CN113986383A - Boot loader starting method and related device - Google Patents
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- CN113986383A CN113986383A CN202111262828.0A CN202111262828A CN113986383A CN 113986383 A CN113986383 A CN 113986383A CN 202111262828 A CN202111262828 A CN 202111262828A CN 113986383 A CN113986383 A CN 113986383A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
- G06F9/44505—Configuring for program initiating, e.g. using registry, configuration files
Abstract
The application discloses a boot loader starting method, which comprises the following steps: performing a boot operation from a first flash memory medium based on a multi-redundant boot loader; when the starting operation is successfully executed, writing corresponding configuration information into a first register; judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not; if not, the boot operation is executed from the second flash memory medium based on the multi-redundancy boot loader. When the configuration information does not exist in the first register, the starting operation is executed from the second flash memory medium instead of only the single flash memory medium, so that redundancy of starting operation of multiple storage media is realized, the problem that the single flash memory medium cannot be started due to failure in starting is avoided, and the stability of the system is improved. The application also discloses a boot loader starting device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a boot loader starting method, a boot loader starting apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
In the device starting process, a U-Boot (Universal Boot Loader) is a program loaded first when a System on Chip (SoC) Chip is powered on and started, and the purpose of the U-Boot is to initialize the System and provide preparation for calling an operating System kernel. The U-Boot program design is of great importance to the SoC chip, and the SoC can be smoothly started and the chip can normally run only if the U-Boot is correctly loaded.
In the related art, a U-Boot program is placed in a non-volatile flash memory medium, such as a nor flash, and located at an address 0 of an SoC system, and a processor fetches an instruction from the address 0 to execute the program after power-on. Under the condition, once unreliable scenes such as damage of a starting medium, failure of remote online updating of the U-Boot program and the like occur, the U-Boot cannot be started normally, and the system stability is reduced.
Therefore, how to improve the stability of system startup and avoid the problem of system startup is a key issue that those skilled in the art are concerned about.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a boot loader starting method, a boot loader starting device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, so as to improve the stability of a starting process and keep a system running reliably.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a boot loader starting method, including:
performing a boot operation from a first flash memory medium based on a multi-redundant boot loader;
when the starting operation is successfully executed, writing corresponding configuration information into a first register;
judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not;
if not, the boot operation is executed from the second flash memory medium based on the multi-redundancy boot loader.
Optionally, executing a boot operation from the first flash memory medium based on the multiple redundant boot loader includes:
executing a boot loader based on a first address of the first flash memory medium to perform a boot operation;
judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the first flash memory medium.
Optionally, the determining whether the starting operation is successfully executed includes:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on a register corresponding to the first flash memory medium.
Optionally, the boot loader based on the second address of the first flash memory medium performs a boot operation, including:
modifying a computer boot pointer to the second address;
and executing a boot loader based on the second address of the first flash memory medium to execute a boot operation.
Optionally, the executing the boot operation from the second flash memory medium based on the multiple redundant boot loader includes:
executing a boot loader based on the first address of the second flash memory medium to perform a boot operation;
judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the second flash memory medium.
Optionally, the determining whether the starting operation is successfully executed includes:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on the register corresponding to the second flash memory medium.
Optionally, the boot loader based on the second address of the second flash memory medium performs a boot operation, including:
modifying a computer boot pointer to the second address;
a boot loader based on a second address of the second flash media performs a boot operation.
The present application further provides a boot loader starting apparatus, including:
a first media boot module to perform a boot operation from a first flash media based on a multi-redundant boot loader;
the configuration information writing module is used for writing corresponding configuration information into the first register when the starting operation is successfully executed;
the configuration information judging module is used for judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not;
a second media boot module to perform a boot operation from a second flash media based on a multi-redundant boot loader when the configuration information does not exist for the first register.
The present application further provides a server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the startup method as described above when executing the computer program.
The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the startup method as described above.
The boot loader starting method provided by the application comprises the following steps: performing a boot operation from a first flash memory medium based on a multi-redundant boot loader; when the starting operation is successfully executed, writing corresponding configuration information into a first register; judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not; if not, the boot operation is executed from the second flash memory medium based on the multi-redundancy boot loader.
The starting operation is executed through the first flash memory medium, when the starting operation is successfully executed, corresponding configuration information is written into the first register, whether the configuration information exists in the first register is judged to determine whether the starting is successful, if the configuration information does not exist in the first register, the starting operation is executed from the second flash memory medium instead of only executing the starting operation from a single flash memory medium, the redundancy of the starting operation of multiple storage media is realized, the problem that the single flash memory medium cannot be started due to the starting failure is avoided, and the stability of the system is improved.
The present application further provides a boot loader starting apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium, which have the above beneficial effects and are not described herein again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a boot loader starting method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a boot loader starting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a boot loader starting method, a boot loader starting device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, so as to improve the stability of a starting process and keep a system running reliably.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the related art, a U-Boot program is placed in a non-volatile flash memory medium, such as a nor flash, and located at an address 0 of an SoC system, and a processor fetches an instruction from the address 0 to execute the program after power-on. Under the condition, once unreliable scenes such as damage of a starting medium, failure of remote online updating of the U-Boot program and the like occur, the U-Boot cannot be started normally, and the system stability is reduced.
Therefore, the application provides a boot loader starting method, which executes a starting operation through a first flash memory medium, writes corresponding configuration information into a first register when the starting operation is successfully executed, then judges whether the configuration information exists in the first register to determine whether the starting is successful, and executes the starting operation from a second flash memory medium instead of executing the starting operation from a single flash memory medium if the configuration information does not exist in the first register, so that redundancy of starting operations of multiple storage media is realized, the problem that the single flash memory medium cannot be started due to starting failure is solved, and the stability of a system is improved.
The following describes a boot loader starting method according to an embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a boot loader starting method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the method may include:
s101, starting operation is executed from a first flash memory medium based on a multi-redundancy boot loader;
it can be seen that this step is directed to the redundant boot loader performing a boot operation from the first flash medium.
The multi-redundancy boot loader is provided with boot loaders with a plurality of addresses, when one of the boot loaders cannot be started successfully, the boot loader can be started from other addresses, namely a plurality of subprograms are used for starting, and when the problem that the boot loader cannot be started is that other programs can be used for starting instead.
Further, in order to improve the stability of the program started from the first medium and keep the system from errors, the step may include:
step 1, executing a starting operation based on a boot loader of a first address of a first flash memory medium;
step 2, judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and 3, if not, executing a starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the first flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative scheme mainly illustrates how the program start-up is performed from the first flash memory medium. In this alternative, the boot loader based on the first address of the first flash memory medium executes the boot operation, and determines whether the boot operation is successfully executed, and if not, executes the boot operation based on the boot loader based on the second address of the first flash memory medium. Therefore, in the alternative, the boot loader of the first address and the boot loader of the second address in the first flash memory medium improve the reliability of the starting process, and the problem of starting failure is avoided.
Further, to improve the accuracy of the determination, step 2 of the last alternative may include:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on a register corresponding to the first flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative scheme is mainly illustrative of how the determination may be made. In this alternative, whether the start-up operation is successfully executed is determined based on a register corresponding to the first flash memory medium. That is, the judgment is performed by the data content in the register, and the judgment accuracy is improved.
Further, to improve the starting stability, step 3 of the last alternative may include:
step 1, modifying a computer starting pointer to a second address;
and 2, executing a starting operation by the boot loader based on the second address of the first flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative is primarily illustrative of how the initiation is performed from the second substrate. In this alternative, the computer boot pointer is modified to the second address, and the boot loader based on the second address of the first flash medium performs the boot operation.
S102, when the starting operation is successfully executed, writing corresponding configuration information into the first register;
on the basis of S101, this step is intended to write corresponding configuration information to the first register when the execution of the boot operation is successful.
That is, when the start operation is successful, the corresponding configuration information is written into the first register, and the message that the start is successful is recorded in the first register. When the start-up operation fails, the configuration information is not written to the first register, or the efficiency of the start-up failure is recorded in the first register.
S103, judging whether the first register has configuration information or not;
on the basis of S102, this step is intended to determine whether configuration information exists in the first register.
The configuration information is the configuration data written in the first register. The configuration data may be a written high-low potential identifier, a written preset character string, or a written preset potential identifier. It is to be understood that the manner of configuring the information in the present embodiment is not exclusive, and is not limited herein.
And S104, if not, executing the starting operation from the second flash memory medium based on the multi-redundancy boot loader.
On the basis of S103, this step is intended to perform a boot operation from the second flash memory medium based on the multiple redundant boot loader when the configuration information does not exist in the first register, so as to implement switching of the storage medium and system boot. That is, on the basis of unsuccessful start of the first storage medium, the start operation is executed from the second flash memory medium as a redundant program start operation, thereby avoiding the problem that the system cannot be started due to the error of the first flash memory medium and improving the stability of system start.
Further, in order to improve the stability and reliability of the program started from the second flash memory medium, the step may include:
step 1, executing a starting operation based on a boot loader of a first address of a second flash memory medium;
step 2, judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and 3, if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the second flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative is primarily illustrative of how the program is started from the second flash medium. In this alternative, the boot loader based on the first address of the second flash memory medium performs the boot operation, and determines whether the boot operation is successfully performed, and if not, the boot loader based on the second address of the second flash memory medium performs the boot operation. Therefore, in the alternative, the boot loader of the first address and the boot loader of the second address in the second flash memory medium improve the reliability of the starting process, and the problem of failed starting is avoided.
Further, in order to improve the accuracy of the judgment, step 2 in the last alternative may include:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on the register corresponding to the second flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative scheme is mainly illustrative of how the determination may be made. In this alternative, whether the start operation is successfully executed is determined based on a register corresponding to the second flash memory medium. That is, the judgment is performed by the data content in the register, and the judgment accuracy is improved.
Further, in order to improve the stability of starting, step 2 in the last alternative may include:
step 1, modifying a computer starting pointer to a second address;
and 2, executing the starting operation by the boot loader based on the second address of the second flash memory medium.
It can be seen that the present alternative is primarily illustrative of how the initiation is performed from the second substrate. In this alternative, the computer boot pointer is modified to the second address, and the boot loader based on the second address of the first flash medium performs the boot operation.
To sum up, in this embodiment, the first flash memory medium is used to perform a boot operation, when the boot operation is successfully performed, corresponding configuration information is written into the first register, and then whether the configuration information exists in the first register is determined to determine whether the boot operation is successful, and if the configuration information does not exist in the first register, the boot operation is performed from the second flash memory medium instead of only performing the boot operation from a single flash memory medium, so that redundancy of the boot operation of multiple storage media is achieved, the problem that the single flash memory medium cannot be booted due to a boot failure is avoided, and stability of the system is improved.
The following further describes a boot loader starting method provided by the present application by using a specific embodiment.
In this embodiment, a redundant replacement is provided for a start-up medium of the SoC chip in hardware design, and a dedicated conversion module is designed for the SoC chip in hardware, so that when a physically unreliable scene, such as a start-up medium damage, a hardware interface fault, and the like, occurs, an imperceptible replacement can be achieved, and serious problems such as a start-up failure, an abnormal operation, and the like caused by a hardware fault inside the chip are avoided.
Furthermore, aiming at a remote online updating scene of the U-Boot, a multi-U-Boot starting mechanism of the SoC chip is designed, a special multi-U-Boot redundancy strategy of a software layer is tightly coupled with an existing U-Boot general program framework, the multi-U-Boot redundancy strategy is not restricted by a starting medium, the flexible dynamic reconfiguration of a starting address is supported, when the updating of the U-Boot starting program fails, the operation of at least one normal starting program can be automatically maintained, and the occurrence of system downtime faults is avoided.
Based on the hardware and software design, the hardware redundancy fault-tolerant design provides two identical starting media, namely a medium 0 and a medium 1 (such as a nor flash (non-volatile flash technology)) physically, the medium 0 and the medium 1 are connected through a special hardware change-over switch, a special mark register is provided inside the SoC chip for starting judgment, and a U-Boot program is placed in both the two media. When the power is on, the U-Boot program is started from the medium 1 by default, when the U-Boot program is normally started, a corresponding flag register is configured, the SoC detects whether the flag register is configured, and if the flag register is configured, no operation is performed, and the process is ended; when the medium 0 is damaged and the U-Boot program is not normally started, the flag register cannot be configured, and the SoC detects that the flag register is not configured, switches to the medium 1 by using a hardware change-over switch, and then resets, so that the U-Boot program is started from the medium 1.
Software redundancy fault tolerance designs a set of special multiple U-Boot redundancy strategy on the existing U-Boot software program framework, the original starting medium is divided into a Golden part and an Update part, the Golden part is positioned at the 0 address, and the Update position can be flexibly reconfigured. Golden and Update are put in U-Boot programs, wherein the Golden places are verified U-boots which can be normally started, the Update places are remote online updated U-boots, the SoC chip is started from the Update first, and when the Update has a problem and cannot be started, the SoC chip jumps to the Golden places to start, so that the running of at least one normal starting program is ensured, and the system downtime is avoided. A detection register is provided inside the SoC for the jump logic to decide, and the initial default value of the detection register is 0. When the system is powered on, starting from an address 0, firstly judging whether the value of a detection register is 1, if not, configuring the detection register as 1, then jumping to an address of an Update to start an Update program in a mode of changing a PC pointer, wherein the configured address needs to be consistent with the address of the Update in an actual medium, when the Update is started successfully, ending the flow, if the Update is started unsuccessfully, triggering the system to reset, returning to the address 0 to start again, judging the value of the detection register again, at the moment, configuring the detection register as 1, and directly starting the Golden program from the Golden address, so that the redundant fault-tolerant function of the multi-U-Boot program is realized
It can be seen that, in this embodiment, a start operation is executed through a first flash memory medium, when the start operation is successfully executed, corresponding configuration information is written into a first register, and then it is determined whether the start operation is successful or not, if the configuration information is not present in the first register, the start operation is executed from a second flash memory medium instead of only executing the start operation from a single flash memory medium, so that redundancy of start operations of multiple storage media is achieved, the problem that the single flash memory medium cannot be started due to a failed start is avoided, and stability of the system is improved.
The following describes a boot loader starting device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the boot loader starting device described below and the boot loader starting method described above may be referred to in correspondence with each other.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a boot loader starting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the apparatus may include:
a first media boot module 100 for performing a boot operation from a first flash media based on a multi-redundant boot loader;
a configuration information writing module 200, configured to write corresponding configuration information into the first register when the start operation is successfully executed;
a configuration information determining module 300, configured to determine whether the first register has configuration information;
a second media boot module 400 to perform a boot operation from a second flash media based on the multiple redundant boot loader when the first register does not have configuration information.
Optionally, the first media boot module 100 is specifically configured to execute a boot loader based on a first address of the first flash memory medium to perform a boot operation; judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed; and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the first flash memory medium.
Optionally, the second media starting module 400 is specifically configured to execute a starting operation based on a boot loader of the first address of the second flash media; judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed; and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the second flash memory medium.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a server, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the startup method as described in the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the boot method according to the above embodiments.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The boot loader starting method, the boot loader starting device, the server and the computer readable storage medium provided by the present application are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A boot loader starting method, comprising:
performing a boot operation from a first flash memory medium based on a multi-redundant boot loader;
when the starting operation is successfully executed, writing corresponding configuration information into a first register;
judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not;
if not, the boot operation is executed from the second flash memory medium based on the multi-redundancy boot loader.
2. The boot method according to claim 1, wherein performing the boot operation from the first flash memory medium based on the multi-redundant boot loader comprises:
executing a boot loader based on a first address of the first flash memory medium to perform a boot operation;
judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the first flash memory medium.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining whether the boot operation was successfully performed comprises:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on a register corresponding to the first flash memory medium.
4. The boot method according to claim 2, wherein the boot loader performing the boot operation based on the second address of the first flash medium includes:
modifying a computer boot pointer to the second address;
and executing a boot loader based on the second address of the first flash memory medium to execute a boot operation.
5. The boot method of claim 1, wherein performing the boot operation from the second flash memory medium based on the multiple redundant boot loader comprises:
executing a boot loader based on the first address of the second flash memory medium to perform a boot operation;
judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed;
and if not, executing the starting operation based on the boot loader of the second address of the second flash memory medium.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining whether the boot operation was successfully performed comprises:
and judging whether the starting operation is successfully executed or not based on the register corresponding to the second flash memory medium.
7. The boot method according to claim 5, wherein performing a boot operation based on a boot loader of the second address of the second flash medium comprises:
modifying a computer boot pointer to the second address;
a boot loader based on a second address of the second flash media performs a boot operation.
8. A boot loader starting apparatus, comprising:
a first media boot module to perform a boot operation from a first flash media based on a multi-redundant boot loader;
the configuration information writing module is used for writing corresponding configuration information into the first register when the starting operation is successfully executed;
the configuration information judging module is used for judging whether the first register has the configuration information or not;
a second media boot module to perform a boot operation from a second flash media based on a multi-redundant boot loader when the configuration information does not exist for the first register.
9. A server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the startup method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the startup method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202111262828.0A CN113986383A (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Boot loader starting method and related device |
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| CN109815061A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 深兰科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus, equipment and the medium of the anti-brick of embedded system |
| CN111338771A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-26 | 深圳震有科技股份有限公司 | Boot program switching processing method and device, computer equipment and medium |
| DE102019214678A1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-03-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | System and method for the accelerated and safe start of a system |
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2021
- 2021-10-28 CN CN202111262828.0A patent/CN113986383A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106980513A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of switching method and device of dual boot file |
| CN109408145A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-01 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of processor starting method, apparatus, system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109815061A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 深兰科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus, equipment and the medium of the anti-brick of embedded system |
| DE102019214678A1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-03-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | System and method for the accelerated and safe start of a system |
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