CN113980605A

CN113980605A - TOM film suitable for automobile exterior trim and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113980605A
Application number: CN202111227789.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓良
Original assignee: Jiangsu Shangke Polymer New Mateirals Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Shangke Polymer New Mateirals Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2022-01-28

Abstract

The invention provides a TOM film suitable for automobile exterior trim and a preparation method thereof. The TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior decoration comprises a surface protection layer, a decoration layer, an adhesion layer, a substrate and a back glue layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The invention also provides a preparation method of the TOM film. The TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior decoration meets the decoration of the automobile exterior decoration, and meanwhile, the surface protection layer is made of the PVDF/PMMA co-extrusion film material with more excellent comprehensive performance, so that the TOM film can bear a severe automobile exterior decoration use environment.

Description

TOM film suitable for automobile exterior trim and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a membrane and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a TOM membrane suitable for automobile exterior trim and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of membrane materials.

Background

The TOM technology belongs to the category of external decoration, is short for three-dimensional vacuum forming surface decoration technology, and is widely applied to the high-end decoration fields of vehicle interior and exterior parts, rail vehicle interior parts, home appliances, electronic parts and the like. The forming principle of the TOM process is as follows: the device is divided into an upper box body and a lower box body, and the upper box body and the lower box body are divided into two independent sealed spaces through a prepared film; the upper box and the lower box are simultaneously vacuumized by the vacuum pump, the upper box starts to be heated after the vacuum pumping reaches a certain degree, the membrane is softened, the upper box pushes the worktable to release air pressure at the same time after the set temperature is reached, and the softened membrane is attached to the surface of a workpiece by positive and negative pressure, so that the coating process is completed. Because the whole process is in a vacuum environment, the problem of bubbles generated after coating can be perfectly solved. The surface effect imitating other materials can be decorated by different effects of the membrane, such as wood grain, stone grain, leather, carbon fiber, paper cloth and the like, and the common target technology comprises printing technology such as water transfer printing and heat transfer printing, and decoration technology such as gold plating, spraying, IMD and the like. The softening temperature of the film in the TOM process is 100-200 ℃ lower than that of the film in-mold decoration, and the pressurizing pressure is not too high, so that the touch feeling is better preserved, and the film is not easy to weaken or disappear and is more real to touch; the performance is stable, and the plasticity is strong; the color expressive force is stronger and richer; the applicable materials are diversified, and the plastic cement also comprises glass, metal, wood and the like; the processing efficiency is good, small products can be simultaneously coated in multiple cavities in one die, but the directions need to be consistent. The surface decoration can be realized on both large and small pieces; compared with the traditional processes such as water transfer printing, electroplating, spraying and the like, the method is more environment-friendly and has higher process controllability; the design freedom degree is large, the method is suitable for various complex shapes, the deep processing is realized, and the reverse hook part and the tail end of the product can be coated in the processing process; the range of the wrapping boundary is large, the forming and stretching of complex shapes can be met, and the film thickness is approximately between 0.05 and 0.5; the positioning is easier, such as the part of characters or patterns, and the precision is higher.

At present, the most used surface protection layer of the traditional TOM film in the automobile industry is made of PMMA, PC, PVC and other materials, and can meet the use environment of most automobile interiors; however, the use environment for the exterior trim of the automobile is more severe than that of the interior trim of the automobile, and the traditional TOM film cannot adapt to the severe test standard and use environment of the exterior trim of the automobile.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a TOM film for automobile exterior parts suitable for severe external environments and a method for preparing the same.

In order to achieve any of the above objects, the present invention provides a TOM film suitable for automotive exterior, which comprises a surface protection layer, a decoration layer, an adhesion layer, a substrate and a back adhesive layer sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the adopted surface protection layer is a PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film. The thickness of the surface protective layer is preferably 30 μm to 100 μm. Wherein, the appearance effect of the co-extruded film can be divided into: high gloss, flat gloss and matte.

The TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior decoration meets the decoration of the automobile exterior decoration, and meanwhile, the surface protection layer is made of the PVDF/PMMA co-extrusion film material with more excellent comprehensive performance, so that the TOM film can bear a severe automobile exterior decoration use environment.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the decorative layer is an ink layer, a metal plating layer or a laminated combination of the ink layer and the metal plating layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the adhesive layer is a two-component polyurethane system. The thickness of the adhesion layer is preferably 8 μm to 15 μm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the substrate used is selected from ABS, PC or PVC. The substrate preferably has a thick base of 100 μm to 500. mu.m.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of the back adhesive layer includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-acryl rubber copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystyrene, methyl methacrylate-styrene, thermoplastic elastomer, and copolymer, mixture, or composite of the above materials. The preferred thickness of the backing layer is 10 μm to 20 μm.

In order to achieve the above technical object, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the TOM film suitable for automobile exterior, the method comprising the steps of:

preparing a decorative layer on the surface protection layer;

preparing an adhesion layer on the decoration layer, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesion layer;

compounding the substrate and the adhesive layer;

and coating a back glue layer on the back surface of the substrate, curing, rolling and cutting to obtain the TOM film suitable for automobile exterior trim.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the decorative layer is prepared on the surface protection layer by one or more of gravure printing, screen printing, evaporation, and sputtering. When the adhesive layer is prepared on the decorative layer, the adhesive layer is prepared on the decorative layer in a micro-concave coating mode, and the organic solvent in the adhesive layer is removed in a thermal drying mode, wherein the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃. When the substrate and the adhesive layer are compounded, the substrate and the adhesive layer are compounded through a thermal compounding roller, and the thermal compounding temperature is 70-90 ℃. When the back glue layer is prepared on the back surface of the substrate, the back glue layer is coated in a micro-concave mode, the organic solvent in the back glue layer is removed in a thermal drying mode, and the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃.

The TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior decoration meets the decoration of the automobile exterior decoration, and simultaneously can bear a severe automobile exterior decoration using environment through the combined action of the surface protection layer and other layers.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a TOM membrane in example 1 of the present invention.

Description of the main figures: 1-surface protection layer, 2-decoration layer, 3-adhesion layer, 4-substrate and 5-back glue layer.

Detailed Description

PVDF/PMMA co-extruded films, printing ink, adhesive layers, PC, ABS, PVC, backsize layers and the like in all embodiments of the invention are all commercially available.

The performance of the TOM film suitable for the automotive exterior trim is tested by the following method:

1. testing the adhesive force between the TOM film surface protective layer junction and the decorative layer as well as the substrate: carrying out a Baige experiment test according to standard-Hedgehog D251075;

2. and (3) salt spray testing: performing salt spray test according to standard-Citrogopaludina D231001;

3. chemical medium resistance test: testing according to standard-Citroen D275144;

4. ultraviolet aging resistance: performing ultraviolet aging test according to standard-Gekko Swinhonis D271389;

5. high pressure flush test: performing a high-pressure cleaning experiment according to a standard-Sedum indicum D255376;

6. and (3) stone impact test: performing stone-hit test according to standard of Duchesnea indica D241312;

7. formability: molding by using a standard molding die; if the diaphragm can meet the forming requirement of a standard forming die, no tensile crack exists, and the formability is judged to be good;

note: the test samples with all the performances are parts coated by the TOM film;

example 1

The present embodiment provides a TOM film suitable for an automobile exterior having a structure as shown in fig. 1. The decoration layer comprises a surface protection layer 1, a decoration layer 2, an adhesion layer 3, a substrate 4 and a back glue layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

The preparation method of the TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior trim comprises the following steps:

(1) printing ink on the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film of the surface protection layer in a gravure printing mode to serve as a decoration layer; wherein the thickness of the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film is 30 mu m;

(2) forming an adhesive layer on the decorative layer by dimple coating or the like, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesive layer by thermal drying; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 8 mu m;

(3) compounding the ABS substrate and the adhesion layer through a thermal compounding roller; wherein the ABS thickness is 400 μm;

(4) arranging a back glue layer on the back surface of the ABS substrate, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesion layer in a thermal drying mode; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 15 mu m;

(5) and (4) curing, rolling and slitting the finished product obtained in the step (4).

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a TOM film suitable for automotive exterior, which is obtained by the following steps:

(3) compounding the substrate PC and the adhesion layer through a thermal compounding roller; wherein the thickness of the PC is 400 μm;

(4) arranging a back glue layer on the back surface of the substrate PC, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesion layer in a thermal drying mode; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 15 mu m;

Example 3

(1) printing ink on the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film of the surface protection layer in a gravure printing mode to serve as a decoration layer; wherein the thickness of the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film is 50 μm;

Example 4

(2) forming an adhesive layer on the decorative layer by dimple coating or the like, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesive layer by thermal drying; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 12 mu m;

Example 5

(3) compounding the ABS substrate and the adhesion layer through a thermal compounding roller; wherein the thickness of the ABS is 300 μm;

Comparative example 1

This comparative example provides a TOM membrane obtained by the following steps:

(1) printing ink on the surface protection layer PMMA as a decoration layer in a gravure printing mode; wherein the thickness of PMMA is 75 μm;

Comparative example 2

(1) printing ink on the surface protection layer PC as a decorative layer by using a gravure printing mode; wherein the thickness of the PC is 125 μm;

Comparative example 3

(1) printing ink on the surface protection layer PVC as a decorative layer in a gravure printing mode; wherein the thickness of the PVC film is 100 mu m;

Comparative example 4

(1) printing ink on the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film of the surface protection layer in a gravure printing mode to serve as a decoration layer; wherein the thickness of the PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film is 20 mu m;

(4) arranging a back glue layer on the back surface of the ABS substrate, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesion layer in a thermal drying mode; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 5 mu m;

Comparative example 5

(2) forming an adhesive layer on the decorative layer by dimple coating or the like, and removing the organic solvent in the adhesive layer by thermal drying; the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is 5 mu m;

Comparative example 6

TABLE 1 TOM film Performance test results of examples and comparative examples

PASS in table 1 represents PASS and NG represents fail.

In table 1, it can be seen from the performance test results of the TOM films in examples 1 to 5 that the TOM film suitable for the exterior trim of the automobile of the present invention satisfies the decorative property of the exterior trim of the automobile, and the surface protection layer uses the PVDF/PMMA co-extrusion film material having better comprehensive properties, so that the TOM film can withstand the harsh environment in which the exterior trim of the automobile is used, and can pass the exterior trim tests such as the salt spray test, the chemical resistance medium test, the ultraviolet aging test, the high pressure cleaning test, the stone impact test, and the like.

As can be seen from comparative examples 1-3, no matter whether the surface protective layer is PMMA, PC or PVC, the salt spray test, the chemical-resistant medium test and the ultraviolet aging test cannot be passed; as can be seen from comparative examples 4 and 5, when the adhesive and the backsize layer were too thin, the effects on adhesion, high pressure rinsing, and stone-hit test were great; as can be seen from comparative example 6, when the PVDF/PMMA coextruded film thickness of the surface protection layer is too thin, the stone chip test cannot be passed.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The TOM film suitable for automobile outer decoration comprises a surface protection layer, a decoration layer, an adhesion layer, a substrate and a back glue layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

2. The TOM film suitable for automotive exterior trim according to claim 1, wherein the surface protection layer is a PVDF/PMMA co-extruded film;

preferably, the thickness of the surface protective layer is 30 μm to 100 μm.

3. The TOM film suitable for automotive exterior trim of claim 1, wherein the decorative layer is an ink layer, a metal plating layer or a laminated assembly of an ink layer and a metal plating layer.

4. The TOM film for automotive exterior trim according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the adhesion layer is a two-component polyurethane system;

preferably, the thickness of the adhesion layer is 8 μm to 15 μm. .

5. The TOM film for automotive exterior according to any one of claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from ABS, PC or PVC;

preferably, the substrate has a thick base of 100 μm to 500. mu.m.

6. The TOM film according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the backing layer is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-acryl rubber copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystyrene, methyl methacrylate-styrene, thermoplastic elastomer, and copolymers, mixtures, and composites thereof.

7. The method for preparing the TOM film for automobile exterior according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of:

preparing a decorative layer on the surface protection layer;

compounding the substrate and the adhesive layer;

and coating a back glue layer on the back surface of the substrate, curing, rolling and cutting to obtain the TOM film suitable for the automobile exterior trim.

8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the preparation of the decorative layer on the surface protection layer is realized by one or more combined processes of gravure printing, screen printing, evaporation and sputtering.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the adhesion layer is manufactured on the decoration layer by means of dimple coating;

preferably, the organic solvent in the subsequent layer is removed by means of thermal drying.

10. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the substrate and the adhesive layer are compounded by a thermal compounding roller.