CN113973257A

CN113973257A - Pickup device

Info

Publication number: CN113973257A
Application number: CN202010719625.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜南; 林居颖; 付强; 郑坤坤; 李�瑞; 吴登峰; 冯津伟
Original assignee: Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
Current assignee: Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-23
Filing date: 2020-07-23
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Also published as: WO2022017356A1

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a sound pickup apparatus, including a microphone and a first component, wherein the first component forms a solid angle with respect to a center point of the microphone or a diaphragm; an included angle between a first straight line determined by the central point of the first component and the central point of the microphone or the vibrating diaphragm and a first plane where the vibrating diaphragm is located is smaller than a first threshold value; the projection of the solid angle onto a second plane, which is the plane defined by the central axis of the diaphragm and the centre point of the first component, perpendicular to the first plane, is smaller than a second threshold value. According to the scheme, the shielding of the mic internal structure on the sound signal is reduced through the internal structure adjustment of the mic, so that the directivity performance of the mic is improved.

Description

Pickup device

Technical Field

The embodiment of the specification relates to the technical field of sound signal processing, in particular to a sound pickup device.

Background

The directivity of a microphone (mic) refers to a description of sensitivity patterns of sound from all directions in space, and is an important attribute of the mic. The directivity properties include omni-directivity and cardioid directivity, super-cardioid directivity, bi-directivity, and the like, in which other directivity is almost obtained by changing the cavity setting of the microphone and mixing and modulating the received sound signal in order to obtain sensitivity to sounds in different directions, in addition to the omni-directivity property. For example, in the heart-shaped directional mic, the vibration of the diaphragm depends on the pressure difference between the sound signals received at the two ends, a fine acoustic filter is placed at the front end of the rear sound inlet to perform a time delay function, so that the sound coming from the rear can reach the diaphragm from the front and rear sound inlets and be offset, and the polar diagram of the directional microphone is heart-shaped.

However, the directivity performance of the actual mic product may not be expected, for example, the signal-to-noise ratio is poor, the pointing direction is shifted, and the like, and the ideal directional sound pickup cannot be realized, so how to make the directivity performance of the mic closer to the expected requirement becomes one of the technical problems to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The specification describes a pickup device, which reduces the shielding of the mic internal structure on an acoustic signal through the structural design of the mic internal structure so as to improve the directivity performance of the mic.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a sound pickup apparatus, including a microphone and a first component,

the microphone comprises at least one sound inlet hole and a vibrating diaphragm, wherein the at least one sound inlet hole is positioned on at least one side of the vibrating diaphragm; the first component at least comprises a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit is used for processing the electric signal output by the microphone; the first component forms a solid angle with respect to a center point of the microphone or the diaphragm; an included angle between a first straight line determined by the central point of the first component and the central point of the microphone or the vibrating diaphragm and a first plane where the vibrating diaphragm is located is smaller than a first threshold value; the projection of the solid angle onto a second plane, which is the plane defined by the central axis of the diaphragm and the centre point of the first component, perpendicular to the first plane, is smaller than a second threshold value.

In one embodiment, in the first linear direction, the length of the first component is less than a third threshold; and/or the distance between the centre point of the first component and the centre point of the microphone or diaphragm is smaller than a fourth threshold value.

In one embodiment, the absolute value of the angle between the first line and the first plane is less than or equal to 15 °.

In one embodiment, the signal processing circuit is integrated on a PCB circuit board, including an impedance converter.

In one embodiment, the impedance converter includes a field effect transistor and a diode; the grid of the field effect transistor is electrically connected with the microphone, and the diode is connected between the source electrode and the grid of the field effect transistor.

In one embodiment, the first component further comprises a light component and/or a structural component;

the structural component comprises a structural member which is used for supporting, limiting and fixing the microphone or the first component.

In one embodiment, in the sound pickup device, the number of the microphones and the first assemblies is multiple, and the multiple first assemblies and the multiple microphones are respectively arranged correspondingly;

the pickup apparatus further includes an annular support member supporting the plurality of first components; the first components are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular support and are fixed on one side of the annular support; the microphones are fixed on the other side of the ring-shaped support corresponding to the first components, and the first plane of each microphone is perpendicular to the plane of the ring-shaped support.

In one embodiment, the sound pickup apparatus further includes a flexible annular PCB, the signal processing circuits of the plurality of first components are integrated with the flexible annular PCB, and the flexible annular PCB is attached to the annular support member.

In one embodiment, the first assembly further comprises an LED lamp, the LED lamp being fixed to the annular support member.

In one embodiment, the pickup device further comprises a plurality of LED lamps, the plurality of LED lamps are uniformly distributed on the annular support member, and the number of the LED lamps is larger than that of the microphones.

In one embodiment, the sound pickup apparatus further includes a second housing and a support base plate; a second housing case outside the plurality of microphones and the plurality of first components; at least one surface of the second shell is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes; the plurality of microphones are fixed on the supporting bottom plate.

In one embodiment, the microphone further comprises a metal electrode plate, wherein the metal electrode plate is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes; opposite charges are respectively reserved on two surfaces of the vibrating diaphragm, a metal layer is coated on one surface of the vibrating diaphragm, the vibrating diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, an air gap is formed in the middle of the vibrating diaphragm, the air gap is used as an insulating medium, the metal electrode plate and the metal layer on the vibrating diaphragm are used as two electrodes to form a flat capacitor, and two electrodes of the flat capacitor are respectively provided with an output electrode.

In one embodiment, the microphone further comprises a first housing and first and second faces; the first surface and the second surface and the first shell enclose a cavity, and the vibrating diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are arranged in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the second surface is a sound inlet surface, and a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the sound inlet surface.

In one embodiment, the microphone further comprises a first housing and a first face; the first surface, the metal electrode plate and the first shell enclose a cavity, and the vibrating diaphragm is arranged in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the metal electrode plate is used as a sound inlet surface, and a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the sound inlet surface.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide a conference telephone apparatus, where the conference telephone apparatus includes the sound pickup device according to any one of the above embodiments.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a mobile terminal, where the mobile terminal includes the sound pickup apparatus according to any one of the above embodiments.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide an audio recording apparatus including the sound pickup device according to any one of the above embodiments.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide a portable wearable device that supports voice recognition, voice call, and/or video call, including the sound pickup apparatus according to any of the above embodiments.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide an IoT device that supports at least voice acquisition, including the sound pickup apparatus according to any of the above embodiments.

By adopting the pickup device provided by the embodiment of the specification, the shielding of the entering sound signal caused by unreasonable position setting of the components such as the signal processing circuit and the LED lamp in the internal structure of the traditional mic is reduced by adjusting the relative position relation between the first component and the microphone in the mic, so that the entering sound signal more conforms to the expected strength or signal state required by the directivity design, and the difference between the actual directivity performance and the expected performance of the product is further reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 illustrates one prior structural design of directional mic;

fig. 2 shows the relative position of the first component with respect to the microphone in a view of a longitudinal sectional view in an embodiment;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic spatial solid angle β formed in one embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the projection angle of solid angle β onto a second plane in one embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 5 shows the relative position of the first component and the microphone in another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a microphone in one embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a microphone to a signal processing circuit in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure of a sound pickup apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present specification.

Detailed Description

Embodiments disclosed in the present specification are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The inventor discovers in the product research and development process that one of the reasons for causing the difference between the directivity performance of the mic and the design expectation is that in the existing structure design of some directivity mics, part of the structure shields the acoustic path of the directivity mic, and part of the acoustic signals entering through the sound inlet hole cannot reach the diaphragm due to being shielded, so that the difference between the sound pressure intensity sensed by the diaphragm and the intensity sensed by the design expectation in the mic is caused, the sound transparency requirement of the mic is influenced, the directivity mic cannot realize ideal directivity sound reception, and the phenomenon of directional direction deviation and the like occurs.

For example, referring to fig. 1, in a conventional mic structural design, when described in terms of diagrams, electronic devices such as a PCB and an LED are located above a back side of a microphone, so that a part of a sound signal originally received by the back side of the microphone is blocked, the part of the sound cannot reach the back side of the microphone, and a sound pressure sensed by a diaphragm in the microphone at the back side cannot be cancelled out with a corresponding sound pressure part from the front side according to a design expectation, so that a directional mic performance is affected and deviates from the expectation.

In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a sound pickup apparatus, which has a structural design capable of minimizing the influence on the directivity performance due to the shielding of its own structure.

Referring to fig. 2, in a first aspect, the present specification discloses a sound pickup apparatus, which includes at least a microphone 11 and a first component 12. Wherein the microphone 11 comprises at least one diaphragm 111 and at least one sound inlet hole, the at least one sound inlet hole being located on at least one side of the diaphragm 111. The first assembly 12 comprises at least a signal processing circuit for signal processing the electrical signal output by the microphone 11.

To prevent the concept from being confused, it should be noted that the microphone is sometimes also referred to as a microphone (mic), a microphone head, a microphone bladder, a sound pickup, etc. in the prior art. In the embodiments of the present specification, however, the microphone includes only a component for converting an acoustic signal into an electric signal, and does not include a signal processing circuit for performing signal processing on the electric signal. For example, the microphone in the embodiment of the present specification includes only the acoustoelectric conversion component in the mic, and does not include an impedance conversion circuit for performing impedance conversion and signal amplification on an electric signal.

In addition, in some products in the prior art, sometimes a mic includes both an acoustic-electric conversion component and a signal processing circuit, that is, electronic devices such as a signal processing circuit sometimes belong to one component of the mic, but it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present specification, the signal processing circuit belongs to the first component, and in some embodiments, the first component at least includes a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit may be integrated on a PCB circuit board. In some other embodiments, the electronic device may further include other electronic devices such as an LED lamp and a structural member for supporting, limiting, fixing, or the like, or may further include a logo printed on a trademark, a decoration piece with industrial design elements, or the like.

The internal structural design of the sound pickup apparatus provided in the present specification is described in detail below in terms of the relative positional relationship of the microphone and the two parts of the first component.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows the relative position of the first component 12 and the microphone 11 in a longitudinal sectional view according to an embodiment. In this embodiment, which is described with a view angle shown in fig. 2, the first component 12 is disposed above the side surface f of the microphone 11, the microphone 11 includes at least one diaphragm 111, a straight line ab defined by a central point a of the first component 12 and a central point b of the diaphragm 111 or the microphone 11 is a first straight line, and a plane in which the diaphragm 111 is located is a first plane, so that an included angle formed by the first straight line and the first plane is α, and α should be smaller than the first threshold.

As an implementable way, α falls within a first preset angle range approaching 0, e.g. the absolute value of the angle between the first line ab and the first plane is less than or equal to 15 °, i.e. α e [ -15 °, +15 ° ].

Further, referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present description, the first component 12 forms a spatial solid angle β with respect to the center point b of the microphone 12 or the diaphragm 111. The solid angle β is the solid angle formed by the apparent boundary shape of the first component with respect to the center point b. The projection of the solid angle beta on the second plane is smaller than a second threshold value.

The second plane is a plane defined by the central axis of the diaphragm 111 and the center point a of the first component. The central axis of the diaphragm is perpendicular to the central axis of the first plane. For example, referring to fig. 4, a straight line bc is a central axis perpendicular to a first plane where the diaphragm 111 is located, and a plane defined by the central axis bc and a point a in a three-dimensional space is a second plane.

The projection of solid angle beta onto the second plane falls within a second predetermined angular range. For example, referring to FIG. 4, the angle of projection of solid angle β onto the second plane is γ, and in some embodiments, γ has an absolute value of less than or equal to 20, i.e., γ ∈ -20, +20, and in other embodiments, γ ∈ -10, + 10.

The definition of the projection angle of the solid angle formed by the first component 12 and the center point b on the second plane is equivalent to defining that the dimension of the first component 12 in the direction of the central axis bc does not exceed a preset value. If the first member 12 has a large size in the bc direction, it will block the acoustic signal of at least one of the front and back surfaces of the microphone 11. Thus, the dimension of the first component 12 in the bc direction should be as small as possible in relation to the thickness dimension of the microphone in the bc direction.

It should be noted that, for convenience of illustration, the first assembly 12 shown in fig. 3 is a case that only includes a regular-shaped PCB, but in actual products, the shape of the PCB is not a regular geometric shape in most cases, and the first assembly 12 may include other electronic devices besides the PCB.

Further, in some embodiments, the length of the first assembly 12 in the first line ab direction is less than the third threshold. The value range of the third threshold value can be 0-0.5 cm. In this or another embodiment, the distance between the center point a of the first component 12 and the center point b of the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 is smaller than a fourth threshold value. The distance between the center point and the center point b is smaller than a fourth threshold, defining a relative distance between the first component 12 and the microphone 11 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the diaphragm; the value range of the fourth threshold value can be 0-1 cm.

The center points of the first component 12 and the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 in the above embodiments may be the respective geometric center points, and may also be the respective centers of gravity or centers of mass. In some embodiments where the center of gravity or center of mass is the center point, a suspension method may be used to determine where the center of gravity is located. In some embodiments where the geometric center is the center point, the center point may be determined as follows:

in some embodiments, the diaphragm 111 is in the shape of a circular thin plate, and the center of the circle is approximate to the center point of the diaphragm. The microphone 11 is mostly a regular shape similar to a cylinder, and the geometric center point of the cylinder can be similar to the center point of the microphone 11. The first component is irregular in most cases, various methods are available for determining the geometric center of the irregular spatial solid shape, and in few cases, the first component can be approximately a homogeneous body with uniform density, the gravity center of the first component is the geometric center, and the first component can be determined by a suspension method. In most cases, the first component is a heterogeneous body with a significantly non-uniform density, and its center point can be determined as follows:

firstly, obtaining a plane geometric figure obtained by projecting a three-dimensional appearance boundary on a horizontal plane (namely an xy plane), then obtaining coordinates of each point on the boundary of the plane geometric figure based on a plane rectangular coordinate system, wherein the coordinates obtained by averaging the coordinates of each point are the coordinates of a central point of the plane geometric figure, and then in a vertical direction (namely a z-axis direction) passing through the central point of the plane geometric figure, the middle point of the size length of a first assembly is the geometric central point of the first assembly; or, the coordinates of each point on the three-dimensional appearance boundary of the first assembly in the space rectangular coordinate system are directly obtained through scanning, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each point are averaged to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate value of the geometric center point.

The confirmation mode of the center point of the plane geometric figure is not limited to coordinate mean value calculation, and can be determined according to the intersection point of the long axis and the short axis, or can be based on a suspension method to determine the center of gravity or the center of mass, wherein the center of gravity or the center of mass of the plane geometric figure is the geometric center point of the plane geometric figure; or one straight line can be drawn on the geometric plane graph, then the areas of the two sides are calculated, if the areas are the same, the other straight line is drawn, the areas of the two sides are still equal, and the intersection point of the two straight lines is the geometric center.

For irregular shaped microphones 11 and diaphragms 111, and in the manner described above, the diaphragm 111 may approximate a planar geometry. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, there are various other ways to specifically determine the geometric center point of the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 and the first component 12, for example, based on 2d or 3d drawing software, or obtained through corresponding program codes, which are not specifically listed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the center points of the microphone 11 and the diaphragm 111 may be coincident, that is, the center points of the two are the same point, and in other embodiments, the center points of the diaphragm 111 and the microphone 11 are two different points.

Referring to fig. 5, when the included angle α is 0 °, that is, a first straight line ab where the center point a and the center point b are located is coplanar with a first plane where the diaphragm 111 is located, and a dimension of the first component 12 in the direction of the central axis of the diaphragm 111 is smaller than or equal to a thickness dimension of the microphone 11 in the same direction, the shielding degree of the first component 12 on the acoustic signal is minimized, and the influence on the directivity performance of the mic is minimized. In practice, the angle between the line ab and the first plane is difficult to be exactly 0 °, i.e. the first component 12 is not arranged directly above the side of the microphone 11, but is slightly inclined, due to other factors of the actual product.

In order to fully understand the sound pickup apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the respective structural components of the microphone 11 and the first assembly 12 will be described in detail below.

In the embodiments of the present specification, the microphone may be any of various types of microphones such as a moving coil microphone, a condenser microphone, an electret microphone, and a silicon microphone. The microphone in one embodiment will be described below by taking an electret type microphone as an example. Referring to fig. 6, the microphone 11 may include a diaphragm 111, a metal electrode plate 112, and a first case 114.

Wherein, the metal electrode plate 112 is provided with a plurality of sound holes 1121. The body of the diaphragm 111 is an extremely thin high polymer material membrane, for example, a teflon plastic film, one side of which is coated (or plated or evaporated) with a layer of pure gold film 1110, and after electret by a high-voltage electric field, opposite charges are respectively retained on two sides of the diaphragm 111.

The first casing 114 is made of metal, the metal surface 1110 of the diaphragm 111 is connected with the first casing 114, a metal gasket 117 is disposed between the diaphragm 111 and the first casing, the other surface of the diaphragm 111 is isolated from the first casing 114 by a plastic gasket 118, and the plastic gasket 118 is further used for isolating the metal electrode plate 112 from the first casing 114 and placing a short circuit between the metal casing and the metal electrode plate.

The diaphragm 111 and the metal electrode plate 112 are arranged in parallel and at an interval, an air gap 113 is formed in the middle, the air gap 113 is used as an insulating medium, the metal electrode plate 112 and the metal layer 1110 on the diaphragm 111 are used as two electrodes to form a flat capacitor, and two electrodes of the flat capacitor are respectively provided with an output electrode. When the diaphragm 111 encounters sound wave vibration, the electric field at the two ends of the plate capacitor is changed, so that an alternating voltage which changes along with the change of the sound wave is generated, and an acoustic signal is converted into an electric signal.

In some embodiments, the microphone 11 further has a first side 115 and a second side 116, and the first side 115 is an acoustically transparent diaphragm and mainly functions as a dust guard. The second side 116 is also an acoustically transparent film that acts as a packaging and dust barrier. The first side 115 and the second side 116 and the first housing 114 enclose a cavity, and the diaphragm 111 and the metal electrode plate 112 are disposed in the cavity. At least one of the first surface 115 and the second surface 116 serves as a sound entrance surface, for example, for a unidirectional mic, the first surface 115 and the second surface 116 both serve as sound entrance surfaces, correspondingly, a sound entrance hole is formed at a position where the first housing 114 is connected with the first surface 115, and a plurality of sound entrance holes are formed in the metal electrode plate 112 attached to the second surface 116.

In some other embodiments, only the first side 115 may be provided, and the second side 116 is not required, that is, the first side 115, the metal electrode plate 112, and the first housing 114 enclose a cavity, and the diaphragm 111 is disposed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface 115 and the metal electrode plate 112 is used as a sound entrance surface, and a plurality of sound entrance holes are formed on the sound entrance surface.

The first component 12 in the embodiment of the present disclosure at least includes a signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit includes an impedance converter, the impedance converter is used for performing impedance conversion or amplification processing on the electrical signal converted by the microphone, and the signal processing circuit may be integrated on a PCB circuit board.

Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the impedance converter includes a fet 121 and a diode VD; the gate (G) of the fet is electrically connected to the microphone 11, and the diode VD is connected between the source (S) and the gate (G) of the fet 121. Specifically, the gate (G) of the fet is connected to the metal electrode plate 112 of the microphone, and is grounded through the first case 114 made of metal after passing through the plate capacitor formed by the metal electrode plate 112 and the diaphragm 111. The fet 121 and the diode VD may be integrated on a PCB circuit board, and connected to the metal electrode plate 112 through pins.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the first component further comprises a light component and/or a structural component. The structural assembly includes structural members for any one or more of supporting, restraining and securing the microphone 11 or the first assembly 12.

In the above embodiments, for the convenience of understanding and description, only the first component is described with respect to the microphone, and in an actual product, a plurality of first components and a plurality of microphones may be provided in the same sound pickup apparatus.

An exemplary embodiment of the sound pickup apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is described below, and one of application scenarios of the sound pickup apparatus is a teleconference, for example, the sound pickup apparatus can be applied to octopus which is a multiparty conference telephone product. Includes a plurality of pairs of first components and microphones corresponding to each other.

Referring to fig. 8, in the sound pickup apparatus, a plurality of first components and a plurality of microphones are respectively disposed correspondingly, the sound pickup apparatus further includes an annular support member 123 and a flexible annular PCB circuit board, the flexible annular PCB circuit board is attached to the annular support member 123, and the size and shape of the flexible annular PCB circuit board are matched with the annular support member 123. The signal processing circuitry of each first assembly 12 may be integrated on the flexible annular PCB circuit board. As an implementation, each first component is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the ring-shaped support 123 and fixed to one side of the ring-shaped support 123, correspondingly, each microphone 11 is fixed to the other side of the ring-shaped support 123 corresponding to the first component, and the first plane of each microphone 11 is perpendicular to the plane of the ring-shaped support 123.

In this embodiment, the plurality of first components 12 and the plurality of microphones 11 are respectively disposed in correspondence, which may be in one-to-one correspondence, that is, one microphone is disposed with one first component; or parts of the first assembly may be in a one-to-one arrangement with the microphone and the remainder may be in a many-to-one or one-to-many arrangement.

For example, the signal processing circuits in the first assembly may be arranged one-to-one with respect to the microphones, that is, one signal processing circuit is arranged corresponding to one microphone, each signal processing circuit is uniformly distributed on the flexible annular PCB, and the LED lamps are arranged many-to-one with respect to the microphones, as shown in fig. 8, the LED lamps 122 are fixed on the annular support and are uniformly distributed, and the number of the LED lamps is greater than that of the microphones.

The LED lamp is used for displaying the running state of the equipment and decorating and beautifying the equipment, in some embodiments, the LED lamp can be considered as a part of the first component when the product is designed, namely, the first component containing the LED and the microphone should meet the relative position relation defined by the above embodiments; in some other embodiments, the LED lamp may be designed as a separate component, in which case the positional relationship of the LED lamp with respect to the microphone should be referred to the relative positional relationship between the first component and the microphone defined in the above embodiments, that is, the LED lamp should minimize the shielding of the acoustic signals on both sides of the microphone when considered as a separate component.

The mic structure shown in fig. 8 can be used as a single product. In practical applications, however, in order to protect the microphone from dust, in most cases, the sound pickup apparatus is further provided with a second housing and a supporting bottom plate 13, the second housing is covered outside the plurality of microphones 11 and the plurality of first components 12, and the supporting bottom plate 13 supports and limits the microphones 11.

A typical application scenario of the sound pickup apparatus is a conference room table top, when in use, the sound pickup apparatus is generally placed on the table top according to a horizontal direction shown in fig. 8, at least one of a top surface and a side surface of the second housing is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes, and optionally, in one embodiment, the top surface and the side surface of the second housing are both provided with sound inlet holes.

In this embodiment, the ring-shaped support 123 is described as a single component for convenience of description and understanding, and in fact, the ring-shaped support 123 may also be a part of the first assembly 12, which corresponds to a plurality of microphones 11 corresponding to one first assembly 12, and the first assembly 12 includes a plurality of corresponding signal processing circuits therein.

In this embodiment, when the annular supporting member 123 and the flexible annular circuit board are disposed in a direction at 90 ° from the axial direction of the microphone, i.e., 90 ° above the side surface of the microphone at an angle shown in fig. 8, which corresponds to an included angle α of 0 °, both surfaces of the microphone can achieve an optimal sound transparency state, so that the directivity performance of the sound pickup apparatus is maintained to the maximum extent. In practical products, the ring-shaped supporting member 123 may be fixed to the second housing near the edge of the top surface, in which case the angle between the first component 12 or the ring-shaped supporting member 123 and the opposite position cannot be exactly 0 °, so that the spatial position of the first component 12 is slightly inclined with respect to the microphone 11, for example, the angle α is 5 °, but a better acoustic transparency can be achieved.

The sound pickup apparatus provided in the above embodiments of the present specification may be applied not only to a conference call, but also to a recording pen, a mobile phone, a television, an Internet of Things (IOT) device, and the like.

In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present specification further provide a conference telephone apparatus, which includes the sound pickup apparatus according to any one of the above embodiments, for example, the conference telephone apparatus may be a product for multi-party conference telephone, such as octopus.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a portable POS machine, and the like, including the sound pickup apparatus according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide a sound recording apparatus, such as a sound recording pen or a sound recorder, including the sound pickup device according to any one of the above embodiments.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide a portable wearable device that supports voice recognition, voice call, and/or video call, including the sound pickup apparatus according to any one of the foregoing embodiments. For example, the portable wearable device may be any one of a headset, a telephone watch, a smart bracelet, a smart ring, a smart sports shoe, a smart collar, a necklace, smart glasses, a smart helmet, and the like.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present specification further provide an IoT (Internet of Things) device that supports at least voice capture, the IoT device including the sound pickup apparatus as described in any one of the above embodiments. For example, the IoT devices may include smart home devices, wearable devices, travel devices, etc., wherein the smart home devices may include large home appliances (e.g., televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, etc.), small home appliances (e.g., electric pressure cookers, induction cookers, water dispensers, dust collectors, routers, sweeping robots, fans, air purifiers, curtains, laundry stands, etc.), and personal care and health related devices such as hair dryers, shavers, sphygmomanometers, and electrical appliance base and safety related devices such as lighting, door locks, cameras, and socket switches; the trip equipment comprises an electric vehicle, a balance car, a scooter, a vehicle event data recorder, a vehicle-mounted air purifier and the like.

For example, the sound pickup apparatus provided in the above embodiments may be integrated on an integrated circuit inside a television, or the sound pickup apparatus provided in the above embodiments may be provided in various remote controllers supporting voice control.

In summary, the pickup hardware formed based on the directional mic has a special acoustic transparency requirement on the acoustic structure, and the design scheme of the acoustic structure provided in the embodiment of the present specification reduces the influence of the internal structure design on the acoustic performance to the maximum extent by adjusting the relative position relationship between the relevant components and the acoustoelectric conversion unit (i.e., the microphone), so that the whole pickup device not only ensures that the front and back sound inlet areas of the microphone are not blocked, but also ensures that the components such as structural members and light required in the whole pickup device design are placed at positions.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification should be included in the scope of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification.

Claims

1. A sound pickup apparatus includes a microphone and a first component;

the microphone comprises at least one sound inlet hole and a vibrating diaphragm, wherein the at least one sound inlet hole is positioned on at least one side of the vibrating diaphragm;

the first component at least comprises a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit is used for carrying out signal processing on the electric signal output by the microphone; the first component forms a solid angle with respect to a center point of the microphone or the diaphragm;

a first straight line defined by the central point of the first component and the central point of the microphone or the diaphragm and a first plane on which the diaphragm is located form an included angle smaller than a first threshold value;

a projection of the solid angle on a second plane, which is a plane defined by a central axis of the diaphragm perpendicular to the first plane and a center point of the first component, is smaller than a second threshold value.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the first linear direction, a length of the first component is less than a third threshold; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the distance between the center point of the first component and the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm is smaller than a fourth threshold value.

3. The sound pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an absolute value of an angle between the first straight line and the first plane is less than or equal to 15 °.

4. The pickup device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing circuit is integrated on a PCB circuit board, including an impedance converter.

5. The pickup device according to claim 4, wherein the impedance converter includes a field effect transistor and a diode; the grid electrode of the field effect tube is electrically connected with the microphone, and the diode is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the field effect tube.

6. The pickup device of claim 1, wherein the first assembly further comprises a light assembly and/or a structural assembly;

the structural component comprises a structural part which is used for supporting, limiting and fixing the microphone or the first component.

7. The sound pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the microphones and the first components is plural, and the plural first components are provided corresponding to the plural microphones, respectively;

the pickup apparatus further includes an annular support supporting the plurality of first components; the plurality of first assemblies are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular support and are fixed on one side of the annular support; the microphones are fixed on the other side of the annular support corresponding to the first components, and the first plane of each microphone is perpendicular to the plane of the annular support.

8. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein the sound pickup device further comprises a flexible annular PCB circuit board, the signal processing circuits of the plurality of first components are integrated with the flexible annular PCB circuit board, and the flexible annular PCB circuit board is attached to the annular support member.

9. The pickup device of claim 7, wherein the first assembly further comprises an LED light secured to the annular support.

10. The pickup device of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of LED lights evenly distributed on the ring support, the number of LED lights being greater than the number of microphones.

11. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein the sound pickup device further comprises a second housing and a support base plate;

the second housing is external to the plurality of microphones and the plurality of first components;

at least one surface of the second shell is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes;

the microphones are fixed on the supporting bottom plate.

12. The sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the microphone further includes a metal electrode plate, and the metal electrode plate is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes;

the two surfaces of the diaphragm are respectively provided with opposite charges, one surface of the diaphragm is coated with a metal layer, the diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, an air gap is formed in the middle of the diaphragm, the air gap is used as an insulating medium, the metal electrode plate and the metal layer on the diaphragm are used as two electrodes to form a flat capacitor, and two electrodes of the flat capacitor are respectively provided with an output electrode.

13. The sound pickup device as recited in claim 12 wherein the microphone further comprises a first housing and first and second faces;

the first surface and the second surface and the first shell enclose a cavity, and the diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are arranged in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the second surface is a sound inlet surface, and a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the sound inlet surface.

14. The sound pickup device as recited in claim 12 wherein the microphone further comprises a first housing and a first face;

the first surface, the metal electrode plate and the first shell enclose a cavity, and the diaphragm is arranged in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the metal electrode plate is used as a sound inlet surface, and a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the sound inlet surface.

15. A conference call device, wherein the conference call device comprises the sound pickup apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A mobile terminal, wherein the mobile terminal comprises a sound pickup apparatus according to any one of claims 1-14.

17. A sound recording apparatus, wherein the sound recording apparatus comprises the sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

18. A portable wearable device, wherein the portable wearable device supports voice recognition, voice calls, and/or video calls, comprising the sound pickup apparatus of any of claims 1-14.

19. An IoT device, wherein the IoT device supports at least voice capture, comprising the sound pickup apparatus of any of claims 1-14.