CN113991938B - Cascade power generation system of single-phase switch reluctance generator and control method thereof - Google Patents

Cascade power generation system of single-phase switch reluctance generator and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113991938B
CN113991938B CN202111261543.5A CN202111261543A CN113991938B CN 113991938 B CN113991938 B CN 113991938B CN 202111261543 A CN202111261543 A CN 202111261543A CN 113991938 B CN113991938 B CN 113991938B
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current
power generation
power
switched reluctance
phase
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CN113991938A (en
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王千龙
周飞
李新亮
蒋伟
于照
靳宏
李敏艳
陈云云
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Yangzhou University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003Couplings; Details of shafts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/40Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of reluctance of magnetic circuit of generator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-phase switch reluctance generator cascade power generation system in the off-grid power generation technical field, which comprises: the single-phase switched reluctance generators are cascaded together and staggered by a certain angle; the power converter is connected with the plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators, a control circuit matched with the number of the single-phase switched reluctance generators is built in, and each phase control circuit comprises a power switch tube and a freewheel diode and is used for controlling excitation and power generation of the single-phase switched reluctance generators; the DSP controller is connected with the power converter and the single-phase switch reluctance generator and is used for collecting corresponding voltage and current signals and outputting driving signals to the driving circuit for controlling the power converter to work.

Description

Cascade power generation system of single-phase switch reluctance generator and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of off-grid power generation, in particular to a power generation system of a generator.
Background
In off-grid power generation systems with storage battery energy storage structures such as wind power generation, fuel oil power generation and range extenders for new energy automobiles, most of the off-grid power generation systems use a single generator for power generation, and under high power conditions, the single-machine capacity of the power generation system is large and the universality is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a single-phase switch reluctance generator cascade power generation system, improves the universality of an off-grid power generation system with a storage battery, and reduces the single-machine capacity of a high-power generation system.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a single phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system comprising:
the single-phase switched reluctance generators are cascaded together and staggered by a certain angle;
the power converter is connected with the plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators, a control circuit matched with the number of the single-phase switched reluctance generators is built in, and each phase control circuit comprises a power switch tube and a freewheel diode and is used for controlling excitation and power generation of the single-phase switched reluctance generators;
and the DSP controller is connected with the power converter and the single-phase switch reluctance generator and used for collecting corresponding voltage and current signals and outputting driving signals to the driving circuit for controlling the power converter to work.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the cascade offset angle of the plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators and the number of motor cascades are in the relation of =T/mWhereinTIs the periodic angle of the motor rotor,mis the number of the cascade motors.
As a further limitation of the present invention, each phase of the control circuit includes a power switch tube and a freewheeling diode, the drain electrode of the switch tube is connected with the anode of the freewheeling diode and one end of the motor winding, the source electrode of the switch tube is connected with the cathode of the main circuit, and the cathode of the freewheeling diode is connected in parallel with the cathodes of the freewheeling diodes of other motors to serve as the output end.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the method for controlling the power converter by the DSP controller specifically includes:
judging the output current of the motor winding, if the output current is lower than the set threshold value, closing a switching tube in the main circuit, under the action of an exciting power supply, rising the current of the motor winding, and when the current exceeds the set threshold value, opening the switching tube
A control method of a single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system comprises the following steps:
step 1) detecting the winding current of each generator;
step 2) controlling the power converter to work through the DSP controller, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1) outputting upper and lower double thresholds of motor winding current chopper according to a required power generation voltage given value and an actual output voltage value, when a switching tube is closed, the motor winding current gradually rises under the excitation of a power supply voltage, and when the current exceeds a set upper threshold, a DSP controls the turn-off of a power converter by outputting a driving signal, and the switching tube is turned off;
step 2-2) after the switching tube is disconnected, in a non-power-generation area, the current of a motor winding is reduced, and if the current of a winding of the switched reluctance generator is lower than a set chopping lower threshold value, the DSP controls the turn-on of the power converter by outputting a driving signal; in the power generation area, when the power switch tube is in an off state, the power generator can continuously rise current through counter electromotive force, namely, the power generation working state is realized, when the motor leaves the power generation area, the current of the motor can rapidly drop, and when the current is lower than a set lower threshold value, the switch tube is closed again, and the control is in a periodic state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators are selected to be coaxially cascaded, so that the single-machine capacity is reduced; the total capacity of the generator set can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of motors of the cascade switch reluctance generator, and the number of the cascaded motor phases is not limited to a single phase, so that the spare motor capacity is reduced;
2. each motor works independently, one motor fails, and other motors normally operate, so that the reliability is high;
3. stagger angle when coaxial cascade of every motorθThe power generation voltage and current pulsation can be reduced;
4. the power converter adopts a novel structure, only one power switch tube and one freewheel diode are needed for each phase, and the cost of the power generation system is low; the main circuit is provided with a modularized structure, and the operation of increasing and decreasing the generators is simple;
5. the universality of the off-grid power generation system with the storage battery is improved, and the single-machine capacity of the high-power generation system is reduced; the total power generation capacity can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the generators according to actual power requirements, the power generation voltage is flexible and changeable, and the voltage closed-loop control can be realized by adjusting excitation without an additional hardware voltage stabilizing device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial series connection of a cascade power generation system of a single phase switched reluctance generator used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an optimized block diagram of a single phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single phase switched reluctance generator cascade power converter topology for use in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a prototype test platform of a single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the current waveforms generated by a single phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system used in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
A single phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system as shown in fig. 1 comprising:
multiple single-phase switch reluctance generators, wherein rotors of two generators are cascaded through a coupler to be staggered by a certain angleWhereinTIs the periodic angle of the motor rotor,mthe number of motors; in the embodiment, two single-phase 6/6 switched reluctance generators are cascaded, so that motor rotors are staggered +.>The rotating shafts of the two single-phase switched reluctance generators are connected with a prime motor, and the power output of the prime motor is carried out to simulate the power given by the engine to drag the two single-phase switched reluctance generators to work;
the power converter is connected to the switched reluctance generator and is used for controlling the switched reluctance generator to work and outputting electric energy to a load or a storage battery, and a novel topological structure is selected, as shown in fig. 3, each motor only needs one power switch tube and one freewheel diode, and one motor is taken as an example and comprises one power switch tube S1 and one freewheel diode D1, the drain electrode of the switch tube S1 is connected with the anode of the freewheel diode D1 and one end of a motor winding, the other end of the motor winding is connected with the anode of a main circuit as an output terminal, the source electrode of the switch tube S1 is connected with the cathode of the main circuit, and the cathodes of the freewheel diodes D1 and the cathodes of the freewheel diodes of other motors are connected in parallel and then used as output terminals; the main circuit adopts a modularized structure, in order to increase the number of motor cascading, motor access nodes are reserved in topology,wherein K0, K1 and K2 are public nodes, and the number of phases of the subsequent cascade motor is not limited to a single phase; add the firstnOne end of the motor winding is connected with the common connection point K0, and the other end is connected with the switch tube SnDrain electrode connection, switch tube SnThe source electrode is connected with the common connection point K1 of the negative electrode of the main circuit, and the cathode electrode of the follow current diode Dn is connected with the common connection point K2;
the DSP controller is connected with the power converter, acquires corresponding voltage and current signals through the voltage and current sensors, outputs driving signals to the driving circuit to control the power converter to work, and the method for controlling the power converter to work by the DSP controller specifically comprises the following steps:
taking a motor A as an example, judging the output current of a motor A winding, if the output current is lower than a set threshold value, closing a switching tube S1 in a main circuit, increasing the current of the motor winding under the action of an excitation power supply, and when the current exceeds the set threshold value, opening the switching tube S1; detecting the current of a motor winding in real time, judging the relation between the current and the threshold value, and controlling the switching-on and switching-off of a switching tube; the effective power generation of the motor is realized by utilizing counter electromotive force generated by a phase winding inductance descending region of the switched reluctance generator; the other motors are controlled in the same way as motor a.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the difference from embodiment 1 is only that two generators are integrated together, the two generators can be removed from the coupling, and the two generators are machined in one housing with one shaft.
In order to intuitively embody the cascade power generation of a plurality of switched reluctance generators and optimize the related parameters of the cascade power generation of the switched reluctance generators, the experiment adopts a coupling transmission scheme of the plurality of switched reluctance generators, so that the space of the whole system is increased. Subsequently, in order to reduce the space waste and expand the advantages of the system, a plurality of switch reluctance generators are arranged in the same shell. Fig. 2 shows an optimized structure of a single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade generator.
Example 3
A control method of a single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system comprises the following steps:
step 1) detecting the winding current of each generator;
step 2) controlling the power converter to work through the DSP controller, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1) outputting upper and lower double thresholds of motor winding current chopper according to a required power generation voltage given value and an actual output voltage value, when a switching tube is closed, the motor winding current gradually rises under the excitation of a power supply voltage, and when the current exceeds a set upper threshold, a DSP controls the turn-off of a power converter by outputting a driving signal, and the switching tube is turned off;
step 2-2) after the switching tube is disconnected, in a non-power-generation area, the current of a motor winding is reduced, and if the current of a winding of the switched reluctance generator is lower than a set chopping lower threshold value, the DSP controls the turn-on of the power converter by outputting a driving signal; in the power generation area, when the power switch tube is in an off state, the power generator can continuously rise current through counter electromotive force, namely, the power generation working state is realized, when the motor leaves the power generation area, the current of the motor can rapidly drop, and when the current is lower than a set lower threshold value, the switch tube is closed again, and the control is in a periodic state.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to verify the effectiveness of the control method provided by the invention, a prototype test platform and a control platform are built, and two single-phase switched reluctance generators are coaxially connected in series; the digital signal processor selects DSP TMS320F28335, and the driving circuit uses driving optocoupler HCPL-3120 as driving chip.
The generated current of each switched reluctance generator is detected by an LEM current sensor, the waveform of which is shown in fig. 5. Fig. 5 shows current waveforms generated by the single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade generator under different speed sections and different exciting voltages, and as can be seen from fig. 5, by staggering angles, the single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade generator can reduce the pulsation of the generated current under different speed sections and different exciting voltages, thereby being beneficial to the charging of the storage battery.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (4)

1. A single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system comprising:
the single-phase switched reluctance generators are cascaded together and staggered by a certain angle theta;
the power converter is connected with the plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators, a control circuit matched with the number of the single-phase switched reluctance generators is built in, and each phase control circuit comprises a power switch tube and a freewheel diode and is used for controlling excitation and power generation of the single-phase switched reluctance generators;
the DSP controller is connected with the power converter and the single-phase switch reluctance generator and is used for collecting corresponding voltage and current signals and outputting driving signals to the driving circuit for controlling the power converter to work, and the method for controlling the power converter to work by the DSP controller specifically comprises the following steps:
judging the output current of the motor winding, if the output current is lower than a set threshold value, closing a switching tube in a main circuit, and under the action of an exciting power supply, the current of the motor winding rises, and when the current exceeds the set threshold value, opening the switching tube, specifically:
step 1) detecting the winding current of each generator;
step 2) controlling the power converter to work through the DSP controller, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1) outputting upper and lower double thresholds of motor winding current chopper according to a required power generation voltage given value and an actual output voltage value, when a switching tube is closed, the motor winding current gradually rises under the excitation of a power supply voltage, and when the current exceeds a set upper threshold, a DSP controls the turn-off of a power converter by outputting a driving signal, and the switching tube is turned off;
step 2-2) after the switching tube is disconnected, in a non-power-generation area, the current of a motor winding is reduced, and if the current of a winding of the switched reluctance generator is lower than a set chopping lower threshold value, the DSP controls the turn-on of the power converter by outputting a driving signal; in the power generation area, when the power switch tube is in an off state, the power generator can continuously rise current through counter electromotive force, namely, the power generation working state is realized, when the motor leaves the power generation area, the current of the motor can rapidly drop, and when the current is lower than a set lower threshold value, the switch tube is closed again, and the control is in a periodic state.
2. The single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the cascade offset angle θ of the plurality of single-phase switched reluctance generators is related to the number of motor cascades by θ=T/mWhereinTIs the periodic angle of the motor rotor,mis the number of the cascade motors.
3. The single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system according to claim 1, wherein each phase of the control circuit comprises a power switch tube and a freewheeling diode, the drain electrode of the switch tube is connected with the anode of the freewheeling diode and one end of the motor winding, the source electrode of the switch tube is connected with the cathode of the main circuit, and the cathode of the freewheeling diode is connected in parallel with the cathodes of the freewheeling diodes of other motors to serve as the output end.
4. A control method of a single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system using the single-phase switched reluctance generator cascade power generation system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1) detecting the winding current of each generator;
step 2) controlling the power converter to work through the DSP controller, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1) outputting upper and lower double thresholds of motor winding current chopper according to a required power generation voltage given value and an actual output voltage value, when a switching tube is closed, the motor winding current gradually rises under the excitation of a power supply voltage, and when the current exceeds a set upper threshold, a DSP controls the turn-off of a power converter by outputting a driving signal, and the switching tube is turned off;
step 2-2) after the switching tube is disconnected, in a non-power-generation area, the current of a motor winding is reduced, and if the current of a winding of the switched reluctance generator is lower than a set chopping lower threshold value, the DSP controls the turn-on of the power converter by outputting a driving signal; in the power generation area, when the power switch tube is in an off state, the power generator can continuously rise current through counter electromotive force, namely, the power generation working state is realized, when the motor leaves the power generation area, the current of the motor can rapidly drop, and when the current is lower than a set lower threshold value, the switch tube is closed again, and the control is in a periodic state.
CN202111261543.5A 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Cascade power generation system of single-phase switch reluctance generator and control method thereof Active CN113991938B (en)

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