CN113972497B

CN113972497B - Electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN113972497B
Application number: CN202011378854.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭景丽; 冯安迪; 张翔; 李肖峰
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-22
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2023-02-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-30
Also published as: WO2022017220A1; CN113972497A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an electronic device, including the metal casing, first feed minor matters, second feed minor matters, first feed unit and second feed unit, the metal casing is by the upper surface, lower surface and side enclose, the upper surface is provided with first breach, the lower surface is provided with the second breach, the side is provided with the opening, first breach and second breach are connected and are formed the second gap, the side is provided with first gap, the extending direction of at least partly first gap is perpendicular with the extending direction of at least partly second gap, first feed unit is first gap coupling feed through first feed minor matters, second feed power supply is second gap coupling feed through second feed minor matters. Because the polarization mode of the antenna unit formed by the first slot and the first feeding branch is orthogonal to the polarization mode of the antenna unit formed by the second slot and the second feeding branch, the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot and the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot have good isolation.

Description

Electronic device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular, to an electronic device.

Background

A wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology is a wireless networking technology, which can be simply understood as wireless internet access, and is developed based on IEEE802.11 series standards. The WiFi technology is most easily used in life, such as wireless router and Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), and electronic devices such as sound boxes networked by WiFi technology of wireless router and CPE. The loudspeaker box equipment can be accessed to the internet in a WiFi mode only in the signal range of a wireless router, CPE and the like. The WiFi technology can enable wireless electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, etc., to be connected with each other in a wireless manner, and is suitable for short-distance transmission. The WiFi access standards most commonly used at present are ieee802.11n (fourth generation) and 802.11ac (fifth generation), which operate in the 2.4GHz band and the 5GHz band.

However, as electronic devices are designed to be light and thin, the space reserved for the antenna structure in the electronic devices is gradually reduced, and there is an urgent need for an antenna structure that satisfies the performance of compact structure, low cost, omnidirectional radiation, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an electronic device, which can comprise an antenna structure with a compact structure and a simple feed mode, wherein the antenna structure can realize a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna through two oppositely-arranged slots on a metal shell. The working requirement of the double frequency bands can be met.

In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: the power supply device comprises a metal shell, a first power feeding branch, a second power feeding branch, a first power feeding unit and a second power feeding unit; the metal shell is defined by an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the upper surface is provided with a first gap, the lower surface is provided with a second gap, the side surface is provided with an opening, and the opening, the first gap and the second gap are connected to form a second gap; the side surface is provided with a first gap, and the extending direction of at least one part of the first gap is vertical to the extending direction of at least one part of the second gap; the first feeding branch knot is electrically connected with the first feeding unit, is positioned in the metal shell and is used for indirectly coupling and feeding the first gap; the second feeding branch is electrically connected with the second feeding unit, and the second feeding branch is located inside the metal shell and is used for indirectly coupling and feeding the second gap.

According to the technical scheme of this application embodiment, because first gap is formed by the three gap that is located different planes links to each other, the second gap by two relative breach that set up with the opening of metal casing constitute, consequently, the relative breach that sets up has expanded the size of second gap greatly, make full use of metal casing's cuboid structure, both guaranteed the length in radiation gap, reduced antenna structure's height again.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the metal shell is a cubic structure, and the side surface includes a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface; the second surface is opposite to the third surface, and the second surface is connected with the third surface through the first surface; the first slit is arranged on the first surface, the second surface and the third surface; the opening is disposed opposite the first face.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first slot and the first feed stub form a first antenna element; the second slot and the second feed branch form a second antenna unit; the polarization direction of the first antenna element is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the first gap is a horizontal gap and the second gap is a vertical gap, vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation is realized through the first gap, and horizontal polarization omnidirectional radiation is realized through the second gap, so that the two antenna units have good isolation in the same metal shell.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first feed stub is a meander line structure.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first feed stub is a U-shaped structure.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the physical size of the space occupied by the first feed branch can be effectively reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna structure is favorably realized.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second feeding stub includes a plurality of metal segments, and an angle is formed between any two adjacent metal segments of the plurality of metal segments, so that the second feeding stub has a stepped structure.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the physical size of the space occupied by the second feed branch can be effectively reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna structure is favorably realized.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a distance between the second feed stub and the upper surface is the same as a distance between the second feed stub and the lower surface.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the second feeding branch knot can be located at the center of the opening for feeding, can also deviate from the center of the opening, and can be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first notch and the second notch are trapezoidal; the lower bottom of the first notch is connected with the opening, and the lower bottom of the second notch is connected with the opening.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the resonance frequency point and the bandwidth of the horizontally polarized low-frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the height of the trapezoid notch in the second gap, and the omni-directionality of the antenna structure at the resonance point of the horizontally polarized high-frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the width of the second gap.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first notch has an upper base length between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, a lower base length between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and a height between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths; the upper bottom length of the second notch is between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, the lower bottom length of the second notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and the height of the second notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths; and the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in a working frequency band generated by the first gap or the second gap when the first feed unit or the second feed unit works.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch; the first parasitic branch is located between the second feed branch and the upper surface; the second parasitic branch is located between the second feed branch and the lower surface; the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are the same in size.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the two parasitic branches and the second feed branch can be mutually coupled, so that the second antenna unit can obtain wider bandwidth. Moreover, the sizes only affect the impedance characteristic of the second antenna unit, the radiation characteristic of the second antenna unit is hardly affected, and the good omnidirectional radiation characteristic in the dual-band is guaranteed.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are symmetrical along a length direction of the second feeding branch.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the impedance matching of the second antenna unit consisting of the second slot and the second feeding branch can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the second feeding branch, or the distance between the first parasitic branch and the second feeding branch and the distance between the second parasitic branch and the second feeding branch, so that the matching of the second antenna unit in the horizontally polarized high frequency band can be optimized.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first parasitic stub and the second feeding stub is between 0.006 and 0.08 first wavelengths; the distance between the second parasitic stub and the second feed stub is between 0.006 and 0.08 first wavelengths; and when the first feed unit or the second feed unit works, the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the working frequency band generated by the first gap or the second gap.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the metal housing has a length between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths, a width between 0.04 and 0.2 first wavelengths, and a height between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths; and when the first feed unit or the second feed unit works, the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the working frequency band generated by the first gap or the second gap.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the polarization modes of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are vertical polarization and horizontal polarization respectively, so that the two antenna units have good isolation in the same metal shell. Simultaneously, because first gap and second gap all adopt three-dimensional setting, lie in different three planes respectively, very big reduction antenna structure's size, be favorable to antenna structure's miniaturization.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first gap has a length between 0.168 and 0.504 first wavelengths and a width between 0.004 and 0.012 first wavelengths.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first feed stub has a length between 0.05 and 0.35 first wavelengths and a width between 0.02 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the expanded length of the second feed branch 130 is between 0.04 and 0.34 first wavelengths, and the width of the second feed branch is between 0.01 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit cover a 2.4GHz frequency band and a 5GHz frequency band of WiFi.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first working frequency band of the first antenna unit and the third working frequency band of the second antenna unit can cover a 2.4GHz (2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz) frequency band of WiFi, and the second working frequency band of the first antenna unit and the fourth working frequency band of the second antenna unit can cover a 5GHz (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) frequency band of WiFi.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the metal case is a portion of a housing of an electronic device.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device is a sound box, or a wireless router, or a customer premises equipment CPE.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective structure diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a metal shell according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal shell according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the metal shell along the first, second, and third sides.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first feed branch.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second feed stub.

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a directional diagram of the first feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 2 in operation.

Fig. 11 is a directional diagram of the second feeding unit of the antenna structure shown in fig. 2 when in operation.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating the simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a pattern diagram corresponding to the operation of the first feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a directional diagram of the second feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 12 when in operation.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that "electrically connected" in this application is to be understood as physical and electrical contact of components; it is also understood that different components in the circuit structure are connected by physical circuits such as Printed Circuit Board (PCB) copper foil or conductive wires capable of transmitting electrical signals. "communicative connection" may refer to electrical signaling, including both wireless and wired communicative connections. The wireless communication connection does not require physical media and does not pertain to a connection that defines a product configuration. "connect", "connect" or "connecting" may refer to a mechanical or physical connection, i.e., A is connected to B or A is connected to B, which may mean that there is a tight member (such as a screw, bolt, rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

The technical scheme provided by the application is suitable for the electronic equipment adopting one or more of the following communication technologies: bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, future other communication technologies, and the like. The electronic device in the embodiment of the application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an intelligent bracelet, an intelligent watch, an intelligent helmet, intelligent glasses and the like. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) for future evolution, and the like, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 1 exemplarily shows an internal environment of an electronic device provided in the present application, and the electronic device is taken as a sound box for explanation.

As shown in fig. 1, the electronic device 10 may include: a housing 11 and a loudspeaker 12.

It will be appreciated that the loudspeaker 12 is an electroacoustic transducer device, all signal processing parts being eventually provided for driving the enclosure. The power amplified audio signal makes the cone or diaphragm move through electromagnetic, piezoelectric or electrostatic effect to drive the surrounding air to make sound.

The electronic device may further include a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inside for processing the electrical signal. The printed circuit board PCB can adopt a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric plate, a Rogers (Rogers) dielectric plate, a mixed dielectric plate of Rogers and FR-4 and the like. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, rogers dielectric plate a high-frequency plate. One side of the PCB housing 11 may be provided with a metal layer which may be formed by etching metal on the surface of the PCB 17. The metal layer can be used for grounding electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB so as to prevent electric shock of a user or damage to equipment. This metal layer may be referred to as a PCB floor. Not limited to PCB floors, the electronic device 10 may also have other floors for grounding, such as a metal bezel or other metal planes in the electronic device. In addition, a plurality of electronic components are disposed on the PCB, and include one or more of a processor, a power management module, a memory, a sensor, a SIM card interface, and the like, and the inside or surface of the electronic components may also be provided with metal.

The electronic device 10 may also include a battery, not shown herein. The battery may be disposed within the housing 11. The interior or surface of the battery may also be provided with a metal layer.

The housing 11 may be made of a metal material, or may be made of a non-conductive material, such as a glass housing, a plastic housing, or other non-metal housings.

Fig. 1 only schematically illustrates some components included in the electronic device 10, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual configuration of these components are not limited to fig. 1. In addition, the electronic device 10 may also include a display screen, sensors, and the like.

It is understood that antenna structures are divided into two categories, depending on the shape of the pattern they radiate in the far field: directional antennas and omni-directional antennas. Directional antennas radiate in a particular direction, while omni-directional antennas generally refer to antennas in which the far field pattern in the horizontal plane is approximately circular. Because the omnidirectional antenna has the advantage of 360-degree full coverage on the azimuth plane, the omnidirectional antenna is widely applied to a plurality of wireless communication systems such as wireless local area networks, base stations, portable equipment and the like.

Meanwhile, the dual-polarized antenna can improve the channel capacity of a system while overcoming the multipath fading effect, and a great deal of research is carried out for designing the dual-polarized antenna with an omnidirectional radiation directional pattern. In an omni-directional dual-polarized antenna design, it is very important to select suitable vertically polarized and horizontally polarized radiating elements. In addition, a common dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna is implemented by combining two antennas having a horizontally polarized omnidirectional characteristic and a vertically polarized omnidirectional characteristic, respectively. What combination mode is used does not deteriorate the working performance of a single antenna, and the whole volume is compact as much as possible, which is a difficulty in designing dual-polarized antennas. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna is widely applied to the fields of space, wireless communication and the like, and has the advantages of small size, effective improvement of frequency spectrum efficiency, increase of channel capacity and the like.

The embodiment of the application provides electronic equipment which can comprise an antenna structure which is compact in structure and simple in feed mode, and the antenna structure can realize dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna through two oppositely-arranged gaps on a metal shell. The working requirement of the double frequency bands can be met.

Fig. 2 to fig. 8 are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna structure. Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a metal shell from different viewing angles. Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the antenna structure, in which (a) in fig. 4 is a front view of the antenna structure, (b) in fig. 4 is a side view of the antenna structure, and (c) in fig. 4 is a top view of the antenna structure. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal shell according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the metal shell along the first, second, and third sides. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first feed stub. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second feed stub.

As shown in fig. 2, the antenna structure may include a metal housing 100, a first feed stub 120, and a second feed stub 130. The metal housing 100 may be enclosed by a side 110, an upper surface 114, and a lower surface 115. The side surface 100 of the metal shell 100 is provided with an opening 213, the side surface 110 is further provided with a first slit 201, the upper surface 114 of the metal shell 100 is provided with a first notch 211, and the lower surface 115 is provided with a second notch 212. The opening 213 is connected to the first notch 211 and the second notch 212 to form the second slit 202. The first feed stub 120 and the second feed stub 130 may be located inside the metal case 100. The direction of extension of at least a part of the first slits 201 is perpendicular to the direction of extension of at least a part of the second slits 202.

As shown in fig. 4, the antenna structure may further include a first feeding unit 140 and a second feeding unit 150. The first feeding unit 140 may be electrically connected to the first feeding branch 120, and indirectly couple and feed the first slot 201. The second feeding unit 150 may be electrically connected to the second feeding branch 130, and indirectly couple and feed the second slot 202.

It should be understood that the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application is entirely made of metal, and a dielectric layer is not required to be provided, so that there is no dielectric loss and the efficiency is high.

As shown in fig. 3, the metal housing 100 may have a cubic structure, and the side surface of the metal housing 100 may include a first surface 111, a second surface 112, and a third surface 113. The second surface 112 and the third surface 113 are disposed opposite to each other, and the second surface 112 and the third surface 113 are connected by the first surface 111. The first surface 111, the second surface 112, and the third surface 113 are provided with first slits 201, and the first slits 201 penetrate the first surface 111.

It should be understood that the extending direction of at least a part of the first slit 201 may be considered as the length direction of the first slit 201 on the first face 111, or the length direction of the first slit 201 on the second face 112, or the length direction of the first slit 201 on the third face 113. The extending direction of at least a part of the second slit 202 may be considered as the length direction of the opening 213, or the length direction of the first notch 211 on the upper surface, or the length direction of the second notch 212 on the lower surface. It should be understood that the first slit 201 and the second slit 202 are illustrated as smooth slits in the embodiments of the present application, and other types of slits may be used in actual production or design, which is not limited in the present application.

As shown in fig. 4, a first feeding point 121 is disposed on the first feeding branch 120, the first feeding unit 140 is electrically connected to the first feeding branch 120 at the first feeding point 121, and the first feeding branch 120 is located in the metal housing 100 for indirectly coupling and feeding the first slot 201. The second feeding branch 130 is provided with a second feeding point 131, the second feeding unit 150 is electrically connected to the second feeding branch 130 at the second feeding point 131, and the second feeding branch 130 is located in the metal housing 100 for indirect coupling feeding of the second slot 202.

The antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first antenna element composed of a first slot 201 and a first feeding branch 120, and a second antenna element composed of a second slot 202 and a second feeding branch 130. As shown in fig. 4, the first slit 201 is a horizontal slit, and the second slit 202 is a vertical slit. Vertical polarization radiation and horizontal polarization radiation are generated through the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit respectively, and therefore the two antenna units have good isolation in the same metal shell. Meanwhile, the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 are three-dimensionally arranged and respectively located on different three planes, so that the size of the antenna structure is greatly reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna structure is facilitated.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, for simplicity of description, the first slot 201 is taken as a horizontal slot and the second slot 202 is taken as a vertical slot for illustration, in actual production or design, due to the layout of other devices in the electronic device or other reasons, the first slot 201 may not be a horizontal slot, and the second slot 202 may not be a vertical slot, and it is only necessary to ensure that the extending direction of at least a part of the first slot 201 is perpendicular to the extending direction of at least a part of the second slot 202, so that the polarization direction of the first antenna element is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna element, and two antenna elements have good isolation in the same metal housing. Meanwhile, the fact that the extending direction of at least a portion of the first slits 201 is perpendicular to the extending direction of at least a portion of the second slits 202 may be understood as that the extending direction of at least a portion of the first slits 201 and the extending direction of at least a portion of the second slits 202 form an angle of 80 ° to 100 °.

It should be understood that indirect coupling is a concept with respect to direct coupling, i.e., space coupling, in which there is no direct electrical connection between the two. Whereas direct coupling is a direct electrical connection, feeding directly at the feeding point. Meanwhile, the working bandwidth of the antenna structure can be effectively expanded through indirect coupling feeding.

Optionally, the second feeding branch 130 is located at a center position of the opening 213, and the center position of the opening 213 may be understood as a center position in a height direction of the metal housing 100, or an offset within a range of up and down height directions of 15% from the center position. The center position may be understood as the distance between second feed stub 130 and upper surface 114 being the same as the distance between second feed stub 130 and lower surface 115. The distance between the second feed stub 130 and the upper surface 114 can be considered as the minimum of the straight distances between any point on the second feed stub 130 and any point on the upper surface 114, and the distance between the second feed stub 130 and the lower surface 115 can be understood accordingly.

Optionally, the first feeding branch 120 and the second feeding branch 130 may be fixed in the metal housing 100 by a dielectric pillar, a bracket, or other methods, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, when the antenna structure provided in this embodiment of the present application is applied to a CPE, a sound box, a wireless router, or other electronic equipment, the metal casing 100 may be used as a housing of the electronic equipment, and the opening 213 may be used to place a speaker as shown in fig. 1, or may be used to connect a power supply, or may be filled with plastic, which is not limited in this application. Therefore, each surface of the metal casing 100 may be a curved surface, and is not necessarily a plane surface, which is not limited in the present application. For example, the metal case 100 may have a cylindrical shape, and the side surface 110 thereof may have a continuously curved surface, as shown in (a) of fig. 5. Alternatively, the side surface 110 may be a spherical surface, as shown in fig. 5 (b), which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application and may be adjusted according to the shape of the product.

Optionally, the antenna structure may further include a first connector 210 and a second connector 220. One end of the first connection member 210 may be electrically connected to the first feeding unit 140, and the other end is electrically connected to the first feeding branch 120 at the first feeding point 121. One end of the second connection member 220 may be electrically connected to the second feeding unit 150, and the other end is electrically connected to the second feeding branch 130 at the second feeding point 131.

Alternatively, the first connector 210 and the second connector 220 may be coaxial. The metal casing 100 may be provided with small holes corresponding to the first connector 210 and the second connector 220, so that the inner cores of the first connector 210 and the second connector 220 may pass through the metal casing 100 to be connected to the first feeding branch 120 and the second feeding branch 130, respectively, and the outer skins of the first connector 210 and the second connector 220 may be connected to the metal casing 100. It should be understood that the mode of realizing the electrical connection between the feeding branch and the feeding unit through the coaxial line has a simple structure, and is beneficial to the realization of the antenna structure.

It should be understood that when the metal case 100 can be used as a housing of the electronic device, the electronic components of the electronic device can be placed in the metal case 100, i.e., the PCB and the power feeding unit can be placed in the metal case 100. In this case, the feeding unit can be electrically connected to the feeding branch via the first connector 210 and the second connector 220, and corresponding small holes are not required.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the length L1 of the metal shell 100 may be between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths, the width L2 may be between 0.04 and 0.2 first wavelengths, and the height L3 may be between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths. When the first wavelength is fed by the first feeding unit 140 or the second feeding unit 150, the first slot 201 or the second slot 202 generates a resonance corresponding to the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the working frequency band, that is, the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the working frequency band of the antenna structure.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the length L1 of the metal shell 100 is 0.24 first wavelengths, the width L2 is 0.08 first wavelengths, and the height L3 is 0.24 first wavelengths. It should be understood that the numerical values provided in the embodiments of the present application are used only as examples, and in an actual production design, the numerical values may be adjusted according to different required frequency bands.

Alternatively, the first notch 211 and the second notch 212 may be trapezoidal or trapezoid-like, that is, the widths of the first notch 211 and the second notch 212 gradually increase in the length L1 direction of the metal shell 100 toward the opening 213 and respectively communicate with two ends of the opening 213, so that the first notch 211, the second notch 212, and the opening 213 jointly form the second gap 202. In one embodiment, the first and

second notches

211 and 212 are trapezoidal, the opening 213 is quadrilateral, a lower base of the trapezoid of the first notch 211 is connected to a first side of the quadrilateral of the opening 213, and a lower base of the trapezoid of the second notch 212 is connected to a second side of the quadrilateral of the opening 213, the first and second sides of the quadrilateral being opposite.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4 (c), the upper base length M1 of the first notch 211 is between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, the lower base length M2 is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and the height M3 is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths. The second notch 212 may have the same size as the first notch, and the second notch 212 has an upper bottom length between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, a lower bottom length between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and a height between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths.

Alternatively, the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the example that the first notch 211 and the second notch 212 may have the same size, and the upper base length may be 0.027 of the first wavelength, the lower base length may be 0.08 of the first wavelength, and the height may be 0.16 of the first wavelength. It should be understood that the numerical values provided in the embodiments of the present application are used only as examples, and in an actual production design, the numerical values may be adjusted according to different required frequency bands.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the first slit 201 is formed by connecting three slits provided on the first surface 111, the second surface 112, and the third surface 113. The length N1 of the first slot 201 is understood to be the sum of the lengths of the three slots and may be between 0.168 and 0.504 first wavelengths. The width N2 of the first slot 201 may be between 0.004 and 0.012 first wavelengths.

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the length N1 of the first slot 201 is 0.336 first wavelengths, and the width N2 is 0.008 first wavelengths. It should be understood that the numerical values provided in the embodiments of the present application are used only as examples, and in an actual production design, the numerical values may be adjusted according to different required frequency bands.

Optionally, when the first feeding unit 140 feeds, the antenna structure may implement vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation through the first slot 201, where the corresponding operating frequency bands are a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band, and the frequency of the first operating frequency band is lower than the frequency of the second operating frequency band. It should be understood that, since the first slot 201 is formed by connecting three slots located in different planes, the three-dimensionally arranged first slot 201 occupies a smaller space than the planar arranged slot, and is more favorable for miniaturization of the antenna structure.

Optionally, when the second feeding unit 150 feeds, the antenna structure may implement horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation through the second slot 202, where the corresponding operating frequency bands are a third operating frequency band and a fourth operating frequency band, and a frequency of the third operating frequency band is lower than a frequency of the fourth operating frequency band. It should be understood that, since the second slot 202 is composed of two oppositely

disposed notches

211, 212 and an opening 213 connected thereto, the oppositely disposed

notches

211, 212 greatly expand the size of the second slot 202, and the rectangular parallelepiped structure of the metal housing is fully utilized, thereby both ensuring the length of the radiating slot and reducing the height of the antenna structure.

Optionally, the first operating frequency band and the third operating frequency band of the antenna structure may cover a 2.4GHz (2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz) frequency band of WiFi, and the second operating frequency band and the fourth operating frequency band of the antenna structure may cover a 5GHz (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) frequency band of WiFi.

It should be understood that the resonance point and the bandwidth of the antenna structure in the horizontally polarized low frequency band can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the first slot 201. The resonance frequency point and the bandwidth of the horizontally polarized low-frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the height of the trapezoid notch in the second slot 202, and the omni-directionality of the resonance point of the antenna structure in the horizontally polarized high-frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the width of the second slot 202.

Alternatively, the first feeding branch 120 may be a broken line structure, such as a U-shaped structure, the total length of the first feeding branch 120 after being folded and unfolded along the first feeding branch may be between 0.05 and 0.35 first wavelengths, and the width of the first feeding branch 120 may be between 0.02 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present application, the first feeding branch is exemplified by an L-shaped structure composed of sub-branches 1201 and 1202, a length H1 of the sub-branch 1201 may be 0.216 first wavelengths, a length H3 of the sub-branch 1202 may be 0.096 first wavelengths, widths of the

sub-branches

1201 and 1202 may be the same, and widths H2 may be 0.048 first wavelengths, and impedance matching of the first antenna unit composed of the first slot and the first feeding branch may be adjusted by adjusting a length of the first feeding branch 120 and a position of the first feeding branch 120 relative to the first slot 201. It should be understood that the numerical values provided in the embodiments of the present application are used only as examples, and in an actual production design, the numerical values may be adjusted according to different required frequency bands.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 8, the second feed stub 130 may include a first metal segment 1301, a second metal segment 1302, and a third metal segment 1303. Wherein, an angle is formed between two adjacent metal sections, so that the second feed branch is in a step structure. In the embodiment of the present application, a 2-step ladder structure including 3 metal segments shown in fig. 8 is taken as an example for explanation, and the second feed branch 130 may also include other numbers of metal segments, so that it presents an N-step ladder structure, where N is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5.

Optionally, the first metal segment 1301 may be parallel to a second surface or a third surface of the metal housing, and an angle formed by each metal element in the second feed branch 130 may be adjusted according to a space in an actual electronic device.

Optionally, the expanded length of the second feeding branch 130 may be between 0.04 and 0.34 first wavelengths, and taking fig. 8 as an example, the expanded length of the second feeding branch 130 is the sum of the lengths of the first metal segment 1301, the second metal segment 1302, and the third metal segment 1303. The width H4 of the second feed stub 130 may be between 0.01 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna structure may further include a first parasitic branch 132 and a second parasitic branch 133, where the first parasitic branch 132 and the second parasitic branch 133 are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of the second feeding branch 130, that is, the first parasitic branch 132 may be located between the second feeding branch 130 and the upper surface 114, and the second parasitic branch 133 may be located between the second feeding branch 130 and the lower surface 115. The first parasitic branch 132 and the second parasitic branch 133 are the same size.

Optionally, the first parasitic stub 132 and the second parasitic stub 133 may be fixed in a metal housing by an antenna bracket or a dielectric post to form a parasitic patch of the second feeding stub 120.

It should be understood that by providing the first parasitic branch 132 and the second branch 133 on both sides of the second feeding branch 130, the ratio of horizontal polarization in the radiation of the second antenna unit composed of the second slot and the second feeding branch can be increased, and the isolation between the first antenna unit composed of the first slot 201 and the first feeding branch 120 and the second antenna unit composed of the second slot 202 and the second feeding branch 130 can be further increased.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4 (b), a distance M4 between the first parasitic branch 132 and the second feeding branch 130 is the same as a distance M5 between the second parasitic branch 133 and the second feeding branch 130, that is, the first parasitic branch 132 and the second parasitic branch 133 are symmetrical along the length direction of the second feeding branch.

Optionally, the distance M4 between the first parasitic branch 132 and the second feeding branch 130 and the distance M5 between the second parasitic branch 133 and the second feeding branch 130 may be between 0.006 and 0.08 first wavelengths. It should be understood that the distance M4 between the first parasitic branch 132 and the second feeding branch 130 can be understood as the minimum of the straight distance between the point on the first parasitic branch 132 and the point on the second feeding branch 130, and the distance M5 between the second parasitic branch 133 and the second feeding branch 130 can be understood accordingly.

Alternatively, the embodiment of the present application is described by taking as an example that the extended length of the second feeding branch 130 is 0.14 first wavelength, the width H4 is 0.024 first wavelength, and both the distance M4 between the first parasitic branch 132 and the second feeding branch 130 and the distance M5 between the second parasitic branch 133 and the second feeding branch 130 are 0.016 first wavelength. It should be understood that the numerical values provided in the embodiments of the present application are used only as examples, and in an actual production design, the numerical values may be adjusted according to different required frequency bands.

It should be understood that the matching of the second antenna unit in the horizontally polarized high frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the size of the second feeding branch 130, or adjusting the impedance matching of the second antenna unit composed of the second slot and the second feeding branch by adjusting the distance M4 between the first parasitic branch 132 and the second feeding branch 130 and the distance M5 between the second parasitic branch 133 and the second feeding branch 130. Because the two parasitic branches and the second feed branch can generate mutual coupling, the second antenna unit can obtain wider bandwidth. Moreover, the sizes only affect the impedance characteristic of the second antenna unit, the radiation characteristic of the second antenna unit is hardly affected, and the good omnidirectional radiation characteristic in the dual-band is guaranteed.

Fig. 9 to 11 are graphs of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a directional diagram of the first feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 2 in operation. Fig. 11 is a directional diagram of the second feeding unit of the antenna structure shown in fig. 2 when in operation.

As shown in fig. 9, S22 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna element corresponding to the first slot when the first feeding unit operates, S11 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna element corresponding to the second slot when the second feeding unit operates, and S21 is an isolation between two antenna elements in the bulk antenna structure.

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna structure can realize vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation through the first slot, and the corresponding-10 dB frequency bands are 2.36-2.52GHz and 4.93-6.20GHz, as shown in fig. 9. When the second feeding unit feeds, the antenna structure can realize horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation through the second slot, and the corresponding-10 dB frequency bands are 2.38-2.48GHz and 4.99-5.86GHz. Therefore, the antenna element corresponding to the first slot and the antenna element corresponding to the second slot can both cover the dual-band of WiFi. Meanwhile, because the polarization mode of the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot is vertical polarization and the polarization mode of the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot is horizontal polarization, the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot and the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot have good isolation, and are all below-40 dB in the working frequency band.

As shown in fig. 10, in the antenna structure, at 2.45GHz and 5.5GHz, the directional diagram corresponding to the vertical polarization substantially coincides with the total directional diagram, and the gain of the directional diagram corresponding to the horizontal polarization is below-30 dB. Meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of the vertical polarization is 2.7dB at 2.45GHz and 5dB at 5.5GHz, and the omni-directionality is better.

As shown in fig. 11, in the antenna structure, at 2.45GHz and 5.5GHz, the directional diagram corresponding to the horizontal polarization substantially coincides with the total directional diagram, and the gain of the directional diagram corresponding to the vertical polarization is below-30 dB. Meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of the horizontal polarization is 2.2dB at 2.45GHz and 4.4dB at 5.5GHz, and the omni-directionality is better.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 12, the second feeding branch 330 may be offset from the center position of the opening 313, that is, the second feeding branch 330 is moved upward or downward relative to the position shown in fig. 2, and the offset position feeds the second slot 303.

It should be understood that the impedance matching of the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot in the operating frequency band can be achieved by adjusting the distance of the second feed branch 330 from the center position.

Fig. 13 to 15 are graphs of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 12. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a pattern diagram corresponding to the operation of the first feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a pattern diagram corresponding to the second feed element of the antenna structure of fig. 12 when in operation.

As shown in fig. 13, S22 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna element corresponding to the first slot when the first feeding element operates, S11 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna element corresponding to the second slot when the second antenna element operates, and S21 is an isolation between two antenna elements in the bulk antenna structure.

When the first feeding unit feeds power, the antenna structure can realize vertical polarization omnidirectional radiation through the first slot, and the corresponding-10 dB frequency bands are 2.39-2.53GHz and 5.08-6.34GHz, as shown in fig. 13. When the second feeding unit feeds, the antenna structure can realize horizontal polarization omnidirectional radiation through the second gap, and the corresponding-10 dB frequency bands are 2.4-2.54GHz and 4.61-5.93GHz. Therefore, the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot and the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot can both cover dual frequency bands of WiFi. Meanwhile, the polarization mode of the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot is vertical polarization, and the polarization mode of the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot is horizontal polarization, so that the antenna unit corresponding to the first slot and the antenna unit corresponding to the second slot have good isolation, and are all below-20 dB in the working frequency band.

As shown in fig. 14, in the antenna structure, when the frequency of 2.45GHz and 5.5GHz is higher, the pattern difference between the vertical polarization pattern and the horizontal polarization pattern is larger, and the gain of the horizontal polarization pattern is lower than-30 dB. Meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of the vertical polarization is 2.7dB at 2.45GHz and 5.1dB at 5.5GHz, and the isotropy is better.

As shown in fig. 15, when the antenna structure is at 5.5GHz, the directional diagram corresponding to the horizontal polarization and the directional diagram corresponding to the vertical polarization are overlapped at certain angles. That is, the cross-polarization component is small at 2.45GHz, but the cross-polarization component is large at 5.5 GHz. Meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of the horizontal polarization is 2.2dB at 2.45GHz and 4.5dB at 5.5GHz, and the omni-directionality is better.

It should be understood that, since the antenna structure shown in fig. 12 is not provided with the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch, the occupation ratio of the horizontal polarization in the radiation of the second antenna element composed of the second slot and the second feeding branch is reduced compared with the antenna structure shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 15, while the occupation ratio of the vertical polarization in the first antenna element composed of the first slot and the first feeding branch is equivalent compared with the antenna structure shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 14. As shown in fig. 13, the isolation between the first antenna element composed of the first slot and the first feeding stub and the second antenna element composed of the second slot and the second feeding stub is deteriorated, but the requirements of production and design can be satisfied.

It is to be understood that the various lengths, widths or heights described above may be understood as electrical lengths. Electrical length may refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical or geometric length) multiplied by the transit time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for such signal to travel the same distance in free space as the physical length of the medium, and may satisfy the following equation:

where L is the physical length, a is the transit time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium, and b is the transit time in free space.

Alternatively, the electrical length may also refer to a ratio of a physical length (i.e., a mechanical length or a geometric length) to a wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length may satisfy the following formula:

where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one type of logical functional division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising:

the power supply device comprises a metal shell, a first power feeding branch, a second power feeding branch, a first power feeding unit and a second power feeding unit;

the metal shell is defined by an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the upper surface is provided with a first gap, the lower surface is provided with a second gap, the side surface is provided with an opening, and the opening, the first gap and the second gap are connected to form a second gap;

the side surface is provided with a first gap, and the extending direction of at least one part of the first gap is vertical to the extending direction of at least one part of the second gap;

the first feeding branch knot is electrically connected with the first feeding unit, is positioned in the metal shell and is used for indirectly coupling and feeding the first gap;

the second feeding branch is electrically connected with the second feeding unit, and the second feeding branch is located inside the metal shell and is used for indirectly coupling and feeding the second gap.

2. The electronic device of claim 1,

the metal shell is of a cubic structure, and the side face comprises a first face, a second face and a third face;

the second surface and the third surface are arranged oppositely, and the second surface and the third surface are connected through the first surface;

the first slit is arranged on the first surface, the second surface and the third surface;

the opening is disposed opposite the first face.

3. The electronic device of claim 1,

the first slot and the first feed branch form a first antenna unit;

the second slot and the second feed branch form a second antenna unit;

the polarization direction of the first antenna element is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna.

4. The electronic device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first feed stub is a meander line structure.

5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the first feed stub is a U-shaped structure.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second feeding branch comprises a plurality of metal segments, and an angle is formed between any two adjacent metal segments of the plurality of metal segments to make the second feeding branch have a ladder-shaped structure.

7. The electronic device of any of claims 1-3, wherein a distance between the second feed stub and the upper surface is the same as a distance between the second feed stub and the lower surface.

8. The electronic device of any of claims 1-3, wherein the first notch and the second notch are trapezoidal.

9. The electronic device of claim 8,

the upper bottom length of the first notch is between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, the lower bottom length of the first notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and the height of the first notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths;

the upper bottom length of the second notch is between 0.01 and 0.12 first wavelengths, the lower bottom length of the second notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths, and the height of the second notch is between 0.04 and 0.12 first wavelengths;

and when the first feed unit or the second feed unit works, the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the working frequency band generated by the first gap or the second gap.

10. The electronic device of any of claims 1-3, further comprising:

a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch;

the first parasitic branch is located between the second feed branch and the upper surface;

the second parasitic branch is located between the second feed branch and the lower surface;

the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are the same in size.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the first parasitic stub and the second parasitic stub are symmetric along a length of the second feed stub.

12. The electronic device of claim 10,

the distance between the first parasitic stub and the second feed stub is between 0.006 and 0.08 first wavelengths;

the distance between the second parasitic stub and the second feed stub is between 0.006 and 0.08 first wavelengths;

and the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in a working frequency band generated by the first gap or the second gap when the first feed unit or the second feed unit works.

13. The electronic device of any of claims 1-3,

the length of the metal shell is between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths, the width of the metal shell is between 0.04 and 0.2 first wavelengths, and the height of the metal shell is between 0.1 and 0.5 first wavelengths;

14. The electronic device of claim 13,

the first gap has a length of 0.168 to 0.504 first wavelengths and a width of 0.004 to 0.012 first wavelengths.

15. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein the first feed stub has a length between 0.05 and 0.35 first wavelengths and a width between 0.02 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein the second feed stub has a deployed length of between 0.04 and 0.34 first wavelengths and a width of between 0.01 and 0.08 first wavelengths.

17. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit cover 2.4GHz band and 5GHz band of WiFi.

18. The electronic device of any of claims 1-3, wherein the metal case is part of a housing of the electronic device.

19. The electronic device according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electronic device is a sound box, or a wireless router, or a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).