CN113974574A - Imaging system and imaging method based on multi-modal optics - Google Patents
Imaging system and imaging method based on multi-modal optics Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a multi-modality optical based imaging system comprising: a light source unit for emitting first and second measurement lights; an optical switch connected to the light source unit for switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light; the multi-mode camera unit is used for acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and the image processing unit is used for imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics. Meanwhile, the invention also provides an imaging method based on multimode optics, and imaging is carried out based on the imaging system.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of optical imaging technologies, and in particular, to an imaging system and an imaging method based on multi-modal optics.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, the comprehensive application of multidisciplinary technology in the medical field is rapidly developed, especially the application of optical imaging technology, however, any single-mode optical image has the defect that the single-mode optical image is difficult to overcome, so that the comprehensive and accurate information cannot be provided, and the multi-mode optical imaging technology is usually required to rely on a complex imaging system and complicated operation.
Therefore, how to provide a multi-modality-based, more accurate and efficient imaging system and processing method is an urgent technical issue to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the above problems, the present disclosure provides an imaging system and an imaging method based on multi-modal optics, so as to alleviate technical problems in the prior art that a single-modal optical image cannot provide comprehensive and accurate information, and a multi-modal optical imaging system is complex and complicated in calculation.
(II) technical scheme
In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a multi-modality optical-based imaging system, comprising: a light source unit for emitting first and second measurement lights; an optical switch connected to the light source unit for switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light; the multi-mode camera unit is used for acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and the image processing unit is used for imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the first measuring light is coherent light with a wavelength of 550nm and a bandwidth within 0.1 nm.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second measurement light is a broad spectrum white light with a wavelength range of 400-800 nm.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical switch is two inputs, one output.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multimodal camera unit comprises a band pass filter having a center wavelength selected from 544nm, 550nm, 568nm, 576nm, 592nm and 600 nm.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the first signal generated after the first measurement light irradiates the tissue is a diffuse speckle signal.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second signal generated after the second measurement light irradiates the tissue is a spread spectrum signal.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the imaging field of view of the multi-mode camera unit is adjusted to 3cm × 3cm, a 35 × 35 pixel region at a position with a horizontal distance of 10mm from a light source to a detection point is selected as a light source point, the ROI is averagely divided into 9 parts, each part adopts a 7 × 7 space window to extract corrected speckle contrast, and then the average value of statistics of the 9 parts in the ROI is further calculated to calculate an accurate blood flow index, and further regional blood flow topology image information is obtained.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, smoothing, filtering, denoising and light intensity normalization are carried out on the image to obtain reflectance images R (lambda) under different wavelengths; by adopting a blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm based on a second derivative of the spectrum, the blood oxygen saturation value of the tissue is obtained by utilizing nonlinear fitting, and the proportion of light absorbed by blood on a transmission path in the tissue can be further calculated according to the diffused light intensity of different wavelengths, so that the blood flow content in the tissue is obtained, on one hand, a basis can be provided for blood flow speed detection and correction, and on the other hand, the blood flow content can also be utilized for carrying out physiological and pathological state diagnosis on human tissues; the adopted method is based on the blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm of the second derivative of the spectrum, and the blood flow volume of the tissue is obtained by nonlinear fitting, namely:
Vblood＝100(-1.4SDR3+4.82SDR2-5.66SDR+2.38)；
performing blood flow velocity measurement correction
Wherein SDR is a second order reciprocal value of the spectrum, rλIs the reflected light intensity at wavelength λ, flowmeasuredThe blood flow velocity is measured.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging method based on multi-modality optics, which performs imaging based on the imaging system of any one of the above, the imaging method including: operation S1: emitting first measuring light and second measuring light; operation S2: switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light; operation S3: acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and operation S4: and imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the imaging system and the imaging method based on the multi-modal optics have at least one or part of the following advantages:
(1) the multi-mode signal imaging device can simultaneously process diffused speckle signals generated by emitting coherent light from the surface of the tissue after the coherent light is emitted into the tissue and is scattered by the tissue, and diffused spectrum signals generated by emitting the wide-spectrum white light LED light source from the surface of the tissue after the wide-spectrum white light LED light source is emitted into the tissue and is absorbed and scattered by the tissue, so that multi-mode signal imaging is realized, and the multi-mode signal imaging device has spatial and spectral resolution capabilities.
(2) The system can simultaneously measure the blood flow velocity and the blood flow volume, and simultaneously can eliminate the influence of the multiple scattering of the red blood cells in the blood flow on the velocity measurement by utilizing the blood flow volume and the multiple scattering model.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an imaging system based on multi-modal optics according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an imaging method based on multi-modal optics according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The imaging system can simultaneously detect a diffusion speckle signal generated by emitting coherent light to the tissue after the coherent light is emitted to the tissue and is scattered by the tissue, and a diffusion spectrum signal generated by emitting a wide-spectrum white light LED light source to the tissue after the wide-spectrum white light LED light source is emitted to the tissue and is absorbed and scattered by the tissue, so that multi-mode signal imaging is realized, and the imaging system has space and spectrum resolution capability. Meanwhile, the imaging system can measure the blood flow velocity and the blood flow volume simultaneously, and can eliminate the influence of the multiple scattering of red blood cells in the blood flow on velocity measurement by utilizing the blood flow volume and the multiple scattering model.
In the process of realizing the disclosure, the inventor finds that most of the existing devices for detecting the tissue blood flow and the metabolic change are single-point measurement, the surface imaging and the spatial resolution capability are lacked, the measurement can only be performed on superficial tissues in the measurement, the blood flow signal of deep tissues cannot be measured, or the influence of blood flow volume and red blood cell multiple scattering in the blood flow is not considered in the measurement.
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, an imaging system based on multi-modality optics is provided, which may be used for early assessment of brain function of a subject, especially an infant, as shown in fig. 1, the imaging system includes:
a light source unit for emitting first and second measurement lights;
an optical switch connected to the light source unit for switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light;
the multi-mode camera unit is used for acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and
and the image processing unit is used for imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the system can simultaneously detect a diffusion speckle signal generated by emitting coherent light from the surface of a tissue after the coherent light is emitted to the tissue and is scattered by the tissue, and a diffusion spectrum signal generated by emitting the wide-spectrum white light LED light from the surface of the tissue after the wide-spectrum white light LED light is emitted to the tissue and is absorbed and scattered by the tissue. The blood flow detection method based on the diffusion speckle is related, the phase and the transformation of an emergent light field can be caused by the movement of red blood cells in blood vessels, and further, the time autocorrelation function of an electric field formed by dynamic scattering is changed, so that a dynamic interference signal is generated. On the basis that the imaging system acquires a dynamic scattering coherent signal in a certain spatial range, the blood flow velocity can be calculated through model and algorithm processing. In the disclosure, firstly, according to the intensity of the diffused light with different wavelengths, the proportion of the light absorbed by the blood on the transmission path in the tissue can be further calculated, so as to obtain the blood flow content in the tissue, on one hand, the method can provide a basis for detecting and correcting the blood flow speed, and on the other hand, the method can also utilize the blood flow content to diagnose the physiological and pathological states of the human tissue. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a correction method for blood flow detection by correcting Lambert beer law, and the measurement speed of the diffused speckle is easily influenced by multiple scattering of red blood cells in blood flow, so that the blood volume in the tissue can influence the measurement result of the flow speed to a certain extent.
In the disclosed embodiment, the light source unit includes a relevant laser light source and a broad spectrum white light LED light source; wherein, the wavelength of the coherent laser light source is 550nm, the bandwidth is within 0.1nm, and the coherent laser light source is mainly used for measuring blood flow dynamic scattering signals in tissues; the wide-spectrum white light LED light source with the wavelength range of 400-800nm is mainly used for measuring the blood flow content in tissues.
In the disclosed embodiment, the optical switch is a fiber optic switch that includes two inputs, one output, primarily for switching between a coherent laser light source and a broad spectrum white LED light source,
in the embodiment of the disclosure, the multi-mode camera unit mainly comprises a multi-mode camera used for collecting diffused speckle signals and diffused spectrum signals, in the invention, different band-pass filters are adopted to obtain spectrum images, and the band-pass filters are selected from 544nm, 550nm, 568nm, 576nm, 592nm and 600nm according to blood oxygen absorption characteristics.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the image processing unit includes an image generating and processing device, and is mainly composed of an image acquisition card, an image sensor, and a computer for image processing.
The imaging system can simultaneously detect a diffusion speckle signal generated by emitting coherent light to the tissue after the coherent light is emitted to the tissue and is scattered by the tissue, and a diffusion spectrum signal generated by emitting the wide-spectrum white light LED light source to the tissue after the wide-spectrum white light LED light source is emitted to the tissue and is absorbed and scattered by the tissue.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for detecting blood flow based on diffuse speckle is provided:
adjusting the imaging visual field of a camera to 3cm multiplied by 3cm, taking a laser (coherent light) scanning center (intensity maximum value) as a light source point, selecting a 35 multiplied by 35 pixel Region at a position with a light source-detection point horizontal distance of 10mm as a Region of Interest (ROI), averagely dividing the ROI into 9 parts, extracting corrected speckle contrast by adopting a space window with the size of 7 multiplied by 7 for each part, further calculating the average value of 9 part statistics in the ROI to calculate accurate blood flow index, repeating the process, obtaining the blood flow indexes of a plurality of detection points in the Region, and further obtaining regional blood flow topology image information
In embodiments of the present disclosure, it relates to diffusion-spectrum-based blood content measurement:
in the wavelength range of 400-700 nm, the absorption peaks of oxyhemoglobin (HbO) are 414nm, 540nm and 576nm respectively. The absorption peaks of deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) are 433nm and 557 nm. The absorption coefficients of the two are approximately equal under the wavelength of 500nm, 570nm and 808nm, and the two belong to insensitive wavelength; the difference of the absorption coefficients under 420nm, 480nm and 600nm is large, the sensitive waveband is a sensitive waveband, and the sensitive waveband is based on the Lambert-beer law, and under a certain wavelength:
A(λ)＝ελ(HbO)·CHbO·L+ελ(Hb)·CHb·L+α (4-4)
wherein A (λ) represents the absorbance at a wavelength λ,. epsilonλ(HbO) and ελ(Hb) the molar absorption coefficients of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, respectively; cHbO，CHbAnd CmelConcentrations of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and melanin, respectively. α represents the influence of absorption and scattering by other absorbing substances on absorbance, and L represents the optical path, independent of the wavelength λ.
And determining 6 optimal wavelengths according to the absorption characteristics of the hemoglobin in the visible light band to perform blood oxygen reconstruction on the tissue, namely 544nm, 550nm, 568nm, 576nm, 592nm and 600 nm. In this study, first, after an image of a body tissue is acquired by using a multispectral imaging technology, smoothing, filtering, denoising, and light intensity normalization are performed on the image to obtain reflectance images R (λ) at different wavelengths. By adopting a blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm based on a second derivative of the spectrum, the blood oxygen saturation value of the tissue is obtained by utilizing nonlinear fitting, and the proportion of light absorbed by blood on a transmission path in the tissue can be further calculated according to the diffused light intensity of different wavelengths, so that the blood flow content in the tissue is obtained, on one hand, a basis can be provided for blood flow speed detection and correction, and on the other hand, the blood flow content can also be utilized for carrying out physiological and pathological state diagnosis on human tissues. The adopted method is based on the blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm of the second derivative of the spectrum, and the blood flow volume V of the tissue is obtained by utilizing nonlinear fittingbloodI.e. by
Vblood＝100(-1.4SDR3+4.82SDR2-5.66SDR+2.38)
In the disclosed embodiments, correction of in vivo blood flow detection based on modified lambert beer's law is involved:
because the measurement speed of the diffused speckle is easily influenced by the multiple scattering of the red blood cells in the blood flow, the blood volume in the tissue also influences the measurement result of the flow speed to a certain extent
Wherein SDR is a second order reciprocal value of the spectrum, rλIs the reflected light intensity at wavelength λ, flowmeasuredThe blood flow velocity is measured.
So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. Further, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or arrangements of parts mentioned in the examples, which may be easily modified or substituted by those of ordinary skill in the art.
From the above description, those skilled in the art should clearly recognize that the present disclosure is based on a multi-modal optical imaging system and imaging method.
In summary, the present disclosure provides an imaging system and an imaging method based on multi-modal optics, the system can simultaneously detect a diffuse speckle signal generated by emitting coherent light from the surface of a tissue after the coherent light is incident on the tissue and is scattered by the tissue, and a diffuse spectrum signal generated by emitting the coherent light from the surface of the tissue after a wide-spectrum white-light LED light source is incident on the tissue and is absorbed and scattered by the tissue, so as to realize multi-modal signal imaging and have spatial and spectral resolution capabilities. The system can simultaneously measure the blood flow velocity and the blood flow volume, and simultaneously can eliminate the influence of the multiple scattering of the red blood cells in the blood flow on the velocity measurement by utilizing the blood flow volume and the multiple scattering model.
It should also be noted that directional terms, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, used in the embodiments are only directions referring to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, like elements are represented by like or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may obscure the understanding of the present disclosure. And the shapes and sizes of the respective components in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify a corresponding element does not by itself connote any ordinal number of the element or any ordering of one element from another or the order of manufacture, and the use of the ordinal numbers is only used to distinguish one element having a certain name from another element having a same name.
In addition, unless steps are specifically described or must occur in sequence, the order of the steps is not limited to that listed above and may be changed or rearranged as desired by the desired design. The embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e., technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An imaging system based on multi-modality optics, comprising:
a light source unit for emitting first and second measurement lights;
an optical switch connected to the light source unit for switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light;
the multi-mode camera unit is used for acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and
and the image processing unit is used for imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics.
2. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 1, wherein the first measurement light is coherent light having a wavelength of 550nm and a bandwidth within 0.1 nm.
3. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 1, wherein the second measurement light is broad spectrum white light in the wavelength range 400-800 nm.
4. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 1, the optical switch is two inputs, one output.
5. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 1, the multimodal camera unit comprising a bandpass filter having a center wavelength selected from 544nm, 550nm, 568nm, 576nm, 592nm, and 600 nm.
6. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 2, wherein the first signal generated after the first measurement light illuminates tissue is a diffuse speckle signal.
7. The multimodal optics based imaging system of claim 3, wherein the second signal generated after the second measurement light illuminates tissue is a diffuse spectral signal.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the imaging field of view of the multi-modal camera unit is adjusted to 3cm x 3cm, the center of the coherent light scan is used as the light source point, a 35 x 35 pixel region at a 10mm horizontal distance from the light source to the probe point is selected as the ROI, the ROI is divided into 9 parts on average, each part is extracted by a 7 x 7 spatial window to correct speckle contrast, and then the average of statistics of the 9 parts in the ROI is further calculated to calculate the accurate blood flow index, and further obtain the regional blood flow topology image information.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the image is smoothed, filtered, denoised and intensity normalized to obtain reflectance images R (λ) at different wavelengths; by adopting a blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm based on a second derivative of the spectrum, the blood oxygen saturation value of the tissue is obtained by utilizing nonlinear fitting, and the proportion of light absorbed by blood on a transmission path in the tissue can be further calculated according to the diffused light intensity of different wavelengths, so that the blood flow content in the tissue is obtained, on one hand, a basis can be provided for blood flow speed detection and correction, and on the other hand, the blood flow content can also be utilized for carrying out physiological and pathological state diagnosis on human tissues; the adopted method is based on the blood oxygen reconstruction algorithm of the second derivative of the spectrum, and the blood flow volume of the tissue is obtained by nonlinear fitting, namely:
Vblood＝100(-1.4SDR3+4.82SDR2-5.66SDR+2.38)；
performing blood flow velocity measurement correction
Wherein SDR is a second order reciprocal value of the spectrum, rλIs the reflected light intensity at wavelength λ, flowmeasuredThe blood flow velocity is measured.
10. An imaging method based on multi-modality optics, which performs imaging based on the imaging system of any one of claims 1 to 9, the imaging method comprising:
operation S1: emitting first measuring light and second measuring light;
operation S2: switching between the first measurement light and the second measurement light;
operation S3: acquiring a first signal generated after the first measuring light irradiates the tissue and a second signal generated after the second measuring light irradiates the tissue to be measured; and
operation S4: and imaging the first signal and the second signal to obtain an image based on multi-modal optics.
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