CN113981326A - 630 stainless steel plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
630 stainless steel plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113981326A CN113981326A CN202111164403.6A CN202111164403A CN113981326A CN 113981326 A CN113981326 A CN 113981326A CN 202111164403 A CN202111164403 A CN 202111164403A CN 113981326 A CN113981326 A CN 113981326A
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 630 stainless steel plate, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.03 to 0.07%, Mn: 0-1.000%, P: 0-0.04%, S: 0-0.03%, Si: 0-1.00%, Cr: 15.00-17.50%, Ni: 3.00-5.00%, Nb: 0.10-0.50%, Cu: 3.00-5.00%, N: 0.02 to 0.06%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities; the invention also provides a preparation method of the 630 stainless steel plate. The 630 stainless steel plate prepared by the method has excellent strength, elongation and shrinkage performances and has high commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of special alloys, in particular to a 630 stainless steel plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Martensitic stainless steel refers to stainless steel whose mechanical properties can be adjusted by heat treatment, and is popularly a type of hardenable stainless steel. Typical grades are Cr13 type, such as 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13, and the like. The hardness after quenching is higher, different tempering temperatures have different strength and toughness combinations, and the quenching steel is mainly used for steam turbine blades, tableware and surgical instruments. According to the difference of chemical compositions, martensitic stainless steel can be divided into martensitic chromium steel and martensitic chromium nickel steel. Depending on the structure and strengthening mechanism, martensitic stainless steels, martensitic and semi-austenitic (or semi-martensitic) precipitation hardening stainless steels, maraging stainless steels, and the like can also be distinguished.
The 630 stainless steel is a martensite precipitation hardening type stainless steel, the 630 stainless steel has the performance characteristics that the strength level is easy to adjust, namely the strength level can be adjusted by changing a heat treatment process, the precipitation hardening phase formed by martensite phase transformation and aging treatment is a main strengthening means, and the 630 stainless steel has good attenuation performance and strong corrosion, fatigue and water drop resistance. The conventional preparation method for preparing the 630 stainless steel is complicated in general process, and the finally prepared 630 stainless steel is general in tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and shrinkage, so that the performances of strength and toughness cannot be well guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the 630 stainless steel plate is provided to solve the problem that the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and shrinkage of the conventional 630 martensitic stainless steel are general and the performance of strength and toughness cannot be well ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: providing a 630 stainless steel plate, wherein the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: c: 0.03 to 0.07%, Mn: 0-1.000%, P: 0-0.04%, S: 0-0.03%, Si: 0-1.00%, Cr: 15.00-17.50%, Ni: 3.00-5.00%, Nb: 0.10-0.50%, Cu: 3.00-5.00%, N: 0.02 to 0.06%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
As a preferable scheme: the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.04-0.06%, Mn: 0.40-0.60%, P: 0-0.025%, S: 0-0.01%, Si: 0.40-0.60%, Cr: 15.60-16.00%, Ni: 4.00-4.60%, Nb: 0.15-0.45%, Cu: 3.20-3.60%, N: 0.03 to 0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
As a preferable scheme: the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.05%, Mn: 0.50%, Si: 0.50%, Cr: 15.80%, Ni: 4.30%, Nb: 0.30%, Cu: 3.40%, N: 0.04%, Al: 0.02%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The other technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate is provided, so as to solve the problems that the conventional 630 stainless steel plate preparation method is complex in process and low in preparation efficiency.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials: preparing industrial pure iron, ferrosilicon, metallic chromium, ferrocolumbium, electrolytic nickel, manganese, electrolytic copper and chromium iron nitride according to the proportion as raw materials of a 630 stainless steel plate for later use;
s2: melting raw materials: paving bottom slag in an intermediate frequency furnace, and adding the industrial pure iron, the ferrosilicon, the metallic chromium, the electrolytic nickel and the electrolytic copper prepared in the step S1 into the intermediate frequency furnace in batches for melting;
s3: pre-deoxidation: adding a calcium silicate block and an aluminum block into the intermediate frequency furnace for pre-deoxidation, and adding ferrocolumbium, ferrochromium nitride and manganese into the intermediate frequency furnace;
s4: refining: laying reducing slag after clearing the intermediate frequency furnace, controlling the refining temperature to be 1540-plus-material 1560 ℃, and refining the raw material;
s5: preparing an electroslag ingot: adding calcium silicate powder to perform diffusion deoxidation on the raw material obtained by refining S4, controlling the liquidus temperature to 1420-1450 ℃ after the diffusion deoxidation, keeping the tapping temperature at 1580-1620 ℃, and performing vacuum arc remelting refining or electroslag remelting refining on the molten steel solution to obtain an induction electrode;
s6: remelting electroslag ingots: carrying out electroslag remelting on the induction electrode obtained in the step S5 to obtain an electroslag ingot, and annealing a product after remelting to obtain a steel ingot;
s7: and forging the steel ingot at least once to prepare a forging blank, carrying out hot rolling at least once on the forging blank, then carrying out solution treatment and aging treatment, and annealing to obtain the 630 stainless steel plate.
As a preferable scheme: in the step S2, the raw materials of the bottom slag comprise fluorite and lime, and the mass ratio of the fluorite to the lime is 1: 4; in the step S4, the raw materials of the reducing slag include calcium fluoride and calcium oxide, and the ratio of the calcium fluoride to the calcium oxide is (20-30): (70-80).
As a preferable scheme: in the step S5, adding the calcium silicate powder for multiple times, wherein the adding times are 9 times, and the interval time is 5 minutes each time; and the step S5 further comprises a step of adding a deoxidizer, wherein the deoxidizer is one or more of aluminum lime, aluminum blocks or crystalline silicon.
As a preferable scheme: in the step S5, the induction ingot is a billet with a diameter of 350 mm; in step S6, the electroslag ingot is a billet with a diameter of phi 460 mm.
As a preferable scheme: in step S6, the annealing step specifically includes the following steps:
s611: placing the electroslag ingot at 400 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-3 h;
s612: controlling the temperature rise speed to 890-910 ℃ under the condition of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 4-5 h;
s613: the temperature is reduced to 610 ℃ under the condition of the temperature reduction speed being less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, and the temperature is maintained for 130 h;
s614: naturally cooling the electroslag reducing ingot to the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, and discharging.
As a preferable scheme: in the step S7, the solution treatment specifically includes the steps of:
s711: controlling the heating speed to heat the forging stock to 790 ℃ and 810 ℃ along with the furnace under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h;
s712: controlling the temperature rise speed to raise the temperature along with the furnace to 1030-1050 ℃ under the condition of less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, raising the temperature of the blank to be forged to 1030-1050 ℃, and then preserving the temperature for 1-2 h;
s713: discharging the forging stock out of the furnace, and carrying out water cooling treatment;
the aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
s721: controlling the heating speed to heat the forging stock to 290 ℃ and 310 ℃ along with the furnace under the condition of being less than or equal to 100 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h;
s722: controlling the temperature rise speed to be less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, raising the temperature along with the furnace to 570-590 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 4-5 h;
s723: and discharging the forging stock out of the furnace and performing air cooling treatment.
As a preferable scheme: in the step S7, the method further includes leveling the forged blank after the solution treatment and the aging treatment, and the flatness of the forged blank is less than 8 mm/m.
As a preferable scheme: in the step S7, the forging treatment adopts a deformation process of at least one upsetting and multiple-fire drawing-out forming, the forging treatment times are 2, in the 1 st forging treatment, the forging starting temperature is not less than 1050 ℃ and the forging stopping temperature is not less than 900 ℃; in the 2 nd forging treatment, the temperature of the start forging is more than or equal to 1110 ℃ and the temperature of the stop forging is more than or equal to 900 ℃.
The invention is different from the traditional intermediate frequency furnace and AOD furnace process, and only uses the intermediate frequency furnace as the first primary refining equipment. By controlling the proportion of stainless steel raw materials, specific process treatment and reasonable steelmaking process combined with an electroslag remelting process matched with an ingot mold, the proportion points of main elements such as chromium, nickel, nitrogen, copper and the like are optimized in component design, so that the content of matrix ferrite is controlled to be less than 2%. On the basis of optimizing alloy components, a low-hydrogen low-segregation high-purity 630 ingot is produced through medium-frequency and atmosphere protection electroslag smelting and a hydrogen diffusion annealing process, a section of homogenizing heating temperature is set on a forging cogging heating process, and then the temperature is reduced to a normal forging heat preservation temperature, so that the degree of ingot segregation is further reduced, and the probability of high-temperature ferrite formation is reduced. The method has the advantages that the requirement on steelmaking equipment is simple, only a medium-frequency induction furnace and a slag remelting furnace are needed, an AOD furnace and a VD furnace are not needed, the preparation method is simple, and the method has high popularization value in small and medium-sized enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of an annealing curve of an electroslag ingot according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of an electroslag ingot forging heating process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the annealing profile of a forging of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a solid solution diagram of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of aging of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a workpiece sampling map location according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The following examples focus on test methods without specifying specific conditions, selected in a conventional manner and under conditions, according to the commercial specifications. In the present invention, the default of the length unit which is not specifically marked is millimeter unit.
The following examples of the present invention utilize instrumentation such as SPECTROMAX direct-reading spectrometer, LECO Nitrogen-Hydrogen-oxygen analyzer, Yingchi carbon-Sulfur analyzer, SANS pendulum impact tester with cryotank, SANS electronic universal tensile machine with environmental chamber, Leica optical microscope with ZEISS lens, and Zeikan optical Rockwell hardness tester.
Example 1
A630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.03%, Cr: 15.00%, Ni: 3.00%, Nb: 0.10%, Cu: 3.00%, N: 0.02%, Al: 0.01%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting industrial pure iron, ferrosilicon, chromium metal, ferrocolumbium (FeNb-50 or more), electrolytic nickel, metal Mn, electrolytic copper and chromium iron nitride as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a furnace in batches for smelting,
s2: laying 20% fluorite and 80% lime as bottom slag with the dosage of 20 +/-2 kg, covering slag early, reducing air suction, deducting metal Mn, ferrocolumbium and ferrochromium nitride, and adding the rest raw materials in batches in the melting period;
s3: pre-deoxidation, adding SiCa block 2kg, Al block 1kg, manganese (added according to 0.4%), ferrocolumbium and ferrochromium nitride;
s4: clearing the intermediate frequency furnace, removing bottom slag after clearing to produce new reducing slag, wherein the reducing slag comprises CaF 20-30% and CaO 70-80%, changing the slag for multiple times according to the color of the slag during the refining period, and setting the refining temperature to be 1540-1560 ℃;
Si-Ca powder is adopted for diffusion deoxidation, the using amount is 18kg, the deoxidation is carried out in 9 batches, the average volume is 2 kg/batch, the interval time of each batch is 5 minutes, and the deoxidation is continued after new slag is replaced in time according to the slag condition, so that the deoxidation quality is ensured. Aluminum lime can be added at intervals, and the weight of each batch is less than or equal to 500 g. Aluminum blocks and crystalline silicon can be used for precipitation deoxidation, and the white slag time is more than 40 minutes; based on the analysis report, the composition can be adjusted into the internal control range according to the distribution point.
S5: adjusting the fluidity of slag by using Si-Ca powder, fluorite and a small amount of aluminum lime according to the Si content to prepare for tapping, and controlling the liquidus temperature of the steel grade to be 1430 ℃; bottom pouring tapping temperature: tapping at 1580-1620 ℃, carrying out vacuum arc remelting refining or electroslag remelting refining casting on molten steel solution to obtain an induction ingot with the diameter of 350mm, grinding the surface of the cooled induction ingot to metallic color, cutting a tail part of the induction ingot and a steel dummy bar plate, blowing off residues and water vapor in a shrinkage cavity by using compressed air, preheating at 200 ℃ for 4 hours, welding an auxiliary electrode at the shrinkage cavity end, and detecting whether the quality of a welding seam is qualified for later use;
s6: remelting electroslag ingots: and (4) carrying out electroslag remelting on the induction ingot with the diameter of 350mm obtained in the step (S5) to obtain an electroslag ingot with the diameter of 460mm, adopting a graphite electrode to carry out arc striking, transferring a metal electrode to carry out remelting after a liquid slag pool is formed, adopting a CaF2, Al2O3, MgO 65, 30 and 5 slag system, wherein the slag amount is 70Kg, and using premelting slag after the time of 800 ℃ multiplied by 4 hours. The argon flow was maintained at 30L/min throughout the remelting period. The formulation of the reflow system is shown in the table below.
And after remelting, carrying out hot charging stress relief annealing and hydrogen diffusion annealing on the treated electroslag ingot after die cooling for 1 hour. The efficiency of hydrogen diffusion depends on the matrix organization, size effects and ambient temperature. The 600 ℃ is selected as the hydrogen diffusion temperature because the material is in a body centered cubic structure at the temperature, the solubility of hydrogen is low, and the diffusion speed is relatively high. The process is shown in figure 1.
Six tons of free forging are adopted for steel ingot cogging, and the electroslag ingot is subjected to surface treatment and then is forged and heated in a chamber furnace. An electroslag ingot heating process is shown in fig. 2.
S7: the cogging of the electroslag steel ingot with the diameter of 460mm adopts a deformation process of at least once upsetting multi-fire drawing-out forming, and the forging starting temperature is controlled to be more than or equal to 1050 ℃ and the forging stopping temperature is controlled to be more than or equal to 900 ℃ per fire. Chamfering treatment is carried out at the end of each fire, the deformation of the last fire is controlled to be not less than 20%, and the specific process is as follows (three fires are adopted, and the process can be increased or reduced according to actual requirements):
1.1 first fire: taking out the four-side light rolling ingot body, erecting and upsetting, upsetting at least the original height 1/3, flattening the four sides to 400 square, widening to 700 (width) × 300 (thickness), and chamfering large edges;
1.2 second fire: continuously pressing and upsetting and widening to 800; drawing to 800 (width) 150-160 (thickness);
1.3 third fire: continuously drawing to 100 (thick) by 800 (wide), and chamfering.
And (3) performing hot charging stress relief annealing on the forged rolled blank, wherein sand cooling can be used as a temporary treatment mode, and the subsequent processes must be completed within 3 days after the sand cooling. The stress relief annealing process is illustrated in fig. 3.
And heating the hot rolled blank with the length of 100 × 800 × L after the head and the tail are cut in a 25-meter roller hearth furnace, wherein the heating section, the soaking section, the heat preservation section and the discharging section are 6 meters respectively. Wherein the material temperature of the heat preservation section is required to reach 1160-1180 ℃ and then stays for at least 30min/25 mm. The rolling speed is adjusted according to the requirements, the heat preservation section is kept for 2 hours, and the total heating time is more than or equal to 3.5 hours.
Controlling rolling target size
The initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
Two-fire rolling (one-fire rolling below 60mm thickness) is adopted according to the incoming material specification. The first fire is rolled to 40mm multiplied by 1800mm multiplied by L1 by 7 times, the second fire is rolled according to the blank condition of the first fire, if the appearance size condition of the intermediate blank is better, the intermediate blank can be directly heated and charged into a furnace for second fire heating rolling. If the surface needs to be polished, a cold charging mode is adopted. The second pass was 5 passes to 14.5mm 1800mm L2. The elongation of each single pass is controlled to be 1.1-1.3, and the reduction of each pass is 6-8 mm.
And carrying out on-line heat leveling on the processed rolled plate, carrying out wind-shielding air cooling, and then carrying out quality heat treatment. The solid solution of the plate is carried out in the tunnel furnace, the external thermocouple is connected, the material temperature control is adopted, and the single plate is not overlapped when the material is loaded. And after the solid solution of the plate is finished, carrying out online spraying on a cooling bed, and then leveling. The solution and aging processes are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively.
And (3) controlling the leveling of the plate after each section of heat treatment is finished, leveling the plate in time after the plate is subjected to spray cooling through solid solution heat treatment, air-cooling the plate to 200-300 ℃ for heat leveling after the aging treatment is finished, and obtaining the 630 stainless steel plate, wherein the flatness requirement is less than or equal to 8 mm/m.
Example 2
The 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.07%, Mn: 1.000%, P: 0.04%, S: 0.03%, Si: 1.00%, Cr: 17.50%, Ni: 5.00%, Nb: 0.50%, Cu: 5.00%, N: 0.06%, Al: 0.06%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.05%, Mn: 0.50%, Si: 0.50%, Cr: 15.80%, Ni: 4.30%, Nb: 0.30%, Cu: 3.40%, N: 0.04%, Al: 0.02%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4
A630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.05%, Mn: 0.53%, Si: 0.50%, Cr: 15.80%, Ni: 4.30%, Nb: 0.30%, Cu: 3.40%, N: 0.04%, Al: 0.01%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as example 1:
the 630 stainless steel plate of example 4 was tested, and the specific test method and results are as follows:
the actual composition of the board and the composition of the raw materials were tested by medium frequency induction, the specific data are shown in the following table:
| element(s) | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni |
| Mixing in% | 0.050 | 0.53 | / | / | 0.50 | 15.80 | 4.30 |
| Actually measured% | 0.052 | 0.48 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.54 | 15.74 | 4.32 |
| Element(s) | N | Al | Fe | Ta | Nb | Cu | |
| Mixing in% | 0.040 | 0.01 | Surplus | / | 0.30 | 3.40 | |
| Actually measured% | 0.038 | 0.018 | Surplus | 0.01 | 0.32 | 3.35 |
The plate of example 4 was peeled and electroslag remelted with a steady melting rate stabilized at 7kg/min and a steady melting process, and the composition of the electroslag electrode is shown in the table below.
| Element(s) | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni |
| Actually measured% | 0.051 | 0.49 | 0.014 | 0.005 | 0.52 | 15.65 | 4.28 |
| Rate of change% | -1 | +2 | -12.5 | -37.5 | -3.7 | -0.6 | -0.9 |
| Element(s) | N | Al | Fe | Ta | Nb | Cu | |
| Actually measured% | 0.038 | 0.020 | Surplus | 0.01 | 0.33 | 3.30 | |
| Rate of change% | 0 | +11 | / | 0 | -3 | -1.5 |
Rate of change is 100% ((electroslag component-induced component)/induced component)
The sheet material of example 4 was sampled to test the properties such as strength and toughness, the workpiece was sampled in a body manner after the leveling by heat treatment, the sampling was performed by wire cutting, the sampling position was determined by reference to GB/T2975 and was taken from 1/4W, which is a representative position of the workpiece, the effective area for sample processing should be at least 25mm from the heat treatment surface, the sampling position is shown in fig. 6, and the test items and standards are shown in the following table:
the mechanical properties tested are shown in the following table:
through tests on mechanical properties and actual components of the embodiment, the 630 stainless steel plate prepared by the raw material proportion and the preparation method disclosed by the invention is better in comprehensive mechanical properties, and errors of the actually measured alloy proportion and the proportion are smaller, so that the accuracy and the high efficiency of the method disclosed by the invention are also demonstrated.
The foregoing has described preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary, and various changes made within the scope of the independent claims of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A630 stainless steel sheet material which characterized in that: the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.03 to 0.07%, Mn: 0-1.000%, P: 0-0.04%, S: 0-0.03%, Si: 0-1.00%, Cr: 15.00-17.50%, Ni: 3.00-5.00%, Nb: 0.10-0.50%, Cu: 3.00-5.00%, N: 0.02 to 0.06%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
2. The 630 stainless steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.04-0.06%, Mn: 0.40-0.60%, P: 0-0.025%, S: 0-0.01%, Si: 0.40-0.60%, Cr: 15.60-16.00%, Ni: 4.00-4.60%, Nb: 0.15-0.45%, Cu: 3.20-3.60%, N: 0.03 to 0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
3. The 630 stainless steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the 630 stainless steel plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: c: 0.05%, Mn: 0.50%, Si: 0.50%, Cr: 15.80%, Ni: 4.30%, Nb: 0.30%, Cu: 3.40%, N: 0.04%, Al: 0.02%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
4. A method for manufacturing a 630 stainless steel sheet according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials: preparing industrial pure iron, ferrosilicon, metallic chromium, ferrocolumbium, electrolytic nickel, manganese, electrolytic copper and chromium iron nitride according to the proportion as raw materials of a 630 stainless steel plate for later use;
s2: melting raw materials: paving bottom slag in an intermediate frequency furnace, and adding the industrial pure iron, the ferrosilicon, the metallic chromium, the electrolytic nickel and the electrolytic copper prepared in the step S1 into the intermediate frequency furnace in batches for melting;
s3: pre-deoxidation: adding a calcium silicate block and an aluminum block into the intermediate frequency furnace for pre-deoxidation, and adding ferrocolumbium and manganese into the intermediate frequency furnace;
s4: refining: laying reducing slag after clearing the intermediate frequency furnace, controlling the refining temperature to be 1540-plus-material 1560 ℃, and refining the raw material; taking a furnace forebody sample for full analysis, adding ferrochromium nitride after deep deoxidation and adjusting the rest elements;
s5: preparing an electroslag ingot: adding calcium silicate powder to perform diffusion deoxidation on the raw material obtained by refining S4, controlling the liquidus temperature to 1420-1450 ℃ after the diffusion deoxidation, keeping the tapping temperature at 1580-1620 ℃, and performing vacuum casting on the molten steel solution to obtain an induction electrode;
s6: remelting electroslag ingots: carrying out electroslag remelting on the induction electrode obtained in the step S5 to obtain an electroslag ingot, and annealing a product after remelting to obtain a steel ingot;
s7: and forging the steel ingot at least once to prepare a forging blank, carrying out hot rolling at least once on the forging blank, then carrying out solution treatment and aging treatment, and annealing to obtain the 630 stainless steel plate.
5. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the raw materials of the bottom slag comprise fluorite and lime, and the mass ratio of the fluorite to the lime is 1: 4; in the step S4, the raw materials of the reducing slag include calcium fluoride and calcium oxide, and the ratio of the calcium fluoride to the calcium oxide is (20-30): (70-80).
6. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, adding the calcium silicate powder for multiple times, wherein the adding times are 9 times, and the interval time is 5 minutes each time; and the step S5 further comprises a step of adding a deoxidizer, wherein the deoxidizer is one or more of aluminum lime, aluminum blocks or crystalline silicon.
7. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, the sensing electrode is a blank with a diameter of 350 mm; in step S6, the electroslag ingot is a billet with a diameter of phi 460 mm.
8. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S6, the annealing step specifically includes the following steps:
s611: placing the electroslag ingot at 400 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-3 h;
s612: controlling the temperature rise speed to 890-910 ℃ under the condition of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 4-5 h;
s613: the temperature is reduced to 610 ℃ under the condition of the temperature reduction speed being less than or equal to 30 ℃/h, and the temperature is maintained for 130 h;
s614: naturally cooling the electroslag reducing ingot to the temperature of less than or equal to 300 ℃, and discharging.
9. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S7, the solution treatment specifically includes the steps of:
s711: controlling the heating speed to heat the forging stock to 790 ℃ and 810 ℃ along with the furnace under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h;
s712: controlling the temperature rise speed to raise the temperature along with the furnace to 1030-1050 ℃ under the condition of less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, raising the temperature of the blank to be forged to 1030-1050 ℃, and then preserving the temperature for 1-2 h;
s713: discharging the forging stock out of the furnace, and carrying out water cooling treatment;
the aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
s721: controlling the heating speed to heat the forging stock to 290 ℃ and 310 ℃ along with the furnace under the condition of being less than or equal to 100 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 1-2 h;
s722: controlling the temperature rise speed to be less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, raising the temperature along with the furnace to 570-590 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 4-5 h;
s723: and discharging the forging stock out of the furnace and performing air cooling treatment.
10. The method for preparing the 630 stainless steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S7, the forging treatment adopts a deformation process of at least one upsetting and multiple-fire drawing-out forming, the forging treatment is carried out for 2 times, in the 1 st forging treatment, the forging starting temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃ and the forging stopping temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃; in the 2 nd forging treatment, the temperature of the start forging of each firing is more than or equal to 1110 ℃, and the temperature of the stop forging is more than or equal to 900 ℃; in the step S7, the method further includes leveling the forged blank after the solution treatment and the aging treatment, and the flatness of the forged blank is less than 8 mm/m.
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