CN1139829C - Cable having substantially gastight metal tube receiving at least one optical conductor and hydrogen-absorbent substance - Google Patents
Cable having substantially gastight metal tube receiving at least one optical conductor and hydrogen-absorbent substance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1139829C CN1139829C CNB991027132A CN99102713A CN1139829C CN 1139829 C CN1139829 C CN 1139829C CN B991027132 A CNB991027132 A CN B991027132A CN 99102713 A CN99102713 A CN 99102713A CN 1139829 C CN1139829 C CN 1139829C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- hydrogen
- catalyst material
- layer
- absorbent substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G15/00—Cable fittings
- H02G15/20—Cable fittings for cables filled with or surrounded by gas or oil
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44382—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising hydrogen absorbing materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
- G02B6/4488—Protective covering using metallic tubes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cable having a substantially gastight metal tube receiving at least one optical conductor and a hydrogen-absorbent substance. The inside face of the tube is covered with a layer of a catalyst substance such as nickel or chromium for catalyzing the reaction whereby the hydrogen-absorbent substance absorbs hydrogen. Said layer is itself covered with at least one layer of hydrogen-absorbent substance which constitutes a filler material for filling the tube, or which merely forms a layer deposited on the layer of catalyst substance.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of have hold one or the cable of the airtight substantially metal tube of many photoconductions and hydrogen-absorbent substance.
Photoconduction is generally used for the telecommunication field.In general, the optical fiber of quartz substrate transmits data with optical mode near 1300nm or 1550nm wavelength.Every optical fiber is all by the polymer material layer protection, and the polymkeric substance of this protective seam other dyeing more commonly used covers.
Can be with the synthetic fibre ribbon of one group of optical fibre set.In the case, the material of fibre ribbon also is a polymkeric substance.
Simple optical fiber or fibre ribbon are placed in metal tube or the plastic tube.
Be well known that because gas can reduce the transport property of optical fiber and may reduce its mechanical property, optical fiber can not be exposed in the hydrogen environment.The partial hydrogen that optical fiber bore is high more, and this reduction amplitude is big more.
Hydrogen is mainly derived from the decomposition that constitutes the obducent polymkeric substance of optical fiber and optical fibre set is synthesized the material of fibre ribbon.It also may derive from the decomposition of filling material, and these filling materials generally are placed in the pipe, with the optical fiber in the holding tube and prevent that it from making moist owing to pipe in the transportation is punctured or degrades.
This decomposition meeting is because of aging naturally-occurring.
When making pipe with plastics, the gas penetration potential of this material can make hydrogen disperse.When pipe was made by metal material or some other pore-free material, hydrogen suffered restraints and stays in the pipe, and the optical characteristics of optical fiber will reduce therefore and gradually.
In order to address this problem, a solution comprises: adopt the corrosion of pipe to avoid hydrogen to generate of stainless steel; With the packing material that provides hydrogen absorption characteristic.For example, packing material can be a polymkeric substance, is mixed with the unsaturated polymer of catalyzer (as palladium) especially usually.
The potpourri that stainless steel and this polymkeric substance and catalyzer form belongs to expensive material.
The present invention has remedied this shortcoming.Can omit stainless steel and this mixture of polymers.
In the present invention, at least in part, preferably substantially fully, the special-purpose catalyst material of being convenient to absorption of hydrogen with one deck covers the inside surface of cable metal tube, and described this one deck itself at least in part and is preferably covered by one deck hydrogen-absorbent substance at least basically fully.In one embodiment, this hydrogen-absorbent substance constitutes packing material.In another embodiment, hydrogen-absorbent substance only forms the material that one deck contacts with catalyzer.
From the present invention as seen, do not need with catalyzer be generally organic hydrogen-absorbing material and mix mutually, get final product and only need to make catalyzer to contact with hydrogen-absorbent substance, optimal position is the inside surface of pipe.In principle, adopt such structure, its catalytic effect is little when mixing with packing material than catalyzer, because adopt the present invention, the specific surface area the when specific surface area of catalyst that contacts with hydrogen-absorbent substance mixes with packing material less than catalyzer.But have been found that: although there is this shortcoming to inhale the hydrogen effect still is gratifying.
But, can improve and the hydrogen-absorbent substance contacted specific surface area, promptly improve the effectiveness of catalyzer by the roughness on selecting catalyst surface.For example can be by on pellet type catalyst, spraying, or, make it possess surfaceness by on the surface of catalyzer, providing groove especially microscler groove.
Pipe can be made by the metal tape that inside surface is covered with catalyst material, and this band is carried out moulding to make the shape of pipe; Photoconduction and filling material are put into after the pipe of moulding, welded together with the longitudinal edge that is about to metal tape.
In a kind of mode of modification, this edge is not welded together, but a longitudinal edge of this metal tape is contacted with another longitudinal edge, two edges is sticked together again.When hydrogen-absorbent substance forms a layer that contacts with catalyzer, can realize bonding by the described layer that for example constitutes by multipolymer.Adopt this variant, weaker during than welding of the impermeability of pipe.But, this leakage deficiency so that hydrogen overflow voluntarily, so hydrogen-absorbent substance need be set.But in the case, the absorption of hydrogen need not orthicon be under the airtight situation the same effectively.
Catalyzer preferably is chosen as the material that can make metal tube avoid corroding.Thus, needn't adopt stainless steel material.Can also use and cover the outside surface of its inside surface identical materials covering pipe.
According to a kind of embodiment, metal tube contains steel (especially mild carbon steel), and the overlayer on the inner surface of tube contains nickel and/or chromium, and this layer has catalyzer concurrently and be used to protect steel to avoid the combination function of the protective seam that corrodes.In the case, preferably two sides (interior and outer) nickel plating and/or chromium plating is avoided corrosion with the general protection pipe.
For instance, hydrogen-absorbent substance can comprise and being selected from by ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester (EVA) or one group of polymkeric substance being made up of ethylene-propylene vinyl acetate (EEA).For example, preferably can select merchant steel as the metal of making pipe, especially be covered with the mild carbon steel of a metal level (as nickel and/or chromium), and metal level itself is covered with one layer of polymeric, as EVA and/or EEA, preferably can adopt the polymeric layer that pipe is bonded together when moulding.
Hydrogen-absorbent substance comprises organic material, they preferably have two keys (diolefin) of in the presence of catalyzer, opening and two keys of opening easily in conjunction with the polymkeric substance of hydrogen.The advantage of this base polymer is not exist because of hydrogen changes into water to bring the gathering of water in cable, especially under cable is essentially airtight situation, so optical fiber exists the possibility that occurs fatigue less because of water.As an example, packing material can be a base material with silicone or polyolefin, and in the latter case, it is polybutadiene or polyglycol or both combinations.
When hydrogen-absorbent substance is matrix with the polymkeric substance, at least a platinum metal, promptly the element of the 4th, 5 and 6 cycle group VIIIs can be used as catalyzer on the periodic table of elements, except nickel, preferably cobalt, palladium and chromium.
The particular of Miao Shuing will make other features and advantages of the present invention more for clear, wherein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a kind of modification of cable of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of explanation cable fabrication method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a synoptic diagram of making the used strip of the another kind of modification of cable of the present invention.
Cable shown in Figure 1 comprises the multifiber 10,12,14,16 and 18 that places in the low carbon steel pipe 20, and the inside surface of this pipe is covered with one deck nickel and/or chromium 22.Its thickness is unimportant.But because actual the manufacturing, the thickness of this catalyst layer preferably is at least 1 μ (micron).The outside surface of pipe 20 also is covered with a protective seam 24, and is nickel and/or chromium system.
The carbon content of regulating formation pipe 20 used steel is so that obtain such hardness: at first can make pipe deformation, as shown in Figure 2, next provides this class cable required intensity.
Filling packing material 30 in the pipe 20, optical fiber 10 to 18 is embedded in wherein.Water entered in the pipe when this packing material at first was used to prevent the leakage of pipe appearance accident, and next is used to constitute the material that absorbs hydrogen.Be covered with the nickel and/or the chromium of pipe 20 inside surfaces with the form of layer 22, constituted the catalyst for reaction that absorbs hydrogen by hydrogen-absorbent substance 30.
As an example, hydrogen-absorbent substance can be a matrix with silicone and polyolefin.In the latter case, it can be polybutadiene or polyglycol or both combinations.Usually, this packing material has two keys (diolefin) of opening in the presence of catalyzer, and easily on two keys of opening in conjunction with hydrogen.As this packing material, can be the unsaturated polymer of selecting by the unsaturated homopolymer that the following monomer of polymerization obtains: butadiene, pentadiene, dimethyl butadiene, and 2 chlorobutadiene.Also can select from the unsaturated copolymer that obtains by first monomer below the polymerization and second monomer and/or the 3rd monomer or terpolymer: first monomer is selected from butadiene, pentadiene, dimethyl butadiene, and 2 chlorobutadiene; The second and/or the 3rd monomer is selected from styrene, 4-vinylpridine and vinyl cyanide.Also can select by with the monomer-grafted unsaturated polymer that obtains on unsaturated homopolymer or unsaturated copolymer or the terpolymer, these monomers comprise at least one following unsaturated group: vinyl, allyl and their mixing; These monomers also comprise at least one unsaturated group after the grafting step.
When hydrogen-absorbent substance is base material with the silicone, can adopt organic compound corresponding to the saturated silicone type of following general formula:
In the formula, R can be identical or different with R ', represents alkyl, thiazolinyl or aryl; " with R can be identical or different to R, represents thiazolinyl; N is an integer.In following formula, can also from saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group and aromatic group, select R and R ', in the case, " and R is the unsaturated aliphatic group to R.
Hydrogen-absorbent substance can also be a matrix with metal oxide, as described in french patent application FR-A-2588388.
In order to make pipe shown in Figure 1, can carry out the process that hereinafter with reference Fig. 2 describes.
The mild-carbon steel strip 32 that all is coated with nickel and/or chromium with two sides forms pipe 20, and optical fiber roller 34,36,38 is arranged above it.Be with 32 on worktable 40, to be configured as pipe 20.Packing material is admitted in the pipe on shaping worktable 40.Filling device is in the drawings schematically with pipeline 42 representatives.
The downstream of shaping worktable 40 is provided with welding bench 44, as carries out electric welding and the heat weldable worktable of laser, so that after being with 32 shapings its longitudinal edge is welded together.
The downstream of welding bench 44 is provided with tube type and forges worktable 46.After this swaged forging worktable, will all finish cable fabrication.
In a kind of modification, hydrogen-absorbent substance forms a layer that is deposited upon on the catalyst layer.In the case, not main as prevent whether packing material itself that moisture transmits has hydrogen absorption characteristic in cable.In this modification, thereby can also utilize the adhesion characteristic that constitutes the material of inhaling the hydrogen layer to avoid the longitudinal edge of metal tape is welded together.In the case, the edge of band only needs overlapped getting final product.
Fig. 3 has represented that one is with 50, and it comprises metal tape itself 20 and the catalyzer nickel and/or the chromium layer 22 that are formed on the metal tape one side, and is deposited on the hydrogen-absorbent substance layer 52 on the catalyst layer 22.As an example, layer 52 can be made of polymkeric substance such as EVA and/or EEA, and advantage is that it is bonded together.
No matter adopt which kind of embodiment, its purpose all is to increase to greatest extent the specific surface area with the contacted catalyzer of hydrogen-absorbent substance.For this reason, catalyst layer 22 preferably has a coarse surface.For example, can pass through at metal surface injection nickel and/or chromium powder, or by slotting on catalyst layer, especially longitudinal fluting obtains roughness.
Claims (16)
1. one kind has airtight substantially metal tube and the cable that is at least one photoconduction in the described GT tube, it is characterized in that described cable comprises:
-cover the ground floor to the catalyst material of small part of the inboard of described metal tube;
-cover described ground floor and at least one second layer of the hydrogen-absorbent substance that contacts with described ground floor,
Wherein said catalyst material is used for catalysis makes hydrogen-absorbent substance absorb the chemical reaction of hydrogen.
2. according to the cable of claim 1, the wherein said first catalyst material layer is coarse.
3. according to the cable of claim 2, the wherein said first catalyst material layer is fluted.
4. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein said GT tube is useful on its uncorroded protective seam of protection to the small part outside surface, this layer consist essentially of with its inside surface on identical catalyst material.
5. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein hydrogen-absorbent substance comprises at least a polymkeric substance.
6. according to the cable of claim 5, wherein said polymkeric substance is from being selected from ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester and ethylene-acrylic acid vinyl ester copolymers.
7. according to the cable of claim 5, wherein said polymkeric substance has two keys of opening in the presence of described catalyst material, so that hydrogen is combined on two keys of opening.
8. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein said catalyst material comprises a kind of element of the 4th, 5 and 6 cycle group VIIIs on the periodic table of elements.
9. cable according to Claim 8, wherein said catalyst material comprises nickel or chromium.
10. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein said GT tube is a low carbon steel pipe.
11. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein said hydrogen-absorbent substance constitutes the packing material of described GT tube.
12. according to the cable of claim 1, wherein said hydrogen-absorbent substance only forms a second layer that is deposited upon on the catalyst material ground floor.
13. according to the cable of claim 12, wherein the hydrogen-absorbent substance second layer has adhesion characteristic.
14. method of making the cable of claim 11, wherein at first cover the inside surface of metal tape with catalyst material, metal tape is configured as the shape of pipe, go into optical conductor and packing material in that pipe is mid-, along the longitudinal edge welding of sheet metal strip, the pipe of the described shaping of swaged forging after welding is finished.
15. method of making the cable of claim 12 or 13, wherein at first cover the inside surface of metal tape with catalyst material, use hydrogen-absorbent substance covering catalyst material itself again, metal tape is configured as the shape of pipe, make the longitudinal edge of metal tape overlapped, bonding then overlapping edge.
16. according to the method for claim 15, wherein the hydrogen-absorbent substance layer is used for bonding.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9800770 | 1998-01-26 | ||
| FR9800770A FR2774183B1 (en) | 1998-01-26 | 1998-01-26 | SUBSTANTIALLY WATERPROOF TUBE CABLE HAVING AT LEAST ONE OPTICAL CONDUCTOR AND A HYDROGEN-ABSORBING PRODUCT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1238465A CN1238465A (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| CN1139829C true CN1139829C (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=9522137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991027132A Expired - Fee Related CN1139829C (en) | 1998-01-26 | 1999-01-26 | Cable having substantially gastight metal tube receiving at least one optical conductor and hydrogen-absorbent substance |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6614970B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0932063B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4744659B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19990068114A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1139829C (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9900168A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2258220A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69940935D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2774183B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO990331L (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9919399D0 (en) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-10-20 | Corning Communications Ltd | Electric conductors incorporating optical fibres |
| JP4368151B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2009-11-18 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Solar cell module |
| US7400803B2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2008-07-15 | Welldynamics, B.V. | Method and apparatus for providing a hydrogen diffusion barrier for fiber optic cables used in hostile environments |
| US7218820B2 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2007-05-15 | Welldynamics, Inc. | Method and system for providing a hydrogen diffusion barrier for fiber optic cables used in hostile environments |
| US6907170B1 (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2005-06-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Hydrogen diffusion delay barrier for fiber optic cables used in hostile environments |
| US7966724B2 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2011-06-28 | Nelson-Dunn, Inc. | Conduit assembly methods |
| WO2015167456A1 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Composite cables |
| CN106409405B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-06-22 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司宿迁供电分公司 | A kind of power equipment suitable for wet environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS54134449A (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1979-10-18 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd | Photoofiber submarine cable |
| US4504112A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1985-03-12 | Chevron Research Company | Hermetically sealed optical fiber |
| JPS6022315A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1985-02-04 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Apparatus for manufacturing thin film of three-dimensional structure |
| JPS6082156A (en) * | 1983-10-13 | 1985-05-10 | ドル−オリバ− インコ−ポレイテツド | Hydrocyclone |
| NO850581L (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1985-08-19 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | UNDERWATER CABLE |
| IT1176134B (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1987-08-12 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | OPTICAL FIBER CABLE EQUIPPED WITH PROTECTION AGAINST THE ABSORPTION OF GASEOUS HYDROGEN BY OPTICAL FIBERS |
| GB8412721D0 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1984-06-27 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Fibre optic cables |
| US4537665A (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1985-08-27 | Sprague Electric Company | Production of aluminum foil capacitor electrodes |
| GB8506497D0 (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1985-04-17 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Cables |
| IT1184428B (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1987-10-28 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | HYDROGEN ABSORBENT COMPOSITION FOR CABLES AND ELECTRIC CABLES, FIBER OPTIC CABLES AND THEIR INCORPORATING COMPONENTS SAID COMPOSITION |
| IT1186003B (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1987-11-18 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | ABSORBENT HYDROGEN MIXTURE AND HYDROGEN ABSORBENT MIXTURE FOR FIBER OPTIC CABLE |
| JPH01255812A (en) * | 1988-04-06 | 1989-10-12 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Submarine optical fiber cable |
| JPH0275657A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1990-03-15 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Polymer composition |
| JP3001117B2 (en) * | 1990-05-28 | 2000-01-24 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical cable and its manufacturing method |
| IT1246761B (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1994-11-26 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | OPTICAL FIBER CABLES AND RELATED COMPONENTS CONTAINING A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE TO PROTECT OPTICAL FIBERS FROM HYDROGEN AND RELATED HOMOGENEOUS BARRIER MIXTURE |
| US5111002A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1992-05-05 | Omega Engineering, Inc. | Method of fabricating thermocouple cable and the cable resulting therefrom |
| JP2700967B2 (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1998-01-21 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | Laminated sheath optical fiber cable and laminated sheath cable |
| IT1264902B1 (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1996-10-17 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | HYDROGEN-ABSORBENT COMPOSITION FOR FIBER OPTIC CABLES AND FIBER OPTIC CABLE INCLUDING THE ABOVE COMPOSITION |
| FR2723645B1 (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1996-09-13 | Alcatel Cable | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A REINFORCED OPTICAL FIBER CABLE, DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THIS PROCESS AND CABLE OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
| IT1272844B (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1997-06-30 | Pirelli Cavi Spa | OPTICAL CABLE PROTECTED AGAINST HUMIDITY |
| JPH08313767A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Heat resistant optical fiber |
| FR2737018B1 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-08-14 | Alcatel Submarcom | METHOD FOR THE CONTROLLED INJECTION OF A FILLING MATERIAL INTO A TUBE FOR PROTECTION OF OPTICAL FIBERS AND INSTALLATION FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| EP0759624A1 (en) * | 1995-08-19 | 1997-02-26 | Alcatel Kabel AG & Co. | Electrical telecommunications cable |
| JPH09145970A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1997-06-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Metallic tube type optical fiber unit |
| JPH10148717A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-06-02 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Metallic tube-containing optical fiber cable |
-
1998
- 1998-01-26 FR FR9800770A patent/FR2774183B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-01-18 DE DE69940935T patent/DE69940935D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-18 EP EP99400103A patent/EP0932063B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-21 CA CA002258220A patent/CA2258220A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-25 KR KR1019990002318A patent/KR19990068114A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-25 NO NO990331A patent/NO990331L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-25 JP JP01617499A patent/JP4744659B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-26 CN CNB991027132A patent/CN1139829C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-26 BR BR9900168-3A patent/BR9900168A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-26 US US09/237,237 patent/US6614970B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-07-03 US US10/611,946 patent/US7054529B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO990331D0 (en) | 1999-01-25 |
| FR2774183A1 (en) | 1999-07-30 |
| JP4744659B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| US7054529B2 (en) | 2006-05-30 |
| FR2774183B1 (en) | 2002-04-26 |
| JPH11264923A (en) | 1999-09-28 |
| NO990331L (en) | 1999-07-27 |
| EP0932063A2 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| CA2258220A1 (en) | 1999-07-26 |
| US20030007756A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
| EP0932063A3 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
| US6614970B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
| BR9900168A (en) | 2000-01-04 |
| EP0932063B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| US20040008440A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| DE69940935D1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| CN1238465A (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| KR19990068114A (en) | 1999-08-25 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20040225 Termination date: 20140126 |