CN113980296B - High-tensile photocuring ionic-conductive hydrogel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-tensile photocuring ionic-conductive hydrogel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113980296B
CN113980296B CN202111365324.1A CN202111365324A CN113980296B CN 113980296 B CN113980296 B CN 113980296B CN 202111365324 A CN202111365324 A CN 202111365324A CN 113980296 B CN113980296 B CN 113980296B
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styrene
polyvinyl alcohol
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CN113980296A (en
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白绘宇
陈戴玮
张胜文
马丕明
东为富
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Jiangnan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-tensile photo-curing ionic-conductive hydrogel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-molecular hydrogel materials. According to the invention, by utilizing a two-step method of photocuring and solvent replacement, electrolyte ions are introduced into the photocured hydrogel under a specific condition to obtain the ion-conducting hydrogel with high stretchability, high transparency, high conductivity, good water retention capacity, good strain sensitivity and biocompatibility. Compared with the existing acrylic acid ionic conductive hydrogel prepared by photocuring, the preparation method is simpler and more efficient, and the raw materials are green, environment-friendly, nontoxic and pollution-free. The hydrogel has good application prospect in human tissue engineering and flexible electronic devices, especially in directions such as flexible pressure sensors and the like.

Description

High-tensile photocuring ionic-conductive hydrogel and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-tensile photocuring ionic-conductive hydrogel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of polymer hydrogels.
Background
The production and manufacture of traditional electronic products mainly use metal materials or semiconductor materials in the manufacturing and production, and these materials have greater rigidity, excellent conductivity and good sensing sensitivity. With the development of science and technology, flexible electronic components with deformability, flexibility and ductility become more and more important, and the conductive hydrogel as a novel flexible electronic material has attracted extensive attention due to its excellent flexibility, good conductivity and adjustable mechanical properties. The traditional conductive hydrogel is compounded by intrinsic conductive polymer and other hydrogel matrixes, and the rigidity of the conductive polymer causes the defects of tensile property and the like. The ion conductive hydrogel is composed of flexible polymer chains, and is conductive by the electrolyte solution dispersed in the flexible polymer chains, so that the defects of the intrinsic conductive polymer hydrogel in stretchability and transparency can be overcome.
At present, most of the raw materials of the photo-curing ion-conductive hydrogel are polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, k-carrageenan and other high molecular materials containing carboxylic acid and amide groups, the monomers of the photo-curing ion-conductive hydrogel have certain irritation, and a photoinitiator with certain toxicity, such as 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone (photoinitiator 1173) and 2-hydroxy-4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methyl propiophenone (photoinitiator 2959), is inevitably added in the curing process, so that the hydrogel has certain toxic and side effects and can generate adverse effects on the health of people in the daily use process.
Therefore, the development of a non-acrylic, environment-friendly, highly stretchable, photo-curable conductive hydrogel is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described deficiencies of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to: provides a high-tensile photo-curing ionic conductive hydrogel and a preparation method thereof, mainly comprising the following steps,
(1) Diluting the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt solution with deionized water to obtain a pre-gel solution;
(2) Placing the pre-gel liquid in a transparent glass mold, crosslinking in an ultraviolet light curing machine to obtain hydrogel, placing the hydrogel in an electrolyte salt solution for soaking, and fully replacing the solvent to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel.
Specifically, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt is 1700.
Specifically, the mass fraction of the solute in the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt solution is 10-15%.
Specifically, the electrolyte salt is one of ferric trichloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride and aluminum chloride.
Specifically, the wavelength of a light source of the ultraviolet curing machine is 365mm, and the intensity is 1600mJ/cm 2 。
Specifically, the ultraviolet curing temperature is room temperature, and the curing time is 6min. The purpose is to make the styryl pyridinium salt (SbQ) group in the solution generate the chemical crosslinking bond through the photodimerization reaction, and form the complete hydrogel.
Specifically, the concentration of the solute in the electrolyte salt solution is 0.1 to 0.6mol/L.
Specifically, the temperature of the solvent replacement reaction is room temperature, the time is 1-3 h, the purpose is to enable electrolyte salt to fully enter the hydrogel, provide free ions for electric conduction, and simultaneously, hydrogen bonds in part of metal ion hydrogel generate ion coordination interaction to generate new ion coordination cross-linking bonds, so that the mechanical properties of the hydrogel are enhanced.
The second object of the invention is to provide a high-tensile photo-curing ionic-conductive hydrogel prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the components of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ), electrolyte salt and deionized water according to the mass fraction percentage, wherein the content range of the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 8.38% -14.595%, the content range of the electrolyte salt is 2.7% -16.2%, and the content range of the deionized water is 75.42% -82.705%.
The tensile strength of the high-tensile photocuring ion-conductive hydrogel is 0.136-0.303 MPa; the tensile elongation at break is 559% -838%; the conductivity is 0.006-0.31S/m; a water retention of 35 to 60%,45 to 77% by weight, respectively, at room temperature 32% RH and 75% RH stored for 10 hours; the rate of change of resistance was 20% with no significant hysteresis when the finger was bent 90 °.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the high-tensile light-cured ionic-conductive hydrogel in preparing sensors and wearable devices.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts a biocompatible material polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ), and the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel prepared by a two-step method of ultraviolet light curing and conductive ion introduction has the characteristics of high stretchability, high transparency, high conductivity, good water retention capacity, good strain sensitivity, biocompatibility and the like. The method has wide application prospect in the fields of visual wearable equipment, strain sensors, intelligent artificial skin and the like;
(2) The invention can regulate and control the tensile property and the conductivity by regulating the concentration of the electrolyte salt, endows the ion-conductive hydrogel with excellent adjustable mechanical property and controllable high conductivity, and leads the ion-conductive hydrogel to be more widely applied in the aspect of sensors;
(3) The method has the advantages of simple process, short production period, mild reaction conditions, green, environment-friendly, nontoxic and pollution-free raw materials, and industrial production, thereby having good popularization and application values.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings may be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the tensile properties of the photo-cured ionically conductive hydrogels prepared in the various examples;
FIG. 2 is the water retention properties of the photocurable ion-conductive hydrogel produced in each example at 32% RH;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the water retention properties of the photo-curable ion-conductive hydrogel produced in each example at 75% RH;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the conductive properties of a photocurable ionically conductive hydrogel made in accordance with various examples;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the sensing performance of the photo-curable ion-conductive hydrogel prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The polyvinyl alcohol-styrylpyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solutions in the examples were purchased from Kyowa printing technology, inc. of Shanghai.
Example 1
15% of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) with the polymerization degree of 1700 is takenAdding deionized water into the salt (PVA-SbQ) solution at room temperature for dilution, stirring uniformly to obtain 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, loading the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, and placing the transparent glass mold in a light source with a wavelength of 365mm and an intensity of 1600mJ/cm 2 The ultraviolet curing machine carries out photocuring for 6min by illumination, and the obtained hydrogel is placed in ferric trichloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.1mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 14.595 percent and ferric chloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 The content of (A) is 2.7%, and the content of deionized water is 82.705%.
Example 2
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then putting the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in the light source mold, and placing the transparent glass mold in the light source mold with the wavelength of 365mm and the intensity of 1600mJ/cm 2 The ultraviolet curing machine carries out photocuring for 6min by illumination, and the obtained hydrogel is placed in ferric trichloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.2mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 13.244 percent and ferric trichloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 The content of (A) is 5.4%, and the content of deionized water is 81.356%.
Example 3
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then filling the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in a light source with the wavelength of 365mm and the strength of 1600mJ/cm 2 By light irradiation in an ultraviolet curing machinePhotocuring for 6min, and placing the obtained hydrogel in ferric trichloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.3mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photo-curing ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 11.947 percent and the ferric chloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 The content of (A) was 8.1%, and the content of deionized water was 79.953%.
Example 4
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then filling the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in a light source with the wavelength of 365mm and the strength of 1600mJ/cm 2 The ultraviolet curing machine carries out photocuring for 6min by illumination, and the obtained hydrogel is placed in ferric chloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.4mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 10.704 percent and ferric trichloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 The content of (A) is 10.8%, and the content of deionized water is 78.496%.
Example 5
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then filling the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in a light source with the wavelength of 365mm and the strength of 1600mJ/cm 2 The ultraviolet curing machine carries out photocuring for 6min by illumination, and the obtained hydrogel is placed in ferric chloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.5mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 9.515 percent and ferric trichloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 Is 13.5%, the content of deionized water is76.985％。
Example 6
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then putting the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in the light source mold, and placing the transparent glass mold in the light source mold with the wavelength of 365mm and the intensity of 1600mJ/cm 2 The ultraviolet curing machine carries out photocuring for 6min by illumination, and the obtained hydrogel is placed in ferric trichloride FeCl with the solubility of 0.6mol/L at room temperature 3 Soaking in the solution for 1h to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel, wherein the content of polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) is 8.38 percent and ferric trichloride FeCl is adopted according to the mass percentage 3 The content of (D) is 16.2%, and the content of deionized water is 75.42%.
Comparative example 1
Taking a 15% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution with the polymerization degree of 1700, adding deionized water to dilute the solution at room temperature, uniformly stirring the solution to obtain a 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution, then filling the 10% polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt (PVA-SbQ) solution into a transparent glass mold, placing the transparent glass mold in a light source with the wavelength of 365mm and the strength of 1600mJ/cm 2 The UV curing machine is used for carrying out photocuring for 6min by illumination to obtain the photocuring hydrogel.
The ion-conductive hydrogels prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples were cut into dumbbell-shaped test pieces having a size of about 12mm × 2mm × 2 mm. The tensile properties of the prepared dumbbell-type hydrogel specimens were tested at room temperature using an Instron 5967 universal tester manufactured by Instron testing Equipment trade company, inc., at a tensile rate of 50mm/min.
The ion-conductive hydrogels prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples were cut into cylindrical samples having a diameter of 10mm, placed in vessels having relative humidities of 32% and 75%, respectively, and the hydrogels were taken out after a certain time interval t until the quality of the hydrogels did not change any more. The mass of the sample was weighed and recorded. The water retention of the hydrogel was calculated using the equation:
water retention = Mt/M0X 100%
Wherein M0 is the initial mass of the hydrogel and Mt is the mass of the hydrogel at t.
The resistance of the hydrogel, measured and recorded using a digital source meter, keithley model 2400, manufactured by beijing savant photoelectric instruments ltd, was measured for a set of 5 samples, averaged to give the final conductivity, and calculated as follows:
δ＝0.69314/(3.14×R×d)
where 6 (S/m) represents the conductivity of the material, R (Ω) represents the test resistance, and d (mm) represents the sample thickness.
In order to detect the strain response and monitor the human body movement, the resistance change of the hydrogel was obtained by using electrochemical work stations of models CHI-660 e manufactured by chenhua instruments ltd and digital source meters of model Keithley2400 manufactured by zemavan instruments ltd. The change in resistance is calculated by:
ΔR/R0＝(R-R0)/R0×100％
where R0 and R are the electrical resistance without and with strain, respectively.
The detection data are shown in fig. 1 to 5, and fig. 1 shows the tensile properties of the photo-cured ion-conductive hydrogel prepared in each example; FIG. 2 is the water retention properties of the photocurable ion-conductive hydrogel produced in each example at 32% RH; FIG. 3 is a graph showing the water retention properties of the photo-curable ion-conductive hydrogel produced in each example at 75% RH; FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the conductive properties of a photocurable ionically conductive hydrogel made in accordance with various examples; FIG. 5 is a graph showing the sensing performance of the photo-curable ion-conductive hydrogel prepared in example 5. For the convenience of comparison, the detection data are arranged in the following table;
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003358172990000081
As can be seen from Table 1, comparative example 1 has no impregnated FeCl 3 Solutions, examples 1-6, were all soaked in iron trichloride solutionThe solution, hydrogel soaked in ferric trichloride solution, provides better mechanical properties, water retention and conductivity because of soaking in FeCl as compared to PVA-SbQ hydrogel that undergoes photodimerization under the action of ultraviolet light to form a chemically crosslinked network only with pyridinium styrenate 3 In the solution-obtained hydrogel, fe 3+ Enter the hydrogel network and have coordination and complexation interaction with a great amount of hydroxyl groups on the PVA-SbQ to form a new ion coordination crosslinking network, so that the originally combined PVA-SbQ hydrogel network is more compact and intertwined together. Three interactions of chemical crosslinking, ion coordination crosslinking and hydrogen bonding exist in a hydrogel system, a network formed by the interactions is mutually permeated, when an external force is applied, ion coordination bonds in the hydrogel can be firstly destroyed, external force energy is effectively dispersed and absorbed, chemical bonds generated by photodimerization ensure the integrity of the hydrogel structure, so that the mechanical property is stronger than that of PVA-SbQ hydrogel, the compact network structure endows the hydrogel with better water retention property, and a great amount of Fe exists in the system 3+ Ions can provide hydrogel conductivity; examples 1 to 6 are immersion in FeCl solutions of different concentrations 3 Hydrogels obtained from solution, examples 1-4, with FeCl 3 The concentration of the solution is increased, free ions in the hydrogel are increased, and the ion coordination crosslinking effect is enhanced, so that the hydrogel obtains a more compact network structure, and the mechanical property, the water retention property and the electrical conductivity of the hydrogel are improved; examples 4 to 6 when FeCl 3 After the concentration of the solution reaches 0.4mol/L, the network structure of the hydrogel tends to be stable, and the existence of the salt solution with higher concentration causes the osmotic pressure difference between the hydrogel and the environment to be larger, thereby causing the mechanical property and the water retention property of the hydrogel to be slightly reduced.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of high-tensile photo-curing ion-conductive hydrogel is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps,
(1) Diluting the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt solution with deionized water to obtain a pre-gel solution;
(2) Placing the pre-gel liquid in a transparent glass mold, crosslinking in an ultraviolet light curing machine to obtain hydrogel, placing the hydrogel in an electrolyte salt solution for soaking, and carrying out solvent displacement reaction to obtain the photocuring ionic conductive hydrogel;
the electrolyte salt is one of ferric trichloride and aluminum chloride;
the concentration of solute in the electrolyte salt solution is 0.1-0.6 mol/L;
the temperature of the solvent replacement reaction is room temperature, and the time is 1-3 h.
2. The method for preparing a high tensile photo-curing ionic conduction hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt in the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt solution is 1700.
3. The method for preparing a high-tensile photo-curing ionic-conductive hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the solute polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt in the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt solution is 10% to 15%.
4. The method for preparing high-tensile photo-curing ion-conductive hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the light source wavelength of the UV curing machine is 365mm, and the intensity is 1600mJ/cm 2 。
5. The method for preparing high-tensile photo-curing ion-conductive hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the UV curing temperature is room temperature and the curing time is 6min.
6. The high-tensile photocuring ionic-conductive hydrogel is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the components of the hydrogel comprise polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt, electrolyte salt and deionized water, wherein the content of the polyvinyl alcohol-styrene pyridinium salt is 8.38-14.595%, the content of the electrolyte salt is 2.7-16.2% and the content of the deionized water is 75.42-82.705% in percentage by mass.
7. Use of the high tensile photo-curable ionic conducting hydrogel according to claim 6 for the preparation of sensors and wearable devices.
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