CN113969863B - Yaw cushioning safety system of wind driven generator - Google Patents

Yaw cushioning safety system of wind driven generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113969863B
CN113969863B CN202111094379.3A CN202111094379A CN113969863B CN 113969863 B CN113969863 B CN 113969863B CN 202111094379 A CN202111094379 A CN 202111094379A CN 113969863 B CN113969863 B CN 113969863B
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Prior art keywords
yaw
module
buffer
driving
yawing
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CN202111094379.3A
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CN113969863A (en
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王军
高刚
鲁渌
雷牛伟
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Huadian International Ningxia New Energy Power Generation Co ltd
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Huadian International Ningxia New Energy Power Generation Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • F16F15/027—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means comprising control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a yaw cushioning safety system of a wind driven generator, wherein a regulation and control system comprises a control module, a monitoring module, a feedback module and an execution module, wherein the monitoring module, the feedback module and the execution module are connected to the control module; the yawing shock absorption unit comprises a fixed gear disc positioned at the top of the tower, a yawing driving assembly positioned at the lower end of the machine base and matched with the fixed gear disc, a shock absorption assembly arranged at the lower end of the fixed gear disc, and a variable pitch synchronization unit arranged on a hub at the end part of the machine base and comprising a synchronization driving assembly and a buffering assembly; the control system is used for monitoring and controlling the yawing and pitch changing processes of the wind driven generator, realizing yawing of the base through the yawing bradyseism unit, performing yawing driving through the yawing driving assembly, and keeping the stability of the bradyseism unit in the yawing process; the pitch control synchronization unit realizes pitch control of the fan blades, the fan blades are driven through the synchronization driving assembly, and the buffering assembly is used for keeping the stability of the pitch control process.

Description

Yaw cushioning safety system of wind driven generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a yaw cushioning safety system of a wind driven generator.
Background
The wind driven generator is an electric device which converts wind energy into mechanical energy and converts the mechanical energy into electric energy, and the clean energy of the wind energy is widely popularized along with the increase of environmental awareness. In the wind driven generator, a variable pitch system is used as one of core parts of a control system of the wind turbine generator, and plays an important role in safe, stable and efficient operation of the wind turbine generator.
The stable operation of the wind driven generator requires a stable working environment, and the wind driven generator in an external environment often needs to change the angle of a fan blade and the orientation of the whole frame according to the wind direction so as to maintain the optimal windward angle. In the process of blade pitch variation and frame yaw, disturbance of external wind power influences the overall safe operation of the fan.
Yaw control of the wind driven generator becomes one of hot spots and difficulties of control technology research of the current large-scale wind driven generator set, synchronous control is carried out along with pitch variation in the yaw process, and a yaw cushioning safety system of the wind driven generator is provided for achieving stability of the yaw process.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is provided in view of the problems of the existing wind power generator in the yaw process.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a yaw cushioning safety system of a wind driven generator, and aims to solve the problems of instability of a rack and poor pitch synchronization effect in yaw control of the existing wind driven generator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a yaw buffering safety system of a wind driven generator comprises a regulation and control system, a yaw buffering unit and a pitch synchronizing unit, wherein the regulation and control system comprises a control module, a monitoring module, a feedback module and an execution module, the monitoring module, the feedback module and the execution module are connected to the control module, and the monitoring module is electrically connected with the feedback module; the yawing shock absorption unit comprises a fixed gear disc positioned at the top of the tower, a yawing driving assembly positioned at the lower end of the machine base and matched with the fixed gear disc, a shock absorption assembly arranged at the lower end of the fixed gear disc, and a variable pitch synchronization unit arranged on a hub at the end part of the machine base, and the yawing shock absorption unit comprises a synchronization driving assembly and a buffer assembly arranged in the synchronization driving assembly.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the present invention, wherein: the monitoring module comprises a pressure sensor, an angle sensor and a rotating speed sensor; the pressure sensor monitors a pressure signal to the tower when the base is in yaw; the angle sensor monitors an angle signal when the base is in yaw and monitors an angle signal when each fan blade is in variable-pitch driving; the rotating speed sensor acquires rotating speed signals of the fan blades before and after the blades are changed into the propeller; and the pressure sensor, the angle sensor and the rotating speed sensor transmit electric signals to the feedback module through the analog-to-digital converter.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the regulation and control system also comprises a communication module and a server electrically connected with the communication module; the communication module is connected with the control module, and the control module sends the monitoring data information obtained by processing the monitoring data information and the correspondingly output execution data information to the server through the communication module.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: and driving tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the edge of the fixed gear plate, and a first rotary bearing and a second rotary bearing are respectively arranged on the side walls of the top and the bottom of the fixed gear plate.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the yaw driving assembly comprises a supporting platform, a yaw motor arranged at the edge of the supporting platform, a driving gear arranged at the output end of the yaw motor, and a yaw brake arranged on the rotary platform; the supporting platform is placed at the top of the fixed gear disc through the first rotary bearing, the lower end of the supporting platform extends below the fixed gear disc, and the driving gear and the yaw brake can be matched in the driving tooth sockets.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the shock absorption assembly is installed the supporting platform extends in on the terminal surface of fixed fluted disc below, and it includes shock absorber cylinder, cover and locates the damping spring in the shock absorber cylinder outside to and be located the blotter of shock absorber cylinder top and bottom.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the damping oil cylinders are provided with a plurality of groups and are circumferentially distributed between the end surface of the bottom of the supporting platform and the second rotary bearing; and two ends of the damping spring are respectively abutted against the end surface of the bottom of the supporting platform and the side wall of the lower end of the second slewing bearing.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the synchronous driving assembly comprises a variable pitch support and a synchronous fluted disc matched on the variable pitch support; one end of the variable-pitch support facing the hub is provided with a matching groove and an assembling groove, and the assembling groove is positioned on the outer side of the matching groove; the side wall of the matching groove is also provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is communicated with the matching groove through a communicating groove; the synchronous fluted disc is provided with synchronous tooth's socket on the lateral wall of synchronous fluted disc axial one end, be provided with spacing post on the other end lateral wall, the cooperation articulates there is the actuating lever on the spacing post, the actuating lever is kept away from the one end of spacing post articulate in cooperate the inslot.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the invention, wherein: the buffer assembly comprises a buffer rod arranged in the limiting groove and a buffer piece arranged in the side wall of the variable pitch support; the buffer rod comprises a limiting sleeve sleeved on the limiting column and an arc-shaped rod connected to the side wall of the limiting sleeve, and one end, far away from the limiting sleeve, of the arc-shaped rod extends into the buffer piece; the buffer piece comprises a buffer cavity and a backflow cavity, and the buffer cavity and the backflow cavity are kept in one-way communication through a check valve group; a piston block is arranged in the buffer cavity in a sliding mode, and one end of the piston block is connected with the piston block.
As a preferable scheme of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind power generator of the present invention, wherein: and the execution module is electrically connected with the yaw motor, the damping oil cylinder, the driving rod and the check valve group respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the regulation and control system is used for monitoring and controlling the yawing and pitch changing processes of the wind driven generator, realizing yawing of the base through the yawing bradyseism unit, performing yawing driving through the yawing driving assembly, and keeping the stability of the bradyseism unit in the yawing process; the variable-pitch synchronization unit realizes variable pitch of the fan blades, the fan blades are driven by the synchronous driving assembly, and the buffer assembly is used for keeping the stability of a variable-pitch process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system local control for a yaw bradyseism safety system of a wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall control of the yaw bradyseism safety system of the wind turbine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the hub and the base of the wind driven generator of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a yaw buffering unit and a tower of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a separation structure of a yaw damping unit of the yaw damping safety system of the wind turbine.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a yaw buffering unit of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention in a partially enlarged half-section.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a driving unit installation structure of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine with the driving unit separated from the hub.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving unit of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive assembly X-X of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drive assembly of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the extending action of the drive rod of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the drive rod shortening operation of the yaw buffering safety system of the wind turbine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures of the present invention are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 5, 9 and 10, for a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a yaw buffering safety system of a wind turbine, the safety system comprising a regulation and control system 100, a yaw buffering unit 200 and a pitch synchronizing unit 300. The regulation and control system 100 (reference numerals are not marked in the drawings) is a control system of a wind driven generator base J and a wind driven blade F, and is actually integrated into an electric control cabinet placed in a cabin; the yaw cushioning unit 200 is used for realizing yaw of the base J, so that blades of the wind driven generator form an optimal windward angle with a wind direction. The pitch synchronization unit 300 is used to implement a pitch operation of the wind turbine blade F, so that the wind turbine blade F reaches a maximum rotation speed in a real-time wind condition.
Specifically, the regulation and control system 100 includes a control module 101, and a monitoring module 102, a feedback module 103 and an execution module 104 connected to the control module 101, wherein the monitoring module 102 is electrically connected to the feedback module 103; the control module 101 is a sending end of data processing and control instructions; the monitoring module 102 is used for monitoring signals in the pitch and yaw processes, and the obtained monitoring signals are used for correcting pitch and yaw control; the execution module 104 is used for controlling the control signal output of the module 101, and is used for realizing operations such as signal monitoring and driving control; the feedback module 103 is used for collecting the monitoring signal and the execution signal, so as to form a feedback signal, and the feedback signal is output to the control module 101 to modify the pitch and yaw process.
A yaw buffer unit 200 including a fixed gear disk 201 disposed at the top of the tower T, a yaw driving assembly 202 disposed at the lower end of the frame J and coupled to the fixed gear disk 201, and a buffer assembly 203 disposed at the lower end of the fixed gear disk 201; the tower T is a supporting body of the wind power generation main machine and the wind blades F, the fixed gear disc 201 on the top of the tower T is matched with the yaw driving assembly 202 on the base J to drive the base J to rotate on the top of the tower T, and the shock absorption assembly 203 is used for keeping the rotating yaw process stable and regulating and controlling when the base J or the fixed gear disc 201 is abraded.
And the pitch synchronization unit 300 is arranged on a hub G at the end part of the machine base J and comprises a synchronization driving assembly 301 and a buffer assembly 302 arranged in the synchronization driving assembly 301. The synchronous driving assembly 301 is used for synchronous control of the three groups of fan blades F, and the buffering assembly 302 is used for stable operation of the pitch control process and stable braking.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment, is: the monitoring module 102 includes a pressure sensor 102a, an angle sensor 102b, and a rotational speed sensor 102c; wherein, the pressure sensor 102a monitors the pressure signal to the tower T when the stand J yaws; the angle sensor 102b monitors an angle signal when the base J is in yaw and an angle signal when each fan blade F is in variable pitch driving; the rotating speed sensor 102c acquires rotating speed signals of each fan blade F before and after the pitch variation; the pressure sensor 102a, the angle sensor 102b and the rotational speed sensor 102c transmit the electrical signals to the feedback module 103 via the analog-to-digital converter 102 d.
The control system 100 further includes a communication module 105, and a server 106 electrically connected to the communication module 105; the communication module 105 is connected to the control module 101, and the control module 101 sends the monitoring data information obtained by processing and the corresponding output execution data information to the server 106 through the communication module 105.
Compared with embodiment 1, further, a plurality of sets of pressure sensors 102a in the monitoring module 102 are arranged and distributed at the fixed gear 201 of the machine base J, and are used for monitoring the pressure distribution conditions at various positions of the fixed gear 201, and when yawing occurs, due to the existence of wind force and the factors of the tower T, abrasion may be generated between the machine base J and the fixed gear 201, so that the pressures of the matching positions of the machine base J and the fixed gear 201 are uneven, and further accelerated damage is caused;
the angle sensors 102b are used for monitoring deflection angle information of the fan blades F, and it should be noted that there are three fan blades F, and the number of the angle sensors 102b is also three, each fan blade F is correspondingly monitored by one angle sensor 102b, and angle signals measured by the three angle sensors 102b are compared by the feedback module 103 to generate feedback signals. The angle sensor 102b is also used for monitoring the deflection angle of the stand J, and also outputs an angle signal generated by monitoring to the feedback module 103 to generate a feedback signal.
The rotating speed sensor 102c monitors rotating speed signals of the fan blades F before and after the blades F change the pitch, and the wind direction monitoring system in the main control system of the wind driven generator is matched to realize that the wind driven generator meets the optimal rotating speed within the rated rotating speed range under the condition of real-time wind speed. The analog-to-digital converter 104c is used for conversion between digital signals and electrical signals in the angle sensor 102b and the rotational speed sensor 102c to transmit monitoring information to the pitch control module 102 through the feedback module 105.
The analog-to-digital converter 102d is used for conversion between digital signals and electric signals in the angle sensor 102b and the rotational speed sensor 102c to transmit monitoring information to the control module 101 through the feedback module 103.
The communication module 105 is used for connecting the control module 101 with an external control center, and the communication module 105 sends signals obtained by monitoring, processing and feedback of the control module 101 to the server 106 for acquisition by the control center. Thereby obtaining the overall state parameters of the wind driven generator in operation.
The rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, a third embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that: the side wall of the edge of the fixed gear 201 is uniformly distributed with driving tooth slots 201a, and the top and bottom side walls thereof are respectively provided with a first rotary bearing 201b and a second rotary bearing 201c.
The yaw driving assembly 202 comprises a supporting platform 202a, a yaw motor 202b arranged at the edge of the supporting platform 202a, a driving gear 202c arranged at the output end of the yaw motor 202b, and a yaw brake 202d arranged on the rotating platform 202 a; the support platform 202a is placed on top of the fixed gear plate 201 through the first slewing bearing 201b, and its lower end extends below the fixed gear plate 201, and both the driving gear 202c and the yaw brake 202d can be fitted into the driving tooth grooves 201 a.
The shock absorbing assembly 203 is mounted on an end surface of the supporting platform 202a extending below the fixed gear 201, and includes a shock absorbing cylinder 203a, a shock absorbing spring 203b sleeved outside the shock absorbing cylinder 203a, and cushion pads 203c located at the top and bottom of the shock absorbing cylinder 203 a.
The damping oil cylinders 203a are provided with a plurality of groups and are circumferentially distributed between the end surface of the bottom of the supporting platform 202a and the second rotary bearing 201 c; both ends of the damper spring 203b abut against the bottom end surface of the support platform 202a and the side wall of the lower end of the second slewing bearing 201c.
Compared with the embodiment 2, further, wherein the fixed gear 201 is located on the top side wall of the tower T, the first rotary bearing 201b is located on the ring side wall of the fixed gear 201, and the second rotary bearing 201c is located at the lower end of the ring side wall, and both bearings can ensure the rotation of the supporting platform 202a covering the outside of the fixed gear 201.
Further, the supporting platform 202a is located at the bottom in the cabin, the whole supporting platform is a concave cavity, the upper side wall of the inner cavity is placed on the first rotary bearing 201b, and the side wall of the lower end face of the inner cavity is connected to the side wall of the second rotary bearing 201c through the shock absorption assembly 203; the yaw motor 202b is installed on the supporting platform 202a, the output end of the yaw motor passes through the side wall of the supporting platform 202a, and the driving gear 202c is installed to rotate in cooperation with the driving tooth slots 201a at the edge of the fixed gear disk 201, so that the machine base J rotates, namely the yaw of the wind driven generator main body.
The shock absorption assembly 203 is integrally installed on the side wall of the lower end of the cavity of the supporting platform 202a and mainly comprises a shock absorption oil cylinder 203a, a shock absorption spring 203b and a shock absorption pad 203c, the height of the shock absorption oil cylinder 203a is adjustable, the shock absorption oil cylinder is vertically supported between the side wall of the lower end of the supporting platform 202a and the side wall of the second rotary bearing 201c, the shock absorption spring 203b is located on the outer side of the shock absorption oil cylinder 203a, the shock absorption oil cylinder 203a and the second rotary bearing 201c are not in contact, two ends of the shock absorption assembly are also supported between the supporting platform 202a and the second rotary bearing 201c, and the pad 203c is placed at the contact position.
The rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 2.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 7 to 13, a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the third embodiment, is: the synchronous driving assembly 301 comprises a variable pitch support 301a and a synchronous fluted disc 301b matched with the variable pitch support 301 a; one end of the variable pitch support 301a facing the hub G is provided with a matching groove 301a-1 and an assembling groove 301a-2, and the assembling groove 301a-2 is located on the outer side of the matching groove 301 a-1; the side wall of the matching groove 301a-1 is also provided with a limiting groove 301a-3, and the limiting groove 301a-3 is communicated with the matching groove 301a-1 through a communicating groove 301 a-4; the side wall of one axial end of the synchronous fluted disc 301b is provided with a synchronous gullet 301b-1, the side wall of the other axial end is provided with a limit column 301b-2, the limit column 301b-2 is hinged with a driving rod 301b-3 in a matching mode, and one end, far away from the limit column 301b-2, of the driving rod 301b-3 is hinged in the matching groove 301 a-1.
The buffer component 302 comprises a buffer rod 302a arranged in the limiting groove 301a-3 and a buffer piece 302b arranged in the side wall of the variable pitch support 301 a; the buffer rod 302a comprises a limiting sleeve 302a-1 sleeved on the limiting column 301b-2 and an arc rod 302a-2 connected to the side wall of the limiting sleeve 302a-1, and one end, far away from the limiting sleeve 302a-1, of the arc rod 302a-2 extends into the buffer piece 302b; the buffer piece 302b comprises a buffer cavity 302b-1 and a backflow cavity 302b-2, and the buffer cavity 302b-1 and the backflow cavity 302b-2 are kept in one-way communication through a check valve group 302 b-3; the buffer cavity 302b-1 is provided with a piston block 302b-4 in a sliding manner, and one end of the piston block 302b-4 is connected with the piston block 302 b-4.
The execution module 104 is electrically connected with the yaw motor 202b, the shock absorption oil cylinder 203a, the driving rod 301b-3 and the check valve bank 302b-3 respectively.
Compared with embodiment 3, further, the variable pitch support 301a is a tubular structure sleeved at the end of the fan hub G, and a matching groove 301a-1 and an assembling groove 301a-2 are formed in an axial side wall of one end of the variable pitch support facing the fan hub G, wherein the matching groove 301a-1 can accommodate an outer side wall of the end of the fan hub G, and the assembling groove 301a-2 is located at an outer ring side of the matching groove 301a-1 and used for installing the synchronization fluted disc 301b.
Furthermore, a limiting groove 301a-3 is further formed along the radial side wall of the assembling groove 301a-2, the limiting groove 301a-3 is arc-shaped with a size of 90 degrees, at least 2 groups of limiting grooves are formed in the embodiment and symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the variable pitch support 301a, and the limiting groove 301a-3 is used for installing the synchronous fluted disc 301b. It should be further noted that the groove cavity of the limiting groove 301a-3 is communicated with the matching groove 301a-1 through the opened communicating groove 301 a-4. This communication slot 301a-4 is used for connection of the drive rod 301b-3, and the arc-shaped arrangement is intended to adapt the range of deflection of the drive rod 301 b-3.
The synchronous fluted disc 301b is used for synchronously driving the three fan blades F, further, the synchronous fluted disc 301b is inserted into the limiting groove 301a-3 through the matching of the limiting column 301b-2, the inner diameter of the synchronous fluted disc 301b is the same as that of the assembling groove 301a-2, the limiting column 301b-2 is also symmetrically distributed on the side wall of the radial end part of the synchronous fluted disc 301b, the matching of the limiting column 301b-2 and the limiting groove 301a-3 limits the deflection range of 90 degrees which can be formed by the synchronous fluted disc 301b, and the fan blades F can be driven to form a variable angle range of 0-90 degrees with the blown wind surface.
One side of the synchronous fluted disc 301b far away from the limiting column 301b-2 is distributed with an annular tooth socket C, and a driving tooth socket S meshed with the tooth socket C is arranged at the connecting end of the fan blade F. The driving of the drive gullets S and C is used for the deflection synchronization of the three fan blades F.
Further, the driving rod 301b-3 is used for providing a deflecting driving force to drive the synchronous fluted disc 301b to rotate, and it should be noted that the driving rod 301b-3 has a telescopic end and a connecting end, the connecting end is hinged in the groove cavity of the matching groove 301a-1, and the telescopic end is connected to the limit column 301b-2 through the communicating groove 301 a-4. Each restraint post 301b-2 is pushed by a driving rod 301 b-3. Here, the installation position of the connection end of the driving lever 301b-3 may be limited as follows: a hinge seat can be arranged in a groove cavity of the matching groove 301a-1, and the positions of the hinge seats are positioned at the M point and the N point of the radial section circle of the matching groove 301a-1, and the radius of the section circle is R; wherein, M point and N point are mirror symmetry about the central axis of the fitting groove 301a-1, taking the position of M point as an example, it is at 1/2R position in the horizontal direction, and at 1/4R position in the vertical direction. Verifying that this position is the optimal drive position for drive rod 301 b-3.
Further, the buffer rod 302a is an arc-shaped rod body member, and the center of the arc-shaped rod body member coincides with the center of the limiting groove 301 a-3; specifically, the limiting device comprises a limiting sleeve 302a-1 and an arc-shaped rod 302a-2, wherein the limiting sleeve 302a-1 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the limiting column 301b-2 and keeps moving synchronously with the limiting column 301 b-2. The other end of the curved rod 302a-2 extends into a buffer chamber 302a in the side wall of the support assembly 201 and is connected to the piston block 302b-4, and the movement of the piston block 302b-4 is buffered by hydraulic oil contained in the buffer chamber 302 a. Thereby decelerating and buffering the limiting column 301 b-2.
Further, the buffer member 302b comprises a buffer cavity 302b-1, a return cavity 302b-2, a check valve set 302b-3 and a piston block 302b-4; the piston block 302b-4 slides in the buffer cavity 302b-1, hydraulic oil is located in the buffer cavity 302b-1 and the return cavity 302b-2, the check valve group 302b-3 keeps the hydraulic oil in the buffer cavity 302b-1 and the return cavity 302b-2 to flow in a single direction, the piston block 302b-4 slides to cause the volume in the buffer cavity 302b-1 to change, so that a pressure difference is formed between the buffer cavity 302b-1 and the return cavity 302b-2, and the check valve group 302b-3 is opened in a single direction under the action of the pressure difference to realize the flow of the hydraulic oil in the two cavities.
The check valve set 302b-3 comprises at least two sets, namely a first check valve 302b-31 which is communicated from the buffer cavity 302b-1 to the return cavity 302b-2 in a one-way mode and a second check valve 302b-32 which is communicated from the return cavity 302b-2 to the buffer cavity 302b-1 in a one-way mode. The purpose of the two is that the on-off of the valve set can be controlled by the execution module 103 in an electrical control mode, so as to realize the stable braking of the variable pitch process.
Further, the hydraulic oil in the return cavity 302b-2 can be filled into the cavity through the oil filling nozzle to compensate for the possible leakage of the hydraulic oil, which causes the problem of insufficient pressure.
The rest of the structure is the same as that of example 3.
With reference to fig. 3 to 13, in the yawing, i.e., pitch changing process of the wind turbine, the wind direction is determined by the wind direction module in the original control system, the control module 101 processes the wind direction to obtain the included angle between the windward side of the fan blade F and the wind direction, the main control module issues a yawing instruction and a pitch changing instruction to the control module 101, and the execution module 103 issues specific yawing and pitch changing control operations.
In the process of yawing operation, the execution module 103 issues a driving command, so that the yawing motor 202b is started, and the driving gear 202c is meshed and rotated in the driving tooth slot 201a of the fixed gear disc 201, so that the supporting platform 202a integrally rotates, and the yawing operation of the fan is realized. In the process, the damping oil cylinder 203a and the damping spring 203b are kept still and deflect synchronously with the supporting platform 202 a. When the tower T or the slewing bearing or the supporting platform 202a is worn at the connecting and matching position, or the wind force is too much, so that vibration occurs between the supporting platform 202a and the tower T, the damping spring 203b can play a role in damping. The pressure sensor 102a monitors a pressure change signal, and at this time, the control module 101 may control the damping cylinder 203a to adjust the height to compensate for the thickness loss at the worn portion, so that the yawing process is performed smoothly.
In the variable pitch operation process, the execution module 103 issues a driving instruction to extend or shorten the driving rod 301b-3, taking the extension process of the driving rod 301b-3 as an example; when the driving rod 301b-3 extends, the telescopic end of the driving rod pushes the limiting column 301b-2 to slide in the limiting groove 202b-1, the synchronous fluted disc 301b rotates at the moment and is meshed with the tooth space C outside the fan blade F to rotate, the three blades are driven to rotate synchronously, in the rotating process of the fan blade F, the angle sensor 102b monitors the rotating angle of each blade, the rotating speed sensor 102C monitors the rotating speed change of each blade before and after deflection, the data monitored by the angle sensor and the rotating speed sensor are converted by the analog-to-digital converter 104C and then transmitted to the feedback module 105 to obtain feedback data, and the pitch control module 102 corrects the pitch control process through the feedback data.
In the process that the driving rod 301b-3 pushes the limiting column 301b-2 to move, because the limiting sleeve 302a-1 is sleeved on the limiting column 301b-2, when the limiting column 301b-2 moves, the arc-shaped rod 302a-2 also deflects and moves, the piston block 302b-4 at the end part is pushed to move in the buffer cavity 302b-1, the cavity volume of the buffer cavity 302b-1 is reduced, the pressure is increased and is greater than the pressure in the return cavity 302b-2, so that the first one-way valve 302c-1 is opened, the second one-way valve 302c-1 is kept closed, hydraulic oil in the buffer cavity 302b-1 gradually flows into the return cavity 302b-2, the moving speed of the piston block 302b-4 is reduced in the process, namely, the movement of the limiting column 301b-2 and the synchronous fluted disc 301b is reduced, the deflection of the fan blade F under the inertial action is reduced, and the pitch error is increased.
When pitch control braking is carried out, the execution module 104 is only needed to control the one-way valve set 302b-3 to be kept closed, the volume of the buffer cavity 302b-1 is kept unchanged, and the piston block 302b-4 extrudes hydraulic oil under the pushing action of the limiting column 301b-2, but reversely pushes the piston block 302b-4 to return to the pressure balance position of the buffer cavity 302b-1 at the maximum stroke. Therefore, during the whole pitch variation process, the braking position can be defined in advance, and the accuracy of pitch variation is facilitated.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A yaw bradyseism safety system of aerogenerator which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the regulation and control system (100) comprises a control module (101), and a monitoring module (102), a feedback module (103) and an execution module (104) which are connected to the control module (101), wherein the monitoring module (102) is electrically connected with the feedback module (103);
a yaw buffer unit (200) comprising a fixed gear disc (201) positioned at the top of a tower (T), a yaw driving assembly (202) positioned at the lower end of a machine base (J) and matched with the fixed gear disc (201), and a buffer assembly (203) arranged at the lower end of the fixed gear disc (201);
driving tooth grooves (201 a) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the edge of the fixed gear disc (201), and a first rotary bearing (201 b) and a second rotary bearing (201 c) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the top and the bottom of the fixed gear disc;
the yaw driving assembly (202) comprises a supporting platform (202 a), a yaw motor (202 b) arranged at the edge of the supporting platform (202 a), a driving gear (202 c) arranged at the output end of the yaw motor (202 b), and a yaw brake (202 d) arranged on the supporting platform (202 a); the support platform (202 a) is placed on top of the fixed toothed disc (201) by means of the first slewing bearing (201 b), with its lower end extending below the fixed toothed disc (201), the drive gear (202 c) and yaw brake (202 d) each being able to fit within the drive gullet (201 a);
the shock absorption assembly (203) is arranged on the end surface of the supporting platform (202 a) extending below the fixed gear disc (201), and comprises a shock absorption oil cylinder (203 a), a shock absorption spring (203 b) sleeved outside the shock absorption oil cylinder (203 a), and cushion pads (203 c) positioned at the top and the bottom of the shock absorption oil cylinder (203 a); the damping oil cylinders (203 a) are provided with a plurality of groups and are circumferentially distributed between the end surface of the bottom of the supporting platform (202 a) and the second rotary bearing (201 c); two ends of the damping spring (203 b) are respectively abutted with the end surface of the bottom of the supporting platform (202 a) and the side wall of the lower end of the second rotary bearing (201 c); and the number of the first and second groups,
the variable-pitch synchronous unit (300) is arranged on a hub (G) at the end part of the base (J), and comprises a synchronous driving assembly (301) and a buffer assembly (302) arranged in the synchronous driving assembly (301);
the synchronous driving assembly (301) comprises a variable pitch support (301 a) and a synchronous fluted disc (301 b) matched on the variable pitch support (301 a);
one end of the variable pitch support (301 a) facing the hub (G) is provided with a matching groove (301 a-1) and a mounting groove (301 a-2), and the mounting groove (301 a-2) is located on the outer side of the matching groove (301 a-1); the side wall of the matching groove (301 a-1) is also provided with a limiting groove (301 a-3), and the limiting groove (301 a-3) is communicated with the matching groove (301 a-1) through a communicating groove (301 a-4); a synchronous tooth groove (301 b-1) is formed in the side wall of one axial end of the synchronous fluted disc (301 b), a limiting column (301 b-2) is arranged on the side wall of the other axial end of the synchronous fluted disc, a driving rod (301 b-3) is hinged to the limiting column (301 b-2) in a matched mode, and one end, far away from the limiting column (301 b-2), of the driving rod (301 b-3) is hinged to the matching groove (301 a-1);
the buffer component (302) comprises a buffer rod (302 a) arranged in the limiting groove (301 a-3) and a buffer piece (302 b) arranged in the side wall of the variable pitch support (301 a); the buffer rod (302 a) comprises a limiting sleeve (302 a-1) sleeved on the limiting column (301 b-2) and an arc-shaped rod (302 a-2) connected to the side wall of the limiting sleeve (302 a-1), and one end, far away from the limiting sleeve (302 a-1), of the arc-shaped rod (302 a-2) extends into the buffer piece (302 b); the buffer piece (302 b) comprises a buffer cavity (302 b-1) and a return cavity (302 b-2), and the buffer cavity (302 b-1) and the return cavity (302 b-2) are kept in one-way communication through a one-way valve group (302 b-3); a piston block (302 b-4) is arranged in the buffer cavity (302 b-1) in a sliding mode, and one end of the piston block (302 b-4) is connected with the piston block (302 b-4);
the execution module (104) is respectively and electrically connected with the yaw motor (202 b), the shock absorption oil cylinder (203 a), the driving rod (301 b-3) and the check valve bank (302 b-3).
2. A yaw bradyseism safety system for wind powered generators as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the monitoring module (102) comprises a pressure sensor (102 a), an angle sensor (102 b) and a rotational speed sensor (102 c); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pressure sensor (102 a) monitors a pressure signal to the tower (T) while the stand (J) is yawing; the angle sensor (102 b) monitors angle signals when the base (J) is in yaw and angle signals when each fan blade (F) is in variable pitch driving; the rotating speed sensor (102 c) acquires rotating speed signals of the fan blades (F) before and after pitch variation;
the pressure sensor (102 a), the angle sensor (102 b) and the rotational speed sensor (102 c) transmit electrical signals to the feedback module (103) via an analog-to-digital converter (102 d).
3. A yaw bradyseism safety system for a wind turbine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the regulation and control system (100) further comprises a communication module (105) and a server (106) electrically connected with the communication module (105);
the communication module (105) is connected with the control module (101), and the control module (101) sends the monitoring data information obtained by processing and the corresponding output execution data information to the server (106) through the communication module (105).
CN202111094379.3A 2021-09-17 2021-09-17 Yaw cushioning safety system of wind driven generator Active CN113969863B (en)

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CN104763587A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-08 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司 Novel wind turbine linked pitch alteration system
EP3133282A1 (en) * 2015-08-19 2017-02-22 Senvion GmbH Method and system for monitoring an individual blade adjustment of a wind power system
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