CN113981848A - Highway honeycomb noise reduction screen - Google Patents
Highway honeycomb noise reduction screen Download PDFInfo
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- CN113981848A CN113981848A CN202111360034.8A CN202111360034A CN113981848A CN 113981848 A CN113981848 A CN 113981848A CN 202111360034 A CN202111360034 A CN 202111360034A CN 113981848 A CN113981848 A CN 113981848A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0047—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with open cavities, e.g. for covering sunken roads
- E01F8/0076—Cellular, e.g. as wall facing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0017—Plate-like elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0047—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with open cavities, e.g. for covering sunken roads
- E01F8/0076—Cellular, e.g. as wall facing
- E01F8/0082—Cellular, e.g. as wall facing with damping material
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a road honeycomb noise reduction screen, which comprises: the honeycomb cylinder is arranged on the sealing bottom plate, a sound absorption material is arranged in the honeycomb cylinder, and through holes are formed in the sound absorption material; the mass blocks are arranged in the hexagonal honeycomb cylinders in the sound insulation areas at the bottoms of the road honeycomb noise reduction screens, sound absorption materials are filled in the mass blocks and the honeycomb cylinders and are sealed, the mass of the mass blocks gradually decreases from bottom to top layer by layer, and the adjacent road honeycomb noise reduction screens are arranged at an included angle of 90-150 degrees in a folding screen or folding fan mode. The road honeycomb noise reduction screen provided by the invention can reduce the road noise to a reasonable range while realizing low level of the off-road noise by absorption and negative reflection, and further maintain the noise in the vehicle cabin within a comfortable range of about 20 dB acceptable by human ears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise reduction devices, and particularly relates to a road honeycomb noise reduction screen.
Background
In recent years, as the traffic flow on expressways increases, the amount of road noise increases rapidly, and although the noise outside the roads can be reduced to some extent by the sound-proof screen, in the roads, the engine noise, the tire friction noise, the body structure noise, and the whistle noise are mixed and bounce around after encountering the surface of the rigid sound-proof screen, and the noises bounce and overlap, and cannot be absorbed, and the noise cannot be completely reduced to the amount of noise acceptable to the human ear by the mere vehicle body material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a road honeycomb noise reduction screen which is used for reducing noise outside a cabin to a reasonable range in a mode of absorption and negative reflection at the outer side of a high-speed guardrail, and further maintaining the noise inside the cabin to be within a comfortable range of about 20 decibels acceptable for human ears.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a highway cellular noise reduction screen comprising: the honeycomb cylinder is arranged on the sealing bottom plate, a sound absorption material is arranged in the honeycomb cylinder, and through holes are formed in the sound absorption material;
the sound absorption material is attached to the bottom sealing plate and the inner wall of the honeycomb cylinder and comprises a first part and a second part, the surface of the first part is provided with a long fiber batt, and the second part is the sound absorption material which is obtained by directly bonding and foaming the first part serving as a substrate to form a fusion transition interface layer;
the mass blocks are arranged in the honeycomb cylinder in the bottom area of the noise reduction screen, sound absorption materials are filled in the mass blocks and the honeycomb cylinder and sealed, the mass of the mass blocks is gradually reduced from bottom to top layer by layer, and the adjacent road honeycomb noise reduction screens are arranged in a screen folding or fan folding mode at an included angle of 90-150 degrees.
Furthermore, the first part is a carbon fiber cotton sheet, the second part simultaneously comprises a porous foaming rubber layer and polyurethane foaming plastic or one of the porous foaming rubber layer and the polyurethane foaming plastic, and the carbon fiber cotton sheet subjected to picking or napping is fused with carbon on the surface of the interfaceThe fiber hairs extend into the second part for at least 3mm to form a fusion transition interface layer, the carbon fiber cotton sheet is formed by directly spraying and spinning carbon fiber raw materials with the diameter of 1-10 microns into a sheet, then forming mutually interwoven hairy feathers through a surface hair picking or hair drawing process, and then forming the carbon fiber cotton sheet through a carbonization process, wherein the density of the carbon fiber hairs on the surface of the fusion interface is at least 50 hairs/cm2The density of the hairy feathers is at least 5 flowers/cm2。
Furthermore, hydrotalcite/graphene additive materials or hydrotalcite/graphene-like additive materials are added into the porous foamed rubber layer or the polyurethane foamed plastic, the interlayer spacing of the layered hydrotalcite with the diameter larger than that of carbon atoms realizes that the graphene or the graphene-like is embedded between the layered hydrotalcite sheets, the porous foamed rubber layer or the polyurethane foamed plastic is an elastic cladding, the layered hydrotalcite is a framework, the graphene or the graphene-like is a vibrating core, and the three components form the thin-film acoustic metamaterial.
Further, the sound absorption material is processed by a punching process, the second part is half-open-type foaming, and an anhydride-modified hydrotalcite/amino-modified carbon black additive obtained in a supergravity environment is added into a porous foaming rubber layer or a polyurethane foaming plastic raw material.
Further, the back cover plate and the honeycomb cylinder are made of carbon fiber plates, and the honeycomb cylinder is in a regular hexagon or irregular hexagon.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1) the honeycomb structure is beneficial to capturing noise and amplifying sound absorption area; on one hand, the carbon fiber honeycomb framework material provides rigid support, reduces the total weight of the honeycomb noise reduction screen, is only one tenth of the total weight of the aluminum alloy material structure, and does not cause heavy burden to the mounting structure after arrangement, thereby avoiding or aggravating the road structure diseases;
2) the sound absorption material is directly adhered by the foam of the tail substrate of the cotton piece, an interface transition layer is formed while the sound absorption material is integrated, bubbles in the imitated interwoven Down Feather transition layer are distributed more densely and have uniform pore diameters along the filament fiber part, so that the bubbles in the rubber layer or the polyurethane layer are distributed uniformly but have random pore diameters, the pore diameter of the transition layer is obviously smaller than that of the non-transition layer, and the pore-forming density of the transition layer is obviously greater than that of the non-transition layer. The transition layer formed by the invention breaks through the rigid bonding interface of the two materials, forms a structure similar to down feather, and improves the noise absorption rate and the energy conversion speed; in addition, compared with a glass fiber cotton sheet and a rock wool sheet, the transition layer vibration transmission and energy conversion characteristics realized by the carbon fiber cotton sheet are better, the shape characteristics of the through hole can be better kept by matching with a foaming material in the subsequent use process (the common through hole collapse phenomenon of the glass fiber cotton sheet and the rock wool sheet can not occur along with the use), the sound absorption frequency can be further changed by matching with the pit structure characteristics and the formula characteristics of the foaming material, and the polygonal through hole has higher absorption rate on high-frequency noise compared with the circular through hole;
3) the porous foamed rubber has high absorptivity to low-frequency noise after being perforated, and the polyurethane foamed plastic has high absorptivity to high-frequency noise, so that sound absorbing materials with different components can be arranged in different honeycombs of the same honeycomb noise reduction screen, and the effective noise absorption frequency band width of the integral high noise absorptivity of the honeycomb noise reduction screen is further widened. The porous foaming rubber layer or the polyurethane foaming plastic is added with hydrotalcite/graphene additive or hydrotalcite/graphene-like additive, the graphene or graphene-like is embedded between layered hydrotalcite sheets, the porous foaming rubber layer or the polyurethane foaming plastic is an elastic cladding, the layered hydrotalcite is a frame, the graphene or graphene-like is a core, and the three components form a film acoustic metamaterial, so that the sound absorption efficiency of the sound absorption material is further improved, the graphene material is a semi-open-cell foam with random pore diameter, and the effective sound absorption frequency band of the sound absorption material is widened under the combined action of the through holes and the cotton layer fibers. The graphene-like, semi-open pores with random pore diameters, the through holes and the cotton layer fibers jointly act to widen the effective sound absorption frequency band of the sound absorption material, the elastic material and the mass block used in a sound insulation area are detuned in a low-frequency area of 100-1000 Hz, the non-uniform mass block is arranged in a transition mode to realize a local resonance unit, a sound insulation band effect is generated, and noise leakage in the lower area is avoided.
4) The anhydridized hydrotalcite/aminated carbon black additive is beneficial to improving the mechanical toughness of the material and preventing the aging and cracking of the material, and compared with the effective service life of the sound absorbing material without the anhydridized hydrotalcite/aminated carbon black additive, which is about three years of the equivalent tunnel environment service life, the service life of the sound absorbing material is prolonged to more than at least six years after the anhydridized hydrotalcite/aminated carbon black additive is added, and at least one time of the anhydridized hydrotalcite/aminated carbon black additive is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a road cellular noise reduction screen.
Fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sound absorbing material.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a hexagonal honeycomb cylinder.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an experimental structure for testing sound absorption coefficients by performing a multi-frequency noise reverberation simulation experiment on a noise reduction material or a noise reduction structure provided in an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an experimental configuration for sound absorption coefficient testing of noise reducing materials or structures provided in accordance with an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of surface plumes (down) formed by a filament picking or napping process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of layered hydrotalcite intercalated with graphene.
FIG. 8 is a graph of sound insulation for multiple embodiments.
Description of reference numerals:
a sealing bottom plate-1, a hexagonal honeycomb cylinder-2, a sound absorption material-3, a substrate-4, a transition layer-5 and a mass block-6.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes a road cellular noise reduction screen provided by the present invention in detail with reference to the embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The road honeycomb noise reduction screen as shown in fig. 1 comprises a back cover plate 1, hexagonal honeycomb cylinders 2 arranged on the back cover plate, and sound absorbing materials 3 arranged in the honeycomb cylinders. The back cover plate 1 and the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder 2 are made of carbon fiber. The bottom sealing plate 1 is composed of at least four layers of carbon fiber clothAnd (3) shaping at high temperature and high pressure. At least two layers of carbon fiber cloth are wound around a hexagonal mold, and after the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder is obtained through vacuum pumping, high temperature and high pressure shaping, the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder is welded and arranged on a sealing bottom plate to form a honeycomb. The cross-sectional area of all ridges is 3-15 cm2. The flute height of the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder 2 ranges from 4cm to 15 cm.
The sound absorption material 3 is adhered to the bottom and the peripheral wall surface of the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder 2 and comprises two parts, wherein porous foamed rubber or polyurethane foamed plastic is directly foamed in a semi-open mode by taking one of a glass silk floss sheet, a rock wool sheet or a carbon fiber floss sheet as a substrate 4, adhesion is realized in the foaming process, and a transition layer 5 is generated. The thickness of the substrate 4 is 0.3 to 1.5 cm. The sound absorption material 3 is provided with through holes in a penetrating way, the aperture of the through holes can be the same or different, the aperture is 0.2cm at the minimum and 1.5cm at the maximum, and the distance between the through holes is 0.2cm at the minimum and 1.5cm at the maximum. Under the same foaming condition, the same thickness and the same perforation arrangement, the perforated porous foaming rubber (natural rubber raw material) has higher absorptivity for low-frequency noise, and the polyurethane foaming plastic has higher absorptivity for high-frequency noise, so that sound absorption materials with different components can be arranged in different honeycombs of the same honeycomb noise reduction screen, and the effective noise absorption frequency band width of the whole honeycomb noise reduction screen with higher noise absorptivity is further widened.
The sound absorption material 3 is adhered to the bottom and the peripheral wall surface of the hexagonal honeycomb cylinder 2 and comprises two parts, wherein porous foamed rubber or polyurethane foamed plastic is directly foamed in a semi-open mode by taking one of a glass silk floss sheet, a rock wool sheet or a carbon fiber floss sheet as a substrate 4, adhesion is realized in the foaming process, and a transition layer 5 is generated. The thickness of the substrate 4 is 0.3-1.5 cm, preferably about 1cm, which is beneficial for the treatment of the napping process and simultaneously embodies the best local vibration energy conversion characteristic. The sound absorption material 3 is provided with through holes in a penetrating way, the aperture of the through holes can be the same or different, the aperture is 0.15cm at the minimum and 1.25cm at the maximum, the distance between the through holes is 0.2cm at the minimum and 1.5cm at the maximum, and the ratio of the aperture to the hole distance ranges from 0.1 to 5. Under the same foaming condition, the same thickness and the same perforation arrangement, the perforated porous foaming rubber (natural rubber raw material) has higher absorptivity for low-frequency noise, and the polyurethane foaming plastic has higher absorptivity for high-frequency noise, so that sound absorption materials with different components can be arranged in different honeycombs of the same honeycomb noise reduction screen, and the effective noise absorption frequency band width of the whole honeycomb noise reduction screen with higher noise absorptivity is further widened.
The carbon fiber wool on the surface of the fusion interface of the carbon fiber cotton sheet is picked or napped, extends into the second part for at least 3mm to form a fusion transition interface layer, the carbon fiber cotton sheet is directly sprayed and spun into a sheet by a carbon fiber raw material with the diameter of 1-10 microns, then mutually interwoven hairy fluff is formed by the surface picking or napping process, and then the carbon fiber cotton sheet is formed by the carbonization process, the density of the carbon fiber wool on the surface of the fusion interface is at least 50 pieces/cm2The density of the hairy feathers is at least 5 flowers/cm2。
The layered hydrotalcite layer or the layered hydrotalcite-like compound interlayer spacing larger than the diameter of carbon atoms realizes that the graphene or the graphene-like compound is embedded between the layered hydrotalcite sheets, the porous foamed rubber layer or the polyurethane foamed plastic is an elastic cladding, the layered hydrotalcite is a framework, the graphene or the graphene-like compound is a vibrating core, and the three components form the thin-film acoustic metamaterial.
Adding a sulfur-containing organic solvent into natural rubber or polyurethane to obtain a pre-vulcanized rubber sheet laminated substrate 4, placing the pre-vulcanized rubber sheet laminated substrate 4 into a reaction kettle, filling high-pressure carbon dioxide, raising the temperature to 50-60 ℃, controlling the pressure to be 12MPa, fully swelling, then removing the pressure, and baking at about 200 ℃ until complete vulcanization to obtain semi-open porous foamed rubber or polyurethane foamed plastic with the open porosity of 40-55%.
The carbon fiber cotton sheet is selected as a substrate, the hydrotalcite/graphene-like additive is added before the porous foamed rubber or polyurethane foamed plastic is foamed, the main part of the honeycomb noise reduction screen has high-performance carbon components, the combination of the three carbon-containing materials has good resonance, the conversion and consumption efficiency of sound energy to vibration heat energy is greatly improved, particularly the irregular honeycomb has the effective conversion capacity to noise which is larger than 0.6 in the vertical incidence average sound absorption coefficient within the range of 100Hz to 4000Hz under the condition that the effective characteristics of the sound absorption material are fixed.
The first mode is to strip the hydrotalcite, brush the single-layer stripping solution on a glass slide, brush the graphene or graphene-like material, dry, brush the single-layer stripping solution, dry, and crush to obtain the filler. The second mode is that the layered hydrotalcite is assembled by the prior art, the interlayer spacing is regulated and controlled to be about 0.35nm of single-layer graphene by one time to 3 times, 20000rpm centrifugal hypergravity impact is carried out by taking the graphite target fixed on the wall of a centrifugal cylinder and the assembled layered hydrotalcite as impact liquid, the layered hydrotalcite is taken as a ruler cutter with the thickness of a graphite layer, the graphite target with weak impact force between the layers is impacted, and the hydrotalcite/graphene-like added material of the layered hydrotalcite interlayer embedded graphene is obtained. The divalent metal cation of the assembled hydrotalcite comprises Mg2+、Ni2+And Zn2+The trivalent metal cation comprises Co3+、Al3+And Fe3+. The adding proportion of the hydrotalcite/graphene-like additive is 0.1-6.5 wt%. Under the same structural characteristics and the same foaming material, for example, a carbon fiber cotton sheet is used as a substrate, porous foaming rubber and the same thickness and the same adding proportion are tested, the method for regulating the interlayer spacing of the aluminum-magnesium hydrotalcite is simple, the proportion of the embedded graphene is higher (the graphene-like can reach more than 20% of the mass fraction), the effect of improving the sound absorption coefficient is more obvious (about 18% of the average), the noise absorption effect of 1500-4000 Hz is better when the adding proportion is 2.5-6.5 wt%, the average coefficient of vertical incidence noise of 3.61 wt% is 0.95 at the highest, the noise absorption effect of 100-1500 Hz is better when the adding proportion is 0.45-0.9, and the average coefficient of vertical incidence noise of 100-1500 Hz is 0.93 at the highest when the adding proportion is 0.71 wt%. Especially for the application scene of the expressway, the average coefficient of 0.57 wt% vertical incidence noise can reach 0.98 at most in the environment with 500Hz as the center frequency of the mixed noise.
1-3 wt% of anhydride-modified hydrotalcite/amino carbon black additive can be added before the porous foaming rubber or polyurethane foaming plastic is foamed. The anhydride aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite and the amino carbon black are assembled under the effect of supergravity, and carbon black serving as amorphous carbon is mechanically collided with the hydrotalcite under the effect of supergravity to generate a product with a small amount of carbon embedded into hydrotalcite layers, wherein the small amount of the product has the characteristic of graphene.
For example, the anhydridized aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite is prepared by mixing aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite and maleic anhydridized polybutadiene in a mass ratio of 1: about 2.5, reacting for 2 hours in a hypergravity reaction device at the rotating speed of 20000rpm and the environment of about 50 ℃, and realizing the anhydride formation of the aluminum-magnesium hydrotalcite and simultaneously enlarging the layered distance of the hydrotalcite. The aminated carbon black is prepared from amino silane and carbon black according to the mass ratio of 10: 1 is obtained by reaction at 90 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere. Mixing acid anhydride aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite and amino carbon black according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding the mixture into a hypergravity reaction device, reacting at the room temperature for about 1h at the rotating speed of 25000rpm, settling, washing and drying to obtain the additive of the anhydride-modified hydrotalcite/the aminated carbon black.
The anhydride aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite and the aminated carbon black are subjected to collision mixing in a supergravity environment, the interlayer distance of the hydrotalcite is further increased, and part of carbon is embedded into the anhydride aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite layers in a graphene-like thin layer form and exposes amino, so that the mechanical property and the high-temperature resistance and ageing resistance of rubber are further improved, the rubber has a very outstanding advantage in the aspect of converting multi-gap elastic vibration absorption noise into heat energy, and the absorption noise frequency band is further widened by matching with irregular pores. Energy conversion between the carbon fiber wall and the sound absorption material can lead the temperature of the sound absorption material to reach more than 70 ℃ under the condition of room temperature of 25 ℃ and the strong noise incidence condition, the improvement of the mechanical toughness of the material by the anhydride hydrotalcite/amino carbon black additive is beneficial to improving the resonance capacity and preventing ultraviolet aging of the material, and through the experimental study on the service life of the sound absorption material under the continuous noise (500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 4000Hz) vertical incidence, compared with the effective service life of the sound absorption material equivalent to the highway environment service of the sound absorption material without the anhydride hydrotalcite/amino carbon black additive, the service life of the sound absorption material is prolonged to more than five years after the addition, and the service life is prolonged by more than one time.
A sound insulation area is arranged in an area where the bottom of the sound insulation area is fixed with a roadbed or a bridge side wall, a mass block is arranged in a honeycomb, and a sound absorption material is arranged between a honeycomb shell and the mass block to serve as an elastic material, so that a local negative equivalent mass density metamaterial structure is formed to realize a noise peak isolation zone. The mass may be a copper block or a lead block. The bottom area is used as a negative equivalent mass density metamaterial structure, the other function is to balance weight, especially in the application of the bridge body, the structural strength can be strengthened, and balance weight harmony in the super wind power can be used for breaking resonance to ensure the stability and safety of the bridge body to a certain extent.
Example 1
Preparation of 1m2The honeycomb is formed by assembling a bottom sealing plate, a bottom sealing plate and a honeycomb cylinder, wherein the bottom sealing plate is a plane of an equal-height equilateral regular hexagon plane honeycomb with the edge height of 6cm and the length of 3cm, the bottom sealing plate is made of 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth, and the honeycomb cylinder is made of two layers. The sound absorption material is rock wool with the thickness of about 0.7cm as a substrate, porous foaming rubber (without any filler) with the thickness of about 0.5cm is adhered and foamed, the aperture ratio is 50%, the transition layer is about 0.5cm, the diameter of each through hole is 0.3cm, and the density of each through hole is 2/cm2. The average vertical incidence sound absorption coefficient of the whole device is about 0.75, the effective noise absorption frequency band taking 15 dB of absorbed noise as a boundary is 400Hz to 2000Hz, and under an ideal laboratory environment, the vertical incidence 80 dB of noise can absorb 15 dB to 20 dB within the range of 500Hz to 1500 Hz.
Example 2
Replacing the rock wool substrate in the embodiment 1 with 0.5cm carbon fiber wool, wherein the carbon fiber wool of the carbon fiber wool sheet is at least 3mm extended into the second part through the carbon fiber wool on the surface of the fusion interface of the picked or napped carbon fiber wool sheet to form a fusion transition interface layer, the carbon fiber wool sheet is formed by directly spraying and spinning a carbon fiber raw material with the diameter of 1-10 microns into a sheet, then forming mutually interwoven hairy fluff through the surface wool picking or napping process, and then forming the carbon fiber wool sheet through the carbonization process, wherein the density of the carbon fiber wool on the surface of the fusion interface is at least 50 pieces/cm2The density of the hairy feathers is at least 5 flowers/cm2。
Under the condition that other settings are not changed, the average vertical incidence sound absorption coefficient of the whole device is improved to about 0.9, the effective noise absorption frequency band for absorbing 15 dB of noise is unchanged from 400Hz to 2000Hz, under the ideal laboratory environment, 80 dB of noise can be absorbed by vertical incidence within the range of 500 to 1500Hz by 30 to 50 dB, high-energy high-frequency noise incidence is continued, the working temperature of the sound absorption material is obviously improved, and the highest temperature can reach 80 ℃.
Example 3
After 0.7 wt% of hydrotalcite/graphene-like additive and 2 wt% of anhydride hydrotalcite/amino carbon black additive are added into the porous foamed rubber raw material in the embodiment 2, foaming is performed, under an ideal test environment, the average vertical incidence sound absorption coefficient of the whole device is obviously improved to about 0.98, so that the effective noise absorption frequency band for absorbing 15 db of noise is widened to 50Hz to 3000Hz, under an ideal laboratory environment, 80 db of mixed noise can be absorbed by more than 60 db within the range of 50 to 2000Hz, the temperature of the continuous incidence sound absorption material is increased, but under the same condition, compared with the sound absorption material in the embodiment 2 without the filler, the sound absorption material with the same frequency is continuously incident, the temperature is reduced to 40 to 55 ℃, and therefore, the heat dissipation capacity is obviously improved while the noise is absorbed, and the service life is further prolonged.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 3, fifty percent of the area in the honeycomb wall is replaced by the polyurethane foamed plastic, other settings of the polyurethane foamed plastic are the same as those of the porous foamed rubber, the average vertical incidence sound absorption coefficient of the whole device is about 0.98, but the effective noise absorption frequency band for absorbing 15 dB of noise is widened to 150Hz to 4000Hz, under an ideal laboratory environment, the vertical incidence 80 dB noise can absorb more than 65 dB within the range of 300 to 3000Hz, and the temperature of the sound absorption material is between 40 and 55 ℃. The replacement of polyurethane foam plastic extends the absorption frequency band of the device to a high frequency band, so that the absorption rate of the whole device in a specific noise frequency band can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the two materials in the device. Therefore, in an application environment with a high low frequency noise ratio, such as some road tunnels, a device with a porous foamed rubber area ratio of more than 50% can be used; in the application environment with high frequency noise ratio, such as the area of railway tunnel portal where sound explosion occurs, the device with the polyurethane foaming plastic area ratio of more than 50% can be used.
Example 5
On the basis of embodiment 4, a sound insulation area is arranged in an area where the bottom is fixed with a roadbed or a bridge side wall, a mass block 6 is arranged in a honeycomb, a sound absorption material is arranged between a honeycomb shell and the mass block to serve as an elastic material, and a local negative equivalent mass density metamaterial structure is formed to realize the implementation of a noise peak isolation zone of 100Hz to 1000 Hz. Under the condition that the negative equivalent mass density metamaterial structure is not provided, 70-120 db of mixed noise of a 300-1500 Hz vehicle vertically enters, the noise measured at 5m outside the sound screen in example 4 is about 35% of emergent noise, the return noise at the noise source side is 30%, the sound screen of the negative equivalent mass density metamaterial structure is provided, the mass of the mass block decreases gradually from bottom to top layer by layer, the lower part reflects the upper part to absorb, the noise measured at 5m outside the sound screen is about 20% of emergent noise, and the return noise at the noise source side is 35%, although the noise in the road area rises, the leakage noise is effectively improved, and the noise in the road is reduced to an acceptable range.
As shown in fig. 8, the noise insulation peak is present in the embodiments near the central frequency of the road noise of 550Hz, but the noise reduction characteristics of the embodiment 5 are significantly improved by adding the mass block, the minimum sound insulation is 20 db below 1000Hz, the sound insulation is 40 to 50 db in the range of 400 to 600Hz of the main frequency interval of the road noise, and the sound insulation and noise reduction performance is superior in the road noise reduction application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in a highway application environment, cellular screens of different characteristics may be combined in a reasonable matrix design based on noise analysis to achieve optimal noise reduction.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A road cellular noise reduction screen, comprising: the honeycomb cylinder is arranged on the sealing bottom plate, a sound absorption material is arranged in the honeycomb cylinder, and through holes are formed in the sound absorption material;
the sound absorption material is attached to the bottom sealing plate and the inner wall of the honeycomb cylinder and comprises a first part and a second part, the surface of the first part is provided with a long fiber batt, and the second part is the sound absorption material which is obtained by directly bonding and foaming the first part serving as a substrate to form a fusion transition interface layer;
the mass blocks are arranged in the honeycomb cylinder in the bottom area of the noise reduction screen, sound absorption materials are filled in the mass blocks and the honeycomb cylinder and sealed, the mass of the mass blocks is gradually reduced from bottom to top layer by layer, and the adjacent road honeycomb noise reduction screens are arranged in a screen folding or fan folding mode at an included angle of 90-150 degrees.
2. The road honeycomb noise reduction screen according to claim 1, wherein the first part is a carbon fiber cotton sheet, the second part comprises a porous foamed rubber layer and polyurethane foamed plastic or one of the porous foamed rubber layer and the polyurethane foamed plastic, carbon fiber hairs on the surface of the blended interface of the carbon fiber cotton sheet subjected to picking or napping extend into the second part for at least 3mm to form a blended transition interface layer, the carbon fiber cotton sheet is directly sprayed and spun into a sheet by a carbon fiber raw material with the diameter of 1-10 microns, then mutually interwoven hairy feathers are formed by the surface picking or napping process, and then the carbon fiber cotton sheet is formed by the carbonization process, wherein the density of the carbon fiber hairs on the surface of the blended interface is at least 50/cm2The density of the hairy feathers is at least 5 flowers/cm2。
3. The road honeycomb noise reduction screen according to claim 2, wherein hydrotalcite/graphene filler or hydrotalcite/graphene-like filler is added to the porous foamed rubber layer or polyurethane foamed plastic, the interlayer spacing of the layered hydrotalcite with the diameter larger than that of carbon atoms realizes that the graphene or graphene-like is embedded between the layered hydrotalcite sheets, the porous foamed rubber layer or polyurethane foamed plastic is an elastic cladding, the layered hydrotalcite is a framework, and the graphene or graphene-like is a vibrating core, and the three form a thin film type acoustic metamaterial.
4. The road honeycomb noise reduction screen according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sound absorption material is processed by a punching process, the second part is half-open-cell foaming, and an acid anhydride hydrotalcite/amino carbon black additive obtained in a supergravity environment is added into a porous foaming rubber layer or a polyurethane foaming plastic raw material.
5. A road cellular noise reduction screen according to claim 4, wherein the back cover plate and the cellular cylinders are made of carbon fibre sheet and the cellular cylinders are regular hexagonal or irregular hexagonal.
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| CN202111360034.8A CN113981848B (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Highway honeycomb noise reduction screen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114855660A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆交通大学 | Phononic crystal sound absorber, sound barrier and using and mounting method |
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