CN113977479B - Automatic alignment method using optical alignment - Google Patents
Automatic alignment method using optical alignment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113977479B CN113977479B CN202111244451.6A CN202111244451A CN113977479B CN 113977479 B CN113977479 B CN 113977479B CN 202111244451 A CN202111244451 A CN 202111244451A CN 113977479 B CN113977479 B CN 113977479B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing and processing, and particularly relates to an automatic alignment method and device utilizing optical alignment. The workpiece to be aligned and the optical transceiver module are arranged on the same horizontal plane, a first reference point, a second reference point, a third reference point and a fourth reference point are marked on the workpiece, the first reference point, the second reference point, the third reference point and the fourth reference point are all located on the horizontal plane, the workpiece is rotated on the horizontal plane, a light beam between the first transmitting end and the first receiving end passes through the first reference point and the second reference point, and a light beam between the second transmitting end and the second receiving end passes through the third reference point and the fourth reference point, so that alignment operation is completed. The invention adopts optical automation alignment, improves alignment efficiency and precision, and reduces abrasion of workpieces in the alignment process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing and processing, and particularly relates to an automatic alignment method and device utilizing optical alignment.
Background
The alignment operation is involved in the automatic operation process of various industries, such as automatic assembly of workpieces with positioning requirements, mechanical alignment is adopted at present, the alignment speed is low, the error is large, the alignment is inaccurate, and multiple tests and corrections are needed. Additional sensors are required to communicate the alignment results to the logic controller after alignment. For example, the front part of a commercial construction drill bit is required to be welded with a hard alloy sheet, and the hard alloy sheet is fixed to the drill bit by welding such as brazing, thereby resisting abrasion. At present, most enterprises weld hard alloy sheets after putting the hard alloy sheets into grooves in the head of a drill rod manually, and the speed is low and the efficiency is low. Some enterprises have developed welding automation equipment, but the faults of the using process are frequent, which are caused by faults of the aligning process. The alignment procedure adopts mechanical alignment, and has the main problems of large alignment error, poor stability, difficult accurate detection, automatic interruption of automatic operation caused by failure of alignment, serious influence on the operation of equipment and great reduction of production yield.
Disclosure of Invention
In summary, the prior art has the following drawbacks:
1) The structure is complex, the abrasion is large, and the wear is not durable;
2) The complete alignment is difficult to realize, an included angle is formed between the alignment and the horizontal direction, the error is large, and the alignment precision is not high;
3) The mechanical alignment speed is low, and the efficiency is low;
4) After mechanical alignment, the program interruption cannot be continued because of large error and poor stability and difficult accurate detection;
5) In order to ensure the effect during alignment, a deviation correcting device is required to be arranged, and an additional detector is still required after alignment, so that detection signals are controlled and processed.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a new alignment method and a device, and the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic alignment method using optical alignment comprises a workpiece to be aligned and an optical transceiver module, wherein the optical transceiver module comprises a first transmitting end, a second transmitting end, a first receiving end and a second receiving end, the first transmitting end, the second transmitting end, the first receiving end and the second receiving end are all arranged on the same horizontal plane, the first transmitting end and the second receiving end are arranged on one side of the workpiece, the first receiving end and the second transmitting end are respectively arranged on the other side of the workpiece,
calibrating a first reference point, a second reference point, a third reference point and a fourth reference point on the workpiece, wherein the first reference point, the second reference point, the third reference point and the fourth reference point are all positioned on a horizontal plane,
the alignment method is as follows:
and rotating the workpiece on the horizontal plane, enabling the light beam between the first transmitting end and the first receiving end to pass through the first reference point and the second reference point, and enabling the light beam between the second transmitting end and the second receiving end to pass through the third reference point and the fourth reference point, so that the alignment operation is completed.
Further, the first emitting end and the second emitting end are mutually angled, two crossed light rays are emitted, and the crossed point is positioned in the middle of the horizontal plane of the workpiece.
Further, the rotation of the workpiece is driven by a variable speed power module.
Further, the power module further comprises a control module, wherein the control module receives signals of the first receiving end and the second receiving end and sends electric signals to the power module.
An automatic alignment device using optical alignment comprises a groove-shaped workpiece to be aligned,
further comprises: the first laser emitter is arranged on one side of the workpiece and is used for emitting a first light beam;
the second laser emitter is arranged on the other side of the workpiece, forms an angle with the first laser emitter and is used for emitting a second light beam;
the first laser receiver and the second laser transmitter are arranged on the same side of the workpiece and are used for receiving the first light beam;
the second laser receiver is arranged on the same side of the workpiece as the first laser receiver and is used for receiving a second light beam;
the first laser receiver and the second laser receiver are provided with indicator lamps.
Further, the laser light source device also comprises a PLC controller, wherein the controller is provided with at least two signal acquisition connection pins which are respectively connected with the signal output ends of the first laser receiver and the second laser receiver;
the base of the workpiece is provided with a power module, the power module comprises a stepping motor and a stepping motor driver, the stepping motor is connected with the stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor driver is connected with the output end of the PLC.
Further, the PLC controller also comprises a start button and a stop button, and the start button and the stop button are connected with the PLC controller.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The structure is simple, the abrasion is small, and the structure is firm and durable;
2) The error is small, and the alignment precision is high;
3) The alignment speed is high, the efficiency is high, and the time is saved compared with the original alignment mechanism;
4) The alignment success rate is high, and the stability is good;
5) After alignment, an additional detector is not needed, and a switching value detection signal can be directly sent to a programmable controller for processing, so that the stability of program operation is ensured
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an alignment principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a groove-shaped workpiece; 2. a direct current power supply; 3. a first laser transmitter; 4. a first light beam; 5. a second laser transmitter; 6. a second light beam; 7. a first laser receiver; 8. a second laser receiver; 9. a PLC controller; 10. a stepping motor; 11. a stepper motor driver.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2: an automatic alignment method using optical alignment comprises a groove-shaped workpiece 1 to be aligned and an optical transceiver module, wherein the optical transceiver module comprises a first transmitting end, a second transmitting end, a first receiving end and a second receiving end which are all arranged on the same horizontal plane, the first transmitting end and the second receiving end are arranged on one side of the workpiece, the first receiving end and the second transmitting end are respectively arranged on the other side of the workpiece,
calibrating a first reference point, a second reference point, a third reference point and a fourth reference point on the workpiece, wherein the first reference point, the second reference point, the third reference point and the fourth reference point are all positioned on a horizontal plane,
the alignment method is as follows:
and rotating the workpiece on the horizontal plane, enabling the light beam between the first transmitting end and the first receiving end to pass through the first reference point and the second reference point, and enabling the light beam between the second transmitting end and the second receiving end to pass through the third reference point and the fourth reference point, so that the alignment operation is completed.
The first emitting end and the second emitting end are mutually angled, two crossed light rays are emitted, and the crossing point is positioned in the middle of the horizontal plane of the workpiece.
The base of the grooved workpiece 1 is rotatable and is driven by a variable speed power module.
The power module is used for receiving signals of the first receiving end and the second receiving end and transmitting electric signals to the power module.
An automatic alignment device using optical alignment comprises a groove-shaped workpiece 1 to be aligned, a direct current power supply 2,
further comprises: a first laser emitter 3 disposed at one side of the workpiece for emitting a first light beam 4;
a second laser transmitter 5 disposed on the other side of the workpiece and at an angle to the first laser transmitter 3 for transmitting a second beam 6;
a first laser receiver 7, disposed on the same side of the workpiece as the second laser transmitter 5, for receiving the first light beam 4;
a second laser receiver 8, disposed on the same side of the workpiece as the first laser receiver 7, for receiving the second light beam 6;
the first laser receiver 7 and the second laser receiver 8 are provided with indicator lamps.
The device also comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) 9, wherein the controller is provided with at least two signal acquisition connection pins which are respectively connected with the signal output ends of the first laser receiver 7 and the second laser receiver 8;
the base of work piece is provided with power module, and power module includes step motor 10 and step motor driver 11, and step motor driver 11 is connected to step motor 10, and step motor driver 11 is connected with PLC controller 9 output.
And the device also comprises a start button and a stop button, and the start button and the stop button are connected with the PLC 9.
In the device: the direct current power supply 2 is provided with an L end and an N end which are used for connecting 220V commercial power, a PE end which is used for grounding, and a 24+ end and a 24-end which are used for outputting direct current;
the PLC 9 is provided with an L end and an N end for connecting 220V alternating current, a PE end for grounding, a public end COM0 end and a COM1 end, input ends X0, X1, X2 and X3 and output ends Y0 and Y1;
the stepping motor driver 11 is provided with pulse ends STEP+, STEP-, direction ends DIR+, DIR-, direct current terminals V+, V-, and stepping motor 10 terminals A+, A-, B+ and B-;
the stepping motor 10 is provided with four wiring terminals of yellow, blue, green and red;
the first laser emitter and the second laser emitter 5 are respectively provided with a blue wiring terminal and a brown wiring terminal;
blue, brown and black three wiring terminals are respectively arranged on the first laser receiver 7 and the second laser receiver 8.
Wherein: a specific line connection is shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the angle between the first laser transmitter 3 and the second laser transmitter 5 needs to be calculated according to the size of the groove-shaped workpiece 1, and if the groove width of the groove-shaped workpiece 1 is a and the length is b, the complement angle of the included angle between the first beam 4 and the second beam 6 is α, tgα=2ab/(b) 2 -a 2 ) The two beams of light are all aligned through the inner groove of the groove-type workpiece 1, namely a first reference point, a second reference point, a third reference point and a fourth reference point are respectively positioned at four edges of the inner groove of the groove-type workpiece 1 and positioned on the same plane;
after the first light receiver and the second light receiver send the model to the PLC controller 9, the PLC controller 9 performs operation,
1) After feeding, when the two light beams of the first light beam 4 and the second light beam 6 pass through completely, the alignment is finished;
2) When the first light beam 4 passes and the second light beam 6 does not pass, the programmable controller controls the stepping motor 10 to rotate so as to drive the groove-shaped workpiece 1 to rotate, when the second light beam 6 passes and the stepping motor 10 operates at a reduced speed, and when the second light beam 6 passes again, the stepping motor 10 stops rotating, and vice versa;
3) The stepping motor 10 rotates when neither the first light beam 4 nor the second light beam 6 passes, and decelerates when either the first light beam 4 or the second light beam 6 passes, and stops when both the first light beam 4 and the second light beam 6 pass, and alignment ends.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the application has the optimization effect on parameters such as the abrasion loss, alignment error, speed, alignment success rate and the like of the workpiece:
Claims (4)
1. an automatic alignment method using optical alignment is characterized by comprising a groove-shaped workpiece to be aligned and an optical transceiver module, wherein the optical transceiver module comprises a first transmitting end, a second transmitting end, a first receiving end and a second receiving end, the first transmitting end, the second transmitting end, the first receiving end and the second receiving end are all arranged on the same horizontal plane, the first transmitting end and the second receiving end are arranged on one side of the workpiece, the first receiving end and the second transmitting end are respectively positioned on the other side of the workpiece,
calibrating a first reference point, a second reference point, a third reference point and a fourth reference point on the workpiece, wherein the first reference point, the second reference point, the third reference point and the fourth reference point are all positioned on the horizontal plane,
the alignment method is as follows:
and rotating the workpiece on the horizontal plane, enabling the light beam between the first transmitting end and the first receiving end to pass through the first reference point and the second reference point, and enabling the light beam between the second transmitting end and the second receiving end to pass through the third reference point and the fourth reference point, so that the alignment operation is completed.
2. An automatic alignment method using optical alignment according to claim 1, wherein the first emission end and the second emission end are angled to each other to emit two intersecting light rays, and the intersecting point is located in the middle of the horizontal plane of the workpiece.
3. An automatic alignment method using optical alignment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotation of the workpiece is driven by a variable speed power module.
4. A method of auto-alignment using optical alignment as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a control module that receives signals from the first and second receiving terminals and sends an electrical signal to the power module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111244451.6A CN113977479B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Automatic alignment method using optical alignment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111244451.6A CN113977479B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Automatic alignment method using optical alignment |
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| CN113977479A CN113977479A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113977479B true CN113977479B (en) | 2023-04-25 |
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| CN202111244451.6A Active CN113977479B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Automatic alignment method using optical alignment |
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| CN108296759A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-20 | 彭德文 | A kind of reflective laser centralising device |
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| CN208818843U (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-05-03 | 杭州国辰迈联机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of syringe needle for transfusion device positioning mechanism |
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| CN100553873C (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2009-10-28 | 力山工业股份有限公司 | The laser locating apparatus that is used for drilling machine |
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2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111244451.6A patent/CN113977479B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| DE10239940A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Sick Ag | Light barrier or light grid |
| DE102004020406A1 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-10 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch AG | Measuring device and method for determining the straightness of hollow cylindrical or hollow conical body or their orientation relative to each other |
| CN104457623A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-03-25 | 吉林大学 | Laser measurement device for centralization error |
| CN108296759A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-20 | 彭德文 | A kind of reflective laser centralising device |
| CN208818843U (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-05-03 | 杭州国辰迈联机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of syringe needle for transfusion device positioning mechanism |
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| CN113977479A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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