CN113987625A - BIM-based construction worker positioning method - Google Patents
BIM-based construction worker positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113987625A CN113987625A CN202111151745.4A CN202111151745A CN113987625A CN 113987625 A CN113987625 A CN 113987625A CN 202111151745 A CN202111151745 A CN 202111151745A CN 113987625 A CN113987625 A CN 113987625A
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- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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Abstract
A BIM-based construction worker positioning method, comprising: building a BIM according to a building construction site, and identifying the BIM by using an integration platform; the operator carries the positioning label to enter the construction site; the positioning tags send current position data to the integration platform, the integration platform integrates the position data with the BIM, a three-dimensional virtual construction site is presented on the integration platform, and different operators represented by different positioning tags are presented in the three-dimensional virtual construction site; and dividing a construction site in the BIM into warning areas with different danger degrees, and calculating and judging the position data of the positioning object in real time to obtain a safety evaluation result. The BIM-based construction operator positioning method is designed, so that the real-time position checking of the construction operators is supported, the operation in a dangerous area or a major engineering area is avoided, and the safety of the operators is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a BIM-based construction worker positioning method.
Background
Although the construction site accidents of engineering projects frequently happen, the national regulations have corresponding personnel safety regulations and strict requirements, the accidents are only written documents, relatively complete personnel safety control measures are not available, daily manual reminding and monitoring is cup of the salary, the construction site environment is complex, the monitoring by safety personnel is far from insufficient, and the life safety cannot be ensured if the accidents occur and the accurate positioning cannot be realized.
At present, the BIM technology is a visual data management tool applied to the whole life cycle of a building, and the BIM technology is used for sharing and transmitting data of the whole life cycle of the building in the whole life cycle process of project planning, operation and maintenance, so that technical personnel can conveniently make correct understanding and efficient response measures on construction problems, and the BIM technology plays an important role in improving production efficiency, saving cost and shortening construction period.
In the prior art, in order to solve the phenomenon that accidents frequently occur on the construction site, positioning through display personnel in the BIM module can convert time difference into distance difference through a data processing device, the positions of the construction personnel are calculated by utilizing related algorithms, and finally the construction personnel are displayed through the BIM module and are reminded through an alarm device of a safety helmet, so that the purpose of safety early warning is achieved, but the data transmission process is complicated, the transmission rate is reduced due to the fact that local signals are strong and weak, the data are lost, and the safety and the accurate positions of the construction personnel cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a construction worker positioning method based on BIM.
In order to realize the above aim, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a construction worker positioning method based on BIM comprises the following steps:
according to a building construction site, building a BIM (building information modeling) and identifying the BIM by using an integration platform;
the operator carries the positioning label to enter the construction site;
the positioning tags send current position data to the integration platform, the integration platform integrates the position data with the BIM, a three-dimensional virtual construction site is presented on the integration platform, and different operators represented by different positioning tags are presented in the three-dimensional virtual construction site;
and dividing a construction site in the BIM into warning areas with different risk degrees, and calculating and judging the position data of the positioning object in real time to obtain a safety evaluation result.
Further, the creating the BIM specifically includes:
designing a BIM framework facing to the whole life cycle of a building;
mass BIM data are stored in a distributed mode and virtually integrated in a NoSql type database;
and carrying out BIM modeling based on the multi-source heterogeneous data.
Further, the BIM specifically includes ground sites, underground structures, construction machines, and temporary facilities.
Further, the positioning tag comprises a GPS module and a UWB module, and the GPS module and the UWB module are utilized to enable the positioning tag to transmit the position data including GPS data and UWB positioning data to the integrated platform.
Further, the integrated platform is a Unity platform, and the BIM is constructed by using Revit software.
Furthermore, a 3D model file and an attribute data file are exported from the Revit software, imported into 3ds Max software through an import function, and import and display of all information of the BIM are achieved in a Unity platform through an entity management model organization function and ID matching, so that the three-dimensional virtual construction site is obtained.
Further, the location data is stored in an XML format, a location management component is created in the Unity platform by using a built-in XML parser script of an AR4C application, an ID is created according to different location tags, and the location data of the ID is rendered in real time in the three-dimensional virtual construction site of the Unity platform in a mapping integration manner.
Further, the calculating and determining the position data of the positioning object in real time specifically includes:
mapping the warning areas with different danger degrees to the three-dimensional virtual construction site, dividing the warning areas into danger levels, calculating that the position data are in the warning areas with the danger levels higher than a preset threshold value, presenting the safety evaluation result as unsafe, and early warning the safety evaluation result presented as unsafe.
Further, the safety evaluation result is sent to the positioning label, and an alarm prompt is given to the operator represented by the safety evaluation result which is presented as unsafe.
By adopting the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the construction worker positioning method based on the BIM, the construction worker can be checked in real time, operation in a dangerous area or a major engineering area is avoided, and the safety of the construction worker is guaranteed; on the basis of building data, reading and collecting personnel data and safety risk data are supported, an information model facing personnel safety management is formed, and management efficiency is improved; on the basis of the integrated information model, a user can perform customized function research and development according to engineering requirements to form a BIM-based construction operator positioning system, so that the purposes are diversified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention and the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based method for positioning a construction worker, including the following steps S1 to S4:
in step S1, a BIM is created according to a construction site and identified using the integration platform.
In step S2, the worker enters the construction site with the positioning tag.
In step S3, the location tag sends the current location data to the integration platform, and the integration platform integrates the location data with the BIM, presents a three-dimensional virtual construction site on the integration platform, and presents different operators represented by different location tags in the three-dimensional virtual construction site.
In step S4, the construction site in the BIM is divided into warning areas with different risk degrees, and the position data of the positioning object is calculated and determined in real time to obtain a safety evaluation result.
The BIM architecture design oriented to building construction safety is provided according to building construction safety control requirements and a complete BIM model establishing process, the BIM architecture design comprises an integrated construction safety BIM basic framework, an architecture process, an application architecture and a method.
In an embodiment, the creating a BIM specifically includes: designing a BIM framework facing to the whole life cycle of a building; mass BIM data are stored in a distributed mode and virtually integrated in a NoSql type database; and carrying out BIM modeling based on the multi-source heterogeneous data.
Aiming at the creation process of a complete BIM model, an integrated BIM construction frame facing to the whole life cycle of a building is provided, and the integrated BIM construction frame comprises an integrated BIM basic frame, a construction process, an application framework and a method; a general data standard IFC is used for providing an object-level-oriented multi-source heterogeneous data BIM storage and integration method, which comprises a digital-analog separation method, a classification storage method and a data integration method, and bidirectional linking of 'model-data' is realized through a unique identifier; the geographic ontology thought is introduced, under the drive of massive spatial data, the spatial data integration based on ontology drive is realized, on the basis, the data integration is carried out on the information model facing to the operation and maintenance stage of the building, the data expansion effect is realized, and the method and the device provide help for enriching the data degree and solving the digital gap.
The BIM includes, as a supplement, ground sites, underground structures, construction machines and temporary facilities.
In one embodiment, said positioning tag comprises a GPS module and a UWB module, and said GPS module and said UWB module are utilized to enable said positioning tag to transmit said location data comprising GPS data and UWB positioning data to said integrated platform.
Based on actual needs of unsafe behavior management and control of construction site operators, a positioning mode combining GPS and UWB technologies is adopted, the GPS module realizes positioning of the operators in a ground construction operation area, the UWB module realizes positioning of the operators in an underground limited space, positioning tags carried by the operators integrate the GPS and UWB positioning modules, and the positioning mode is automatically switched according to the positions of positioning objects, so that real-time positioning of the construction site operators is realized.
By way of explanation, GPS is a global positioning system, a high-precision radio navigation positioning system based on artificial earth satellites, which provides accurate geographical location and precise time information anywhere in the world and in the near-earth space; the UWB is a super-broadband technology, is a wireless carrier communication technology, does not adopt sinusoidal carrier, but utilizes nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal wave narrow pulse to transmit data, so the occupied frequency spectrum range is very wide, and the UWB has the advantages of low system complexity, low power spectral density of transmitted signals, insensitivity to channel fading, low interception capability, high positioning precision and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-speed wireless access in dense multipath places such as indoor places and the like.
In one embodiment, the integrated platform is a Unity platform, and the BIM is constructed using Revit software.
The Unity platform is selected as a main development environment in order to enable positioning to be displayed in real time, the Unity platform is a real-time 3D platform and is used for visualizing interactive 3D models and virtual experience, various types of software can be interconnected and various data can be exchanged, and Revit software is used for BIM modeling according to needs, so that construction site structures, site arrangement and control, mechanical positions, material arrangement and the like are visually displayed, meanwhile, the working states of engineering conditions, constructors and site managers are known in real time, and the method is greatly helpful for site safety construction management.
In an embodiment, a 3D model file and an attribute data file are exported from the Revit software, and are imported into the 3ds Max software through an import function, so that all information of the BIM is imported and displayed in a Unity platform through an entity management model organization function and ID matching, and the three-dimensional virtual construction site is obtained.
Specifically, a 3D model file (FBX file) and an attribute data file (XML) are respectively exported from Autodesk Revit, and then imported into Autodesk 3ds Max through an import function, and all information of the BIM is imported and displayed in the Unity platform through an entity management model organization function and ID matching,
in one embodiment, the location data is stored in XML format, a location management component is created in the Unity platform by using a built-in XML parser script of the AR4C application, an ID is created according to different positioning tags, and the location data of the ID is rendered in real time in the three-dimensional virtual construction site of the Unity platform by means of mapping integration.
The position data is stored according to an XML format, so that an exclusive mark can be defined according to the design requirement of the position data, information sharing or transmission across systems or platforms can be achieved through XML, the AR4C application program creates a position management component in the Unity platform according to a built-in XML parser script, a real-time ID can be created according to the building position, and data integration is achieved through a BIM model and the position data in a mapping integration mode. The user can accurately display the position data in the Unity visualization environment in real time through the positioning tags.
Aiming at the positioning visualization technology, the embodiment is realized by adopting an augmented reality technology, a portable positioning tag is utilized, a real environment is enhanced through digital content, digital information and a 3D object are superimposed on a real object, a user can interact with the real object and a virtual object, and the information visualization of a construction site can be directly improved, wherein an AR4C application program is mainly designed for field managers and workers, context-specific information can be provided for the individuals at any time and any place of a construction site, the AR4C application program is a prototype version, and due to the integration of the Google Project Tango technology, the motion tracking and the depth perception can be known through mobile equipment such as a smart phone.
In an embodiment, the calculating and determining the position data of the positioning object in real time specifically includes:
mapping the warning areas with different danger degrees to the three-dimensional virtual construction site, dividing the warning areas into danger levels, calculating that the position data are in the warning areas with the danger levels higher than a preset threshold value, presenting the safety evaluation result as unsafe, and early warning the safety evaluation result presented as unsafe.
Additionally, the positioning method further comprises the steps of sending the safety evaluation result to the positioning label, and giving an alarm prompt to the operator represented by the safety evaluation result which is unsafe.
Specifically, an alarm speaker can be arranged on the positioning label, and the positioning label can be used for reporting when giving an alarm to remind an operator of paying attention to safety.
Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be known that the present positioning method has the following beneficial effects:
the real-time position checking of construction operators is supported, the operation in a dangerous area or a major engineering area is avoided, and the safety of the operators is guaranteed; on the basis of building data, reading and collecting personnel data and safety risk data are supported, an information model facing personnel safety management is formed, and management efficiency is improved; on the basis of the integrated information model, a user can perform customized function research and development according to engineering requirements to form a BIM-based construction operator positioning system, so that the purposes are diversified.
While the present disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present disclosure may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A BIM-based construction worker positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to a building construction site, building a BIM (building information modeling) and identifying the BIM by using an integration platform;
the operator carries the positioning label to enter the construction site;
the positioning tags send current position data to the integration platform, the integration platform integrates the position data with the BIM, a three-dimensional virtual construction site is presented on the integration platform, and different operators represented by different positioning tags are presented in the three-dimensional virtual construction site;
and dividing a construction site in the BIM into warning areas with different risk degrees, and calculating and judging the position data of the positioning object in real time to obtain a safety evaluation result.
2. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the creating of the BIM specifically comprises:
designing a BIM framework facing to the whole life cycle of a building;
mass BIM data are stored in a distributed mode and virtually integrated in a NoSql type database;
and carrying out BIM modeling based on the multi-source heterogeneous data.
3. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the BIM specifically includes a ground site, an underground structure, a construction machine, and a temporary facility.
4. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the positioning tag comprises a GPS module and a UWB module, and the GPS module and the UWB module are used to make the positioning tag transmit the position data including GPS data and UWB positioning data to the integration platform.
5. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method of claim 1, wherein the integrated platform is a Unity platform and the BIM is constructed using Revit software.
6. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 5, wherein 3D model files and attribute data files are exported from the Revit software, imported into 3ds Max software through an import function, and import and display of all information of the BIM are realized in a Unity platform through an entity management model organization function and ID matching, so that the three-dimensional virtual construction site is obtained.
7. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method of claim 6, wherein the location data is stored in XML format, a location management component is created in the Unity platform using built-in XML parser script of AR4C application, and an ID is created from different location tags, such that the location data of the ID is rendered in real time in the three-dimensional virtual construction site of the Unity platform by means of mapping integration.
8. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating and judging the position data of the positioning object in real time specifically comprises:
mapping the warning areas with different danger degrees to the three-dimensional virtual construction site, dividing the warning areas into danger levels, calculating that the position data are in the warning areas with the danger levels higher than a preset threshold value, presenting the safety evaluation result as unsafe, and early warning the safety evaluation result presented as unsafe.
9. The BIM-based construction worker positioning method according to claim 8, further comprising transmitting the safety evaluation result to the positioning tag and performing an alarm prompt on a worker represented by the safety evaluation result that appears unsafe.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114584597A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-03 | 湖北中腾智能科教有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring fire-fighting system based on cloud system |
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