CN113973576B

CN113973576B - Semi-automatic harvesting machine for muscat

Info

Publication number: CN113973576B
Application number: CN202111314868.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨莹; 管敬喜; 孙健; 叶冬青; 黄羽; 李杰民
Original assignee: Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-11-08
Filing date: 2021-11-08
Publication date: 2023-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-08
Also published as: CN113973576A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of harvesting equipment, and particularly discloses a semi-automatic harvesting machine for muscadine grapes. The whole device can be moved in the field freely by hand pushed by a user, and is convenient to transfer. The controller is positioned at a position which can be operated by a single hand of a user at any time, and the control is convenient. After the electric drive impact head vibrates the grape trunk, the grape falls while screening and gathering are realized, and finally, the aggregate support is taken away, so that the grape trunk vibrating device is convenient to use.

Description

Semi-automatic harvesting machine for muscat

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of harvesting equipment, and particularly relates to a semi-automatic harvesting machine for round-leaf grapes.

Background

The muscadine grape is produced in southeast of America, has unique flavor, strong fruit fragrance, disease and insect resistance, strong adaptability, and damp-heat resistant climate environment, and has been planted for more than 200 years in the America. The muscadine grape is rich in polyphenols and anthocyanin, the antioxidant activity of the muscadine grape is 40 times that of other grapes, the resveratrol is 6-8 times that of other grapes, the ellagic acid is unique, the grape wine has good health care effects of oxidation resistance, cancer resistance, tumor resistance and the like, and the fruit of the grape wine can be eaten fresh and can also be used for brewing wine.

At present, the problem of inconsistent mature periods of muscat grapes brings difficulty to fruit harvesting. Manual harvesting needs to be carried out one by one, so that the cost is high and the efficiency is low. The research finds that a characteristic exists in the maturation process of muscadine grapes: mature fruit grains on the same fruit cluster are easy to fall off, and immature fruit grains are not easy to fall off. The picking process can be optimized by utilizing the characteristics.

The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a semi-automatic round-leaf grape harvesting machine, which reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves the harvesting efficiency.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a semi-automatic harvesting machine for muscadine grapes, which comprises: the device comprises a chassis, wherein a cavity and a partition plate are arranged in the chassis, the partition plate divides the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated, a first stop door and a second stop door for temporarily opening the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the chassis, and a plurality of universal wheels are arranged on the lower side of the chassis; an armrest disposed outside the chassis; the vibration module comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a guide post, a striking rod and an impact head, the motor drives the striking rod to reciprocate through the transmission mechanism, the impact head is located at the upper end of the striking rod, the guide post surrounds the striking rod and is used for guiding the striking rod to move, the motor and the transmission mechanism are installed in the first cavity, and the guide post is located above the first cavity; the collecting module comprises an upper collecting support and a lower collecting support which are unfolded, the upper collecting support is positioned on the upper side of the chassis, the upper collecting support is of a horn-shaped structure with an upward opening, the bottom of the upper collecting support is communicated with the second cavity, the lower collecting support is positioned in the second cavity, an object falls on the upper collecting support and then is guided into the second cavity and the lower collecting support, and the lower collecting support can be drawn out when the second shutter is opened; the controller is arranged on the handrail, the power supply is arranged in the first cavity, and the controller is connected with the motor to control the rotating speed of the motor.

Adopt above-mentioned scheme, first cavity and second cavity hold different units respectively, avoid both to influence each other effectively.

By adopting the scheme, the characteristic that the grape trunks have certain toughness is utilized, and the grape trunks can reset after being impacted upwards. When using, the user pushes the below of grape trunk with the device, inserts the impact head (lift off the impact head temporarily and mainly reduce the whole height of device, the convenient removal), can adjust the rotational speed of motor through the controller, then adjust the frequency that the impact head strikes grape trunk downside, so will strike the ripe lobe grape near the head and shake and fall. In addition, the impact head is temporarily connected with an impact rod through a horizontal pin; due to the fact that the striking rod moves up and down, the pin is horizontally arranged, and loosening and falling can be avoided. Because the side of going up the support that gathers materials is the slope form, the round leaf grape that drops can be towards middle gathering, then drops the second cavity, and finally drops in the support that gathers materials under. And (4) taking out the lower collecting tray after opening the second shutter, and pouring the round-leaf grapes inside into other devices. Since muscadine grapes are mainly brewed, the damage to the epidermis caused by a small number of muscadine grapes falling down is also within an allowable range.

As an improvement of the scheme, the lower collecting tray is of a drawer structure, and the side surface of the lower collecting tray is connected with the second shutter into a whole. When the material collecting device is used, the material collecting support is pulled out when the second shutter is pulled out. By adopting the scheme, the round-leaf grapes can be conveniently and directly taken away, and the working efficiency is improved.

In one scheme, the bottom of the lower material collecting support is provided with a one-way wheel, so that the lower material collecting support can be conveniently pulled out from the side face. In another scheme, a guide rail is arranged on the side surface of the lower material collecting support, and correspondingly, the other surface of the guide rail is fixed in the second chamber.

As an improvement of the scheme, a handle is arranged on the outer side of the second stop door, so that the operation is convenient.

As an improvement of the scheme, the upper collecting tray comprises a large circular ring positioned on the upper side, a small circular ring positioned on the lower side, a plurality of inclined connecting rods positioned in the middle and tarpaulin positioned between two adjacent connecting rods, a notch is formed in the position, corresponding to the small circular ring, of the chassis, and the small circular ring is clamped into the notch to realize detachable connection of the large circular ring and the small circular ring. By adopting the scheme, the tarpaulin is made of elastic cloth, so that the buffering effect is brought, and the damage to the skin of the muscat grape when falling is reduced; in order to avoid the collision of the muscadine grapes with the connecting rods, preferably three connecting rods are uniformly arranged, and the included angle between every two adjacent connecting rods is 120 degrees; because the tarpaulin is light in weight, the connecting rod can select thinner one, reduces the volume. The tarpaulin can be replaced by a net structure (the diameter of the net holes is smaller than that of the round-leaf grapes) besides different fabrics.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the impact head is positioned in a range surrounded by the large circular ring (the larger covering range of the awning cloth is beneficial to collecting fallen round-leaf grapes), the guide column penetrates through the awning cloth to extend upwards, and the impact rod is positioned above the awning cloth in a top view. The impact rod that often moves about has avoided the position at tarpaulin place, and both mutual noninterference.

As an improvement of the scheme, the transmission mechanism comprises a rotary table and a rocker, a plurality of eccentric connecting points with different circle center distances are arranged on the side face of the rotary table, one end of the rocker is hinged with the impact rod, and the other end of the rocker is hinged with one of the eccentric connecting points of the rotary table. The rocker is connected with the eccentric connecting points at different positions and used for adjusting the jacking height of the impact head, so that the rocker is adapted to grape planting frames with different areas and specifications. When the eccentric connecting point of the turntable is positioned at a low position, the impact rod and the impact head are also positioned at a low position; when the eccentric connection point of the turntable is located at a high position, the striking rod and the striking head are also located at the high position.

As an improvement of the scheme, the motor is connected with the rotating disc through belt transmission, and the rotating speed of the rotating disc is proportionally reduced by the belt transmission.

As an improvement of the scheme, an upper shaft sleeve and a lower shaft sleeve are arranged in the guide column, and the two shaft sleeves are made of self-lubricating ceramics.

As an improvement of the scheme, the rotary disc is located at a position opposite to the first stop gate. By adopting the scheme, the eccentric connecting point can be adjusted immediately after the user opens the first stop door. As shown in figure 4, the rotary disc and the rocker are simultaneously penetrated by the pin, and the front end and the rear end of the pin are temporarily fixed through the lock rings.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the armrest is U-shaped, the armrest comprises two diagonal rods respectively located on two opposite sides of the chassis and a horizontal cross rod located between the two diagonal rods, and the controller is mounted at a connection position of the diagonal rods and the horizontal cross rod. By adopting the scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the controller is close to the position of the right hand of the user, so that the adjustment is convenient. There are button and display screen on the controller, and the button is used for adjusting the gear of the rotatory speed of motor, and the display screen is used for showing power electric quantity and other parameters. The wires of the controller are drilled into the chassis along the inside of the handrail. In one scheme, the inside of the handrail can be hollow, and the inclined rod and the horizontal cross rod are both metal sections.

As an improvement of the scheme, the upper end of the impact head is provided with a rubber layer, so that the grape trunk is prevented from being scratched. The impact head may be located directly above the striker bar. The impact head can be offset, for example, the impact head is L-shaped, the lower end of the impact head is connected with the impact rod positioned on the side surface, and the upper end of the impact head is positioned right above the large circular ring.

As an improvement of the scheme, the impact head is conical. By adopting the scheme, the impact head can vibrate up and down the planting frame and can swing left and right, so that the round-leaf grapes can fall off more conveniently.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the whole device can be moved in the field freely by hand pushed by a user, and is convenient to transfer. The controller is positioned at a position which can be operated by a single hand of a user at any time, and the control is convenient. After the electric drive impact head vibrates the grape trunk, the grape falls while screening and gathering are realized, and finally, the aggregate support is taken away, so that the grape trunk vibrating device is convenient to use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a harvester according to one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a harvester according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a first chamber of an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a lower rotor;

figure 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a lower punch.

Description of the main reference numerals: 11. a chassis; 12. a partition plate; 13. a universal wheel; 21. a first shutter; 22. a second shutter; 31. a handrail; 32. a controller; 41. a guide post; 42. a striker bar; 43. an impact head; 44. a turntable; 45. a rocker arm; 51. and (5) putting the aggregate support.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. The terms "first", "second" and "third", if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing between technical features and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of indicated technical features or a precedence of indicated technical features.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the invention discloses a semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes, which comprises: the device comprises a chassis 11, wherein a cavity and a partition plate 12 are arranged inside the chassis, the partition plate 12 divides the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated, a first stop door 21 and a second stop door 22 for temporarily opening the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the chassis 11, and a plurality of universal wheels 13 are arranged on the lower side of the chassis 11; an armrest 31, the armrest 31 being disposed outside the chassis 11; the vibration module comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a guide post 41, a striking rod 42 and an impact head 43, wherein the motor drives the striking rod 42 to reciprocate through the transmission mechanism, the impact head 43 is positioned at the upper end of the striking rod 42, the guide post 41 surrounds the striking rod 42 and is used for guiding the striking rod 42 to move, the motor and the transmission mechanism are installed in the first chamber, and the guide post 41 is positioned above the first chamber; a collecting module, which comprises an upper collecting tray 51 and a lower collecting tray which are unfolded, wherein the upper collecting tray 51 is positioned at the upper side of the chassis 11, the upper collecting tray 51 is of a horn-shaped structure with an upward opening, the bottom of the upper collecting tray 51 is communicated with the second chamber, the lower collecting tray is positioned in the second chamber, objects fall on the upper collecting tray 51 and then are guided into the second chamber and the lower collecting tray, and the lower collecting tray can be extracted by opening the second baffle door 22; the controller 32 is arranged on the handrail 31, the power supply is arranged in the first cavity, and the controller 32 is connected with the motor to control the rotating speed of the motor.

By adopting the scheme, the characteristic that the grape trunks have certain toughness is utilized, and the grape trunks can reset after being impacted upwards. When the grape vine impact device is used, a user pushes the device to the position below the grape vine trunks, the impact heads 43 are inserted (the impact heads 43 are temporarily detached to mainly reduce the overall height of the device and facilitate movement), the rotating speed of the motor can be adjusted through the controller 32, then the frequency of the impact heads 43 impacting the lower sides of the grape vines trunks is adjusted, and accordingly mature round-leaf grapes near the impact heads 43 are shaken off. To supplement, the impact head 43 is temporarily connected to the impact rod 42 by a horizontal pin; the horizontal arrangement of the pins prevents loosening and falling off due to the up and down movement of the striker rod 42. Because the sides of the upper collection tray 51 are sloped, the dropped muscadine grapes will collect in the middle, then fall into the second chamber, and finally fall into the lower collection tray. And (5) opening the second door 22, taking out the lower collecting tray, and pouring the round-leaf grapes inside into other devices. Since muscadine grapes are mainly brewed, the damage to the epidermis caused by a small number of muscadine grapes falling down is also within an allowable range.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the lower material collecting tray is of a drawer structure, and the side surface of the lower material collecting tray is connected with the second shutter 22 into a whole. When in use, the second shutter 22 is pulled out to pull out the lower aggregate tray. By adopting the scheme, the round-leaf grapes can be conveniently and directly taken away, and the working efficiency is improved.

As an improvement of the above scheme, a handle is arranged on the outer side of the second shutter 22, so that the operation is convenient.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the upper material collecting tray 51 includes a large circular ring located on the upper side, a small circular ring located on the lower side, a plurality of inclined connecting rods located in the middle, and tarpaulin located between two adjacent connecting rods, a gap is arranged on the chassis 11 at a position corresponding to the small circular ring, and the small circular ring is clamped into the gap to realize detachable connection of the two. By adopting the scheme, the tarpaulin is made of elastic cloth, so that the buffering effect is brought, and the damage to the skin of the muscat grape when falling is reduced; in order to avoid the collision of the muscadine grapes with the connecting rods, preferably three connecting rods are uniformly arranged, and the included angle between every two adjacent connecting rods is 120 degrees; because the tarpaulin is light in weight, the connecting rod can select thinner one, reduces the volume. The tarpaulin can be replaced by a net structure (the diameter of the net holes is smaller than that of the round-leaf grapes) besides different fabrics.

As a modification of the above, the impact head 43 is located within the range surrounded by the large circular ring (the larger canopy coverage is beneficial for collecting fallen grapes), the guide post 41 extends upward through the canopy, and the striker rod 42 is located above the canopy in top view. The frequently movable impact rod 42 avoids the position of the tarpaulin, and the two do not interfere with each other.

As an improvement of the scheme, the transmission mechanism comprises a rotary table 44 and a rocker 45, a plurality of eccentric connecting points with different circle center distances are arranged on the side face of the rotary table 44, one end of the rocker 45 is hinged with the impact rod 42, and the other end of the rocker 45 is hinged with one eccentric connecting point of the rotary table 44. The rocker 45 is connected with eccentric connection points at different positions and used for adjusting the jacking height of the impact head 43, so that the grape planting frame is adapted to grape planting frames with different areas and specifications. When the eccentric attachment point of the turntable 44 is low, the striking rod 42 and the striking head 43 are also low; when the eccentric attachment point of the turntable 44 is at an elevation, the striker rod 42 and the impact head 43 are also at an elevation.

As an improvement of the scheme, the motor is connected with the rotating disc 44 through belt transmission, and the rotating speed of the rotating disc 44 is proportionally reduced by the belt transmission.

As an improvement of the above scheme, an upper shaft sleeve and a lower shaft sleeve are arranged inside the guide column 41, and the two shaft sleeves are made of self-lubricating ceramics.

As a modification of the above, the rotating disc 44 is located at a position facing the first shutter 21. By adopting the scheme, the eccentric connecting point can be adjusted immediately after the user opens the first shutter 21. As shown in fig. 4, the dial 44 and the rocker 45 are simultaneously penetrated by a pin, and front and rear ends of the pin are temporarily fixed by a lock ring.

As a modification of the above solution, the armrest 31 is U-shaped, the armrest 31 includes two inclined rods respectively located at two opposite sides of the chassis 11 and a horizontal cross rod located between the two inclined rods, and the controller 32 is installed at a connection position of the inclined rods and the horizontal cross rod. With the above arrangement, as shown in fig. 2, the controller 32 is located close to the right hand of the user, which facilitates adjustment. There are buttons on the controller 32 for adjusting the gear of the speed at which the motor rotates and a display screen for displaying the power supply capacity and other parameters. The wires of the controller 32 are drilled into the chassis 11 along the inside of the armrest 31. In one embodiment, the inside of the armrest 31 may be hollow, and the diagonal bar and the horizontal bar are both metal profiles.

As an improvement of the scheme, the upper end of the impact head 43 is a rubber layer, so that the grape trunk is prevented from being scratched. The impact head 43 may be located directly above the striker bar 42. The impact head 43 may be offset, for example, the impact head 43 is L-shaped, the lower end is connected to the impact rod 42 located at the side, and the upper end is located right above the large circular ring.

As a modification of the above, the impact head 43 has a conical shape. By adopting the scheme, the impact head 43 can additionally shake left and right besides vibrating up and down the planting frame, so that the round-leaf grapes can fall off more conveniently.

The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The semi-automatic harvester for the round-leaf grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the device comprises a chassis, wherein a cavity and a partition plate are arranged in the chassis, the partition plate divides the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated, a first stop door and a second stop door for temporarily opening the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the chassis, and a plurality of universal wheels are arranged on the lower side of the chassis;

an armrest disposed outside the chassis;

the vibration module comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a guide post, a striking rod and an impact head, the motor drives the striking rod to reciprocate through the transmission mechanism, the impact head is located at the upper end of the striking rod, the guide post surrounds the striking rod and is used for guiding the striking rod to move, the motor and the transmission mechanism are installed in the first cavity, and the guide post is located above the first cavity;

the collecting module comprises an upper collecting support and a lower collecting support which are unfolded, the upper collecting support is positioned on the upper side of the chassis, the upper collecting support is of a horn-shaped structure with an upward opening, the bottom of the upper collecting support is communicated with the second cavity, the lower collecting support is positioned in the second cavity, an object falls on the upper collecting support and then is guided into the second cavity and the lower collecting support, and the lower collecting support can be drawn out when the second shutter is opened;

the controller is arranged on the handrail, the power supply is arranged in the first cavity, and the controller is connected with the motor to control the rotating speed of the motor;

the upper material collecting support comprises a large circular ring positioned on the upper side, a small circular ring positioned on the lower side, a plurality of inclined connecting rods positioned in the middle and tarpaulin positioned between two adjacent connecting rods, a notch is formed in the position, corresponding to the small circular ring, of the chassis, and the small circular ring is clamped into the notch to realize detachable connection of the large circular ring and the small circular ring;

the impact head is conical.

2. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower collecting support is of a drawer structure, and the side face of the lower collecting support is connected with the second shutter into a whole.

3. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a handle is arranged on the outer side of the second stop door.

4. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: in a top view, the impact head is located within a range surrounded by the large circular ring, the guide column penetrates through the tarpaulin to extend upwards, and the impact rod is located above the tarpaulin.

5. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 4, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism comprises a turntable and a rocker, a plurality of eccentric connecting points with different circle center distances are arranged on the side face of the turntable, one end of the rocker is hinged with the impact rod, and the other end of the rocker is hinged with one of the eccentric connecting points of the turntable.

6. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 5, characterized in that: the turntable is located at a position opposite to the first stop gate.

7. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the handrail is U-shaped, the handrail includes the down tube that is located the relative both sides of chassis respectively and is located the horizontal pole between two down tubes, the controller is installed in the down tube with the junction of horizontal pole.

8. The semi-automatic harvester for muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the impact head is a rubber layer.