprises:
segmenting audio and video contents prestored in the M3U8 file;
sorting the content fragments according to the playing time;
obtaining the content fragment corresponding to the current time;
and injecting the corresponding content fragments into a decoder through a network for playing.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the audio/video playing time of each content segment is 5 s.
5. The method for fast switching the digital television channels according to claim 1, wherein the step of locking the corresponding frequency point according to the target channel and obtaining the digital transport stream corresponding to the frequency point comprises the steps of:
locking a corresponding frequency point according to the channel number of the target channel;
acquiring a digital transmission stream corresponding to the channel number in the frequency point by adopting a recording mode;
and buffering the digital transmission stream.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein parsing the audio-video data stream from the digital transport stream comprises:
extracting the cached digital transport stream;
and analyzing the digital transmission stream to obtain audio and video information, wherein the audio and video information comprises audio data, video data, audio types, video types and synchronization information.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step of switching from the network channel to the radio channel after playing the content segments for a period of time and playing the audio/video data stream at a corresponding time point comprises:
switching the network channel to a wide electric channel after the audio and video content in the content sub-slice is played for a period of time;
updating the video playing time of the broadcasting channel according to the synchronization information, wherein the video playing time is the sum of the content fragment starting playing time and the playing duration;
and starting to play the audio-video data stream from the video playing time.
8. A fast channel switching device for digital television, comprising:
a memory for storing program code;
a processor for reading the program code stored in the memory and executing the method according to any of claims 1-7.
9. A terminal comprising the digital television channel zapping device of claim 8.
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