CN113984901A - Method for detecting watermelon maturity by using sound signal of smart phone - Google Patents
Method for detecting watermelon maturity by using sound signal of smart phone Download PDFInfo
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- CN113984901A CN113984901A CN202111151898.9A CN202111151898A CN113984901A CN 113984901 A CN113984901 A CN 113984901A CN 202111151898 A CN202111151898 A CN 202111151898A CN 113984901 A CN113984901 A CN 113984901A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/46—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting watermelon maturity by using an acoustic signal of a smart phone, which comprises the following steps: the mobile phone comprises mobile phone APP software, a microphone and a motion sensor, wherein the microphone and the motion sensor are arranged in the mobile phone; cell-phone APP software, microphone and motion sensor cooperate the application between, detect the watermelon maturity. The mobile phone intelligent identification device is reasonable in design and convenient to operate, and can quickly, nondestructively and accurately identify the maturity degree of the watermelon through the mobile phone APP software, the microphone and the motion sensor, so that time is saved for a user, and the user is helped to purchase the mature watermelon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of watermelon maturity detection, in particular to a method for detecting watermelon maturity by using an acoustic signal of a smart phone.
Background
The watermelon is a common fruit in summer, and has the characteristics of fresh, sweet and moist taste, summer heat reduction and thirst quenching. It also has the reputation of "the king of fruit in midsummer", not only is delicious, but also has very high nutritive value. The watermelon does not contain fat and cholesterol, is rich in high-quality glucose, protein amino acid, lycopene, malic acid, fructose, vitamin C and other nutrient substances, and has the effects of promoting urination, removing edema, whitening skin, beautifying, lowering blood pressure and the like when being eaten frequently in a proper amount.
The watermelon has relatively complete peel, and whether the watermelon is ripe or not is difficult to judge from the appearance. Ripe watermelon and unripe watermelon also differ greatly in taste. In the aspect of judging the maturity of the watermelon, a lot of practical experience is widely spread. For example, the texture of the surface of the watermelon is observed, the shape and the size of the pedicel of the watermelon are measured, the depth of the navel of the watermelon is observed, the color of the back of the watermelon is identified, and the like. However, more people can tap the watermelon by hands when picking the watermelon, and the quality of the watermelon can be distinguished by sound. These methods all depend on subjective factors such as personal experience, and are especially difficult for consumers to master, and often need to be selected in comparison. Therefore, it is a great benefit to both the seller and the consumer how to conveniently and quickly test the watermelons and objectively and digitally evaluate the maturity level of each watermelon.
The watermelon is composed of peel and pulp. The melon peels are relatively strong and dense, and the difference between the mature melon peels and the immature melon peels is not large from the aspect of botany. The pulp is mainly an edible part, and the moisture content is slowly increased and the sugar content is slowly increased from inside to outside along with the increase of the maturity. Intercellular binding of the inner pulp tissue decreases with maturation. Therefore, the melon flesh becomes loose and crisp, which is commonly called "sand flesh". Therefore, the maturity of the watermelon can be judged by detecting the water content or the crispness degree of the watermelon pulp.
The existing watermelon detection methods on the market at present are divided into the following methods:
1. experience-based detection: observing the texture of the surface of the watermelon, measuring the shape and size of the pedicel of the watermelon, observing the depth of the navel of the watermelon, identifying the color of the back of the watermelon and the like.
2. Examination based on manual tapping: the watermelon quality can be distinguished by beating with hands and sound.
3. Destructive detection by probe or nick.
4. The quality of the watermelon is identified by measuring the characteristics of sound waves generated by impact vibration through an impact device.
5. The technology of infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance to test the maturity of watermelon is also studied abroad.
The method either needs special expensive large-scale equipment or depends on subjective judgment of personal experience, and some methods even need to destroy the integrity of the watermelon, so that the detection result has no value, the secondary sale of the watermelon is influenced, and the popularization value is not high.
The vegetative growth characteristics of the watermelon make it possible to analyze the characteristics of sound waves generated by impact vibration through knocking. However, the analysis requires special large-scale equipment or is completely judged by human ears and subjective experience, and the error is large. Therefore, a method for detecting the watermelon maturity by using the sound signal of the smart phone is urgently needed to be designed to detect the watermelon rapidly and losslessly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the maturity of watermelons by using sound signals of a smart phone.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following:
a method for detecting watermelon maturity by utilizing an acoustic signal of a smart phone comprises the following steps: the mobile phone comprises mobile phone APP software, a microphone and a motion sensor, wherein the microphone and the motion sensor are arranged in the mobile phone; the mobile phone APP software, the microphone and the motion sensor are matched and applied; the specific detection steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a microphone of the smart phone as a knocking point of the mobile phone on the watermelon;
step two: selecting the position with the largest diameter of the watermelon as a knocked point of the watermelon, and knocking vertically;
step three: lightly knocking the watermelon 10 cm away from the maximum diameter position of the watermelon;
step four: the watermelon is kept still after being knocked and does not bounce off the surface of the watermelon;
step five: the method comprises the following steps that a mobile phone APP monitors a motion sensor built in a mobile phone in real time, and when a preset vibration detection threshold appears, recording is started;
step six: the audio digital processing algorithm of the mobile phone APP analyzes the audio data and calculates the audio test maturity of the watermelon;
step seven: selecting different knocked watermelon points, and repeating the steps from one step to six;
step eight: averaging the watermelon ripeness measured for multiple times, and giving an average audio test ripeness indication;
step nine: inputting the quality of the watermelon manually;
step ten: and (4) substituting the average audio maturity and watermelon quality of the watermelon by using a normalization formula, and giving a final weighted watermelon maturity indication.
Preferably, the mobile phone in the third step recommends holding the mobile phone by hand and falling freely without using too much strength to damage the watermelon.
Preferably, the amplitude of the sound wave of the watermelon reaches the maximum at the moment of being struck, and then is attenuated sharply. Compared with waveforms of immature melons, ripe melons and over-ripe melons, the sound wave duration of over-ripe fruits is slightly longer than that of the immature fruits; therefore, the digital analysis of the watermelon maturity can be carried out by measuring the echo length through an audio maturity algorithm; the algorithm is as follows:
(1) recording the average loudness per millisecond s (t);
(2) maximum recorded loudness point T1 and maximum loudness value Smax;
(3) a time point T2 when S ═ Smax/4 is recorded;
(4) T2-T1 is the echo duration;
(5) and calculating the maturity according to time.
Preferably, the maturity of the watermelon is measured by detecting the symmetry of the echo waveform according to the sound wave waveform generated by knocking the watermelon by the microphone of the mobile phone, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) calculating the peak value SP (t) of each echo oscillation within 300 milliseconds;
(2) recording the time point T of each oscillation peak value;
(3) calculating the difference SP (t) -SP (t-1) between the front peak value and the rear peak value;
(4) summing all the difference values;
(5) the smaller the sum of the differences, the higher the maturity of the watermelon.
Preferably, the maturity is calculated by using the natural vibration frequency of the echo generated by knocking watermelon by the microphone of the mobile phone, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) intercepting 300 milliseconds of audio data;
(2) the mobile phone APP utilizes the data to perform Fourier transformation through software;
(3) searching for the maximum peak value of the frequency domain, and recording the frequency point F1 of the maximum value at the time;
(4) and calculating the maturity of the watermelon according to the frequency point F1.
The invention has the following advantages:
the mobile phone intelligent identification device is reasonable in design and convenient to operate, and can quickly, nondestructively and accurately identify the maturity degree of the watermelon through the mobile phone APP software, the microphone and the motion sensor, so that time is saved for a user, and the user is helped to purchase the mature watermelon.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting watermelon ripeness using a smartphone acoustic signal in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of sound waves of immature melon a, mature melon B and mature melon C of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the sound wave waveform diagrams of the immature melon a, the mature melon B and the mature melon C onto the frequency domain.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for detecting watermelon ripeness by using sound signals of a smart phone includes: the mobile phone comprises mobile phone APP software, a microphone and a motion sensor, wherein the microphone and the motion sensor are arranged in the mobile phone; the mobile phone APP software, the microphone and the motion sensor are matched and applied; the specific detection steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a microphone of the smart phone as a knocking point of the mobile phone on the watermelon;
step two: selecting the position with the largest diameter of the watermelon as a knocked point of the watermelon, and knocking vertically;
step three: lightly knocking the watermelon 10 cm away from the maximum diameter position of the watermelon;
step four: the watermelon is kept still after being knocked and does not bounce off the surface of the watermelon;
step five: the method comprises the following steps that a mobile phone APP monitors a motion sensor built in a mobile phone in real time, and when a preset vibration detection threshold appears, recording is started;
step six: the audio digital processing algorithm of the mobile phone APP analyzes the audio data and calculates the audio test maturity of the watermelon;
step seven: selecting different knocked watermelon points, and repeating the steps from one step to six;
step eight: averaging the watermelon ripeness measured for multiple times, and giving an average audio test ripeness indication;
step nine: inputting the quality of the watermelon manually;
step ten: and (4) substituting the average audio maturity and watermelon quality of the watermelon by using a normalization formula, and giving a final weighted watermelon maturity indication.
Furthermore, the mobile phone in the third step suggests holding the mobile phone by hand, and falling freely without using too much strength to avoid damaging the watermelon.
As shown in figure 2, in the ripening process of watermelon, under the action of cellulase, cellulose in watermelon fruits is degraded, and some cells even break away from a cellulose knitted net to form dispersed cells, so that the ripe watermelon has a 'sandy' taste. This change in form affects the variation in the sustained vibration during tapping. The concrete expression is that the echo after knocking becomes longer. The amplitude of the sound wave of the watermelon reaches the maximum at the moment of being struck, and then the sound wave is attenuated sharply. Compared with waveforms of immature melons, ripe melons and over-ripe melons, the sound wave duration of over-ripe fruits is slightly longer than that of the immature fruits; this difference is in hundreds or even tens of milliseconds, and the small difference is indistinguishable by the human ear. Therefore, the digital analysis of the watermelon maturity can be carried out by measuring the waveform of the echo through an audio maturity algorithm; the algorithm is as follows; the algorithm is as follows:
(1) recording the average loudness per millisecond s (t);
(2) maximum recorded loudness point T1 and maximum loudness value Smax;
(3) a time point T2 when S ═ Smax/4 is recorded;
(4) T2-T1 is the echo duration;
(5) and calculating the maturity according to time.
As shown in FIG. 2, by carefully observing the waveform of the above-mentioned reverberation, it can be found that the sound wave amplitude of the immature watermelon reaches the maximum at the moment of being struck, and then the immature watermelon is sharply attenuated to form an irregular attenuation waveform. After the maximum amplitude of the mature fruit appears, the waveform of the mature fruit is vertically symmetrical and shows regular attenuation.
This finding can also be explained by the plant, the pulp being organized. Watermelon is a cucurbitaceae plant which has the characteristic that 3 carpels are generally arranged, and the 3 carpels are not completely closed but combined with each other. Thus, the ovule is present at the junction of the 3 carpels, the so-called "lateral membrane placenta". As the ovary develops, a part of the peel and most of the placenta of the watermelon gradually expand, and succulent and loose cell tissues are generated, namely the watermelon pulp eaten by people. In the immature state, the three ovaries are not synchronously developed, so that the moisture content and the looseness of the three ovaries are different, and the echo is also characterized by asymmetry. Therefore, the maturity of watermelon can be measured by detecting the symmetry of echo, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) calculating the peak value SP (t) of each echo oscillation within 300 milliseconds;
(2) recording the time point T of each oscillation peak value;
(3) calculating the difference SP (t) -SP (t-1) between the front peak value and the rear peak value;
(4) summing all the difference values;
(5) the smaller the sum of the differences, the higher the maturity of the watermelon.
As shown in FIG. 3, as mentioned above, the ripening of watermelon is a process of changing the flesh of watermelon to "sand" and increasing the water content, and the vibration frequency of watermelon to knocking is also gradually increased. Namely the process of changing knocking sound from clattering noise to ratching noise. However, this gap is small, on the order of tens of Hz, and such small differences are difficult to distinguish by untrained human ears. The invention adopts Fourier transform (FFT) to transform the audio data in the time domain to the frequency domain for intuitive judgment, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) intercepting 300 milliseconds of audio data;
(2) the mobile phone APP utilizes the data to perform Fourier transformation through software;
(3) searching for the maximum peak value of the frequency domain, and recording the frequency point F1 of the maximum value at the time;
(4) and calculating the maturity of the watermelon according to the frequency point F1.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting watermelon maturity by using sound signals of a smart phone is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mobile phone comprises mobile phone APP software, a microphone and a motion sensor, wherein the microphone and the motion sensor are arranged in the mobile phone; the mobile phone APP software, the microphone and the motion sensor are matched and applied; the specific detection steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a microphone of the smart phone as a knocking point of the mobile phone on the watermelon;
step two: selecting the position with the largest diameter of the watermelon as a knocked point of the watermelon, and knocking vertically;
step three: lightly knocking the watermelon 10 cm away from the maximum diameter position of the watermelon;
step four: the watermelon is kept still after being knocked and does not bounce off the surface of the watermelon;
step five: the method comprises the following steps that a mobile phone APP monitors a motion sensor built in a mobile phone in real time, and when a preset vibration detection threshold appears, recording is started;
step six: the audio digital processing algorithm of the mobile phone APP analyzes the audio data and calculates the audio test maturity of the watermelon;
step seven: selecting different knocked watermelon points, and repeating the steps from one step to six;
step eight: averaging the watermelon ripeness measured for multiple times, and giving an average audio test ripeness indication;
step nine: inputting the quality of the watermelon manually;
step ten: and (4) substituting the average audio maturity and watermelon quality of the watermelon by using a normalization formula, and giving a final weighted watermelon maturity indication.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile phone in step three suggests holding the mobile phone with hands, dropping freely, without using too much force to damage the watermelon.
3. The method for detecting the ripeness of the watermelon by using the sound signal of the smart phone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the sound wave of the watermelon reaches the maximum at the moment of being struck, and then is attenuated sharply. Compared with waveforms of immature melons, ripe melons and over-ripe melons, the sound wave duration of over-ripe fruits is slightly longer than that of the immature fruits; therefore, the digital analysis of the watermelon maturity can be carried out by measuring the echo length through an audio maturity algorithm; the algorithm is as follows:
(1) recording the average loudness per millisecond s (t);
(2) maximum recorded loudness point T1 and maximum loudness value Smax;
(3) a time point T2 when S ═ Smax/4 is recorded;
(4) T2-T1 is the echo duration;
(5) and calculating the maturity according to time.
4. The method for detecting the ripeness of the watermelon by using the sound signal of the smart phone as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ripeness of the watermelon is measured by the sound wave waveform generated by knocking the watermelon by the microphone of the smart phone and detecting the symmetry of the echo waveform, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) calculating the peak value SP (t) of each echo oscillation within 300 milliseconds;
(2) recording the time point T of each oscillation peak value;
(3) calculating the difference SP (t) -SP (t-1) between the front peak value and the rear peak value;
(4) summing all the difference values;
(5) the smaller the sum of the differences, the higher the maturity of the watermelon.
5. The method for detecting the ripeness of the watermelon by using the sound signal of the smart phone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ripeness is calculated by using the natural vibration frequency of the echo generated by knocking the watermelon by the microphone of the smart phone, and the algorithm is as follows:
(1) intercepting 300 milliseconds of audio data;
(2) the mobile phone APP utilizes the data to perform Fourier transformation through software;
(3) searching for the maximum peak value of the frequency domain, and recording the frequency point F1 of the maximum value at the time;
(4) and calculating the maturity of the watermelon according to the frequency point F1.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114740091A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南大学 | Watermelon maturity detection method and system based on acoustic analysis and machine learning |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114740091A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南大学 | Watermelon maturity detection method and system based on acoustic analysis and machine learning |
| CN114740091B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-06 | 湖南大学 | Watermelon maturity detection method and system based on acoustic analysis and machine learning |
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Application publication date: 20220128 |