CN113982757A - Engine inlet air cooling system - Google Patents
Engine inlet air cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113982757A CN113982757A CN202111475059.2A CN202111475059A CN113982757A CN 113982757 A CN113982757 A CN 113982757A CN 202111475059 A CN202111475059 A CN 202111475059A CN 113982757 A CN113982757 A CN 113982757A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
- F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
- F02C7/143—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine inlet air cooling system, and particularly relates to the field of aerospace power. The utility model provides an engine inlet air cooling system, including the diffuser, heat exchanger and evaporimeter, the diffuser is the hollow shaft body of revolving, the diffuser includes equal straight section and expansion section, equal straight section is connected with the intake duct, expansion section and the coaxial setting of equal straight section, the heat exchanger includes the heat transfer room, cooling body and water conservancy diversion awl, the heat transfer room is hollow cylinder, the heat transfer room is connected with the expansion section, the evaporimeter includes the evaporation chamber and the sprayer of being connected with cooling body, the evaporation chamber is connected with the heat transfer room, cooling body is used for cooling the hot-air in the heat transfer room, the water conservancy diversion awl is installed and is close to one side of expansion section on cooling body, the sprayer is arranged in spouting into the hot-air with the coolant and accomplishes the evaporative cooling. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problem of cooling the inlet temperature of the engine, and can improve the working Mach number of the engine and maintain the stable operation of the engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerospace power, in particular to an engine inlet air cooling system.
Background
With the increase of the working Mach number of the aviation turbine engine, the total temperature of inlet air is continuously increased, which brings a series of problems of the working temperature overrun of the air compressor, the thermal cycle performance reduction and the like, limits the working envelope of the engine, and needs to take certain measures to increase the working Mach number of the turbine engine. The air precooling technology is widely researched in recent years, a precooling device is added in front of a traditional turbine engine to cool air at the inlet of an air compressor, so that the air temperature can be prevented from exceeding the working upper limit of the air compressor, the relative conversion rotating speed of the air compressor can be improved, the air inlet mass flow of the engine can be increased, the thrust can be increased, the aims of expanding the flight envelope and improving the performance of the engine can be achieved, and the power requirement of high-Mach number flight can be met. Existing aircraft turbine engines typically operate at Mach 2(Ma2), and may be operated at higher Mach numbers by cooling the inlet air.
In the prior art, the scheme for pre-cooling the air at the inlet of the engine mainly comprises a jet flow pre-cooling scheme and a heat exchange pre-cooling scheme. The jet precooling scheme mainly absorbs heat through evaporation of injected water to reduce the temperature, the injection device is simple in structure, the engine is not changed greatly, and the scheme is high in feasibility. When the working Mach number of the engine is higher, the injection amount of cooling water is too large, so that the oxygen content is obviously reduced, the combustion chamber is easy to extinguish, and at the moment, an oxidant is required to be injected simultaneously to improve the oxygen content in the air and improve the working stability of the combustion chamber. In the existing scheme, working media such as liquid oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and the like are injected while water is injected, and the liquid oxygen and the hydrogen peroxide are respectively injected for atomization and evaporation. Because the temperature of working media such as liquid oxygen is low, water vapor condensation can be caused. According to the heat exchange precooling scheme, a heat exchanger is arranged in front of an air compressor to cool incoming air, and the coolant is low-temperature working media such as low-temperature helium, liquid hydrogen, liquid methane and the like. This scheme does not change the air component, and the heat transfer is effectual, but the heat exchanger structure is complicated, and size and weight are great, and the air current loss is great, and the cryogenic coolant causes the heat exchange tube outer wall frosting easily, causes the jam to the passageway, further increases the air current loss. In addition, the heat exchange precooling scheme usually changes the original thermodynamic cycle of the engine, the engine needs to be adaptively modified, and meanwhile, the design requirements of high efficiency, low resistance and light weight of the heat exchanger make the processing and manufacturing process of the heat exchanger difficult, and key technology attack needs to be developed.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an engine inlet air cooling system that solves the above problems. The invention is supported by the foundation of the China aerodynamic research and development center and the leading-edge technical research fund PJD 20190219.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an engine inlet air cooling system, which solves the problem of cooling the temperature of an engine inlet.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an engine inlet air cooling system, includes diffuser, heat exchanger and evaporimeter, the diffuser is the hollow shaft body of revolving, the diffuser includes equal straight section and expansion section, equal straight section is connected with the intake duct, the expansion section sets up with equal straight section is coaxial, the heat exchanger includes heat transfer room, cooling body and water conservancy diversion awl, the heat transfer room is hollow cylinder, the one end and the expansion section of heat transfer room are connected, the evaporimeter includes the evaporating chamber and the sprayer of being connected with cooling body, the evaporating chamber is connected with the other end of heat transfer room, cooling body is used for cooling off the hot-air in the heat transfer room, the water conservancy diversion awl is installed on cooling body and is close to one side of expansion section, the sprayer is used for spouting the coolant and accomplishes the evaporative cooling in the hot-air.
Further, the cooling mechanism comprises a high-temperature cooling unit which is coaxial with the heat exchange chamber, and the high-temperature cooling unit is arranged in the heat exchange chamber; the high-temperature cooling unit comprises a first inlet pipe, an inlet ring pipe, a heat exchange group pipe, an outlet ring pipe and a first outlet pipe, wherein the first inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a first flowmeter, a first flow regulating valve and a coolant storage box which are positioned outside the flow guide cone and the expansion section, the coolant storage box is filled with coolant, and the coolant adopts water; the cooling device comprises an inlet ring pipe, an outlet ring pipe, a heat exchange group pipe, a plurality of first outlet pipes, an ejector and a cooling medium, wherein the inlet ring pipe is communicated with a first inlet pipe, a fixing rod is connected between the inlet ring pipe and the outlet ring pipe, one end of the heat exchange group pipe is communicated with the inlet ring pipe, the other end of the heat exchange group pipe is communicated with the outlet ring pipe, the first outlet pipes are annularly arranged on the outlet ring pipe, the first outlet pipes are jointly connected to the ejector, and the ejector is used for ejecting the cooling medium which completes the cooling effect.
Furthermore, the ejector comprises a water spraying ring and water spraying rods arranged on the water spraying ring, through holes connected with the outlet pipe are formed in the water spraying ring, four communicating pipes are circumferentially and equidistantly distributed in the water spraying ring, the water spraying rods are equidistantly communicated on the communicating pipes, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in each water spraying pipe.
Through the arrangement, the injection of the coolant is controlled by the coolant storage tank, the first flow regulating valve and the first flow meter according to the working parameters and the thrust requirement of the engine, so that the cooling of the air at the inlet of the engine is realized; the coolant absorbs heat and is heated to a high-temperature liquid phase state in a convection heat exchange stage, the temperature of the coolant is higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the air pressure, the viscosity and the surface tension of the coolant are reduced along with the increase of the temperature, and superheated liquid drops are subjected to flash evaporation due to the sudden pressure drop after the coolant is injected, so that the double enhancement effects of reducing the surface tension of the viscosity by increasing the temperature and promoting quick vaporization by the flash evaporation effect are realized, the spray particle size is remarkably reduced, the evaporation rate can be remarkably improved, the coolant flow is reduced, the evaporator size can be reduced by shortening the evaporation distance, the size and the weight of an engine are reduced, and the thrust-weight ratio of the engine is improved.
Further, cooling body still includes the low temperature cooling unit, low temperature cooling unit and the coaxial setting of heat transfer chamber, the low temperature cooling unit includes second inlet tube, spiral pipe and second outlet pipe, the second inlet tube is equipped with second flowmeter, second flow control valve and the oxidant storage tank that is located the heat transfer chamber outside last time, the oxidant is equipped with in the oxidant storage tank, the oxidant adopts liquid oxygen, the spiral pipe is connected between second inlet tube and second outlet pipe, second outlet pipe and sprayer intercommunication, the sprayer still communicates with first outlet pipe.
Further, the ejector adopts an internal mixing type nozzle.
Through the arrangement, according to the working parameters and the thrust requirement of the engine, the injection of the coolant is controlled by the coolant storage tank, the first flow regulating valve and the first flow meter, so that the cooling of the air at the inlet of the engine is realized, and the injection of the oxidant is controlled by the oxidant storage tank, the second flow regulating valve and the second flow meter, so that the oxygen content in the air can be regulated, the normal work of the engine is ensured, the flow of the engine is increased, and the thrust of the engine is improved; the coolant absorbs heat and is heated to a high-temperature liquid phase state in a convection heat exchange stage, the temperature of the coolant is higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the air pressure, the oxidant absorbs heat and vaporizes in the convection heat exchange stage, the coolant after absorbing heat and the oxidant are mixed in the ejector and then injected to form bubble atomization, the viscosity and the surface tension of the coolant are reduced along with the temperature rise, superheated liquid drops are subjected to flash evaporation in an overheated state entering due to sudden pressure drop after the coolant is injected, so that triple enhancement effects of reducing the viscous surface tension due to temperature rise and promoting rapid vaporization by bubble atomization and jet flow crushing and flash evaporation are realized, the spray particle size is greatly reduced, the evaporation rate can be remarkably improved, the coolant flow is reduced, the size and the weight of an evaporator can be reduced due to the reduction of the evaporation distance, the size and the weight of an engine are reduced, and the thrust-weight ratio of the engine is improved.
Furthermore, the heat exchange group pipe comprises an inlet collecting pipe, an outlet collecting pipe and a plurality of heat exchange pipes, the inlet collecting pipe is connected with the inlet ring pipe, the outlet collecting pipe is connected with the outlet ring pipe, and the plurality of heat exchange pipes are connected between the inlet collecting pipe and the outlet collecting pipe.
Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchange group pipes are distributed in a fish scale shape along the circumference, and the molded line of each heat exchange pipe adopts an Archimedes curve.
Through the arrangement, the radial distance between two adjacent rows of heat exchange tubes can be ensured to be equal.
Furthermore, the circumferential span of the heat exchange tube is 90-180 degrees, the outer diameter value is 0.5-2 mm, the wall thickness is 0.04-0.2 mm, the transverse distance s1 value is 1.5-3 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, the longitudinal distance s2 value is 1.2-2 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, the cross sections of the inlet collecting pipe and the outlet collecting pipe are both semicircular, and the diameter value is 2-6 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this scheme:
1. according to the scheme, water is used as a coolant, liquid oxygen is used as an oxidant, the water and the liquid oxygen respectively flow through a heat exchanger to carry out heat convection with air, then the injected air is injected to carry out evaporation and heat absorption, the total temperature of air at the inlet of the engine can be reduced to about 390K (the total temperature of the air when the existing engine works at the upper limit Ma2), the working of the air compressor is not over-temperature, the oxygen content in the air can be adjusted, and therefore the working envelope of the engine is expanded; the reduction of air temperature and the injection of coolant and oxidant can increase the flow of engine, so increasing the thrust of engine. A first flow regulating valve and a first flow meter are arranged on the first inlet pipe and used for regulating and monitoring the flow of the coolant, and a second flow regulating valve and a second flow meter are arranged on the second inlet pipe and used for regulating and monitoring the flow of the oxidant. According to the working parameters and the thrust requirement of the engine, the flow of the coolant and the oxidant is adjusted through the flow adjusting valve to meet the cooling requirement and the oxygen content requirement, so that the working requirement of the engine is met.
2. This scheme adopts the two-stage cooling scheme of convection heat transfer and efflux evaporation, and the coolant absorbs the heat in the convection heat transfer stage and heaies up to high temperature liquid phase state, does not take place the phase transition, and heat transfer power is less for heat exchanger size reduces greatly, and the flow loss and manufacturing degree of difficulty all are showing and are reducing. The high-temperature liquid coolant after heat absorption is sprayed into air in a jet evaporation stage, the viscosity and the surface tension of the high-temperature liquid coolant are reduced along with the temperature rise, the superheated liquid drops are subjected to flash evaporation after the coolant is sprayed, and the high-temperature liquid coolant enters an overheated state due to sudden pressure drop, so that double enhancement effects of reducing the viscosity surface tension due to the temperature rise and promoting quick evaporation due to the flash evaporation effect are achieved, the spray particle size can be obviously reduced, the evaporation time and distance are greatly shortened, the evaporation rate and the air cooling efficiency are improved, the size and the weight of an evaporator can be reduced, the size and the weight of an engine are reduced, and the thrust-weight ratio of the engine is improved.
3. According to the scheme, the oxidant is injected, so that triple enhancement effects of reducing viscous surface tension due to temperature rise, enhancing jet flow crushing and flash evaporation through bubble atomization and promoting rapid vaporization can be achieved, the size of spray liquid drops is greatly reduced, evaporation time and evaporation distance are shortened, evaporation rate and air cooling efficiency are improved, the size of an evaporator is reduced, meanwhile, the oxygen content in a combustion chamber can be improved through the injection of the oxidant, and the phenomenon of unstable combustion is prevented from occurring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cooling mechanism in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the heat exchange stack tubes and the inlet and outlet loops of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the heat exchange stack tubes and the inlet and outlet loops of example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange tube set in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the profile of a heat exchange tube in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plurality of heat exchange tubes of example 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of an ejector in embodiment 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic system diagram of example 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of example 2;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a spiral pipe in embodiment 2;
FIG. 13 is a side view of a spiral pipe in embodiment 2;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the ejector in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises an equal straight section 1, an expanding section 2, a heat exchange chamber 3, a diversion cone 4, an evaporation chamber 5, a first inlet pipe 6, an inlet ring pipe 7, an outlet ring pipe 8, a first outlet pipe 9, a first flow meter 10, a first flow regulating valve 11, a coolant storage tank 12, a fixing rod 13, an inlet collecting pipe 14, an outlet collecting pipe 15, a heat exchange pipe 16, a water spray ring 17, a water spray rod 18, a second inlet pipe 19, a spiral pipe 20, a second outlet pipe 21, an oxidant storage tank 22, a coolant inlet 23, an oxidant inlet 24, a second flow meter 25 and a second flow regulating valve 26.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-9: an engine inlet air cooling system includes a diffuser, a heat exchanger, and an evaporator. The diffuser is a hollow shaft rotating body, the equal straight section 1 is fixedly connected with the air inlet channel, the diffuser comprises the equal straight section 1 and an expansion section 2 which is coaxially arranged with the equal straight section 1, and the diffuser is made of stainless steel. The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange chamber 3, a cooling mechanism and a flow guide cone 4, wherein the heat exchange chamber 3 is a hollow cylinder and is made of stainless steel, the heat exchange chamber 3 is connected between the expansion section 2 and the evaporation chamber 5, and the heat exchange chamber 3 is connected with the expansion section 2 and the evaporation chamber 5 through flanges respectively. The evaporator comprises an evaporation chamber 5 of a hollow shaft rotary body and an ejector connected with a cooling mechanism, wherein the evaporation chamber 5 and the heat exchange chamber 3 are coaxially arranged. The cooling mechanism of the embodiment adopts a high-temperature cooling unit, the high-temperature cooling unit and the heat exchange chamber 3 are coaxially arranged, the high-temperature cooling unit comprises a first inlet pipe 6, an inlet ring pipe 7, a plurality of heat exchange group pipes, an outlet ring pipe 8 and three first outlet pipes 9, the first inlet pipe 6 penetrates through the diversion cone 4 and the expansion section 2, a first flowmeter 10, a first flow regulating valve 11 and a coolant storage tank 12 which are positioned outside the diversion cone 4 and the expansion section 2 are sequentially arranged on the first inlet pipe 6, a coolant is filled in the coolant storage tank 12, and the coolant adopts water; the inlet ring pipe 7 is communicated with the first inlet pipe 6, a fixing rod 13 is connected between the inlet ring pipe 7 and the outlet ring pipe 8, and the fixing rod 13 is connected with and fixed to the outer annular surface of the inlet ring pipe 7 and the inner annular surface of the outlet ring pipe 8.
Each heat exchange group pipe comprises an inlet collecting pipe 14, an outlet collecting pipe 15 and a plurality of heat exchange pipes 16, the inlet collecting pipe 14 is connected with the inlet ring pipe 7, the outlet collecting pipe 15 is connected with the outlet ring pipe 8, and the plurality of heat exchange pipes 16 are connected between the inlet collecting pipe 14 and the outlet collecting pipe 15. The heat exchange group pipes are arranged in a fish scale shape along the circumference, the molded line of each heat exchange pipe 16 adopts an Archimedes curve, the circumferential span of the heat exchange pipes 16 is 90-180 degrees, the outer diameter value is 0.5-2 mm, the wall thickness is 0.04-0.2 mm, the transverse distance s1 value is 1.5-3 times the outer diameter of the heat exchange pipe 16, the longitudinal distance s2 value is 1.2-2 times the outer diameter of the heat exchange pipe 16, the cross sections of the inlet collecting pipe 14 and the outlet collecting pipe 15 are both semicircular, and the diameter value is 2-6 times the outer diameter of the heat exchange pipe 16. The molded lines of the heat exchange tubes 16 adopt Archimedes curves, so that the radial distance between two adjacent rows of heat exchange tubes 16 is equal. Each high-temperature cooling unit comprises 20-30 heat exchange group pipes, and 1-3 rows of heat exchange pipes 16 can be arranged between each group of inlet collecting pipes 14 and outlet collecting pipes 15. In this embodiment, 24 heat exchange group tubes are arranged in each cooling unit, and 1 row of heat exchange tubes 16 is arranged in each heat exchange group tube.
Each heat exchange group pipe is made of alloy with high heat conductivity and high strength, and other parts (an inlet ring pipe 7, an outlet ring pipe 8 and the like) are made of stainless steel. The outlet ring pipe 8 is connected with the flow guiding cone 4, so that the air is guided by the flow guiding cone 4, flows through the heat exchange group pipes of the high-temperature cooling unit from outside to inside along the radial direction, and performs sufficient heat exchange with the coolant in the heat exchange group pipes. Three first outlet pipes 9 are annularly arranged on the outlet ring pipe 8, and a plurality of first outlet pipes 9 are jointly connected with an ejector. The coolant enters the inlet ring pipe 7 from the first inlet pipe 6, is shunted to enter each heat exchange group pipe through the inlet ring pipe 7, flows in the heat exchange group pipes to cool air, and enters the outlet ring pipe 8 from each heat exchange group pipe after heat exchange and enters the ejector through the first outlet pipe 9.
The sprayer is made by stainless steel processing, and sprayer and high temperature cooling unit coaxial arrangement, sprayer include water spray ring 17 and set up the water spray rod 18 on water spray ring 17, and it has the through-hole of being connected with first outlet pipe 9 to open on the water spray ring 17, and it has four communicating pipes to go back circumference equidistance distribution in the water spray ring 17, and a plurality of water spray rods 18 equidistance intercommunication are on communicating pipe, have all seted up a plurality of orifices on every spray pipe, and orifice diameter 0.05 ~ 0.15 mm.
When the air-cooled heat exchanger works, air enters the diffuser through the air inlet channel and is subjected to speed reduction and pressurization through the expansion section 2, and then the air enters the heat exchanger through the diffuser and flows in a space between the heat exchange chamber 3 and the high-temperature cooling unit. Meanwhile, the coolant enters the high-temperature cooling unit through the first inlet pipe 6, the coolant is divided by the inlet ring pipe 7 and enters the inlet collecting pipes 14 of the heat exchange group pipes, and is divided by the inlet collecting pipes 14 and enters the heat exchange pipes 16, the coolant flows in the heat exchange pipes 16 to cool air, the temperature of the coolant is increased after heat exchange, the coolant enters the corresponding outlet collecting pipes 15 through the heat exchange pipes 16 and finally enters the outlet ring pipe 8 and flows out of the high-temperature cooling unit through the first outlet pipe 9, the coolant and the air flow in opposite directions to finish convective heat exchange, and primary cooling of the air is realized; meanwhile, the coolant absorbs heat and is heated to a high-temperature liquid phase state, and the temperature of the coolant is higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the air pressure.
When the coolant enters the water spray ring 17 from the first outlet pipe 9, the coolant is branched into the water spray rod 18 and is sprayed into air through the spray holes. The spray holes are linearly and uniformly distributed along the spray bar 18, and the coolant is sprayed in the circumferential direction. After the coolant is injected, the coolant enters an overheating state due to sudden pressure drop, and continues to evaporate and absorb heat after undergoing rapid flash evaporation, so that the air cooling process is completed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 10 to 14, the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: in the embodiment, a first outlet pipe 9 is adopted, and the cooling mechanism further comprises a low-temperature cooling unit, the low-temperature cooling unit is coaxially arranged with the heat exchange chamber 3 and is arranged at the inner side of the high-temperature cooling unit, the low-temperature cooling unit comprises a second inlet pipe 19, a spiral pipe 20 and a second outlet pipe 21, the second inlet pipe 19 penetrates through a flange on the evaporation chamber 5 to enter the heat exchange chamber 3, the second inlet pipe 19 is sequentially provided with a second flow meter 25, a second flow regulating valve 26 and an oxidant storage tank 22 which are positioned outside the heat exchange chamber 3, the oxidant storage tank 22 is filled with oxidant which is liquid oxygen, the spiral pipe 20 is connected between the second inlet pipe 19 and the second outlet pipe 21, the second outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the ejector which adopts an internal mixing type nozzle, and the ejector is provided with a coolant inlet 23 communicated with the first outlet pipe 9 and an oxidant inlet 24 communicated with the second outlet pipe 21.
When the air-cooled heat exchanger works, air enters the diffuser through the air inlet channel and is subjected to speed reduction and pressurization through the expansion section 2, and then the air enters the heat exchanger through the diffuser and flows in a space between the heat exchange chamber 3 and the high-temperature cooling unit. At the moment, the coolant enters the high-temperature cooling unit through the first inlet pipe 6, the coolant is divided by the inlet ring pipe 7 and enters the inlet collecting pipes 14 of the heat exchange group pipes, and is divided by the inlet collecting pipes 14 and enters the heat exchange pipes 16, the coolant flows in the heat exchange pipes 16 to cool air, the temperature of the coolant is increased after heat exchange, the coolant enters the corresponding outlet collecting pipes 15 through the heat exchange pipes 16 and finally enters the outlet ring pipe 8 and flows out of the high-temperature cooling unit through the first outlet pipe 9, the coolant and the air flow in opposite directions to finish convective heat exchange, and primary cooling of the air is realized; meanwhile, the coolant absorbs heat and is heated to a high-temperature liquid phase state, and the temperature of the coolant is higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the air pressure. At the same time, the oxidant enters the spiral tube 20 through the second inlet tube 19, flows in the spiral tube 20 to cool the air, and simultaneously, the oxidant absorbs heat and is vaporized, and flows out of the low-temperature cooling unit through the second outlet tube 21.
When the coolant enters the injector through the first outlet pipe 9 and the oxidant enters the injector through the second outlet pipe 21, the oxidant enters the nozzle of the injector to be mixed with the coolant and then is injected into the evaporation chamber 5 in a bubble atomization manner. After the coolant is injected, the coolant enters an overheating state due to sudden pressure drop, and continues to evaporate and absorb heat after undergoing rapid flash evaporation, so that the air cooling process is completed.
The deflector cone 4 of this embodiment guides the air so that the air flows through the heat exchange tubes of the high temperature cooling unit and the spiral tubes 20 of the low temperature cooling unit from outside to inside in the radial direction to perform sufficient heat exchange with the coolant and the oxidant in the tubes.
The foregoing are merely examples of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and/or features of the schemes has not been described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An engine inlet air cooling system characterized by: including diffuser, heat exchanger and evaporimeter, the diffuser is the hollow shaft body of revolving, the diffuser includes equal straight section and expansion section, equal straight section is connected with the intake duct, the expansion section sets up with equal straight section is coaxial, the heat exchanger includes heat transfer room, cooling body and water conservancy diversion awl, the heat transfer room is hollow cylinder, the one end and the expansion section of heat transfer room are connected, the evaporimeter includes the evaporation chamber and the sprayer of being connected with cooling body, the evaporation chamber is connected with the other end of heat transfer room, cooling body is used for cooling the hot-air in the heat transfer room, the water conservancy diversion awl is installed and is close to one side of expansion section on cooling body, the sprayer is arranged in spouting the coolant and accomplishes evaporative cooling in the hot-air.
2. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the cooling mechanism comprises a high-temperature cooling unit which is coaxial with the heat exchange chamber, and the high-temperature cooling unit is arranged in the heat exchange chamber; the high-temperature cooling unit comprises a first inlet pipe, an inlet ring pipe, a heat exchange group pipe, an outlet ring pipe and a first outlet pipe, wherein the first inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a first flowmeter, a first flow regulating valve and a coolant storage box which are positioned outside the flow guide cone and the expansion section, the coolant storage box is filled with coolant, and the coolant adopts water; the cooling device comprises an inlet ring pipe, an outlet ring pipe, a heat exchange group pipe, a plurality of first outlet pipes, an ejector and a cooling medium, wherein the inlet ring pipe is communicated with a first inlet pipe, a fixing rod is connected between the inlet ring pipe and the outlet ring pipe, one end of the heat exchange group pipe is communicated with the inlet ring pipe, the other end of the heat exchange group pipe is communicated with the outlet ring pipe, the first outlet pipes are annularly arranged on the outlet ring pipe, the first outlet pipes are jointly connected to the ejector, and the ejector is used for ejecting the cooling medium which completes the cooling effect.
3. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the sprayer comprises a water spraying ring and water spraying rods arranged on the water spraying ring, through holes connected with the first outlet pipe are formed in the water spraying ring, four communicating pipes are circumferentially and equidistantly distributed in the water spraying ring, the water spraying rods are equidistantly communicated on the communicating pipes, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in each water spraying pipe.
4. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 2 wherein: cooling body still includes the low temperature cooling unit, low temperature cooling unit and the coaxial setting of heat transfer room, the low temperature cooling unit includes second inlet tube, spiral pipe and second outlet pipe, the second inlet tube is equipped with second flowmeter, second flow control valve and the oxidant storage tank that is located the heat transfer room outside last time, the oxidant is equipped with in the oxidant storage tank, the oxidant adopts liquid oxygen, the spiral pipe is connected between second inlet tube and second outlet pipe, second outlet pipe and sprayer intercommunication, the sprayer still communicates with first outlet pipe.
5. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 4 wherein: the ejector adopts an internal mixing type nozzle.
6. An engine inlet air cooling system according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein: the heat exchange group pipe comprises an inlet collecting pipe, an outlet collecting pipe and a plurality of heat exchange pipes, wherein the inlet collecting pipe is connected with the inlet ring pipe, the outlet collecting pipe is connected with the outlet ring pipe, and the plurality of heat exchange pipes are connected between the inlet collecting pipe and the outlet collecting pipe.
7. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 6 wherein: the heat exchange group pipes are distributed in a fish scale shape along the circumference, and the molded line of each heat exchange pipe adopts an Archimedes curve.
8. An engine inlet air cooling system as set forth in claim 6 wherein: the heat exchange tube is characterized in that the circumferential span of the heat exchange tube is 90-180 degrees, the outer diameter value is 0.5-2 mm, the wall thickness is 0.04-0.2 mm, the transverse distance s1 is 1.5-3 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, the longitudinal distance s2 is 1.2-2 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, the cross sections of the inlet collecting pipe and the outlet collecting pipe are semicircular, and the diameter value is 2-6 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube.
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| CN202111475059.2A CN113982757A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Engine inlet air cooling system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116182192A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
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2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111475059.2A patent/CN113982757A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116182192A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
| CN116182192B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-04-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
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