CN113989346A - Real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by pneumatic down-the-hole drill - Google Patents
Real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by pneumatic down-the-hole drill Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time analysis method for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill, which is used for detecting the weight M of the unit transmission length of rock debris discharged from an orifice and uniformly scattered on a conveyor belt in real time; shooting optical axes of the lenses are positioned on the same shooting section, shooting the same shooting area on the conveyor belt at different angles, and collecting rock debris on the conveyor belt to obtain an image of the rock debris; establishing a three-dimensional model containing a geometric form model and a surface color image according to the shot image to the rock debris on the conveyor belt; calculating the stacking density and identifying the granularity and the type of the rock debris. The method gives play to the advantages of the down-the-hole drill, has high acquisition speed, easy popularization, capability of qualitative analysis and acquisition result digitization, can be seamlessly connected with other software, provides a brand new thought and a feasible method for the field of drill hole rock debris property analysis, and solves the defect that the traditional method cannot give consideration to both accuracy and analysis efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of drill hole rock debris property analysis, and particularly relates to a real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill.
Background
With the development of science and technology, drilling work has more and more tasks in the fields of geotechnical engineering investigation and construction. The current drilling machines for geological forecasting are mainly divided into two types, namely a coring drilling machine and a multifunctional drilling machine. The core drilling machine continuously obtains stratum rock cores and directly obtains the types and the compositions of stratum rock and soil bodies through circularly reciprocating drill lifting and drilling, the forecasting accuracy is high, but the process is complicated, the drilling efficiency is low due to repeated drill lifting, particularly, cores can not be taken on soft bedding surfaces, only can be guessed according to the field conditions and expert experience, and the core drilling machine is not suitable for the requirement of modern construction on the construction period. The multifunctional drilling machine is a drilling machine which carries various sensors and can record working data of the drilling machine in real time, generally takes a full-section non-coring drilling machine as a main part, judges the confining pressure condition of a measurement area through data analysis, is widely popularized at present, but cannot obtain stratum rock and soil body samples like a coring drill, can only carry out qualitative analysis on the hardness degree of surrounding rocks, the integrity of rock and soil bodies, the distribution positions of faults and holes and the like, and cannot directly carry out quantitative description on the type composition of the rock and soil bodies.
The pneumatic down-the-hole drill has the characteristics of high rock breaking efficiency, high drilling speed and wide application range, is widely applied to geotechnical engineering, but also has the defects of incapability of coring and large vibration during operation. If install the sensor additional on the rig, the broken rock of impact leads to the data discreteness of gathering great, and later stage data processing work load is big. The pneumatic down-the-hole drill relies on high-pressure gas to do work to the drill bit and constantly impact the rock mass to realize rock breaking, and high-pressure gas blows up the bottom rock cuttings of hole and discharges from the drill way simultaneously, can play the effect of clear hole. At present, a real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill is urgently needed, the removed rock debris is analyzed by the method, stratum information contained in the rock debris is excavated, finally, accurate geological prediction without coring can be realized, and the design and construction of geotechnical engineering are facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a real-time analysis method for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill, which gives play to the advantage of quick operation of the pneumatic down-the-hole drill and simultaneously gives consideration to the same accuracy rate as the construction of a core drill.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a real-time analysis method for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting the weight M of the unit transmission length of rock debris discharged from an orifice and uniformly scattered on a conveyor belt in real time;
step 2, shooting optical axes of all lenses are located on the same shooting section, the shooting section is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying belt, all lenses of the array type image acquisition module shoot the same shooting area on the conveying belt at different angles on the shooting section, and rock debris on the conveying belt is acquired to obtain an image of the rock debris;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model containing a geometric form model and a surface color image for the rock debris on the conveyor belt by using the shot image;
and 4, obtaining the volume V of the unit transmission length of the rock debris by the geometric form model of the three-dimensional model, obtaining the stacking density rho by combining with the weight M of the unit transmission length of the rock debris, obtaining the granularity of the rock debris by combining with the geometric form model, and obtaining the type of the rock debris by combining with the color information.
Step 1 as described above comprises the steps of:
and a conveyor belt is arranged in the rock debris falling area, the rock debris is transferred outwards by the conveyor belt, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt keeps a direct proportional relation with the drilling speed of the drilling machine, and the weight M of the unit conveying length of the rock debris is measured by an electronic conveyor belt weighing device.
In step 1 as described above, the conveyor belt speed is controlled so that the thickness of the rock debris mixture on the conveyor belt is not higher than 3 times the maximum particle size of the rock debris and not lower than the minimum accuracy of image recognition or 1 time the maximum particle size of the rock debris.
The photographing overlap ratio in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt in step 2 as described above is controlled by the photographing frequency of the lens, and the photographing overlap ratio of the lens in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is more than 70%.
In step 2 as described above, the position coordinates of the lens in the three-dimensional coordinate system are added to the attributes of the image.
In step 3, when the conveyor belt is started, the spatial position of the rock debris in the first captured image is the origin, the x-coordinate of the spatial position of the rock debris corresponding to the later captured image of the rock debris is 0+ vt, v is the speed of the conveyor belt, and t is the time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method gives play to the advantages of the down-the-hole drill, has high acquisition speed, easy popularization, capability of qualitative analysis and acquisition result digitization, can be seamlessly connected with other software, provides a brand new thought and a feasible method for the field of drill hole rock debris property analysis, and solves the defect that the traditional method cannot give consideration to both accuracy and analysis efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is to be understood that the present invention has been described in the illustrative embodiments and is not to be construed as limited thereto.
A real-time analysis method for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (5) conveying and weighing. The method comprises the following steps of detecting the weight M of the unit transmission length of rock debris discharged from an orifice and uniformly scattered on a conveyor belt in real time, and specifically comprises the following steps:
during the drilling process of the pneumatic down-the-hole drill, rock debris is continuously discharged from the orifice. The rock debris falling area is provided with a conveyor belt, and the rock debris is transferred outwards by the conveyor belt. The conveying speed of the conveying belt is adjustable, and is always in direct proportion to the drilling speed of the drilling machine, and the weight M of the unit conveying length of the rock debris is measured by the electronic conveying belt weighing device with dynamic weighing. When the pneumatic down-the-hole drill works, the drilling speed is high, the deslagging speed is high when the air pressure is high, and the conveying speed is also increased at the moment, so that the rock debris is uniformly spread on the conveying belt. The conveying speed and the drilling speed are kept at the same speed, on one hand, a large amount of rock debris is not accumulated on the conveying belt, on the other hand, the rock debris analysis result which can be ensured can correspond to the drilling depth, namely, the unit conveying distance corresponds to the unit drilling depth. The speed of the conveyor belt can be determined according to the modeling precision and the particle size of particles, and the thickness of a rock debris mixture on the conveyor belt is not higher than 3 times of the maximum particle size of rock debris and not lower than the minimum precision of image recognition or 1 time of the maximum particle size of the rock debris.
Step 2: and (4) image scanning. The method comprises the steps that an array type image acquisition module is composed of a plurality of high-definition high-speed lenses, the shooting optical axes of the lenses of the array type image acquisition module are located on the same shooting section, the shooting section is perpendicular to the conveying direction of a conveying belt, the lenses of the array type image acquisition module shoot the same shooting area on the conveying belt at different angles on the shooting section, the information of the surface of a rock debris mixture on the conveying belt is collected, images of rock debris are obtained, the shooting overlapping rate in the conveying direction of the conveying belt is controlled through the shooting frequency of the lenses, the shooting overlapping rate of the lenses in the conveying direction of the conveying belt is larger than 70%, in the embodiment, the included angle between the shooting section and a vertical line perpendicular to the conveying belt is 0 degree, clockwise is positive, anticlockwise is negative, at least three lenses focused on the conveying belt are arranged on the same shooting section, and the shooting angles are-45 degrees respectively, 0 degrees and 45 degrees. Three-dimensional modeling can only be realized by using images of the same object at different shooting angles.
And establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system, determining the position coordinate of each lens on the three-dimensional coordinate system, and adding the position coordinate of each lens on the three-dimensional coordinate system into the attribute of each image when each lens shoots the image. Preferably, the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is a positive direction of an x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the y-axis and the x-axis are positioned in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, and the z-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis and the y-axis.
The scanning information of the image comprises shape information and color information of the rock debris, and the shooting frequency is in direct proportion to the conveying speed, namely the higher the conveying speed is, the higher the shooting frequency is.
And step 3: and (5) modeling the surface. Establishing a three-dimensional model containing a geometric form model and a surface color image for the rock debris on the conveyor belt by using the shot image, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
and (3) importing the image obtained in the step (2) into Context Capture software, wherein the Context Capture software is the existing commercial software and can carry out three-dimensional modeling according to the image shot from multiple angles. Inputting information such as focal length, shooting height, overlapping rate, position coordinates of a lens on a three-dimensional coordinate system during image shooting and the like, acquiring a three-dimensional point cloud in software, recovering a geometric structure and drawing a scene, and performing image-based three-dimensional model reconstruction operation. The three-dimensional model includes a geometric form model reflecting geometric form information and a surface color image reflecting surface color information.
It is noted that the acquired image should contain spatial position information. The position coordinates of the lens on the three-dimensional coordinate system keep relatively static with the ground, the conveyor belt continuously conveys, and the space position coordinates of the rock debris of each image change along with time. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and if the conveying direction of the conveying belt is taken as the positive direction of the x axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the moving speed of the conveying belt is v, and the lens finishes image acquisition at intervals of t. When the appointed conveying belt is started, the space position of the rock debris of the image shot for the first time is the original point, and the x coordinate of the space position of the rock debris of the image collected at the moment is 0. When the image of the rock debris is collected for the second time, the conveyor belt moves forwards by a distance vt, and the x coordinate of the spatial position of the rock debris of the image collected at the moment is 0+ vt. The x coordinate of the spatial position of the rock debris of the third acquired image is 0+2vt, and so on. The x-coordinate of the spatial location of the rock debris for the nth acquired image is (n-1) vt. With the increase of the shooting times, the x coordinate of the space position corresponding to the rock debris of the image is continuously increased. Except the running direction of the conveyor belt, the lens does not generate relative displacement with the conveyor belt along other directions, so that the adjustment is not carried out.
And 4, step 4: and (5) information analysis. (1) And obtaining the volume V of the unit transmission length of the rock debris by the geometric form model of the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the bulk density rho by combining the weight M of the unit transmission length of the rock debris. (2) The method is characterized in that rock debris chroma partitions are obtained from surface color images of a three-dimensional model, and rock debris granularity and types are obtained by combining geometric form information, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the three-dimensional model includes a geometric shape model (white mold) and a surface color image (map).
The geometric shape model (white mould) is a geometric body with a three-dimensional space structure, the surface has no color information, and the shape of the rock debris accumulation body on the space can be shown. The size of the rock debris particles is referred to as "particle size" or "particle size," e.g., the rock debris particles are smaller and uniform when drilled into hard rock formations; when drilling in a soil layer, although single soil particles are more finely crushed than rock debris, soil blocks with larger particle sizes are easily formed due to mutual adhesion among the particles, and the shape of the soil blocks is approximate to a sphere. Different rock-soil mass debris spatially presents different morphologies.
Surface color images (maps) generally appear as two-dimensional pictures, and can show information such as material and composition of an object. For example, the limestone in nature generally has gray, gray black, yellow, light red, brown red and other colors, and the color of the rock in the same area is relatively uniform, according to geological survey, the limestone in the area is gray, and the surface color image of the limestone rock fragments in the area presents gray. Other kinds of rock are similar.
The three-dimensional model automatically attaches a surface color image (a map) to a geometric form model (a white model) by Context Capture software, judges the granularity and the type of the rock debris by combining form and color information, obtains the granularity of the rock debris by combining the geometric form model, and obtains the type of the rock debris by combining the color information. The basic rules for classifying the particle sizes of the rock debris particles are as follows: coarse grain structure, the particle diameter is larger than 5 mm; the medium particle structure is that the diameter of the particles is 5-1.0 mm; fine grain structure: the particle diameter is 1.0-0.1 mm; the particle structure is that the diameter of the particle is less than 0.1 mm.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) obtaining the volume V of the unit transmission length of the rock debris according to the geometric form model of the three-dimensional model established in the step (3), and obtaining the bulk density rho by combining the weight M of the unit transmission length of the rock debris obtained in the step (1). The important significance that the mass measurement and the volume modeling are both based on the running distance of the conveyor belt can be reflected.
And (4) partitioning the rock debris chromaticity according to the surface color image of the three-dimensional model established in the step (3), and combining the geometric form model to obtain the rock debris granularity and type composition. Different kinds of rocks and soil can present different colors and granularities, and qualitative analysis can be effectively carried out according to the three-dimensional model of the rock debris.
The invention measures the weight of the rock debris on the conveyor belt in real time, and the mass of the rock debris per unit conveying distance delta l is M.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, detecting the weight M of the unit transmission length of rock debris discharged from an orifice and uniformly scattered on a conveyor belt in real time;
step 2, shooting optical axes of all lenses are located on the same shooting section, the shooting section is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying belt, all lenses of the array type image acquisition module shoot the same shooting area on the conveying belt at different angles on the shooting section, and rock debris on the conveying belt is acquired to obtain an image of the rock debris;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional model containing a geometric form model and a surface color image for the rock debris on the conveyor belt by using the shot image;
and 4, obtaining the volume V of the unit transmission length of the rock debris by the geometric form model of the three-dimensional model, obtaining the stacking density rho by combining with the weight M of the unit transmission length of the rock debris, obtaining the granularity of the rock debris by combining with the geometric form model, and obtaining the type of the rock debris by combining with the color information.
2. The method for real-time analysis of discharged rock debris suitable for the pneumatic down-the-hole drill according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following steps:
and a conveyor belt is arranged in the rock debris falling area, the rock debris is transferred outwards by the conveyor belt, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt keeps a direct proportional relation with the drilling speed of the drilling machine, and the weight M of the unit conveying length of the rock debris is measured by an electronic conveyor belt weighing device.
3. The method for real-time analysis of rock debris discharged by a pneumatic down-the-hole drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the speed of the conveyor belt is controlled so that the thickness of the rock debris mixture on the conveyor belt is not higher than 3 times of the maximum particle size of the rock debris and not lower than the minimum accuracy of image recognition or 1 time of the maximum particle size of the rock debris.
4. The method for real-time analysis of discharged rock debris for a pneumatic down-the-hole drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photographing overlap rate of the lens in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt in the step 2 is controlled by the photographing frequency of the lens, and the photographing overlap rate of the lens in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is more than 70%.
5. The method for real-time analysis of discharged rock debris for the pneumatic down-the-hole drill according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the position coordinates of the lens in the three-dimensional coordinate system are added to the attributes of the image.
6. The method for real-time analysis of rock debris discharged from a pneumatic down-the-hole drill according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, when the conveyor belt is started, the spatial position of the rock debris of the first captured image is the origin, the x coordinate of the spatial position of the rock debris corresponding to the later captured image of the rock debris is 0+ vt, v is the speed of the conveyor belt, and t is time.
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| CN202111227976.9A CN113989346A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by pneumatic down-the-hole drill |
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| CN202111227976.9A CN113989346A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Real-time analysis method suitable for rock debris discharged by pneumatic down-the-hole drill |
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