CN113985447A - Coherent wind measurement laser radar and measurement method - Google Patents
Coherent wind measurement laser radar and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113985447A CN113985447A CN202111642223.4A CN202111642223A CN113985447A CN 113985447 A CN113985447 A CN 113985447A CN 202111642223 A CN202111642223 A CN 202111642223A CN 113985447 A CN113985447 A CN 113985447A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coherent wind lidar which is applied to the technical field of wind lidar.A pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by a laser to enable the laser to emit a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, and the laser pulses correspond to at least two different pulse widths; a processor for; acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; decoding the echo pulse train signals according to a fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width; and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width, so that the data corresponding to various distance resolutions can be simultaneously output when the coherent wind lidar works, and the coherent wind lidar is ensured to have higher time resolution. The invention also provides a measuring method, which also has the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind lidar, in particular to a coherent wind lidar and a measurement method of the coherent wind lidar.
Background
Generally, the coherent wind lidar can work in different range resolution modes, but once the range resolution is selected, the radar cannot be changed at will during working, and under the set range resolution, the radar can only output wind speed and wind direction data with a single fixed range resolution.
Generally, coherent wind lidar can only output wind speed and direction data with a single fixed distance resolution at a certain time, and cannot meet the requirement of outputting wind speed and direction detection data with different scales, namely corresponding to the common distance resolution, at the same time.
In the prior art, a coherent wind lidar generally works in a fixed range resolution mode, that is, the pulse width of the laser emergent light remains unchanged at a set range resolution. If the distance resolution setting needs to be changed, the radar needs to stop measuring, change the width of the emergent laser pulse according to the distance resolution requirement, and then restart the measurement.
Although the prior art can output wind speed and direction data with different distance resolutions by switching between different distance resolution modes, the distance resolution conversion process usually takes a long time, and the wind speed and direction data with the same distance resolution has no continuity in time, i.e. the time resolution is not high. Therefore, how to provide a coherent wind lidar with multiple range resolutions simultaneously is a problem which needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coherent wind measurement laser radar which has multiple distance resolutions during working; another object of the present invention is to provide a method for coherent wind lidar measurements with multiple range resolutions.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a coherent wind lidar which comprises a laser transceiving system, a pulse width modulator and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system;
the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths;
the processor is configured to;
acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train;
decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width;
and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
Optionally, there is an interval corresponding to the delay time between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train.
Optionally, the processor is configured to:
determining the interval time between laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and a fixed sequence;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
Optionally, the processor is configured to:
determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
Optionally, the laser transceiver system further includes a circulator, a telescope, an optical fiber coupler, and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
The invention also provides a measuring method of the coherent wind lidar, which is applied to a processor and comprises the following steps:
acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; the laser pulse train is a laser pulse train which is emitted by a laser through modulating a laser in a laser transceiving system by a pulse width modulator; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths;
decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width;
and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
Optionally, there is an interval corresponding to the delay time between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train.
Optionally, the decoding the echo pulse train signal according to the fixed order to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width includes:
determining the interval time between laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and a fixed sequence;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
Optionally, the decoding the echo pulse train signal according to the fixed order to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width includes:
determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
Optionally, the laser transceiver system further includes a circulator, a telescope, an optical fiber coupler, and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
The invention provides a coherent wind measurement laser radar, which comprises a laser transceiving system, a pulse width modulator and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system; the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, and the laser pulses correspond to at least two different pulse widths; a processor for; acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; decoding the echo pulse train signals according to a fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width; and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
The laser is modulated by the pulse width modulator to emit laser pulse trains with different widths and arranged according to a fixed sequence, and the emitted laser can simultaneously correspond to various distance resolutions by emitting the laser pulse trains because the distance resolution of the coherent wind lidar is related to the width of the emitted laser pulse. When receiving the echo signals, decoding the echo signals according to the fixed sequence corresponding to the laser pulse train so as to obtain data to be processed corresponding to different distance resolutions; and performing inversion operation on the data to be processed, thereby obtaining the atmospheric parameters corresponding to different range resolutions, simultaneously outputting data corresponding to various range resolutions during working, and ensuring that the coherent wind lidar has higher time resolution.
The invention also provides a measuring method of the coherent wind measurement laser radar, which also has the beneficial effects and is not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a specific coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser pulse train;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a measurement method of a coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a laser transceiving system, 11 laser devices, 12 circulators, 13 telescopes, 14 optical fiber couplers, 15 detectors, 2 pulse width modulators and 3 processors.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a coherent wind lidar. In the prior art, a coherent wind lidar generally works in a fixed range resolution mode, that is, the pulse width of the laser emergent light remains unchanged at a set range resolution. If the distance resolution setting needs to be changed, the radar needs to stop measuring, change the width of the emergent laser pulse according to the distance resolution requirement, and then restart the measurement.
Although the prior art can output wind speed and direction data with different distance resolutions by switching between different distance resolution modes, the distance resolution conversion process usually takes a long time, and the wind speed and direction data with the same distance resolution has no continuity in time, i.e. the time resolution is not high.
The coherent wind lidar provided by the invention comprises a laser transceiving system, a pulse width modulator and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system; the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, and the laser pulses correspond to at least two different pulse widths; a processor for; acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; decoding the echo pulse train signals according to a fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width; and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
The laser is modulated by the pulse width modulator to emit laser pulse trains with different widths and arranged according to a fixed sequence, and the emitted laser can simultaneously correspond to various distance resolutions by emitting the laser pulse trains because the distance resolution of the coherent wind lidar is related to the width of the emitted laser pulse. When receiving the echo signals, decoding the echo signals according to the fixed sequence corresponding to the laser pulse train so as to obtain data to be processed corresponding to different distance resolutions; and performing inversion operation on the data to be processed, thereby obtaining the atmospheric parameters corresponding to different range resolutions, simultaneously outputting data corresponding to various range resolutions during working, and ensuring that the coherent wind lidar has higher time resolution.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a coherent wind lidar includes a laser transceiver system, a pulse width modulator, and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system; the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train includes at least two laser pulses arranged in a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths.
The processor is configured to; acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width; and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
The laser receiving and transmitting system can emit laser to the atmosphere, receive the returned echo signal and convert the echo signal into a corresponding electric signal. The details of the laser transceiver system will be described in detail in the following embodiments of the invention, and will not be described herein.
The laser transceiver system needs to include a laser, and the pulse width modulator can modulate light emitted by the laser, that is, the pulse width modulator can adjust the width of laser pulses emitted by the laser. Generally, the pulse width modulator can output pulse signals with various widths, so that the laser can output laser pulses with various widths after the laser is modulated by the pulse width modulator, and the laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence form a laser pulse train. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the laser pulse train emitted to the atmosphere by the laser transceiver system has at least two laser pulses with different pulse widths, and the multiple laser pulses are arranged along a fixed sequence. Correspondingly, the echo signal received by the laser transceiver system also includes echo pulses corresponding to laser pulses with different pulse widths, and the arrangement order of the echo pulses corresponds to the fixed order.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the processor needs to be in communication connection with the laser transceiver system, so that the processor can acquire the echo burst signal. In an embodiment of the present invention, the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser transceiver system transmits the laser pulse train, that is, the echo pulse train signal is an echo signal recovered after the laser transceiver system transmits the modulated laser pulse train to the atmosphere. In general, the laser transceiver system may convert a received laser signal into an electrical signal, and therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the echo pulse train signal obtained by the processor may specifically be an electrical signal, and the signal is usually still composed of echo pulses arranged in a fixed order, and each echo pulse corresponds to the laser pulse.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the processor decodes the echo pulse train signal according to the fixed sequence to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to each pulse width, i.e., the data to be processed corresponding to each range resolution. The specific decoding process will be described in detail in the following embodiments of the present invention, and will not be described herein again.
Then, in the embodiment of the present invention, the processor may perform inversion operation on the data to be processed, so as to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width. In general, the atmospheric parameter is wind speed and direction data corresponding to the distance resolution. For the above-mentioned specific process of inversion operation for generating wind speed and direction data, reference may be made to the prior art, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
The processor may also be in communication with the pulse width modulator, i.e. the processor may control the modulation process of the pulse width modulator to output a preset pulse width, preset fixed sequence of laser pulse trains. The specific setting process of the pulse width modulator needs to be determined according to the specific kind of the pulse width modulator, and is not specifically limited herein.
The coherent wind lidar provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a laser transceiving system, a pulse width modulator and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system; the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, and the laser pulses correspond to at least two different pulse widths; a processor for; acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; decoding the echo pulse train signals according to a fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width; and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
The laser is modulated by the pulse width modulator to emit laser pulse trains with different widths and arranged according to a fixed sequence, and the emitted laser can simultaneously correspond to various distance resolutions by emitting the laser pulse trains because the distance resolution of the coherent wind lidar is related to the width of the emitted laser pulse. When receiving the echo signals, decoding the echo signals according to the fixed sequence corresponding to the laser pulse train so as to obtain data to be processed corresponding to different distance resolutions; and performing inversion operation on the data to be processed, thereby obtaining the atmospheric parameters corresponding to different range resolutions, simultaneously outputting data corresponding to various range resolutions during working, and ensuring that the coherent wind lidar has higher time resolution.
The following embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific contents of the coherent wind lidar provided by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 2 is a block diagram of a coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser pulse train.
The coherent wind lidar is distinguished from the above embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention are further limited in structure on the basis of the above embodiments of the present invention. The rest of the contents are already described in detail in the above embodiments of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the laser transceiver system further includes a circulator, a telescope, a fiber coupler and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
Specifically, the laser pulse train emitted by the laser in the laser transceiver system passes through the circulator, i.e., the optical circulator. An optical circulator is a multi-port non-reciprocal optical device, and its typical structure has at least three ports, such as a first port, a second port, a third port, and so on. The optical circulator can separate the transmitting and receiving optical paths with little energy loss. In the embodiment of the invention, a circulator is particularly used for separating the transmitting light path and the receiving light path so as to form a laser transceiving system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the laser pulse train is transmitted to the atmosphere through the telescope after passing through the circulator, and then the echo signal corresponding to the laser pulse train is transmitted to the optical fiber coupler through the telescope and the circulator. The optical fiber coupler takes the laser pulse train as reference laser, mixes the reference laser with the echo signal, and converts the laser signal after mixing into an electric signal through a detector, thereby forming an echo pulse train signal. For the specific structure of the laser transceiver system, reference may be made to the prior art, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
In general, in the embodiment of the present invention, the processor may include a data collector and an industrial personal computer, where the data collector is configured to decode the echo pulse train signal according to the fixed order to obtain to-be-processed data corresponding to the pulse width. And the industrial personal computer is used for carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width. Of course, in the embodiment of the present invention, an interface of the processor is not specifically limited, as long as the echo data can be processed, and is not specifically limited herein.
Referring to fig. 3, in particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is an interval corresponding to the delay time between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train. That is, a laser pulse train is composed of a discontinuous segment of laser pulses, and there is an interval between two adjacent segments of laser pulses, so that when a laser signal is transmitted, after a delay time elapses after a laser pulse is transmitted, the next segment of laser pulse is transmitted. It should be noted that the delay time after each segment or each laser pulse may be the same or different, and is not limited herein as the case may be. The interval is arranged between the adjacent laser pulses, so that the decoding processing of echo signals corresponding to different pulse widths is facilitated, and the accurate data to be processed can be generated.
For example, when the laser pulse train includes pulses a and B having different pulse widths, pulse B is transmitted after a delay T1 after pulse a is transmitted, and pulse a is transmitted after a delay T2 after pulse B is transmitted. In this case, a pulse a, a delay T1, a pulse B, and a delay T2 form a cycle, and the entire laser pulse train usually includes a plurality of cycles, forming a pulse train with different pulse widths and a fixed sequence relationship.
In the embodiment of the present invention, two specific processes for decoding the echo pulse train signal are specifically provided, and both the two specific processes can obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width. First, when there is an interval between laser pulse trains due to the delay time, i.e., the structure of the laser pulse train is similar to that shown in fig. 3, the processor is configured to: determining the interval time between laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and a fixed sequence; and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
Specifically, according to the delay time and the time for sending each laser pulse, the laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width are extracted in combination with a fixed sequence, and then the data to be processed corresponding to the same pulse width is obtained. Taking fig. 3 as an example, the decoding process for pulse a is: after the data acquisition unit receives the start command, the echo signal of the pulse A is firstly acquired and processed, then the delay time T1 is added every time, the delay time T2 is added, the echo signal is acquired and processed after the delay time corresponding to the width of the pulse B is added, and then the decoding processing process of the pulse A can be completed.
Accordingly, the decoding process of the pulse B is as follows: after the data acquisition unit receives the start instruction, delaying the delay time corresponding to the width of the pulse A, adding the delay time T1, and acquiring and processing the echo signal of the pulse B; and then, at intervals of time delay T1, adding time delay T2, and acquiring and processing the echo signal after adding the time delay corresponding to the width of the pulse A, so that the decoding processing process of the pulse B can be completed.
Second, whether or not there is a space between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train, the processor is configured to: determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal; and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
In this scheme, the processor may determine a position corresponding to each laser pulse in the echo pulse train signal according to a rising edge of the echo pulse train signal, specifically, each pulse in the echo pulse train signal needs to be identified, and a start time of the echo pulse train signal is determined according to the rising edge of the pulse, so as to determine the laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width, and then the laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width may be extracted from the echo pulse train signal and processed, so as to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the same pulse width. Obviously, this second scheme is relatively complex to implement, and the first time-based codec does not require the above-mentioned processing.
According to the coherent wind lidar provided by the embodiment of the invention, the laser is modulated by the pulse width modulator to emit the laser pulse trains with different widths and arranged according to a fixed sequence, and the distance resolution of the coherent wind lidar is related to the width of the emitted laser pulse, so that the emitted laser can simultaneously correspond to various distance resolutions by emitting the laser pulse trains. When receiving the echo signals, decoding the echo signals according to the fixed sequence corresponding to the laser pulse train so as to obtain data to be processed corresponding to different distance resolutions; and performing inversion operation on the data to be processed, thereby obtaining the atmospheric parameters corresponding to different range resolutions, simultaneously outputting data corresponding to various range resolutions during working, and ensuring that the coherent wind lidar has higher time resolution.
The following describes a measurement method of the coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the measurement method described below is a specific application of the coherent wind lidar described above, and therefore the measurement method described below and the coherent wind lidar described above may be referred to in a corresponding manner.
It should be noted that the measurement method of the coherent wind lidar described below is specifically applied to the processor in the coherent wind lidar described above, which is mainly each step of data processing by the processor.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a measurement method of a coherent wind lidar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a measurement method of a coherent wind lidar includes:
s101: and acquiring an echo pulse train signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser transceiving system sends the laser pulse train; the laser pulse train is a laser pulse train which is emitted by a laser through modulating a laser in a laser transceiving system by a pulse width modulator; the laser pulse train includes at least two laser pulses arranged in a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths. The detailed structure of the coherent wind lidar is described in detail in the above embodiments of the present invention, and will not be described herein again.
S102: and decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
S103: and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
The specific steps executed by the processor are already described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is an interval corresponding to the delay time between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, S102 may specifically include:
s1021: and determining the interval time between the laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and the fixed sequence.
S1022: and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
The above-mentioned S1021 to S1022 are described in detail with reference to the first decoding process in the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention, and are not described herein again.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, S102 may specifically include:
s1023: and determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal.
S1024: and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
The above-mentioned S1023 to S1024 are described in detail with respect to the second decoding process in the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention, and are not described herein again.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the laser transceiver system further includes a circulator, a telescope, a fiber coupler, and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals. The detailed structure of the laser transceiver system has been described in detail in the above embodiments of the invention, and will not be described herein again.
The measurement method of the coherent wind lidar of this embodiment is specifically the use of the coherent wind lidar, and therefore, a specific implementation manner of the measurement method of the coherent wind lidar may be found in the foregoing embodiments of the coherent wind lidar, and therefore, the specific implementation manner may refer to the description of each corresponding embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The present invention provides a coherent wind lidar and a method for measuring the same. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coherent wind lidar is characterized by comprising a laser transceiving system, a pulse width modulator and a processor; the laser transceiving system is in communication connection with the processor, and the pulse width modulator is connected with a laser in the laser transceiving system;
the pulse width modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the laser to enable the laser to send a laser pulse train; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths;
the processor is configured to:
acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train;
decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width;
and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
2. A coherent wind lidar according to claim 1, wherein between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train there is an interval of corresponding delay time.
3. A coherent wind lidar according to claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to:
determining the interval time between laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and a fixed sequence;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
4. A coherent wind lidar according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to:
determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
5. A coherent wind lidar according to claim 1, wherein the lidar further comprises a circulator, a telescope, a fiber coupler, and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
6. A measurement method of a coherent wind lidar is applied to a processor and comprises the following steps:
acquiring an echo pulse train signal; the echo pulse train signal is a corresponding echo signal received after the laser receiving and transmitting system sends the laser pulse train; the laser pulse train is a laser pulse train which is emitted by a laser through modulating a laser in a laser transceiving system by a pulse width modulator; the laser pulse train comprises at least two laser pulses arranged along a fixed sequence, the laser pulses corresponding to at least two different pulse widths;
decoding the echo pulse train signals according to the fixed sequence to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width;
and carrying out inversion operation on the data to be processed to obtain the atmospheric parameters of the distance resolution corresponding to each pulse width.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein there is a corresponding delay time interval between adjacent laser pulses in the laser pulse train.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the decoding the echo burst signal according to the fixed order to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width comprises:
determining the interval time between laser pulses with the same pulse width according to the width of the laser pulses, the delay time and a fixed sequence;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal based on the interval time and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the decoding the echo burst signal according to the fixed order to obtain the data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width comprises:
determining the pulse width corresponding to each laser pulse in the laser pulse train by combining the fixed sequence according to the rising edge of the echo pulse train signal;
and extracting laser pulses corresponding to the same pulse width from the echo pulse train signal and processing the laser pulses to obtain data to be processed corresponding to the pulse width.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the laser transceiver system further comprises a circulator, a telescope, a fiber coupler, and a detector; the first end of the circulator and one input end of the optical fiber coupler are connected with the output end of the laser, the second end of the circulator is connected with the telescope, the third end of the circulator is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber coupler, the output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the detector, the detector is connected with the processor, and the detector is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
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