CN113979543B - Method for constructing amphibian purified water plant community - Google Patents

Method for constructing amphibian purified water plant community Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113979543B
CN113979543B CN202111239847.1A CN202111239847A CN113979543B CN 113979543 B CN113979543 B CN 113979543B CN 202111239847 A CN202111239847 A CN 202111239847A CN 113979543 B CN113979543 B CN 113979543B
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liquid
river channel
sliding
gear
frame
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CN113979543A (en
Inventor
杨海青
岳华峰
张艺凡
赵广杰
班龙海
狄新令
孙思梅
魏岚
王彬
刘国顺
简波
李占林
吴晗彬
李海涛
朱景乐
杨超伟
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Institute Of Economic Forestry Chinese Academy Of Forestry Sciences
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Institute Of Economic Forestry Chinese Academy Of Forestry Sciences
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a plant community of an amphibious purified water body, which mainly comprises the following steps: step A: mounting carrier mechanisms on two sides of the river channel and mounting adjusting mechanisms on the carrier mechanisms; and B: preparing a planting mechanism and planting plants in the planting mechanism; and C: adjusting the planting mechanism up and down; step D: planting plants on the outer edge of the river channel; and E, step E: planting plants at the inner edge of the river channel; according to the invention, reed, wild rice and polygonum hydropiper are planted on the outermost edge of the river channel, arrowroot, cattail and ironweed are planted on the edge of the river bank in a slicing mode, and water lily, goldfish algae and hydrilla verticillata are planted in the river channel, so that species in the river channel and at the edge of the river channel are abundant, nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water can be absorbed in a large amount, COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD5 in the water are greatly reduced, the water quality standards of class III are reached, fish are bred on the basis, the biological chain of the water is further improved, the ecological system of the water tends to be balanced, and the establishment and the improvement of the ecological system are promoted.

Description

Method for constructing amphibian purified water plant community
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant community construction. In particular to a method for constructing an amphibious purified water plant community.
Background
The plant community is a collection of all plants living in a certain area, is a smart combination formed by interaction of each plant individual through reciprocity, competition and the like, and is a result of adapting to the co-living environment of the plants. Such as a forest, a pond populated with aquatic weeds or algae, etc. Each relatively stable plant community has a certain species composition and structure.
In our human life activities, substances or energy are often directly or indirectly introduced into the river environment, which damages river biological resources, damages river water and river environment quality, harms human health, has pollution degree changing with time, is fast in diffusion and has large pollution influence, but we often only plant a single plant at the edge of the river channel to maintain the river channel, so that the river channel can be only slightly maintained, and harmful substances in the river channel cannot be treated in a large range, so that the problems are improved by the amphibious plant community construction method with the function of purifying water bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for constructing a plant community of an amphibian purified water body, which can treat the interior of a river channel in a large range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method for constructing the amphibian purified water plant community comprises the following steps:
step A: organizing workers to clean two sides of a river channel, symmetrically installing and arranging carrier mechanisms on the two sides of the river channel, and installing adjusting mechanisms on the carrier mechanisms;
and B: preparing a planting mechanism planted with water lily, hornworts and hydrilla verticillata;
and C: placing the planting mechanism in river water, and adjusting the vertical distance between the planting mechanism and the bottom of the river channel through the carrier mechanism;
step D: planting bulrush at the outermost edge of the river channel, and mixedly planting wild rice and polygonum hydropiper in the bulrush;
step E: planting cattail, iris citrifolia and water bamboo taro in a slicing mode at the edge position of the river channel, wherein the cattail, the iris citrifolia and the water bamboo taro are located on the inner side of the reed, the wild rice and the water knotweed;
step F: and finishing the construction of the plant community.
The planting mechanism comprises a bottom frame, a hollow screen frame, a spacing ring, a barb, a sealing plate, a guide cylinder, an installation rod, a limiting plate, a sliding chute, a perforation and a connecting rod; the hollow net frame is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom frame, the hollow net frame is communicated with the bottom frame, the outer edges of the spacing rings are welded on the inner surface of the hollow net frame, the height of the outer edges of the spacing rings is higher than that of the inner edges, the number of the spacing rings is two or more, the spacing rings are of small-gap net structures, the barbs are uniformly welded on the upper surfaces of the spacing rings, and the tips of the barbs face the inner edges of the spacing rings; the sealing plate is fixedly installed at the top of the screen frame, the guide cylinder penetrates through the center of the sealing plate, the bottom end of the guide cylinder penetrates through the inner edge of the spacer ring and extends into the bottom frame, and the outer diameter of the guide cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the spacer ring; the two mounting rods are respectively and fixedly mounted on two opposite corners of the top of the screen frame, and the limiting plate is fixedly mounted at the top ends of the mounting rods; the number of the sliding grooves is two, the two sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in two ends of the floating plate and are respectively located on one side of the two third toothed chains, two mounting rods are respectively arranged inside each sliding groove, the length of one sliding groove is larger than the distance between the two mounting rods, one end of each connecting rod is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting rod located in the corresponding sliding groove, and the other end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with the upper half part of the third toothed chain; the number of the through holes is two, the number of the through holes in each group is two, the two groups of through holes are symmetrically formed in the floating plate, the two groups of through holes are located between the two sliding grooves, and the two hollow-out frames are respectively installed on the floating plate through the installation rods and the through holes; the carrier mechanism adjusts the vertical distance between the planting mechanism and the bottom of the river channel by lifting the mounting rod.
According to the method for constructing the amphibious purified water plant community, a mixture of pebbles with a small diameter and vegetation soil is paved in the bottom frame, wherein the pebbles with a small diameter account for 20-40wt%, and the vegetation soil accounts for 60-80wt%; the vegetation soil is a mixture of 50-70wt% of river sludge and 30-50wt% of activated carbon, the water lily, the goldfish algae and the hydrilla verticillata are planted in the bottom frame in a mixed mode, the goldfish algae and the hydrilla verticillata are planted around the water lily in a mixed mode, and a mixture of 20-40wt% of large-diameter pebbles and 60-80wt% of vegetation soil is filled between the space rings inside the hollow-out net frame.
The amphibian purified water plant community construction method comprises the steps that the carrier mechanism comprises a sliding column, a sliding ring, an L-shaped plate and a floating plate; the two sliding columns are in a group, each group of sliding columns is symmetrically embedded at two sides of the river channel, the sliding rings are sleeved on the sliding columns, through grooves are vertically formed in the inner walls of the sliding rings, the two sliding rings on each group of sliding columns are located on the same horizontal plane, every two L-shaped plates are symmetrically installed on the two symmetrical sliding rings relative to the river channel, and two ends of the floating plate are fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the two symmetrical L-shaped plates respectively; the floating plate is provided with the mounting rod.
According to the method for constructing the amphibian purified water plant community, the distance between every two sliding columns which are positioned on the same side of the river channel is 3-4 m.
According to the method for constructing the amphibiont purified water plant community, the adjusting mechanism comprises a toothed plate, a driving gear, a first driven gear, a first gear set, a first toothed chain, a second gear set, a second toothed chain, a second driven gear and a third toothed chain; the toothed plates are vertically arranged on one side, close to the river, of the sliding columns, the toothed plates and the through grooves in the sliding rings are located on the same straight line, and the two toothed plates on the two symmetrical sliding columns are symmetrical about the river; the driving gear is rotatably installed inside the L-shaped plate, part of the driving gear penetrates through the outer wall of the sliding ring and extends into the through groove, the first driven gear and the driving gear are coaxially connected together, and the first driven gear cannot rotate relative to the driving gear; the first gear set consists of two coaxial gears which are fixed relatively, the first gear set is rotatably arranged in the L-shaped plate, and one of the gears of the first gear set is in transmission connection with the first driven gear through the first toothed chain; the second gear set consists of two coaxial and relatively fixed gears, the second gear set is rotatably arranged at one end inside the floating plate, and one gear of the second gear set is in chain transmission connection with the other gear of the first gear set through the second gear; the second driven gear is rotatably installed in the floating plate at a position close to the middle, the distance between the second gear set and the second driven gear is less than half of the length of the floating plate, and the second driven gear is in transmission connection with the other gear of the second gear set through the third toothed chain; the driving gears, the first driven gears and the first gear sets in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates are symmetrical about the river channel, and the second gear sets and the second driven gears at the two ends of the floating plate are symmetrical about the midpoint of the floating plate.
The method for constructing the amphibian purified water plant community comprises the steps that the fertilizing mechanism comprises a liquid flowing pipe, a booster pump, a first exhaust valve, a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid storage tank, a partition plate, a liquid storage cavity, a fertilizing cavity, a second exhaust valve, a liquid flowing hole, a sealing groove, a sealing frame, a spring, a hose and an inserting head; the liquid passing pipes are respectively arranged in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates and the floating plate, the liquid passing pipes in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates are in fluid communication with the liquid passing pipes in the floating plate, the booster pump is fixedly arranged at the top end of the L-shaped plates, the liquid inlet ends of the liquid passing pipes are in fluid communication with the liquid outlet ends of the booster pump, and the first exhaust valve is arranged at the other end of the liquid passing pipes; four liquid outlet pipes are arranged in each floating plate at equal intervals, the four liquid outlet pipes are communicated with the liquid of the liquid through pipe in a fluid mode, and the inner surfaces of the liquid outlet pipes are provided with threads; the liquid inlet pipe is integrally arranged at the top of the liquid storage box, the outer surface of the liquid inlet pipe is provided with threads matched with the inner surface of the liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid storage box is communicated with the liquid through pipe through the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe; the liquid storage box is divided into a liquid storage cavity and a fertilization cavity by the partition plate, the liquid through hole penetrates through the center of the partition plate, the sealing groove is formed in the side face, close to one side of the fertilization cavity, of the partition plate, the sealing groove and the liquid through hole are coaxially arranged, the sealing frame is a frame body with a closed bottom and a through top, the side wall of the sealing frame is matched with the sealing groove, the top end of the side wall of the sealing frame is inserted into the sealing groove, the number of the springs is two or more, one end of each spring is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the sealing frame, and the other end of each spring is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fertilization cavity; the feed liquor end of hose with fertilization chamber fluid switches on, the feed liquor end of insert head with the play liquid end fluid of hose switches on, the play liquid end setting of insert head is in the guide cylinder.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, reed, wild rice and polygonum hydropiper are planted on the outermost edge of the river channel, arrowroot, cattail and ironweed are planted on the edge of the river bank in a slicing mode, and water lily, goldfish algae and hydrilla verticillata are planted in the river channel, so that species in the river channel and at the edge of the river channel are abundant, nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water can be absorbed in a large amount, COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD5 in the water are greatly reduced, the water quality standards of class III are reached, fish are bred on the basis, the biological chain of the water is further improved, the ecological system of the water tends to be balanced, and the establishment and the improvement of the ecological system are promoted.
2. According to the invention, the planting mechanisms are automatically adjusted up and down along with the lifting of the horizontal plane by arranging the adjusting mechanisms, so that the planting mechanisms are always positioned below the horizontal plane, the plants are prevented from being withered due to water shortage, and the planting mechanisms positioned on two sides can be automatically adjusted left and right, so that the planting mechanisms positioned on two sides cannot be influenced by riverways on two sides when being adjusted up and down; when the horizontal plane descends in dry seasons, the kickboard can drive planting mechanism downstream, after a certain distance, the driving gear in the L template can mesh with the pinion rack and rotate, and then the driving gear can drive the third toothed chain through first toothed chain and second toothed chain and rotate, then the third toothed chain can drive the installation pole through fixing the connecting rod on the third toothed chain and move to the kickboard centre, and then can drive underframe and fretwork frame and draw close inwards, guarantee that all planting mechanisms can both move down below the horizontal plane, when the horizontal plane rose in summer, the kickboard can drive planting mechanism and rise, and through the meshing motion of pinion rack and driving gear, the planting mechanism that is located both sides can remove to the both ends of kickboard.
3. According to the invention, by arranging the fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizer can be directly added to the plants in the planting mechanism, so that the labor amount is greatly reduced, and the possibility of damaging the plants in the planting mechanism is avoided; irritate towards liquid manure in to leading to the liquid pipe through the booster pump, when the bath is fertile, the first discharge valve that leads to the liquid pipe other end can be with leading to the gaseous discharge in the liquid pipe, avoid the topping up difficulty, when liquid manure flows through the drain pipe on leading to the liquid pipe lateral wall, liquid manure can get into in the liquid reserve tank through the feed liquor pipe, wherein the second discharge valve can be with the gaseous discharge in the liquid reserve tank, make liquid manure can be full of the liquid reserve tank, when liquid manure is full of all liquid reserve tanks and leads to the liquid pipe, because the effect of booster pump pressure, liquid manure can extrude sealed frame, and then liquid manure can get into the hose through the clearance between sealed frame and the seal groove, inside rethread insert head gets into planting mechanism.
4. According to the invention, by arranging the hollow-out frame, aquatic organisms in a river channel can enter the pebbles in the hollow-out frame to provide a foot rest for the aquatic organisms, excrement generated by the aquatic organisms in the pebbles can be used as fertilizer for plant growth to provide nutrition for plants, the partition rings with high outer parts and low inner parts can reduce impact of water flow on the inner part of the hollow-out frame, and the barbs are matched with the hollow-out frame, so that loss of planting soil and silt in the hollow-out frame can be reduced.
5. According to the invention, the planting mechanism is installed on the floating plate in a rhombic shape, so that the impact of water flow on the planting mechanism can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the device can be prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of plants according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the floating plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the planting mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a screen frame structure according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-water lily; 2-Goldfish algae; 3-hydrilla verticillata; 4-reed; 5-wild rice; 6-herba Polygoni Hydropiperis; 7-typha orientalis presl; 8-yellow iris; 9-water arrowroot; 10-river channel; 100-a carrier mechanism; 200-an adjustment mechanism; 300-a planting mechanism; 400-a fertilizing mechanism; 101-a traveler; 102-a slip ring; 103-L type plate; 104-a floating plate; 201-toothed plate; 202-a drive gear; 203-a first driven gear; 204 — a first gear set; 205-a first toothed chain; 206-a second gear set; 207-second toothed chain; 208-a second driven gear; 209-third toothed chain; 301-bottom frame; 302-screen frame; 303-a spacer ring; 304-a barb; 305-a closing plate; 306-a guide cylinder; 307-mounting a rod; 308-a limiting plate; 309-chute; 310-perforating; 311-connecting rods; 401-liquid through pipe; 402-a booster pump; 404-a first exhaust valve; 405-a liquid outlet pipe; 406-a liquid inlet pipe; 407-liquid storage tank; 408-a separation plate; 409-a liquid storage cavity; 410-a fertilizing cavity; 411-a second exhaust valve; 412-liquid through hole; 413-a sealing groove; 414-sealing frame; 415-a spring; 416-a hose; 417 — insertion head.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A method for constructing a plant community of an amphibious purified water body comprises the following steps:
step A: the organization staff cleans two sides of the river channel 10, carrier mechanisms 100 are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the river channel 10, and adjusting mechanisms 200 are arranged on the carrier mechanisms 100;
and B: preparing a planting mechanism 300 planted with water lily 1, goldfish algae 2 and hydrilla verticillata 3;
step C: placing the planting mechanism 300 in river water, and adjusting the vertical distance between the planting mechanism 300 and the bottom of the river 10 through the carrier mechanism 100;
step D: planting bulrush 4 at the outermost edge of the river 10, and planting wild rice 5 and polygonum hydropiper 6 in the bulrush 4 in a mixed manner;
step E: planting cattail 7, iris citrifolia 8 and water bamboo taro 9 at the edge of a river 10 in pieces, wherein the cattail 7, iris citrifolia 8 and water bamboo taro 9 are positioned at the inner sides of reed 4, wild rice 5 and polygonum hydropiper 6;
step F: and completing the construction of the plant community.
As shown in fig. 7-8, the planting mechanism 300 comprises a bottom frame 301, a screen frame 302, a spacer ring 303, a barb 304, a sealing plate 305, a guide cylinder 306, a mounting rod 307, a limiting plate 308, a sliding chute 309, a through hole 310 and a connecting rod 311; the hollow-out frame 302 is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom frame 301, the hollow-out frame 302 is communicated with the bottom frame 301, the outer edge of the spacer ring 303 is welded on the inner surface of the hollow-out frame 302, the height of the outer edge of the spacer ring 303 is higher than that of the inner edge, the number of the spacer ring 303 is two or more, the spacer ring 303 is of a small-gap net structure, barbs 304 are uniformly welded on the upper surface of the spacer ring 303, and the tips of the barbs 304 face the inner edge of the spacer ring 303; the closing plate 305 is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow-out net frame 302, the guide cylinder 306 is installed at the central position of the closing plate 305 in a penetrating manner, the bottom end of the guide cylinder 306 penetrates through the inner edge of the spacer ring 303 and extends into the bottom frame 301, and the outer diameter of the guide cylinder 306 is smaller than the inner diameter of the spacer ring 303; each screen frame 302 is provided with two mounting rods 307, the two mounting rods 307 are respectively and fixedly mounted on two opposite corners of the top of the screen frame 302, and the limiting plate 308 is fixedly mounted at the top ends of the mounting rods 307; the number of the sliding grooves 309 is two, the two sliding grooves 309 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the floating plate 104, the two sliding grooves 309 are respectively located at one sides of the two third toothed chains 209, two mounting rods 307 are respectively arranged inside each sliding groove 309, the length of one sliding groove 309 is greater than the distance between the two mounting rods 307, one end of the connecting rod 311 is respectively fixedly mounted at one side of the mounting rod 307 located in the sliding groove 309, and the other end of the connecting rod 311 is fixedly connected with the upper half part of the third toothed chain 209; two groups of through holes 310 are provided, the number of each group of through holes 310 is two, the two groups of through holes 310 are symmetrically arranged on the floating plate 104, the two groups of through holes 310 are positioned between the two sliding grooves 309, and the two hollow-out frames 302 are respectively arranged on the floating plate 104 through the mounting rods 307 and the through holes 310; the carrier mechanism 100 adjusts the vertical distance between the planting mechanism 300 and the bottom of the river channel 10 by lifting the mounting rod 307, and a mixture of small-diameter pebbles and planting soil is paved in the bottom frame 301, wherein the small-diameter pebbles account for 20-40wt%, and the planting soil accounts for 60-80wt%; the vegetation soil is a mixture of 50-70wt% of river sludge and 30-50wt% of activated carbon, water lily 1, goldfish algae 2 and hydrilla verticillata 3 are mixed and planted in the bottom frame 301, wherein the Goldfish algae 2 and the hydrilla verticillata 3 are mixed and planted around the water lily 1, and a mixture of 20-40wt% of large-diameter pebbles and 60-80wt% of vegetation soil is filled between the space rings 303 in the hollow-out net frame 302.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the carrier mechanism 100 includes a slide 101, a slide ring 102, an L-shaped plate 103, and a floating plate 104; the two sliding columns 101 are in a group, each group of sliding columns 101 is symmetrically embedded at two sides of the river channel 10, the sliding rings 102 are sleeved on the sliding columns 101, through grooves are vertically formed in the inner walls of the sliding rings 102, the two sliding rings 102 on each group of sliding columns 101 are located on the same horizontal plane, every two L-shaped plates 103 are symmetrically installed on the two symmetrical sliding rings 102 relative to the river channel 10, and two ends of the floating plate 104 are fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the two symmetrical L-shaped plates 103 respectively; the floating plate 104 is provided with a mounting rod 307, and the distance between every two sliding columns 101 on the same side of the river channel 10 is 3m-4m.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the adjustment mechanism 200 includes a toothed plate 201, a drive gear 202, a first driven gear 203, a first gear set 204, a first toothed chain 205, a second gear set 206, a second toothed chain 207, a second driven gear 208, and a third toothed chain 209; the toothed plates 201 are vertically arranged on one side, close to the river channel 10, of the sliding columns 101, the toothed plates 201 and the through grooves in the sliding rings 102 are located on the same straight line, and the two toothed plates 201 on the two symmetrical sliding columns 101 are symmetrical about the river channel 10; the driving gear 202 is rotatably mounted inside the L-shaped plate 103, part of the driving gear 202 penetrates through the outer wall of the slip ring 102 and extends into the through groove, the first driven gear 203 is coaxially connected with the driving gear 202, and the first driven gear 203 cannot rotate relative to the driving gear 202; the first gear set 204 consists of two coaxial and relatively fixed gears, the first gear set 204 is rotatably installed inside the L-shaped plate 103, and one of the gears of the first gear set 204 is in transmission connection with the first driven gear 203 through a first toothed chain 205; the second gear set 206 is composed of two coaxial and relatively fixed gears, the second gear set 206 is rotatably installed at one end inside the floating plate 104, and one gear of the second gear set 206 is in transmission connection with the other gear of the first gear set 204 through a second gear chain 207; the second driven gear 208 is rotatably installed inside the floating plate 104 at a position close to the middle, the distance between the second gear set 206 and the second driven gear 208 is less than half of the length of the floating plate 104, and the second driven gear 208 is in transmission connection with another gear of the second gear set 206 through a third toothed chain 209; the driving gear 202, the first driven gear 203 and the first gear set 204 in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates 103 are symmetrical about the river 10, and the second gear set 206 and the second driven gear 208 at the two ends of the floating plate 104 are symmetrical about the midpoint of the floating plate 104.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the fertilizing mechanism 400 comprises a liquid flowing pipe 401, a pressurizing pump 402, a first exhaust valve 404, a liquid outlet pipe 405, a liquid inlet pipe 406, a liquid storage tank 407, a partition plate 408, a liquid storage cavity 409, a fertilizing cavity 410, a second exhaust valve 411, a liquid flowing hole 412, a sealing groove 413, a sealing frame 414, a spring 415, a hose 416 and an insertion head 417; liquid passing pipes 401 are respectively arranged in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates 103 and the floating plate 104, the liquid passing pipes 401 in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates 103 are in fluid communication with the liquid passing pipes 401 in the floating plate 104, the booster pump 402 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the L-shaped plates 103, the liquid inlet end of the liquid passing pipes 401 is in fluid communication with the liquid outlet end of the booster pump 402, and the first exhaust valve 404 is arranged at the other end of the liquid passing pipes 401; four liquid outlet pipes 405 are arranged in each floating plate 104 at equal intervals, the four liquid outlet pipes 405 are communicated with the liquid through pipe 401, and the inner surfaces of the liquid outlet pipes 405 are provided with threads; the liquid inlet pipe 406 is integrally arranged at the top of the liquid storage box 407, the outer surface of the liquid inlet pipe 406 is provided with threads matched with the inner surface of the liquid outlet pipe 405, and the liquid storage box 407 is communicated with the liquid through pipe 401 through the liquid inlet pipe 406 and the liquid outlet pipe 405; the liquid storage box 407 is divided into a liquid storage cavity 409 and a fertilization cavity 410 by a partition plate 408, a liquid through hole 412 penetrates through the center of the partition plate 408, a sealing groove 413 is formed in the side face of the partition plate 414 close to one side of the fertilization cavity 410, the sealing groove 413 and the liquid through hole 412 are coaxially arranged, the sealing frame 414 is a frame body with a closed bottom and a transparent top, the side wall of the sealing frame 414 is matched with the sealing groove 413, the top end of the side wall of the sealing frame 414 is inserted into the sealing groove 413, the number of the springs 415 is two or more, one end of each spring 415 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the sealing frame 414, and the other end of each spring 415 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fertilization cavity 410; the liquid inlet end of the hose 416 is in fluid communication with the fertilization cavity 410, the liquid inlet end of the insertion head 417 is in fluid communication with the liquid outlet end of the hose 416, and the liquid outlet end of the insertion head 417 is disposed in the guide cylinder 306.
The working principle is as follows: by planting reed 4, wild rice 5 and polygonum hydropiper 6 at the outermost edge of the river channel 10, planting arrowroot 9, cattail 7 and iris florida 8 at the edge of the river bank in a slicing way, and planting water lily 1, goldfish algae 2 and hydrilla verticillata 3 in the river channel 10, species in the river channel 10 and at the edge of the river channel 10 are abundant, nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water can be absorbed in a large amount, COD and BOD5 in the water are greatly reduced, the water quality standards of class III are achieved, fish are bred on the basis, the water biological chain is further improved, the water ecological system is balanced, the establishment and the improvement of the ecological system are promoted, the planting mechanisms 300 are automatically adjusted up and down along with the lifting of the horizontal plane by arranging the adjusting mechanisms 200, the planting mechanisms 300 are always positioned below the horizontal plane, the plants are prevented from being lack of water and died, the planting mechanisms 300 positioned at two sides can be automatically adjusted left and right, and the planting mechanisms 300 positioned at two sides are not influenced by the river channel 10 when being adjusted up and down; when the water level in dry seasons descends, the floating plate 104 can drive the planting mechanisms 300 to move downwards, after the water level descends for a certain distance, the driving gear 202 in the L-shaped plate 103 can be meshed with the toothed plate 201 to rotate, further the driving gear 202 can drive the third toothed chain 209 to rotate through the first toothed chain 205 and the second toothed chain 207, then the third toothed chain 209 can drive the mounting rod 307 to move towards the middle of the floating plate 104 through the connecting rod 311 fixed on the third toothed chain 209, further the bottom frame 301 and the hollow net frame 302 can be driven to move inwards, all the planting mechanisms 300 can be guaranteed to move downwards to be below the water level, when the water level rises in summer, the floating plate 104 can drive the planting mechanisms 300 to rise, through the meshed motion of the toothed plate 201 and the driving gear 202, the planting mechanisms 300 on the two sides can move towards the two ends of the floating plate 104, through the arrangement of the fertilizing mechanism 400, the plants in the planting mechanisms 300 can be directly fertilized, labor is greatly reduced, and the possibility of damage to the plants in the planting mechanisms 300 is avoided; the liquid fertilizer is filled into the liquid through pipe 401 through the booster pump 402, when the liquid fertilizer is flushed, the first exhaust valve 404 at the other end of the liquid through pipe 401 can exhaust the gas in the liquid through pipe 401, thereby avoiding the difficulty in liquid filling, when the liquid fertilizer flows through the liquid outlet pipe 405 on the side wall of the liquid through pipe 401, the liquid fertilizer can enter the liquid storage box 407 through the liquid inlet pipe 406, wherein the second exhaust valve 411 can exhaust the gas in the liquid storage box 407, so that the liquid storage box 407 can be filled with the liquid fertilizer, when the liquid fertilizer is filled with all the liquid storage boxes 407 and the liquid through pipe 401, the liquid fertilizer can extrude the sealing frame 414 under the action of the pressure of the booster pump 402, and then the liquid fertilizer can enter the hose 416 through the gap between the sealing frame 414 and the sealing groove 413, the aquatic organisms in the river channel 10 can enter pebbles in the hollowed-out frame 302 through the insertion head 417 and can provide a foot rest for the aquatic organisms by arranging the hollowed-out frame 302, excrement generated in the pebbles by the aquatic organisms can be used as fertilizer for plant growth and can provide nutrition for plants, the partition rings 303 with high outer parts and low inner parts can reduce impact of water flow on the inside of the hollowed-out frame 302, the barbs 304 are matched with the hollowed-out frame 302, loss of planting soil and silt in the hollowed-out frame 302 can be reduced, the planting mechanism 300 is installed on the floating plate 104 in a rhombic shape, impact of the water flow on the planting mechanism 300 can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the device can be prolonged.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the claims of this patent.

Claims (5)

1. A method for constructing a plant community of an amphibious purified water body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: the method comprises the following steps that an organization worker cleans two sides of a river channel (10), carrier mechanisms (100) are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the river channel (10), and adjusting mechanisms (200) are arranged on the carrier mechanisms (100);
and B: preparing a planting mechanism (300) planted with water lily (1), hornworts (2) and hydrilla verticillata (3);
step C: placing the planting mechanism (300) in river water, and adjusting the vertical distance between the planting mechanism (300) and the bottom of the river channel (10) through the carrier mechanism (100);
step D: planting bulrush (4) at the outermost edge of the river channel (10), and planting wild rice (5) and polygonum hydropiper (6) in the bulrush (4) in a mixed manner;
and E, step E: planting cattail (7), iris citrifolia (8) and water bamboo taro (9) at the edge of the river channel (10) in a slicing mode, wherein the cattail (7), the iris citrifolia (8) and the water bamboo taro (9) are located on the inner side of the reed (4), the wild rice (5) and the water knotweed (6);
step F: completing the construction of a plant community;
the carrier mechanism (100) comprises a sliding column (101), a sliding ring (102), an L-shaped plate (103) and a floating plate (104);
the two sliding columns (101) form a group, each group of sliding columns (101) is symmetrically embedded at two sides of the river channel (10), the sliding rings (102) are sleeved on the sliding columns (101), a through groove is vertically formed in the inner wall of each sliding ring (102), the two sliding rings (102) on each group of sliding columns (101) are located on the same horizontal plane, every two L-shaped plates (103) are symmetrically installed on the two symmetrical sliding rings (102) relative to the river channel (10), and two ends of the floating plate (104) are fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the two symmetrical L-shaped plates (103) respectively; the floating plate (104) is provided with the mounting rod (307);
the adjusting mechanism (200) comprises a toothed plate (201), a driving gear (202), a first driven gear (203), a first gear set (204), a first toothed chain (205), a second gear set (206), a second toothed chain (207), a second driven gear (208) and a third toothed chain (209);
the toothed plates (201) are vertically installed on one side, close to the river channel (10), of the sliding column (101), the toothed plates (201) and the through grooves in the sliding ring (102) are located on the same straight line, and the two toothed plates (201) on the two symmetrical sliding columns (101) are symmetrical about the river channel (10);
the driving gear (202) is rotatably mounted inside the L-shaped plate (103), part of the driving gear (202) penetrates through the outer wall of the sliding ring (102) and extends into the through groove, the first driven gear (203) is coaxially connected with the driving gear (202), and the first driven gear (203) cannot rotate relative to the driving gear (202);
the first gear set (204) consists of two coaxial gears which are fixed relatively, the first gear set (204) is rotatably installed inside the L-shaped plate (103), and one gear of the first gear set (204) is in transmission connection with the first driven gear (203) through the first toothed chain (205);
the second gear set (206) consists of two coaxial and relatively fixed gears, the second gear set (206) is rotatably installed at one end inside the floating plate (104), and one gear of the second gear set (206) is in transmission connection with the other gear of the first gear set (204) through the second gear chain (207);
the second driven gear (208) is rotatably arranged in the floating plate (104) at a position close to the middle, the distance between the second gear set (206) and the second driven gear (208) is less than half of the length of the floating plate (104), and the second driven gear (208) is in transmission connection with the other gear of the second gear set (206) through the third toothed chain (209);
the driving gear (202), the first driven gear (203) and the first gear set (204) in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates (103) are symmetrical about the river channel (10), and the second gear set (206) and the second driven gear (208) at two ends of the floating plate (104) are symmetrical about the midpoint of the floating plate (104).
2. The method for constructing a plant community of an amphibian purified water body according to claim 1,
the planting mechanism (300) comprises a bottom frame (301), a hollow-out net frame (302), a spacing ring (303), a barb (304), a sealing plate (305), a guide cylinder (306), an installation rod (307), a limiting plate (308), a sliding groove (309), a through hole (310) and a connecting rod (311);
the hollow-out frame (302) is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom frame (301), the hollow-out frame (302) is communicated with the bottom frame (301), the outer edge of the spacer ring (303) is welded on the inner surface of the hollow-out frame (302), the height of the outer edge of the spacer ring (303) is higher than that of the inner edge, the number of the spacer ring (303) is more than two, the spacer ring (303) is of a small-gap net structure, the barbs (304) are uniformly welded on the upper surface of the spacer ring (303), and the tips of the barbs (304) face towards the inner edge of the spacer ring (303);
the closing plate (305) is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow-out frame (302), the guide cylinder (306) is installed at the central position of the closing plate (305) in a penetrating mode, the bottom end of the guide cylinder (306) penetrates through the inner edge of the spacer ring (303) and extends into the bottom frame (301), and the outer diameter of the guide cylinder (306) is smaller than the inner diameter of the spacer ring (303);
the two mounting rods (307) are mounted on each screen frame (302), the two mounting rods (307) are respectively and fixedly mounted on two opposite corners of the top of the screen frame (302), and the limiting plate (308) is fixedly mounted at the top ends of the mounting rods (307);
the number of the sliding grooves (309) is two, the two sliding grooves (309) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the floating plate (104), the two sliding grooves (309) are respectively located at one side of the two third toothed chains (209), two mounting rods (307) are respectively arranged inside each sliding groove (309), the length of one sliding groove (309) is greater than the distance between the two mounting rods (307), one end of the connecting rod (311) is respectively fixedly mounted at one side of the mounting rods (307) located in the sliding groove (309), and the other end of the connecting rod (311) is fixedly connected with the upper half part of the third toothed chain (209);
the number of the through holes (310) is two, the number of each group of through holes (310) is two, the two groups of through holes (310) are symmetrically arranged on the floating plate (104), the two groups of through holes (310) are located between the two sliding grooves (309), and the two screen frames (302) are respectively installed on the floating plate (104) through the installation rods (307) and the through holes (310); the carrier mechanism (100) adjusts the vertical distance between the planting mechanism (300) and the bottom of the river channel (10) by lifting the mounting rod (307).
3. The method for constructing the amphibiont purified water plant community according to claim 1, wherein a mixture of small-diameter pebbles and vegetation soil is laid in the bottom frame (301), wherein the small-diameter pebbles account for 20-40wt%, and the vegetation soil accounts for 60-80wt%; the planting soil is a mixture of 50-70wt% of river silt and 30-50wt% of activated carbon, the water lily (1), the goldfish algae (2) and the hydrilla verticillata (3) are mixed and planted in the bottom frame (301), wherein the goldfish algae (2) and the hydrilla verticillata (3) are mixed and planted around the water lily (1), and a mixture consisting of 20-40wt% of large-diameter pebbles and 60-80wt% of planting soil is filled between the spacing rings (303) inside the hollow-out frame (302).
4. The method for constructing the amphibian purified water plant community according to claim 1, wherein the distance between every two sliding columns (101) on the same side of the river channel (10) is 3-4 m.
5. The amphibian purified water plant community construction method according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization mechanism (400) comprises a liquid through pipe (401), a booster pump (402), a first exhaust valve (404), a liquid outlet pipe (405), a liquid inlet pipe (406), a liquid storage tank (407), a partition plate (408), a liquid storage cavity (409), a fertilization cavity (410), a second exhaust valve (411), a liquid through hole (412), a sealing groove (413), a sealing frame (414), a spring (415), a hose (416) and an insertion head (417);
the liquid passing pipes (401) are respectively arranged in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates (103) and the floating plate (104), the liquid passing pipes (401) in the two symmetrical L-shaped plates (103) are communicated with the liquid passing pipes (401) in the floating plate (104) in a fluid mode, the booster pump (402) is fixedly installed at the top end of the L-shaped plates (103), the liquid inlet end of the liquid passing pipes (401) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the booster pump (402) in a fluid mode, and the first exhaust valve (404) is installed at the other end of the liquid passing pipes (401);
four liquid outlet pipes (405) are arranged in each floating plate (104) at equal intervals, the four liquid outlet pipes (405) are communicated with the liquid through pipe (401) in a fluid mode, and the inner surfaces of the liquid outlet pipes (405) are provided with threads;
the liquid inlet pipe (406) is integrally installed at the top of the liquid storage box (407), the outer surface of the liquid inlet pipe (406) is provided with threads matched with the inner surface of the liquid outlet pipe (405), and the liquid storage box (407) is in fluid communication with the liquid through pipe (401) through the liquid inlet pipe (406) and the liquid outlet pipe (405);
the liquid storage box (407) is divided into a liquid storage cavity (409) and a fertilization cavity (410) by the partition plate (408), the liquid through hole (412) penetrates through the center of the partition plate (408), the sealing groove (413) is formed in the side face of the partition plate (408) close to one side of the fertilization cavity (410), the sealing groove (413) and the liquid through hole (412) are coaxially arranged, the sealing frame (414) is a frame body with a closed bottom and a transparent top, the side wall of the sealing frame (414) is matched with the sealing groove (413), the top end of the side wall of the sealing frame (414) is inserted into the sealing groove (413), the number of the springs (415) is more than two, one end of each spring (415) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the sealing frame (414), and the other end of each spring (415) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the fertilization cavity (410); the liquid inlet end of the hose (416) is in fluid communication with the fertilizing cavity (410), the liquid inlet end of the inserting head (417) is in fluid communication with the liquid outlet end of the hose (416), and the liquid outlet end of the inserting head (417) is arranged in the guide cylinder (306).
CN202111239847.1A 2021-10-25 2021-10-25 Method for constructing amphibian purified water plant community Active CN113979543B (en)

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CN102491525B (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-07-03 中国科学院武汉植物园 Method for building river course ecological restoration vegetation
CN105502666B (en) * 2015-12-08 2018-05-15 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 A kind of two plant community hight method of land and water with purifying water body
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