CN113982805A - Start-up system and control method - Google Patents
Start-up system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113982805A CN113982805A CN202111345381.3A CN202111345381A CN113982805A CN 113982805 A CN113982805 A CN 113982805A CN 202111345381 A CN202111345381 A CN 202111345381A CN 113982805 A CN113982805 A CN 113982805A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B21/00—Engines characterised by air-storage chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/0022—Controlling intake air for diesel engines by throttle control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and discloses a starting system and a control method. The starting system comprises an engine, a generator, a control unit, an air storage tank, a suction pipeline and an electromagnetic valve. The generator can drive the engine to rotate. The engine includes a cylinder having an intake manifold, a piston, and a throttle valve disposed on the intake manifold. The two ends of the suction pipeline can be respectively communicated with the gas storage tank and the intake manifold, and the throttle valve and the suction pipeline are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of gas in the intake manifold. The solenoid valve is arranged on the suction pipeline. In the shutdown process, the throttle valve is closed, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the piston sucks air in the air storage tank through the air inlet manifold, and the pressure of the air storage tank is reduced. In the starting process, the pressure of the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure, the throttle valve is closed, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the air storage tank extracts air of the air inlet manifold, the compression counter force of the piston is reduced, the starting efficiency is improved, and the NVH performance of the engine is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a starting system and a control method.
Background
The hybrid vehicle has a series configuration hybrid with the engine and generator directly connected together through a torsional damper. In the starting process, the engine is ignited after the engine is dragged to a certain rotating speed by the output torque of the generator, then the torque of the generator is converted from positive torque to negative torque to generate electricity, and the electric power output by the generator is transmitted to the driving motor to complete the driving of the whole vehicle.
In the starting and dragging process, dragging resistance moment comes from the rotational inertia of a crankshaft, a torsional damper, a reduction gear and a generator rotor on one hand, and the compression reaction force of a piston in an engine on the other hand. At present, the actual air inflow in a cylinder in the dragging process can be reduced to a certain extent through the matching control of the intake and exhaust variable valve timing and the throttle valve, and further the compression reaction force of a piston is reduced. Because the intake and exhaust variable valve timing of the current engine is mostly in a hydraulic driving mode, the variable valve timing can hardly be controlled in the starting process, and therefore, the actual air intake quantity in a cylinder in the dragging process is difficult to be effectively reduced only through throttle control.
Therefore, a starting system and a control method are needed to reduce the compression reaction force of the piston, so as to improve the starting speed and the NVH performance of the engine.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a starting system for reducing the compression reaction force of a piston of an engine and the drag torque of a generator, and improving the starting speed and NVH performance of the engine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a starting system comprises an engine, a generator and a control unit, wherein the generator can drive the engine to rotate; the engine comprises a cylinder, a throttle valve and a piston, wherein the piston is arranged in the cylinder in a sliding mode, the cylinder is provided with an intake manifold, and the throttle valve is arranged on the intake manifold; the startup system further comprises:
a gas storage tank;
the two ends of the suction pipeline can be respectively communicated with the air storage tank and the intake manifold, and the throttle valve and the suction pipeline are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the gas in the intake manifold; and
the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the suction pipeline; the electromagnetic valve is configured to be capable of being opened when the engine is stopped and the throttle valve is closed, and closed when the opening time of the electromagnetic valve reaches a preset opening time or the rotating speed of the engine is zero; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the throttle valve is opened when the engine is started, the pressure in the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank, the throttle valve is closed and the rotating speed of the engine reaches a first preset rotating speed, and the throttle valve is closed when the control unit sends an oil injection instruction or the rotating speed of the engine reaches a second preset rotating speed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the valve can be always closed when the engine is started and the pressure in the air storage tank is greater than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank.
Further, the starting system further comprises:
and the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the cylinder and is used for measuring the rotating speed of the engine.
Further, the starting system further comprises:
the first pressure sensor is arranged on the intake manifold, and the throttle valve and the first pressure sensor are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of gas in the intake manifold;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on the air storage tank and used for measuring the pressure in the air storage tank; and
a third pressure sensor for measuring atmospheric pressure outside the lift system.
Further, twice the sum of the volume of the intake manifold between the throttle and the cylinder and the displacement of the engine is the volume of the air reservoir.
Further, when the pressure of the air storage tank is 1000hPa, the pressure of one end of the electromagnetic valve far away from the air storage tank is kept at 300hPa all the time, and the suction pipeline is configured to be capable of reducing the pressure of the air storage tank from 1000hPa to 500hPa within 0.4s when the electromagnetic valve is opened.
Further, the first preset rotating speed of the engine is 20 r/min-50 r/min, and the second preset rotating speed of the engine is 900 r/min-1100 r/min.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method of a starting system, so as to reduce the compression reaction force of a piston of an engine and the drag torque of a generator, and improve the starting speed and NVH performance of the engine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a control method of a starting system is applied to the starting system, and comprises the following steps:
when the engine is started, the generator is started and drives the engine to rotate, meanwhile, the control unit sends out a fuel cut-off instruction, and the throttle valve is closed;
judging whether the pressure in the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank or not;
if so, continuously judging whether the rotating speed of the engine reaches the first preset rotating speed or not;
if yes, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the air inlet manifold is communicated with the air storage tank, and the air storage tank and the piston jointly suck air in the air inlet manifold;
judging whether the control unit sends an oil injection instruction or not; or judging whether the rotating speed of the engine reaches the second preset rotating speed or not;
and if the control unit sends an oil injection instruction and/or the rotating speed of the engine reaches the second preset rotating speed, closing the electromagnetic valve.
Further, the control method of the starting system further comprises the following steps:
when the engine is stopped, the control unit sends out a fuel cut-off instruction, and the throttle valve is closed so as to reduce the pressure of the intake manifold;
the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the air inlet manifold is communicated with the air storage tank, so that the air inlet manifold sucks the air in the air storage tank;
judging whether the pressure in the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank or not;
if yes, closing the electromagnetic valve;
if not, continuously judging whether the pressure in the air inlet manifold is larger than the pressure in the air storage tank or not;
if yes, the generator drives the engine to rotate at a real-time rotating speed for a preset time, so that the pressure in the air inlet manifold is smaller than the pressure in the air storage tank;
if not, the electromagnetic valve is closed.
Further, when the engine is stopped, after the control unit issues a fuel cut instruction and the throttle valve is closed, before the electromagnetic valve is opened,
judging whether the minimum pressure value in the intake manifold is smaller than the pressure threshold value of the intake manifold;
if yes, the air inlet manifold is airtight;
if not, the air leakage of the air inlet manifold is avoided.
Further, after the engine is stopped, acquiring a first pressure value in the air storage tank; acquiring a second pressure value in the air storage tank before the engine is started; calculating whether the difference value of the second pressure value minus the first pressure value is larger than 50 hPa;
if yes, the air storage tank leaks air;
if not, the air storage tank does not leak air.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the starting system provided by the invention comprises an engine, a generator, a control unit, an air storage tank, a suction pipeline and an electromagnetic valve. During engine shutdown, the throttle is closed and the piston draws air from the intake manifold, causing the intake manifold pressure to drop. The electromagnetic valve is opened to enable the air storage tank to be communicated with the air inlet manifold, the piston sucks air in the air storage tank through the air inlet manifold, and the pressure of the air storage tank is reduced, so that the air storage tank has certain vacuum degree. In the starting process of the engine, the pressure of the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank, the throttle valve is closed, and when the rotating speed of the engine reaches a first preset rotating speed, the electromagnetic valve is opened so that the air storage tank is communicated with the air inlet manifold, the air storage tank and the piston jointly extract air of the air inlet manifold, the air extraction amount of the piston is reduced, the compression counter force of the piston is reduced, the dragging torque of the generator is favorably reduced, and the starting efficiency of the engine is improved. Meanwhile, the starting vibration of the engine can be reduced by reducing the compression reaction force of the piston, and the NVH performance of the engine is improved.
In the shutdown process, the pressure of the air storage tank is greater than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank, the electromagnetic valve is kept closed, and the starting of the engine is realized by increasing the output power of the generator.
According to the control method of the starting system, in the starting process of the engine, because the pressure of the air storage tank is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank, after the electromagnetic valve is opened, the air storage tank and the piston jointly extract the air of the air inlet manifold, so that the air extraction amount of the piston is reduced, the compression counter force of the piston is reduced, the dragging torque of the generator is favorably reduced, and the starting efficiency of the engine is improved. Meanwhile, the starting vibration of the engine can be reduced by reducing the compression reaction force of the piston, and the NVH performance of the engine is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a startup system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main flow chart of a control method of the startup system in the shutdown process according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a main flowchart of a control method of a startup system in a startup process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The component names and designations in the drawings are as follows:
1. an engine; 11. a cylinder; 111. an intake manifold; 112. an outlet manifold; 12. a throttle valve; 13. a piston; 14. a crankshaft; 15. a flywheel; 16. a rotational speed sensor; 171. a first pressure sensor; 172. a second pressure sensor; 173. a third pressure sensor; 18. a turbocharger; 19. a three-way catalyst;
2. a gas storage tank; 3. a suction line; 4. an electromagnetic valve; 5. a control unit; 51. an engine controller; 52. and (5) a vehicle control unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a starting system including an engine 1, a generator, and a control unit 5. The starting system is a starting system of a hybrid vehicle, and may be a starting system of a hybrid automobile, or a starting system of a hybrid passenger car, for example.
Specifically, the engine 1 includes a cylinder 11, a throttle valve 12, a piston 13, a crankshaft 14, and a flywheel 15, the cylinder 11 has an intake manifold 111 and an exhaust manifold 112 communicating with an inner cavity of the cylinder 11, and the throttle valve 12 is mounted on the intake manifold 111 for controlling an amount of air entering the intake manifold 111. The turbocharger 18 and the three-way catalyst 19 are mounted on the outlet manifold 112 in this order in the flow direction of air in the outlet manifold 112. The piston 13 is slidably disposed in the cylinder 11, and the piston 13 applies work by compressing air, thereby driving the crankshaft 14 and the flywheel 15 to rotate.
The control unit 5 of the present embodiment includes an engine controller 51 and a vehicle controller 52, and the vehicle controller 52 is connected to the engine controller 51 through a CAN bus. The engine controller 51 CAN transmit a rotation speed signal of the engine 1, a pressure signal of the intake manifold 111, an opening degree signal of the throttle valve 12, and the like to the vehicle control unit 52 through the CAN bus. The vehicle control unit 52 CAN transmit an oil injection enable signal of the engine 1, a generator output torque signal, and the like to the engine controller 51 through the CAN bus.
As shown in fig. 1, the starting system further includes a rotation speed sensor 16 and a pressure sensor, and the rotation speed sensor 16 is disposed on the cylinder 11. The rotation speed sensor 16 is used to measure the rotation speed of the engine 1. The rotation speed of the crankshaft 14 of the engine 1 is the rotation speed of the engine 1.
The pressure sensors of the present embodiment include a first pressure sensor 171, a second pressure sensor 172, and a third pressure sensor 173, and the first pressure sensor 171 is provided on the intake manifold 111 to measure the pressure value in the intake manifold 111 after the throttle valve 12 is closed. The throttle valve 12 and the first pressure sensor 171 are arranged in this order in the flow direction of the gas in the intake manifold 111. The second pressure sensor 172 is disposed on the air storage tank 2, and is configured to measure the pressure within the air storage tank 2. A third pressure sensor 173 is mounted on the engine controller 51 for measuring the atmospheric pressure outside the starting system.
Specifically, the rotation speed sensor 16, the first pressure sensor 171, and the third pressure sensor 173 are all communicatively connected to the engine controller 51 to transmit the rotation speed of the engine 1, the pressure value inside the intake manifold 111, and the starting-system external atmospheric pressure to the engine controller 51. The second pressure sensor 172 is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller 52 to transmit the pressure value in the air tank 2 to the vehicle controller 52.
In the present embodiment, the opening and closing of the throttle valve 12 is controlled by the control unit 5. Specifically, the engine controller 51 controls the opening degree of the throttle valve 12, and is able to transmit an opening degree signal of the throttle valve 12 to the vehicle control unit 52.
Further, the vehicle control unit 52 can send a fuel injection enable signal to the engine controller 51. When the fuel injection enable signal is 0, a fuel cut instruction is indicated. When the fuel injection enable signal is 1, a fuel injection command is indicated.
At present, the conventional starting process of the engine is as follows: the vehicle control unit 52 controls the generator to output positive torque to drag the crankshaft 14 of the engine 1 to rotate, when the engine 1 reaches a certain rotating speed, the torque of the generator is converted from the positive torque to negative torque to generate power, and the power output by the generator is transmitted to the driving motor to complete the driving of the vehicle. A throttle valve 12 in the engine 1 is opened, and a piston 13 sucks air in an intake manifold 111 and performs compression work in a cylinder 11 to rotate a crankshaft 14 and a flywheel 15. The exhaust gas is then discharged into the exhaust manifold 112, and after passing through the turbocharger 18, the exhaust gas is finally purified by the three-way catalyst 19 and discharged to the outside of the engine 1.
The drag torque of the engine 1 is derived from the rotational inertia of the relevant structure such as the crankshaft 14, and the compression reaction force of the piston 13. Although, the actual intake air amount of the cylinder 11 during the motoring process can be reduced to some extent by the cooperative control of the intake and exhaust variable valve timing and the throttle valve 12, and the compression reaction force of the piston 13 can be reduced. However, the intake and exhaust variable valve timing of the engine 1 is often hydraulically driven, and effective control cannot be achieved during starting. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively reduce the actual amount of intake air in the cylinder 11 during motoring simply by controlling the throttle valve 12.
Further, the compression reaction force of the piston 13 is a factor of vibration and noise of the engine 1, and an excessive compression reaction force also affects the NVH performance of the engine 1.
In order to solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 1, the starting system of the present embodiment further includes an air tank 2, a suction pipeline 3, and an electromagnetic valve 4. Both ends of the suction line 3 are capable of communicating with the gas tank 2 and the intake manifold 111, respectively, and the throttle valve 12 and the suction line 3 are arranged in order in the flow direction of the gas in the intake manifold 111. The electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged on the suction pipeline 3 to control the on-off of the suction pipeline 3. Specifically, the vehicle control unit 52 controls opening and closing of the solenoid valve 4. When the solenoid valve 4 is opened, the intake manifold 111 communicates with the air tank 2 through the suction line 3. When the solenoid valve 4 is closed, the intake manifold 111 is disconnected from the air tank 2.
The embodiment also discloses a control method of the starting system, which enables the air storage tank 2 to extract the air of the air inlet manifold 111 during the starting process of the engine 1 so as to reduce the air extraction amount of the piston 13, thereby reducing the compression reaction force of the piston 13 and improving the NVH performance of the engine 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the control method of the start-up system includes the following steps in the shutdown process:
when the engine 1 is stopped, the control unit 5 issues a fuel cut command and the throttle valve 12 is closed to drop the pressure of the intake manifold 111. The solenoid valve 4 is opened and the intake manifold 111 communicates with the air tanks 2 so that the intake manifold 111 sucks air in the air tanks 2.
It is judged whether the pressure within the air tank 2 is less than the maximum allowable pressure of the air tank 2.
If the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is closed.
If the pressure in the air tank 2 is greater than the maximum allowable pressure of the air tank 2, it is continuously determined whether the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is greater than the pressure in the air tank 2.
If the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is greater than the pressure in the air storage tank 2, the engine 1 is driven by the generator to rotate at a real-time rotation speed for a preset time, so that the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is less than the pressure in the air storage tank 2.
If the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is less than the pressure in the air reservoir 2, the solenoid valve 4 is closed.
As shown in fig. 3, the control method of the startup system includes the following steps in the startup process:
when the engine 1 is started, the generator is started and drives the engine 1 to rotate, meanwhile, the control unit 5 sends out a fuel cut instruction, and the throttle valve 12 is closed.
It is judged whether the pressure within the air tank 2 is less than the maximum allowable pressure of the air tank 2.
If the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is larger than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is always closed, and the starting of the engine 1 is realized by increasing the output power of the generator.
And if the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, continuously judging whether the rotating speed of the engine 1 reaches a first preset rotating speed.
If the rotation speed of the engine 1 reaches a first preset rotation speed, the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, and the intake manifold 111 is communicated with the air storage tank 2, so that the air storage tank 2 and the piston 13 jointly suck air in the intake manifold 111.
It is determined whether the control unit 5 issues an injection command. Alternatively, it is determined whether the rotation speed of the engine 1 reaches a second preset rotation speed.
If the control unit 5 issues an injection command and/or the rotational speed of the engine 1 reaches a second preset rotational speed, the solenoid valve 4 is closed.
The maximum allowable pressure (threshold value) of the air tank 2 is calculated by the following method: at the current atmospheric pressure, the maximum pressure value of the gas storage tank 2 is set as the current atmospheric pressure value, and the pressures of the gas storage tank 2 are sequentially reduced from large to small by a step length of 50 hPa. For example, the current atmospheric pressure is 1000hPa, the maximum pressure value of the air tank 2 is set to 1000hPa, then the pressure values of the air tank 2 are sequentially reduced from 1000hPa to 950hPa, 900hPa, and 850hPa … …, and a start-up test is performed, and the maximum pressure value of the air tank 2 that satisfies the NVH performance of the engine 1 during the start-up process is taken as the maximum allowable pressure of the air tank 2 at the current atmospheric pressure.
It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can adaptively quantify the NVH performance of the engine 1 according to design requirements, and the NVH performance is not limited in particular herein.
Therefore, the maximum allowable pressures of the air tank 2 in a plurality of different atmospheric pressure environments can be obtained by performing the above-described tests under different atmospheric pressures. And the maximum allowable pressures of the gas tanks 2 corresponding to different atmospheric pressure environments are output and stored as a table. When the starting system is used, the current atmospheric pressure value is directly consulted with the table to obtain the pressure value, and the method is convenient and quick.
For easy understanding, the control method of the starting system of the embodiment includes the following specific steps:
during the shutdown of the engine 1, the vehicle control unit 52 sets the fuel injection enable signal to 0, i.e., the fuel cut command, to the engine controller 51. The engine controller 51 controls the throttle valve 12 to close, and since the engine 1 is still rotating, so that the piston 13 will draw air from the intake manifold 111, the pressure in the intake manifold 111 will drop rapidly. After a closing signal of the throttle valve 12 is sent from the engine controller 51 to the vehicle control unit 52, the vehicle control unit 52 controls the solenoid valve 4 to open, the air storage tank 2 is communicated with the intake manifold 111, and the piston 13 draws air in the air storage tank 2 through the intake manifold 111, so that the pressure of the air storage tank 2 is rapidly reduced and has a certain vacuum degree.
In the process of extracting air from the air storage tank 2, whether the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2 is judged. When the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the vehicle control unit 52 controls the electromagnetic valve 4 to close. When the pressure within the air tank 2 is greater than the maximum allowable pressure of the air tank 2, it is determined whether the pressure within the intake manifold 111 is greater than the pressure within the air tank 2. When the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is lower than the pressure in the air storage tank 2, the vehicle control unit 52 controls the solenoid valve 4 to close. When the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is smaller than the pressure in the air tank 2, it is determined that the air-extracting time of the air tank 2 is insufficient, and it is necessary to lengthen the air-extracting time of the air tank 2.
Specifically, when the rotation speed of the engine 1 is lower than 700r/min, the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is larger than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the pressure difference value of the two is calculated, and the rotation speed maintaining time is obtained through the pressure difference value. It can be understood that the pressure difference value and the rotating speed maintaining time are in one-to-one correspondence and linear relation, and the larger the pressure difference value is, the longer the corresponding rotating speed maintaining time is. It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art can obtain the required rotation speed maintaining time under different pressure differences through multiple shutdown tests, and details are not described herein.
In the present embodiment, when it is determined that the air-extracting time of the air storage tank 2 is insufficient, the generator outputs positive torque to drive the engine 1 to rotate at the current real-time rotation speed for a preset time, which is the rotation speed maintaining time. Because the throttle valve 12 is completely closed, the longer the rotation speed of the engine 1 is maintained, the longer the time for the piston 13 to draw air in the air storage tank 2 through the intake manifold 111 is, so that the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is continuously reduced until the pressure in the intake manifold 111 is greater than the pressure in the air storage tank 2, the vehicle control unit 52 controls the electromagnetic valve 4 to be closed, and the air storage tank 2 maintains a low-pressure state to prepare for the next start-up of the engine 1.
It should be noted that, during the shutdown of the engine 1, the control unit 5 issues a fuel cut-off command, after the engine 1 receives the fuel cut-off command, if the throttle valve 12 is not closed completely at this time or there is a certain amount of air leakage in the intake manifold 111, the sealing effect thereof is deteriorated, so that the minimum pressure value of the intake manifold 111 during the fuel cut-off process will be increased, and after the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, the intake manifold 111 will not extract or reduce the air in the air tank 2, so that it is difficult for the air tank 2 to establish a pressure environment lower than that of the intake manifold 111. Therefore, it is also necessary to detect whether the intake manifold 111 is good in sealing performance during the stop of the engine 1.
Specifically, after the control unit 5 issues a fuel cut instruction and the throttle valve 12 is closed, before the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, it is determined whether the minimum pressure value in the intake manifold 111 is smaller than the pressure threshold value of the intake manifold 111. If the minimum pressure value in the intake manifold 111 is smaller than the pressure threshold value of the intake manifold 111, it indicates that the intake manifold 111 is airtight and has good sealing performance. If the minimum pressure value in the intake manifold 111 is greater than the pressure threshold value of the intake manifold 111, it indicates that the intake manifold 111 is air-leaking and the sealing performance is poor.
It should be noted that the threshold pressure of the intake manifold 111 is related to the ambient atmospheric pressure of the engine 1. One skilled in the art may experimentally obtain the pressure threshold of the intake manifold 111.
Specifically, the method of acquiring the pressure threshold value of the intake manifold 111 is: and selecting the throttle valve 12 and the intake manifold 111 with qualified quality, so that the throttle valve 12 can be completely closed, the intake manifold 111 is well sealed, and a shutdown test is performed under different ambient atmospheric pressures, so that the minimum pressure values of the intake manifold 111 under different ambient atmospheric pressures in the shutdown process are obtained, and the minimum pressure value plus 50hPa is used as a pressure threshold value of the intake manifold 111.
In order to ensure that the engine 1 can be smoothly started, whether the air storage tank 2 is good in sealing performance needs to be detected before the starting is carried out by using the starting system.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, after the engine 1 is stopped, a first pressure value within the air tank 2 is acquired. Before the engine 1 is started, a second pressure value in the air storage tank 2 is acquired. Calculating whether the difference value of the second pressure value minus the first pressure value is larger than 50 hPa. If the difference between the two is larger than 50hPa, the air storage tank 2 is leaked, and the sealing performance is poor. The vehicle control unit 52 records and stores the fault. If the difference between the two is less than 50hPa, the air storage tank 2 is airtight and has good sealing performance.
Because the air leakage degree of the air storage tank 2 is different, when the generator drives the engine 1 to rotate, the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is greater than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is kept closed, and the starting of the engine 1 is completed by improving the output power of the generator. When the generator drives the engine 1 to rotate, the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is still smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, the engine 1 is assisted by the air storage tank 2 to finish starting, and the NVH performance of the engine 1 is improved.
During the starting process of the engine 1, the vehicle control unit 52 controls the generator to start and drives the engine 1 to rotate. Meanwhile, the vehicle control unit 52 sends an oil injection enable signal 0, i.e., an oil cut command, to the engine controller 51. The engine controller 51 closes the throttle valve 12 upon receiving the fuel cut instruction. And judging whether the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2 or not, if the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, when the rotating speed of the engine 1 reaches a first preset rotating speed, the piston 13 starts to draw air from the air inlet manifold 111. The electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, and at the moment, the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is lower, so that the air storage tank 2 and the piston 13 jointly extract the air of the intake manifold 111, and the air extraction amount of the piston 13 is reduced. When the vehicle control unit 52 sends the fuel injection enable signal 1 (fuel injection command) to the engine controller 51 or the rotating speed of the engine 1 reaches a second preset rotating speed, the engine 1 finishes starting and the electromagnetic valve 4 is closed. If the pressure in the air storage tank 2 is larger than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank 2, the electromagnetic valve 4 is kept closed, and the starting of the engine 1 is completed by improving the output power of the generator.
It should be noted that the first preset rotation speed of the engine 1 is 20r/min to 50r/m/in, and the second preset rotation speed is 900r/min to 1100 r/min. For example, the first predetermined rotational speed may be 20r/min, 30r/min, 40r/min, or 50r/min, etc. The second preset rotating speed can be 900r/min, 1000r/min or 1100r/min and the like. The first preset rotation speed of the present embodiment is 20r/min, and the second preset rotation speed is 1000 r/min.
During the stop of the engine 1, the throttle valve 12 is closed, and the piston 13 draws air from the intake manifold 111, so that the pressure of the intake manifold 111 is reduced. The solenoid valve 4 is opened to communicate the air storage tank 2 with the intake manifold 111, the piston 13 sucks air in the air storage tank 2 through the intake manifold 111, and the pressure of the air storage tank 2 is reduced, so that the air storage tank 2 has a certain vacuum degree. When the engine 1 is started, the throttle valve 12 is closed, and the rotating speed of the engine 1 reaches a first preset rotating speed, the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, so that the air storage tank 2 is communicated with the air inlet manifold 111, the air storage tank 2 and the piston 13 jointly extract air of the air inlet manifold 111, and the air extraction amount of the piston 13 is reduced, so that the compression counter force of the piston 13 is reduced, the dragging torque of a generator is favorably reduced, and the starting efficiency of the engine 1 is improved.
Meanwhile, by reducing the compression reaction force of the piston 13, the engine-starting vibration of the engine 1 can be reduced, and the NVH performance of the engine 1 can be improved.
It should be noted that the pressure in the air tank 2 increases during each start-up, and the pressure in the air tank 2 decreases during the shutdown, so that the air in the intake manifold 111 is sucked during the next start-up, thereby reducing the compression reaction force of the piston 13. Therefore, each start must be successfully started, and stop control during the start is not allowed until the start is successful.
During the start-up of the engine 1, the air tank 2 can draw air in the intake manifold 111. Meanwhile, since the intake valve of the engine 1 is opened, the air tank 2 may draw a part of the air in the cylinder 11. Therefore, the volume of the air tank 2 is related to the volume of the intake manifold 111 and the displacement of the engine 1.
Specifically, twice the sum of the volume of the intake manifold 111 between the throttle valve 12 and the cylinder 11 and the displacement of the engine 1 is the volume of the air tank 2. The displacement of the engine 1 refers to the sum of the volumes of all the cylinders 11. For example, the volume of the portion of the intake manifold 111 between the throttle valve 12 and the intake valves of the cylinders 11 is 3L, the engine 1 has four cylinders 11, the volume of each cylinder 11 is 0.5L, the displacement of the engine 1 is 2L, and the volume of the air tank 2 is 10L.
In order to improve the engine starting efficiency, it is necessary to draw air in the intake manifold 111 into the air tank 2 as soon as possible after the solenoid valve 4 is opened during the engine starting of the engine 1. Therefore, the solenoid valve 4 and the suction pipeline 3 with specific specifications need to be selected so that the flow cross-sectional areas of the two can meet the use requirement.
The specific selection principle is as follows: when the volume of the air storage tank 2 is determined, the pressure of the air storage tank 2 is set to 1000hPa, and the pressure of one end of the electromagnetic valve 4 far away from the air storage tank 2 is always kept at 300 hPa. When the solenoid valve 4 is opened, the air in the air tank 2 can flow out through the solenoid valve 4 and the suction line 3, so that the pressure of the air tank 2 can be reduced from 1000hPa to 500hPa in 0.4 s. The minimum line cross-sectional area that satisfies this pumping speed is taken as the flow cross-sectional area of the suction line 3 and the electromagnetic valve 4.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A starting system comprises an engine (1), a generator and a control unit (5), wherein the generator can drive the engine (1) to rotate; the engine (1) comprises a cylinder (11), a throttle valve (12) and a piston (13), wherein the piston (13) is arranged in the cylinder (11) in a sliding mode, the cylinder (11) is provided with an intake manifold (111), and the throttle valve (12) is arranged on the intake manifold (111); characterized in that, the system of starting up still includes:
a gas tank (2);
a suction pipeline (3), wherein two ends of the suction pipeline (3) can be respectively communicated with the air storage tank (2) and the air inlet manifold (111), and the throttle valve (12) and the suction pipeline (3) are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the air in the air inlet manifold (111); and
an electromagnetic valve (4) arranged on the suction pipeline (3); the solenoid valve (4) is configured to be capable of opening when the engine (1) is stopped and the throttle valve (12) is closed, and closing when the opening time of the solenoid valve (4) reaches a preset opening time or the rotation speed of the engine (1) is zero; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the engine starting control device can start when the engine (1) starts, the pressure in the air storage tank (2) is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank (2), the throttle valve (12) is closed, the engine (1) is opened when the rotating speed reaches a first preset rotating speed, and the engine (1) is closed when the control unit (5) sends an oil injection command or the rotating speed of the engine (1) reaches a second preset rotating speed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the valve can be always closed when the engine (1) starts and the pressure in the air storage tank (2) is larger than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank (2).
2. The startup system according to claim 1, characterized in that the startup system further comprises:
a rotational speed sensor (16) arranged on the cylinder (11), the rotational speed sensor (16) being configured to measure a rotational speed of the engine (1).
3. The startup system according to claim 1, characterized in that the startup system further comprises:
a first pressure sensor (171) provided on the intake manifold (111), the throttle valve (12) and the first pressure sensor (171) being arranged in this order in a flow direction of gas in the intake manifold (111);
a second pressure sensor (172) disposed on the gas tank (2) for measuring a pressure within the gas tank (2); and
a third pressure sensor (173) for measuring atmospheric pressure outside the start-up system.
4. The starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that twice the sum of the volume of the intake manifold (111) between the throttle valve (12) and the cylinder (11) and the displacement of the engine (1) is the volume of the air tank (2).
5. The starting system according to claim 4, characterized in that when the pressure of the air tank (2) is 1000hPa, the pressure of the end of the solenoid valve (4) remote from the air tank (2) is always kept 300hPa, and the suction line (3) is configured to be able to reduce the pressure of the air tank (2) from 1000hPa to 500hPa within 0.4s when the solenoid valve (4) is open.
6. The starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that said first preset rotation speed of said engine (1) is comprised between 20r/min and 50r/min and said second preset rotation speed is comprised between 900r/min and 1100 r/min.
7. A control method of a starting system, applied to the starting system of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control method of the starting system comprises the steps of:
when the engine (1) is started, the generator is started and drives the engine (1) to rotate, meanwhile, the control unit (5) sends out an oil cut-off instruction, and the throttle valve (12) is closed;
judging whether the pressure in the air storage tank (2) is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank (2);
if yes, continuously judging whether the rotating speed of the engine (1) reaches the first preset rotating speed or not;
if yes, the electromagnetic valve (4) is opened, the intake manifold (111) is communicated with the air storage tank (2), so that the air storage tank (2) and the piston (13) jointly suck air in the intake manifold (111);
judging whether the control unit (5) sends an oil injection instruction or not; or judging whether the rotating speed of the engine (1) reaches the second preset rotating speed or not;
and if the control unit (5) sends an oil injection instruction and/or the rotating speed of the engine (1) reaches the second preset rotating speed, the electromagnetic valve (4) is closed.
8. The method of controlling a startup system according to claim 7, characterized in that the method of controlling a startup system further comprises the steps of:
when the engine (1) is stopped, the control unit (5) issues a fuel cut command, and the throttle valve (12) is closed to reduce the pressure of the intake manifold (111);
the electromagnetic valve (4) is opened, and the intake manifold (111) is communicated with the air storage tank (2) so that the intake manifold (111) sucks the air in the air storage tank (2);
judging whether the pressure in the air storage tank (2) is smaller than the maximum allowable pressure of the air storage tank (2);
if yes, the electromagnetic valve (4) is closed;
if not, continuously judging whether the pressure in the intake manifold (111) is larger than the pressure in the air storage tank (2);
if yes, the generator drives the engine (1) to rotate at a real-time rotating speed for a preset time, so that the pressure in the air inlet manifold (111) is smaller than the pressure in the air storage tank (2);
if not, the electromagnetic valve (4) is closed.
9. The control method of a startup system according to claim 8, characterized in that, when the engine (1) is stopped, after the control unit (5) issues a fuel cut command and the throttle valve (12) is closed, before the solenoid valve (4) is opened,
judging whether the minimum pressure value in the intake manifold (111) is smaller than a pressure threshold value of the intake manifold (111);
if yes, the air inlet manifold (111) is airtight;
if not, the air leakage of the intake manifold (111) is avoided.
10. The control method of the startup system according to claim 8,
acquiring a first pressure value in the air storage tank (2) after the engine (1) is shut down; acquiring a second pressure value in the air storage tank (2) before the engine (1) is started; calculating whether the difference value of the second pressure value minus the first pressure value is larger than 50 hPa;
if yes, the air storage tank (2) leaks air;
if not, the air storage tank (2) is airtight.
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| CN202111345381.3A CN113982805B (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Start-up system and control method |
| PCT/CN2022/120271 WO2023082845A1 (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2022-09-21 | Starting system and control method |
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| CN202111345381.3A CN113982805B (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Start-up system and control method |
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| WO2023082845A1 (en) | 2023-05-19 |
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