CN113970660A - Open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor - Google Patents

Open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113970660A
CN113970660A CN202111102625.5A CN202111102625A CN113970660A CN 113970660 A CN113970660 A CN 113970660A CN 202111102625 A CN202111102625 A CN 202111102625A CN 113970660 A CN113970660 A CN 113970660A
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China
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pcb
layer
coil
annular
current sensor
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CN202111102625.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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田慧
张亚
堵文灿
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111102625.5A priority Critical patent/CN113970660A/en
Publication of CN113970660A publication Critical patent/CN113970660A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor, which is particularly used for measuring a current sensor of millisecond-level high-power pulse current; the open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor is designed to adopt a structure that two semi-rings are spliced to form a complete coil so as to achieve the purpose of convenient disassembly and assembly; wherein, the upper and lower surface layers of the multilayer PCB are mesh copper-coated shielding layers for inhibiting fast-changing strong electromagnetic interference; the middle layers are PCB type magnetic induction coils, comprise an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of the coils, and are used for inducing the magnetic field change of the conductor to be detected. Two semi-annular PCB boards are arranged on a conductor to be detected in a surrounding mode to form an annular PCB type magnetic induction coil, the change of the magnetic flux density of the conductor to be detected can be detected, and induced electromotive force which is in direct proportion to the change rate of the current to be detected along with time is generated; the output voltage of the coil is connected to the integrator through a coaxial cable, and the current signal to be measured can be obtained through integration.

Description

Open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power pulse power supply testing, and particularly relates to an open-close type annular PCB type pulse large-current sensor.
Background
In the high-power pulse power supply testing technology, the output pulse current needs to be measured to judge the working performance of the high-power pulse power supply. Such pulsed currents have a large current peak (up to tens to hundreds of kiloamperes, or even megaamperes), very rapid rise times (tens or hundreds of microseconds), and extremely short action times (main pulse width of only a few milliseconds). The Rogowski coil which measures current signals based on the principle of electromagnetic induction is the most widely used transient current measuring sensor in large current detection at present. However, some specific compact pulse power supplies are very compact due to their structural design, and do not have enough space to mount a common commercial Rogowski coil. The compact pulse power supply needs to detect the pulse current output by the compact pulse power supply in real time during the operation process so as to diagnose the working state of the compact pulse power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open-close type annular PCB (printed circuit board) type pulse large-current sensor, which fully utilizes the gap of a detected part to design the structure and the size of the sensor so as to solve the problem that a common commercial Rogowski coil cannot be arranged in a compact pulse power supply.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor comprises two semi-annular multilayer PCB boards and an integrator; the two semi-annular multilayer PCB boards are spliced into an integral PCB type magnetic induction coil through the relay terminal and the double-shielding short connecting wire and are used for inducing the magnetic field change of the conductor to be detected; and the integrator integrates the voltage signal output by the PCB type magnetic induction coil to obtain a current signal to be measured.
Furthermore, the top annular surface and the bottom annular surface of the multilayer PCB are mesh copper-coated shielding layers; a coil layer is arranged between the top layer and the bottom layer of the multilayer PCB and used for inducing the magnetic field change of the measured conductor; the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil layer are wired along the annular surface in a counterclockwise direction and are connected through the via hole layer to form a multi-turn coil of the PCB type magnetic induction coil; the starting end of the middle layer is connected with the lower layer of the coil to form the PCB type magnetic induction coil loop; the coil relay end connects the two semi-annular PCB boards into a complete PCB type magnetic induction coil by using a double-shielding short-circuit wire; the connecting hole is used for installing and fixing the PCB type magnetic induction coil; and an output terminal at the tail end of the PCB type magnetic induction coil is connected with an output cable to the integrator.
Furthermore, the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil layer are connected along the ring surface in a counterclockwise direction through the via layer to form 180 turns of coils of the PCB type magnetic induction coil.
Further, the total thickness of the semi-annular multi-layer PCB is 2mm, wherein the total thickness of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the coil is 1.6 mm; the radius of the inner circle of the semi-annular multilayer PCB board is 50mm, and the annular width is 26 mm.
Furthermore, the top layer and the bottom layer of the multilayer PCB are shielding layers, and the grid with the grid width of 0.508mm and the wire diameter of 0.203mm is adopted for copper plating.
Furthermore, the middle layer of the multilayer PCB comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of the coil, wherein the middle layer of the coil is designed into a semicircular thick line with the single-turn radius of 63mm and the wire diameter of 1.524 mm; the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil are communicated up and down through the via layer, and are arranged and wired along the ring shape along the anticlockwise direction, the wire diameter is 0.254mm, the wiring length is 20mm, and 180 turns of winding loops are formed.
Furthermore, the two semi-annular multilayer PCB boards are respectively a starting-relay board and a relay-output board, the middle layer and the lower layer of the starting end coil of the starting-relay board are connected through a via hole, and the relay end is connected with a relay end 3-core PCB wiring terminal of the relay-output board through a 3-core PCB wiring terminal; the output end of the relay-output board is a 2-core PCB wiring terminal which is connected to the integrator through a coaxial cable.
Furthermore, 1 pin of the 3-core PCB wiring terminal is connected to a middle-layer semicircular thick line of the coil, 2 pins are connected to a wiring of an upper-layer relay end of the coil, and 3 pins are connected with the shielding layers of the top layer and the bottom layer of the multilayer PCB.
Furthermore, the semi-annular multilayer PCB board adopts a 10kV voltage-resistant sleeve for insulation protection.
Furthermore, the integrator is an analog integrator with a balance resistor and a parallel negative feedback filter circuit, and a 5V lithium battery is adopted for power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the magnetic induction coil adopts a double-half-ring open-close type design, can be quickly assembled into a complete ring coil through the relay terminal, solves the problem of narrow coil installation space in a specific compact pulse power supply, meets the requirement of measuring pulse current, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble and quick to install.
(2) The invention adopts the PCB technology, has high processing precision and reliable product structure, fully utilizes the gap of the detected part of the compact pulse power supply to design the structure and the size of the compact pulse power supply, and has flexible structure.
(3) The top layer and the bottom layer of the invention are shielding layers, and the grid with 0.508mm grid width and 0.203mm wire diameter is coated with copper, so that the rapid change of the measured electromagnetic field and the interference of other stray magnetic fields to the measuring loop can be effectively reduced, and the electromagnetic shielding effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal section of the 6-layer PCB.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wiring and assembly of the coil layer of the PCB board.
Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic of the integrator.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pulse high-current sensor which is based on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) type magnetic induction coil and is convenient and quick to install, aiming at a compact pulse power supply and according to the structural characteristics and the installation space of a detected part.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an open-close type annular PCB type pulsed large current sensor includes a PCB type magnetic induction coil, an integrator, and a cable connection terminal.
The PCB type coil adopts 6 layers of PCB boards, and the top layer and the bottom layer of the PCB boards are grid copper-coated shielding layers for shielding electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment; the middle layer of the PCB comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of the coil; the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer are wired in a counterclockwise direction and are connected through the via hole layer to form a 180-turn winding loop; the middle layer of the coil is a single semicircular line serving as a rewinding line of the coil, and the starting end of the semicircular line is connected with the starting wiring of the lower layer of the coil to form a coil loop; the output terminal at the end of the coil connects the output cable to the integrator.
For easy dismounting, PCB type magnetic induction coil adopts two semi-ring open-close type designs, can assemble into complete toroidal coil fast through the relay terminal. The two semi-annular PCB boards are respectively a starting-relay board and a relay-output board. The middle layer and the lower layer of the starting end coil of the starting-relay board are connected through a via hole, and the relay end is connected with a relay end 3-core PCB wiring terminal of the relay-output board through a 3-core PCB wiring terminal. The output end of the relay-output board is a 2-core PCB wiring terminal which is connected to the integrator through a coaxial cable.
The 3-core PCB wiring terminal is the coil relay terminal, and two semi-rings are connected into a complete coil by using a double-shielded short-circuit wire; the mounting connection holes are used for connecting and fixing the two semi-annular PCB boards.
The 3-core PCB wiring terminal is characterized in that a pin 1 is connected to a middle-layer semicircular thick line of the coil, a pin 2 is connected to a wiring of an upper-layer relay end of the coil, and a pin 3 is connected with shielding layers of the top layer and the bottom layer of the PCB.
The total thickness of the 6 layers of PCB boards is 2mm, wherein the total thickness of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the coil is 1.6 mm.
The radius of the inner circle of the semi-annular PCB is 50mm, and the annular width is 26 mm.
The top layer and the bottom layer of the PCB are shielding layers, and the grid with the grid width of 0.508mm and the wire diameter of 0.203mm is coated with copper, so that the interference of the rapid change of a measured electromagnetic field and other stray magnetic fields on a measurement loop of the measured electromagnetic field is reduced.
The middle layer of the PCB comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of the coil, wherein the middle layer of the coil is a primary side of the PCB type magnetic induction coil and is designed into a semicircular thick line with a single-turn radius of 63mm (namely, the thick line is positioned at the position of the annular central circle) and a line diameter of 1.524 mm; the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil are communicated up and down through the via layer, and are arranged and wired along the ring shape along the anticlockwise direction, the wire diameter is 0.254mm, the wiring length is 20mm, and 180 turns of winding loops are formed.
The semi-annular multilayer PCB board adopts a 10kV voltage-resistant sleeve for insulation protection.
The integrator is designed as an analog integrator with a parallel negative feedback filter circuit of a balance resistor and is used for inhibiting the influence of disturbance factors such as offset voltage, offset current, bias current and temperature drift caused by an operational amplifier on current detection.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
The invention provides an open-close type annular current sensor based on a multilayer PCB type magnetic induction coil, which is particularly used for measuring millisecond-level high-power pulse current and is a current sensor based on an ampere loop law and an electromagnetic induction law. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An open-close type annular PCB type pulse large-current sensor adopts the splicing design of two semi-annular multilayer PCB plates. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal section of a 6-layer PCB of the PCB type pulse large-current sensor, and fig. 2 is a schematic wiring and assembling view of a coil layer of the PCB.
For the convenience of disassembly and assembly, the PCB type magnetic induction coil adopts a double semi-ring open-close type design, see fig. 2, which show 11 and 12, wherein the semi-ring PCB indicated by 11 is a start-relay board, the semi-ring PCB indicated by 12 is a relay-output board, and a complete ring coil can be quickly assembled through a relay terminal. The semi-annular multilayer PCB board adopts a 10kV voltage-resistant sleeve for insulation protection.
In fig. 1, arrows 1 and 2 respectively indicate a top annular surface and a bottom annular surface of the multilayer PCB, and are designed to be grid-coated with a copper shielding layer for suppressing strong electromagnetic interference. Arrows 3-6 indicate coil layers of the multilayer PCB, are located between the top layer and the bottom layer and are used for sensing the magnetic field change of the measured conductor.
In fig. 2, an upper layer (corresponding to an arrow 3 in fig. 1, indicated by a solid line) and a lower layer (corresponding to an arrow 4 in fig. 1, indicated by a broken line) of the coil layer are connected in a counterclockwise direction along a loop plane via a via layer (corresponding to an arrow 5 in fig. 1) to constitute 180 turns of a winding of the PCB-type magnetic induction coil; a single semicircular line of the middle layer (corresponding to arrow 6 in fig. 1, and indicated by a thick solid line) of the coil layer is used as a rewinding line of the coil, and the starting end 7 of the single semicircular line is connected with the starting end of the lower layer of the coil to form a 180-turn coil loop; the coil relay terminal 8 connects the two semi-annular PCB boards into a complete PCB type magnetic induction coil by using a double-shielding short-circuit wire; the connecting hole 9 is used for installing and fixing the PCB type magnetic induction coil; an output terminal 10 at the end of the PCB type magnetic induction coil connects an output cable to the integrator.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an analog integrator with a parallel negative feedback filter circuit designed with balanced resistors, where R is1As an integrating resistance, C1Is an integrating capacitor; r2The damping resistor is used for inhibiting adverse effects caused by distributed capacitance of the PCB type magnetic induction coil and improving the dynamic characteristics of the coil; r3The balance resistor is used for eliminating the influence of the internal static base current of the operational amplifier on the output voltage, inhibiting the drift of the output voltage and improving the measurement accuracy; r4、R5And R6The formed T-shaped network is a feedback resistor and is used for inhibiting the problems that the output voltage is biased to be saturated and DC offset is generated due to integral drift; c2、C3The filter capacitor plays a role in filtering and resisting interference.
The invention is not only suitable for detecting the discharge current of the compact pulse power supply, but also suitable for the discharge current on-line monitoring of various high-power high-voltage electrical equipment. The sensor of the invention has no electrical connection with the current to be measured and has good electrical insulation with the main discharge loop. And the device is easy to process and install, reliable in working performance and strong in anti-interference capability, and can work in a complex electromagnetic environment.

Claims (10)

1. An open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor is characterized by comprising two semi-annular multilayer PCB boards and an integrator; the two semi-annular multilayer PCB boards are spliced into an integral PCB type magnetic induction coil through the relay terminal and the double-shielding short connecting wire and are used for inducing the magnetic field change of the conductor to be detected; and the integrator integrates the voltage signal output by the PCB type magnetic induction coil to obtain a current signal to be measured.
2. Open-close type annular PCB type pulsed high current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the top annular face (1) and the bottom annular face (2) of the multilayer PCB board are mesh copper-clad shields; a coil layer is arranged between the top layer and the bottom layer of the multilayer PCB and used for inducing the magnetic field change of the measured conductor; the upper layer (3) and the lower layer (4) of the coil layer are connected along the ring surface in the anticlockwise direction through the via layer (5) to form a multi-turn coil of the PCB type magnetic induction coil; the starting end (7) of the middle layer (6) is connected with the lower coil layer (4) to form the PCB type magnetic induction coil loop; the coil relay terminal (8) connects the two semi-annular PCB boards into a complete PCB type magnetic induction coil by using a double-shielding short-circuit wire; the connecting hole (9) is used for installing and fixing the PCB type magnetic induction coil; and an output terminal (10) at the tail end of the PCB type magnetic induction coil is connected with an output cable to the integrator.
3. Open-close loop PCB type pulsed high current sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper (3) and lower (4) layers of the coil layer are connected in a counter-clockwise direction along the loop plane wiring via a via layer (5) constituting 180 turns of the PCB type magnetic induction coil.
4. The open-close type annular PCB type pulsed large current sensor according to claim 2, wherein the total thickness of the semi-annular multi-layer PCB board is 2mm, wherein the total thickness of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the coil is 1.6 mm; the radius of the inner circle of the semi-annular multilayer PCB board is 50mm, and the annular width is 26 mm.
5. The open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor of claim 2, wherein the top layer and the bottom layer of the multilayer PCB are shielding layers, and the mesh with the wire diameter of 0.203mm and the mesh width of 0.508mm are coated with copper.
6. The open-close type annular PCB type pulsed large current sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the middle layer of the multi-layer PCB board comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of the coil, the middle layer of the coil is designed to be a semi-circular thick wire with a single turn radius of 63mm and a wire diameter of 1.524 mm; the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil are communicated up and down through the via layer, and are arranged and wired along the ring shape along the anticlockwise direction, the wire diameter is 0.254mm, the wiring length is 20mm, and 180 turns of winding loops are formed.
7. The open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor according to claim 2, wherein the two semi-annular multilayer PCBs are respectively a start-relay board and a relay-output board, the middle layer and the lower layer of the start end coil of the start-relay board are connected by a via hole, and the relay end is connected with a relay end 3-core PCB wiring terminal of the relay-output board through a 3-core PCB wiring terminal; the output end of the relay-output board is a 2-core PCB wiring terminal which is connected to the integrator through a coaxial cable.
8. The open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor as claimed in claim 7, wherein the 3-core PCB wiring terminal has 1 pin connected to the middle layer semi-circular thick wire of the coil, 2 pins connected to the wiring of the upper layer relay terminal of the coil, and 3 pins connected to the shielding layers of the top layer and the bottom layer of the multi-layer PCB.
9. The open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor of claim 2, wherein the semi-annular multilayer PCB board is insulated and protected by a 10kV voltage-resistant bushing.
10. The open-close type annular PCB type pulse large current sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the integrator is an analog integrator with a parallel negative feedback filter circuit with a balance resistor, and is powered by a 5V lithium battery.
CN202111102625.5A 2021-09-21 2021-09-21 Open-close type annular PCB type pulse heavy current sensor Pending CN113970660A (en)

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CN210668042U (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-06-02 国网浙江省电力有限公司宁波供电公司 Induction electricity taking device on power transmission and transformation trunk cable
WO2020107426A1 (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 Siemens Ltd., China Current measurement apparatus
CN112837916A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-05-25 江阴市星火电子科技有限公司 Open-close type zero sequence current transformer with shielding
CN113113207A (en) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-13 深圳市胜斯智能技术有限责任公司 Open-close type Rogowski coil and current transformer

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101644752A (en) * 2009-08-14 2010-02-10 河南电力试验研究院 Online accuracy detection method and system of current transformer
CN102543411A (en) * 2012-02-07 2012-07-04 无锡北科自动化科技有限公司 Squirrel cage type hollow-core current transformer
CN202443855U (en) * 2012-02-07 2012-09-19 无锡北科自动化科技有限公司 Comprehensive conditioning module for squirrel-cage hollow current transformer
WO2015136910A1 (en) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Torroidal coil device and current measurement device using same
CN204130334U (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-01-28 珠海中慧微电子有限公司 Cable-type current transformer
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CN204230016U (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-25 国家电网公司 A kind of half-open box-like air core current transformer with high anti-electromagnetic interference capability
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CN104407200A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-03-11 国家电网公司 Open type fault transient current sensor
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CN112837916A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-05-25 江阴市星火电子科技有限公司 Open-close type zero sequence current transformer with shielding

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