CN113970515B - Method for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of metal material and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of metal material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 203
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 203
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of a metal material, which measures the corrosion of the metal material by a weight gain method and comprises the following steps: step A: preparing a sample plate, directly drying the sample plate with corrosion products after the outdoor simulation corrosion is finished, weighing the total mass of the sample plate, and calculating the mass gain delta WA in the period; and (B) step (B): collecting corrosion products and other substances falling off from a sample plate from a collecting device, drying the collecting device and the corrosion products on the collecting device after the period is finished, weighing the total mass of the collecting device, and calculating the mass gain delta WB in the period; step C: calculating the weight gain delta WC before and after the period of the reference template; step D: calculating the mass gain delta WD of the impurity falling off from the reference sample plate in the period; the corrosion weight gain Δw of the template over the period is calculated according to the following formula: aw=awa+awb- (Δwc+Δwd). An application is also disclosed. The invention is suitable for outdoor simulation, in particular for corrosion resistance evaluation of steel products with protective rust layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of corrosion performance evaluation of steel products, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating corrosion resistance of a metal material outdoor hanging piece by measuring the corrosion rate of the metal material outdoor hanging piece by a weight increasing method.
Background
The outdoor exposure test is the most traditional and most important method for evaluating the corrosion resistance of metal materials in the atmosphere. The method is to expose a metal material sample to be evaluated to a typical corrosion environment, and periodically observe the corrosion performance of the sample in the environment to evaluate the corrosion resistance. Wherein, the corrosion rate is one of the indexes which can visually represent the corrosiveness of the sample. Generally, methods for measuring corrosion rate are a corrosion weightlessness method and a weighting method. Because the outdoor hanging piece template is extremely easy to fall off and lose when being flushed by rain water; in the process, dust, particulate matter deposit and other impurities are attached, and all factors can greatly influence the authenticity of corrosion weight gain data, so that the corrosion rate obtained by adopting a corrosion weight gain method cannot effectively represent the corrosion performance of the metal material. Thus, outdoor exposure experiments typically use the weight loss rate due to corrosion after the complete removal of the corrosion product from the template surface to characterize its corrosion resistance. At present, the method for evaluating the corrosion resistance of the material by adopting the weighing corrosion weight increase method is only suitable for special occasions without the influence of impurity adhesion, without desorption of corrosion products, and with difficulty in effective removal of the corrosion products.
However, the corrosion rate measured by the weightlessness method has the own great disadvantages, which are mainly reflected in three aspects:
1. a large number of coupons are required. Since each measurement of the corrosion rate requires the complete removal of the corrosion products previously formed on the surface of the coupon, each set of coupons (3 or 5) can only achieve an average corrosion rate of the material over a particular period. In order to obtain the corrosion rate of the material at different periods, different sets of coupons are required. Resulting in a dramatic increase in the sample and test amounts.
2. The interference factors are many. Differences between the different wafers, whether corrosion products can be removed thoroughly and pertinently, loss of metal material during removal of corrosion products, etc. all affect the measurement results.
3. Is not green and environment-friendly. The corrosion rate is measured by adopting a weightlessness method, and the corrosion rate needs to be pickled for many times, so that certain influence can be caused on the environment and human bodies.
4. Applicability is limited. The weightless method must rely on the fact that the corrosion products attached to the surface of the template can be removed in a targeted manner, and not all cases can find suitable targeted removal means, for example, for certain steel products, such as weather-resistant steel products with rust layers or hot rolled steel products with oxide skin, the products are themselves covered with iron oxides, the protection of the inner layer metal is enhanced by the iron oxide layer, and the surface protection layer is the same substance as the corrosion products generated by the later natural corrosion of the products, and cannot be removed in a targeted manner at all, so that the corrosion rate cannot be measured by weightless.
If the corrosion rate of the metal material outdoor hanging plates can be measured by adopting a weight increasing method, the number of the metal material outdoor hanging plates can be greatly reduced, the corrosion rate of the metal material in any time period in a specific outdoor environment can be obtained by only one group of hanging plates, the available corrosion data of each group of outdoor hanging plates can be greatly increased, and meanwhile, a great amount of outdoor hanging plate cost is saved for outdoor hanging plate owners. Moreover, if the corrosion rate can be measured by the weighting method, many problems of the conventional corrosion rate measurement which cannot be solved by the weightless method, such as evaluation of corrosion resistance of weather-resistant steel with rust layer or hot-rolled plate with oxide scale, etc., can be solved.
The current domestic patents on corrosion rate measurement focus on the use of electrochemical technology to monitor equipment corrosion rate online. Various patents by rosomud corporation have employed such techniques as corrosion rate measurement systems (CN 201520148367.8, CN 201420802745.5), corrosion rate measurement (CN 201510114343.5), corrosion rate measurement using sacrificial probes (CN 201410788042.6), corrosion rate measurement using multivariable sensors (CN 201510931578.3), and the like. Other patents, such as a corrosion rate measuring device (CN 201620368268.5), a cathodic protection and external corrosion rate monitoring probe for pipelines (CN 201620668591.4), a corrosion rate measuring device and measuring method (CN 201610270025.2), a metal corrosion rate measuring probe and method in the atmosphere (CN 201010209506.5), etc., are also used. The technology can change the corrosion condition of on-line monitoring equipment through electrochemical signals in the corrosion occurrence process, belongs to a method for measuring and calculating the equivalent corrosion rate by adopting an indirect method, and cannot accurately give out the material loss caused by corrosion. The patent film static corrosion rate measuring method (CN 201210496284.9) provides a method for measuring the corrosion rate by measuring the height difference at the interface by a profilometer, but the method is only suitable for measuring the corrosion rate of a wafer in a thin liquid film and cannot be used for measuring the macroscopic corrosion rate of a metal material.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring the corrosion rate of the metal material outdoor hanging piece by using a weight increasing method so as to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the metal material outdoor hanging piece.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material measures the corrosion of the metal material by a weight gain method, and comprises the following steps:
step A: preparing a sample plate, placing a collecting device below the sample plate to enable the sample plate to receive all falling objects, simulating corrosion outdoors, directly drying the sample plate with corrosion products after the simulation period is finished, weighing the total mass of the sample plate with corrosion products, and calculating the mass increment delta WA in the period;
and (B) step (B): collecting corrosion products and other substances falling off from a sample plate from a collecting device, drying the collecting device and the corrosion products on the collecting device after the period is finished, weighing the total mass of the collecting device, and calculating the mass gain delta WB in the period;
step C: setting a reference template for each size template in each environment, drying the water adsorbed on the surface of the reference template after the period is finished, weighing the total mass of the water, and calculating the mass increment delta WC before and after the period;
step D: the collecting device which is the same as the collecting device in the step B is arranged below the reference sample plate, impurities falling off from the reference sample plate are collected, after the period is finished, the device and corrosion products on the device are dried, the total mass of the device is weighed, and the mass gain delta WD in the period is calculated;
step E: the corrosion weight gain Δw of the template over the period is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔW＝ΔWA+ΔWB-(ΔWC+ΔWD)。
according to the corrosion weight gain and the composition of corrosion products, the mass of the metal simple substance participating in the reaction, namely the corrosion weight loss, can be calculated, and then the corrosion rate can be calculated.
The template and the collecting device are in non-contact. The invention is particularly suitable for outdoor evaluation of corrosion weight gain.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material, the metal sample plate is placed above the collecting device, the collecting device and the collecting method are set, meanwhile, the reference sample plate with the same size is set, the same collecting device is arranged below the reference sample plate, the weight gain of the sample plate in the period of outdoor simulation corrosion is measured, and the weight gain of the reference sample plate in the period is deducted, so that the quality of the corrosion weight gain is measured.
In the step A, the sample plate is directly dried and then weighed without cleaning or removing corrosion products after the period experiment is completed.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material of the present invention, preferably, the present invention collects all corrosion products falling off from the template by the collecting device and the placing means. Two devices and experimental methods are listed for reference: wherein the mode I is:
the collecting device is formed by nesting and combining a funnel-shaped open glass container and a conical narrow-mouth container, the collecting device is placed below the sample plate, and corrosion products of the sample plate enter the conical narrow-mouth container through a funnel and are collected. The collecting device and the collecting method are easy to realize.
Preferably, wherein mode II is: the collecting device is made of filtering materials to form a filtering dish, the filtering dish is placed below the sample plate, corrosion products of the sample plate are collected by the filtering dish, and water is automatically discharged. The collecting device and the collecting method can reduce the drying time of the container.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material, the template is preferably a parallelogram template, the sharp angle is downward after the template rotates, the angular bisector of the downward sharp angle of the template is ensured to be positioned on the same straight line with the central line of the lower collector as far as possible, and the downward sharp angle of the template is ensured to be deep into the funnel or tangential to the plane of the edge of the filter dish as far as possible under the condition that the template is ensured to be in no contact with the funnel wall.
Such placement ensures that all of the rain water, after exiting the template through the sharp corners, enters the underlying collector to ensure that corrosion products are collected. Further, to obtain more standard results, the template face is inclined at a standard angle to the horizontal, which may be 30-60 degrees.
Collector centerline, mode I is funnel centerline, mode II is filter dish centerline.
Further, the template is a rectangular template.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material, preferably, the size and the shape of the reference template are consistent with those of the template, and the surface roughness is consistent with or close to that of the template; cleaning is required when impurities are found in the reference template and/or the template collecting device, which can significantly affect weighing.
Sundries which can obviously influence weighing in the collecting device include fallen leaves, broken stones, feathers, insect carcasses and the like; in step C, D, for templates of the same size in the same area of the same site where the environment is substantially uniform, a set of reference templates may be selected for use in modifying the adhesion of material impurities.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material of the present invention, it is preferable that in the step B, C, D, all the collecting devices involved and the materials selected by the reference sample plate are kept substantially stable in quality in the corrosion environment.
The material selected by the reference sample plate or the material of the collecting device cannot be changed obviously in the corrosion environment. Such as glass, ceramic or corrosion resistant alloy.
Further, the collecting device is formed by nesting and combining a funnel-shaped open glass container and a conical narrow-mouth container, and the collecting device is made of glass. If the collecting device is made of a filtering material to form a filter dish, the collecting device recommends an alumina ceramic membrane filtering material.
According to the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material, the drying temperature is preferably 100-120 ℃, and the metal material is preferably weighed after the object is restored to the room temperature after being dried and the quality is stable. More preferably, the drying is performed a plurality of times and the mass change after each drying is compared until the front-rear mass change is within 2 mg. All weights need to be at least accurate to milligrams.
In step A, B, C, D, all drying is performed to ensure that the water on the surface of the object is completely removed, without any other changes to the object itself.
Preferably, in the collecting mode and the collecting method of mode I, the drying of the collecting device must be performed before the liquid storage device is full. This is not required in case mode II employs a filter dish to ensure that no liquid is spilled.
The invention also provides application of the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material in evaluating corrosion performance of the hot rolled plate of the rust plate. Is particularly suitable for evaluating the corrosion resistance of steel products with protective rust layers.
The invention relates to a method for evaluating corrosion resistance of a metal material outdoor hanging piece by measuring the corrosion rate of the metal material outdoor hanging piece by a weight increasing method, which is particularly suitable for evaluating the corrosion resistance of steel products with protective rust layers (such as weather-resistant steel with rust layers, hot-rolled plates with oxide scales and the like). By adopting the technology, the corrosion rate of the metal material can be measured by a weight increasing method, the influence of factors such as corrosion product falling off, sundry adsorption and the like on the accuracy of the result is effectively avoided, the corrosion rate of the material can be obtained without removing the corrosion product, and the falling and flowing condition of the corrosion product of the material can be represented by visual results. The method has the advantages of small required sample size, high result accuracy and wide adaptability, and the obtained evaluation result is comprehensive, can more comprehensively and objectively represent the corrosion performance of the material, and fills the short plate of the existing method.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the corrosion weight gain of the metal material can be accurately obtained, so that the corrosion rate of the material can be calculated, and the corrosion resistance of the metal including the rusted product can be more simply, directly and objectively represented.
Compared with the conventional weightlessness method, the method provided by the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the corrosion resistance of the steel product with the rust layer can be evaluated. As previously mentioned, conventional weightless methods measure the sample corrosion rate by first removing corrosion products by pickling or other methods and are therefore unsuitable for steel products with rust layers. By adopting the method, the sample plate does not need to remove surface corrosion products, so the method is still applicable to steel products with rust layers.
2. The number of the sample wafers is greatly reduced, and more corrosion data can be obtained by a single sample wafer. The traditional weightlessness method has changed the surface state of the sample plate after the corrosion product is removed, so that experiment tracking cannot be continued unless special test requirements exist, and the surface corrosion resistance after the corrosion product is removed needs to be studied. Thus, the corrosion rate was measured using the weightlessness method, and only one data point could be obtained for one sample. By adopting the method, the surface state of the sample plate is not changed all the time in the test process, so that continuous test can be performed, a sample can be used for measuring a plurality of data points, and the change condition of the corrosion rate of a sample along with the time can be dynamically tracked.
3. Is more green and environment-friendly. In order to ensure that the corrosion products are not lost in the conventional weightlessness method, the corrosion inhibitor-added acid or alkali is often required to be used, the problem of waste liquid recovery exists, and the environmental impact is unavoidable. The method does not involve the use of any corrosive medium and the process has no effect on the environment.
4. The falling-off condition of the corrosion products of the metal materials can be specially evaluated. The method collects corrosion products falling off from the sample plate by adopting a special device, so that the falling corrosion products can be specially analyzed and evaluated. The quality of the fallen corrosion product can be obtained by weighing, and the fallen corrosion product can be extracted for special component analysis, tissue analysis and physical and chemical property analysis, so that the mysterious veil fallen by the corrosion product can be further uncovered. The corrosion products of the traditional weightlessness method are selectively dissolved and cannot be specially analyzed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of a metallic material according to the present invention (mode I).
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another apparatus for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of metallic materials according to the present invention (scheme II).
Detailed Description
The device and the method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal outdoor hanging sheet are further explained and illustrated by the following description and specific embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, but the explanation and the illustration do not limit the technical scheme of the invention improperly.
The following steps are adopted in the following embodiments to measure the corrosion weight gain of the metal material outdoor hanging piece, and the main functions and the necessity of each step are as follows:
1. and (5) cleaning. Collectors B and D were made. The sample plate A, the reference sample plate C and the corresponding collectors B and D are cleaned by using a neutral degreasing agent with the temperature of 70 ℃ being 2%, and then the surface is cleaned by using a large amount of clean water until a uniform continuous water film can be formed.
2. And (5) drying. And then placing the sample plate A and the corresponding collector B into a drying box, and drying at 120 ℃ for more than 10 minutes until no liquid drops remain. The reference pattern C and its collector D take the same action.
3. And (5) weighing. After the sample plate a and its collector B cooled to room temperature and stabilized, the total mass was weighed to the nearest milligram. The reference pattern C and its collector D take the same action. Steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the front and rear mass loss is within 2 mg.
4. And (5) mounting. And the template A is obliquely arranged on the hanging piece frame after being rotated by 45 degrees, so that one sharp angle of the template A faces downwards, and the bisector of the sharp angle is vertical. And a collector B is fixed under the downward sharp angle of the sample plate A, so that the central line B and the angular bisector of the downward sharp angle of the sample plate A are positioned on the same straight line, and rainwater is ensured to enter the conical 2 narrow-mouth container through the funnel 1 after being separated from the sample plate A through the sharp angle. The reference pattern C and its corresponding collector D are fixed exactly as the pattern.
5. And (5) weighing the lower frame. And (3) directly repeating the steps (2) and (3) for drying and weighing for multiple times under the condition of not cleaning the sample plate A and the corresponding collector B after the period is finished until the quality result is not obviously changed. The reference pattern C and its collector D take the same action.
6. Weight gain was calculated. Subtracting the total mass before the period from the total mass of the template A and the collector B corresponding to the template A after each period to obtain the total weight gain of the template A and the collector B in the period. The same method is adopted to obtain the total weight of the reference sample plate C and the corresponding collector D, and the weight of the reference sample plate C is increased due to non-corrosive factors such as sundries adhesion and the like in the sample plate period because the quality of the reference sample plate C is not changed before and after the period, and the placement, the area, the roughness and the like of the reference sample plate C are similar to those of the sample plate A. The weight gain of the template A caused by corrosion in the period can be obtained more accurately by subtracting the two.
Sample corrosion weight gain Δw=Δwa+Δwb- Δwc- Δwd during a cycle
Example 1
A hot rolled pickled sheet of 06CuPCrNiMo weathering steel of 10cm in side length was taken, subjected to a house-hold cladding experiment in Shanghai area as described above and measured for mass gain due to corrosion in 3 months by the method described above, and a 316L hot rolled pickled sheet of the same size was selected as a reference sample plate and a simple collector was made using a glass funnel and a conical flask as shown in FIG. 1.
The direct weight gain of the sample plate before and after three months is measured to be 0.344g, the weight gain of the sample plate corresponding to the collector is 0.171g, the weight gain of the reference plate is 0.017g, the weight gain of the collector corresponding to the reference plate is 0.045g, the corrosion weight gain of the sample plate is calculated to be 0.344+0.171-0.017-0.045=0.453 g, the loss weight of the corresponding Fe element is calculated to be 0.768g according to the FeO (OH) as a main corrosion product, and the estimated annual corrosion rate is about 39.4um/a.
And then referring to the GB/T16545 standard, the corrosion product on the surface of the sample plate is cleaned by adopting dilute hydrochloric acid added with hexamethylenetetramine as a corrosion inhibitor, and the weight loss caused by corrosion is measured. The corrosion weight loss of the sample plate was measured to be 0.783g, and the corresponding annual corrosion rate was about 40.2um/a.
The vast majority of corrosion products of 06CuPCrNiMo weathering steel in atmospheric environment are FeO (OH). According to the composition of the product, 0.461g of hydrogen element and oxygen element are consumed every 0.783g of iron is lost, and the error is within 5 percent according to the data obtained by a weight increasing method. The weight gain method is slightly lower than the weight loss method because few corrosion products are scraped away by wind in the process and cannot be collected. But the overall error is within acceptable limits and the method is effective. If the method is not adopted, the weight gain of the sample plate is directly measured, the weight gain data is found to be 0.344g, the weight gain data cannot be matched with the weight loss data, the error exceeds 25%, and a large amount of corrosion products are separated from the sample plate along with rain wash. It can even be estimated that with the present method, about 0.126g (0.171-0.045=0.126 g) of corrosion products are released from the template after rain wash.
Example 2
The method is adopted to measure the mass gain caused by corrosion in 3 months after a hot rolled 06CuPCrNiMo weather-resistant steel plate with the side length of 10cm and covered with a stable rust layer for 8 years in the open air is subjected to outdoor exposure, the mass gain caused by corrosion in 3 months is measured by adopting the method in Shanghai region, a 316L hot rolled pickling plate with the same size is selected as a reference sample plate, and a nano ceramic membrane filter material is adopted to manufacture the collector shown in figure 2.
The direct weight gain of the sample plate before and after three months is measured to be 0.057g, the weight gain of the sample plate corresponding to the collector is 0.048g, the weight gain of the reference plate is 0.017g, the weight gain of the collector corresponding to the reference plate is 0.045g, and therefore the corrosion weight gain of the sample plate is calculated to be 0.344+0.048-0.017-0.045=0.043 g.
And then referring to the GB/T16545 standard, the corrosion product on the surface of the sample plate is cleaned by adopting dilute hydrochloric acid added with hexamethylenetetramine as a corrosion inhibitor, and the weight loss caused by corrosion is measured. The sample plate corrosion weight loss was measured to be 5.013g.
From the results, it can be seen that if the weightlessness method is adopted, since the stable rust layer formed by the steel plate for 8 years and the corrosion product formed by the hanging piece for 3 months are the same substances, the corrosion product cannot be removed in a targeted manner when cleaning, and the obtained weightlessness is the material loss caused by the accumulation of corrosion of the steel plate for 8 years and 3 months, if the corrosion rate of the material for the last 3 months is calculated according to the result, the material is obviously not scientific. Therefore, only the average corrosion rate of the steel plate of 8 years and zero for 3 months can be obtained by adopting the weightlessness method, but the corrosion rate of the steel plate of the last 3 months after the stable rust layer protection is obtained cannot be obtained.
By adopting the method, the corrosion weight gain of the 06CuPCrNiMo weathering steel with rust layer protection within 3 months can be accurately obtained, and the corrosion rate of the steel is calculated. If calculated as FeO (OH) as corrosion product, the weight gain should correspond to a material weight loss of 0.073g, roughly estimating a corresponding annual corrosion rate of 3.74um/a. The annual average corrosion rate of the material calculated by the weightlessness method is 7.79um/a within 8 years. The corrosion rate of weathering steel protected by the stable rust layer is greatly reduced.
The method can also more accurately calculate the mass of corrosion products which drop from the steel plate, which is only about 0.03g (0.48-0.45=0.03 g) and is far lower than 0.126g in the early stage. It can be seen that the falling-off condition of corrosion products of weathering steel is also improved obviously after the stabilization. This is consistent with literature reports, but can be quantitatively evaluated using the present method.
The liquid that drops from the template can be totally collected through the device in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the weight gain that causes because of impurity adhesion etc. can be effectively deducted through the diagram method, reinforcing accuracy of weighing.
The invention particularly relates to a device and a method for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of a metal material, which are particularly suitable for evaluating corrosion resistance of steel products with protective rust layers. By adopting the technology of the invention, the corrosion weight gain of the metal material outdoor hanging plate can be accurately measured, the influence of factors such as corrosion product falling off and sundry adsorption on the accuracy of the result is effectively avoided, the corrosion rate of the metal material can be accurately obtained by a weight gain method without removing the corrosion product, the required sample quantity is greatly reduced, the invention has the advantages of high accuracy of the result, wide adaptability and the like, and the invention can easily obtain important information such as the falling-off condition of the sample corrosion product, is convenient for more comprehensively evaluating the corrosion characteristics of the material, and fills the short plate of the prior method.
Claims (9)
1. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material is characterized by measuring the corrosion of the metal material by a weight gain method and comprises the following steps of:
step A: preparing a sample plate, placing a collecting device below the sample plate to enable the sample plate to receive all falling objects, simulating corrosion outdoors, directly drying the sample plate with corrosion products after the simulation period is finished, weighing the total mass of the sample plate with corrosion products, and calculating the mass increment delta WA in the period;
and (B) step (B): collecting corrosion products and other substances falling off from a sample plate from a collecting device, drying the collecting device and the corrosion products on the collecting device after the period is finished, weighing the total mass of the collecting device, and calculating the mass gain delta WB in the period;
step C: setting a reference template for each size template in each environment, drying the water adsorbed on the surface of the reference template after the period is finished, weighing the total mass of the water, and calculating the mass increment delta WC before and after the period;
step D: the collecting device which is the same as the collecting device in the step B is arranged below the reference sample plate, impurities falling off from the reference sample plate are collected, after the period is finished, the device and corrosion products on the device are dried, the total mass of the device is weighed, and the mass gain delta WD in the period is calculated;
step E: the corrosion weight gain Δw of the template over the period is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔW＝ΔWA+ΔWB-(ΔWC+ΔWD)；
in step B, C, D, all collection devices involved, the material selected for the reference gauge, remain substantially stable in quality in the corrosive environment.
2. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that a metal sample plate is arranged above a collecting device, the collecting device and the collecting method are set, meanwhile, a reference sample plate with the same size is set, the same collecting device is arranged below the reference sample plate, and the weight gain of the reference sample plate in the period is deducted by measuring the weight gain of the sample plate in the outdoor simulation corrosion period, so that the weight gain of corrosion is measured.
3. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of a metal material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the collecting device is formed by nesting and combining a funnel-shaped open glass container and a conical narrow-mouth container, the collecting device is placed below the sample plate, and corrosion products of the sample plate enter the conical narrow-mouth container through a funnel and are collected.
4. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of a metal material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the collecting device is made of filtering materials to form a filtering dish, the filtering dish is placed below the sample plate, corrosion products of the sample plate are collected by the filtering dish, and water is automatically discharged.
5. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein: the sample plate is a parallelogram sample plate, the sharp angle is downward placed after the sample plate rotates, the angular bisector of the sharp angle downward of the sample plate is ensured to be positioned on the same straight line as the central line of the collector below as much as possible, and the sharp angle downward of the sample plate is enabled to enter the funnel or be tangent to the plane where the edge of the filter dish is positioned as much as possible under the condition that the sample plate is ensured to be in no contact with the wall of the funnel.
6. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein: the size and shape of the reference template are consistent with those of the template, and the surface roughness is consistent with or close to that of the template; cleaning is required when impurities are found in the reference template and/or the template collecting device, which can significantly affect weighing.
7. The method for accurately measuring the corrosion weight gain of the metal material according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the metal material is weighed after the object is dried, recovered to room temperature and stable in quality.
8. A method of accurately measuring the corrosive weight gain of a metallic material as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the drying of the collecting device must be carried out before the reservoir is full.
9. Use of the method for accurately measuring corrosion weight gain of metal material according to claim 1 for evaluating corrosion performance of hot rolled stainless steel plate.
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