CN113969831A

CN113969831A - Magnetic suspension type small impact engine

Info

Publication number: CN113969831A
Application number: CN202111302585.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾鹏
Original assignee: Shanghai Kelaipu Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Kelaipu Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-04
Filing date: 2021-11-04
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-04
Also published as: CN113969831B

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of engines, and provides a magnetic suspension type small-impact engine which comprises a cylinder, wherein a cylinder coil and an inner sleeve are arranged in the cylinder, a piston and a guide rod which are connected into a whole and are coaxial are arranged in the inner sleeve, and the piston moves up and down in the inner sleeve along with the guide rod. The inside of piston is equipped with piston coil and electro-magnet, and the outside is equipped with first clearance sensor. The guide rod is provided with a magnetic suspension bearing and a second gap sensor. The first gap sensor is used for monitoring a first offset of the piston relative to a central shaft of the inner sleeve, and the electromagnet dynamically adjusts the inclination of the piston according to the first offset. The magnetic suspension type small-impact engine provided by the embodiment of the application is characterized in that the piston coil is arranged in the piston, namely the linear motor is arranged in a built-in and piston type internal combustion engine, so that the volume of power generation equipment is obviously reduced. In addition, the magnetic suspension type small-impact engine provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the magnetic suspension bearing, and compared with a common bearing, the magnetic suspension type small-impact engine can obviously reduce friction and is favorable for improving the power generation efficiency.

Description

Magnetic suspension type small impact engine

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine.

Background

The common power generation equipment is generally characterized in that a linear motor and a piston type internal combustion engine are simply connected into integrated equipment through a straight rod, the size is relatively large, and the application scene is limited. In addition, the friction between the bearing and the piston guide rod in the common piston type internal combustion engine is large, so that the power generation efficiency is reduced to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a magnetic suspension type small impact engine, so as to solve the problems of a large volume and low power generation efficiency of the current power generation equipment.

The embodiment of the application provides a little towards engine of magnetic suspension type, includes: the air cylinder is internally provided with an air cylinder coil and an inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the air cylinder coil. And both ends of the inner sleeve are provided with cylinder covers. And the cylinder cover is provided with an ignition combustion chamber and an exhaust hole. A plurality of transmitting devices including but not limited to laser generators and a plurality of receiving devices including but not limited to laser receivers are respectively arranged on the two cylinder covers. The laser generator and the laser receiver are arranged in pairs. And a piston and a guide rod which are connected into a whole and are coaxial are arranged in the inner sleeve. The piston moves up and down in the inner sleeve along with the guide rod. Two ends of the guide rod extend out of the inner sleeve and the cylinder. And a piston coil and an electromagnet are arranged in the piston. The piston coil is connected with an electric power output line, and the electric power output line extends out of the cylinder along an inner hole of the guide rod. And the power output line extends out of the cylinder and then is connected with the storage battery through a power output cable and a rectification conversion device. The storage battery is connected with the cylinder coil through a stator power supply cable. The charging and discharging process of the storage battery is controlled by the ECU. And the ECU controls the free conversion of the working mode of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine. And a first gap sensor is arranged on the outer side of the piston and used for monitoring a first offset of the piston relative to the central shaft of the inner sleeve. The electromagnet adjusts the piston according to the first offset. And a support sleeve, a magnetic suspension bearing and a second gap sensor are arranged at the part of the guide rod extending out of the inner sleeve and the cylinder. The second gap sensor is used for monitoring a second offset of the guide rod relative to the central shaft of the support sleeve. And the magnetic suspension bearing adjusts the guide rod according to the second offset. The supporting sleeve, the magnetic suspension bearing and the inner sleeve are coaxial.

Specifically, an auxiliary bearing is further arranged on the part of the guide rod extending out of the inner sleeve and the cylinder.

Specifically, the outer side of the inner sleeve is provided with a heat insulation interlayer.

Specifically, a plurality of bearing coils are arranged in the magnetic suspension bearing.

Specifically, the magnetic suspension bearing adjusts the current of the corresponding bearing coil according to the second offset.

Specifically, the first gap sensor and the electromagnet are respectively connected with a signal control line, and the signal control line extends out of the cylinder along an inner hole of the guide rod.

Specifically, the cylinder cover is further provided with a buffer cushion, and the buffer cushion is a gas buffer cushion or a magnetic suspension buffer cushion.

Specifically, two ends of the guide rod are provided with buffer devices, and each buffer device comprises a buffer magnetic pad and a spring. The exhaust holes of the cylinder cover are respectively connected with the exhaust nozzle through an exhaust gas discharge pipe. And water vapor generated by combustion in the cylinder is discharged from the tail gas nozzle.

Specifically, the ignition combustion chamber comprises a spark plug, a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle. The heat insulation interlayer is a vacuum heat insulation interlayer.

Specifically, the inner sleeve is a tungsten inner sleeve, and a tungsten lining is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder cover. Or the inner sleeve is a super steel inner sleeve, and the inner side of the cylinder cover is provided with a super steel lining and is provided with a water cooling device or a gas cooling device.

Specifically, the cylinder coil is made of a superconducting material.

The magnetic suspension type small-impact engine provided by the embodiment of the application is characterized in that the piston coil is arranged in the piston, namely the linear motor is arranged in a built-in and piston type internal combustion engine, so that the volume of power generation equipment is obviously reduced. In addition, the magnetic suspension type small-impact engine provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the magnetic suspension bearing, and compared with a common bearing, the magnetic suspension type small-impact engine can obviously reduce friction and is favorable for improving the power generation efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction D-D in FIG. 1

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine provided by the embodiment of the application;

the device comprises a cylinder 1, a cylinder 2, a cylinder coil 3, an inner sleeve 4, an ignition combustion chamber 5, a buffer pad 6, an exhaust hole 7, a piston 8, a guide rod 10, a piston coil 11, a magnetic suspension bearing 12', a first gap sensor 12, a second gap sensor 13, an electric power output line 14, an auxiliary bearing 15, a heat insulation interlayer 17, a signal control line 18, a bearing coil 19, an electromagnet 20, a support sleeve 20, a cylinder cover 21, a spark plug 22, a liquid hydrogen nozzle 23, a liquid oxygen nozzle 24, a laser generator 25, a laser receiver 26, a buffer magnetic pad 27, a spring 28, a base 29, a protective cover 30, a power output cable 31+, a rectifier 32, a storage battery 33, a stator power supply cable 34, a tail gas discharge pipe 35 and a nozzle tail gas discharge pipe 36.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

In order to explain the technical solution described in the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.

Example 1

Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a magnetic suspension type small impact engine, which is provided with a cylinder 1 as shown in fig. 1. The cylinder 1 is arranged on the base 29, and the two ends of the cylinder 1 are provided with protective covers 30. A cylinder coil 2 and an inner sleeve 3 are arranged in the cylinder 1, and the inner sleeve 3 is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder coil 2. The inner sleeve 3 may be made of tungsten-inner-sleeve live tungsten alloy, and the outer side of the inner sleeve 3 is provided with a heat-insulating interlayer 15. Specifically, a vacuum heat insulating interlayer may be selected as the heat insulating interlayer 15. Both ends of the inner sleeve 3 are provided with cylinder heads 21, and a tungsten lining or a tungsten alloy lining is provided on the inner side of the cylinder heads 21. Or the inner sleeve 3 is a super steel inner sleeve, and the inner side of the cylinder cover 21 is provided with a tungsten lining, a tungsten alloy lining or a super steel lining. When the super steel lining is selected, a water cooling device or a gas cooling device is arranged. The super steel is steel with the strength reaching 2000 MPa.

The two cylinder heads 21 have the same structure, and the cylinder heads 21 are provided with ignition combustion chambers 4, cushion pads 5, and exhaust ports 6. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a specific example of the cylinder head 21 at the bottom of the inner sleeve 3. In the cylinder head 21 shown in fig. 2, 3 ignition combustion chambers, 3 cushion pads, and 3 exhaust ports are provided in a uniform arrangement. In one embodiment, the ignition combustion chamber 4 is provided with a spark plug 22, a liquid hydrogen nozzle 23 and a liquid oxygen nozzle 24, and a gas cushion or a magnetic suspension cushion can be selected as the cushion 5 in fig. 1 and 2.

A plurality of laser generators 25 and a plurality of laser receivers 26 are provided on the two cylinder heads 21, respectively, and the laser generators 25 and the laser receivers 26 are provided in pairs. In the engine of fig. 1, a laser generator 25 is provided on a cylinder head located at an upper portion of an inner sleeve, and a laser receiver 26 is provided on a cylinder head located at a lower portion of the inner sleeve. Specifically, 4 pairs of laser generators 25 and laser receivers 26 may be uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the inclination of the piston 7 may be monitored from 4 directions.

The inner sleeve 3 is internally provided with a piston 7 and a guide rod 8 which are connected into a whole and are coaxial, and the piston 7 moves up and down in the inner sleeve 3 along with the guide rod 8. Two ends of the guide rod 8 extend out of the inner sleeve 3 and the cylinder 1.

The piston 7 is provided with a piston coil 10 and an electromagnet 19 inside. The piston coil 10 is connected to an electrical output wire 13, which electrical output wire 13 extends out of the cylinder 1 along the inner bore of the guide rod 8. The power output line 13 extends out of the cylinder 1, passes through a power output cable 31, and is connected to a battery 33 via a rectifier/inverter 32. The accumulator 33 is connected to the cylinder coil 2 via a stator feed cable 34. Part of the electrical energy in the accumulator 33 can be used to supply the cylinder coil 2. The charge and discharge process of the battery 33 is controlled by the ECU. The operation of the engine is controlled by the ECU.

The outside of the piston 7 is provided with a first gap sensor 12 ', the first gap sensor 12' being used to monitor a first offset of the piston 7 with respect to the central axis of the inner sleeve 3. The electromagnet 19 adjusts the piston 7 according to the first offset. In practical applications, 4 electromagnets 19 may be arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction, so that the inclination of the piston 7 can be regulated from 4 directions. In addition to the first offset, the electromagnet 19 dynamically adjusts the inclination of the piston 7 in response to the laser monitoring signals from the laser generator 25 and the laser receiver 26. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of one specific example of a cylinder and piston.

At the portion of the guide rod 8 extending out of the inner sleeve 3 and the cylinder 1, a support sleeve 20, a magnetic suspension bearing 11, a second gap sensor 12 and an auxiliary bearing 14 are provided. The supporting sleeve 20, the magnetic suspension bearing 11 and the inner sleeve 3 are coaxial. The second gap sensor 12 is used to monitor a second offset of the guide rod 8 relative to the central axis of the support sleeve 20. The magnetic bearing 11 adjusts the guide rod 8 according to the second offset. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of bearing coils 18 are disposed in the magnetic suspension bearing 11, and the magnetic suspension bearing 11 adjusts the current of the corresponding bearing coil 18 according to the second offset, so as to adjust and control the magnetic force of each bearing coil 18 acting on the guide rod 8, thereby dynamically adjusting the inclination of the guide rod 8. The first gap sensor 12' and the electromagnet 19 are both connected to a signal control line 17, which signal control line 17 extends out of the cylinder 1 along the inner bore of the guide rod 8.

In the maglev small stroke engine shown in fig. 1, the inclination of the piston is directly monitored using the first clearance sensor 12', the laser generator 25 and the laser receiver 26. In addition, the inclination of the guide rod is regulated and controlled through a second gap sensor and a magnetic suspension bearing. Because the inner sleeve of the cylinder is coaxial with the support sleeve 20, and the piston of the cylinder and the guide rod move coaxially, the inclination of the piston in the inner sleeve can be indirectly regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the second offset of the guide rod relative to the magnetic suspension bearing, and the inclined piston can be timely centered. Because the little towards engine of magnetic suspension formula that this application embodiment provided can in time right the piston that inclines, consequently, compare in ordinary engine, can keep minimum clearance and not take place the friction all the time in the little towards engine of magnetic suspension formula that this application embodiment provided, avoided frictional loss, reduce the magnetic flux loss, reach zero moreover and reveal to improve engine generating efficiency.

In one embodiment, the diameter of the piston is 58mm, the stroke of the piston is 68mm, the rotating speed of the single-cylinder single-stroke small-stroke engine is 15000rpm (15000 r/min refers to 15000 cycles up and down of the piston), the coil of the cylinder is stably electrified under a superconducting condition (the temperature is 4K formed by liquid helium), high magnetic force of 20 Tesla is generated, and magnetic lines of force are vertical to the axial direction of the cylinder. The cylinder coil is made of superconducting material. The piston moves up and down, the coil in the piston cuts magnetic lines of force to generate electricity efficiently, and the generated energy is 200 KW. The pressure of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen is 1500MPa when in combustion, the temperature is 2000 ℃, the pressure after expansion power generation is 0.1MPa, the temperature is 100 ℃, and the expansion ratio is 1.5 ten thousand.

For the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine shown in fig. 1, the working process is as follows:

the starting process of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine is described by taking the piston reaching the top dead center (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm) as an example. When the piston reaches a top dead center, the upper part of the cylinder firstly carries out a combustion working stroke, and at the moment, a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle on the upper part of the cylinder are opened to spray liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen; then the spark plug starts to ignite, liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen burns to generate water vapor at 1500MPa and 2000 ℃, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand and do work, meanwhile, an exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust (the steps of starting ignition and normal operation are similar).

And (3) normal operation of the cylinder:

the method comprises the following steps: when the piston reaches a top dead center (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the upper part of the cylinder carries out combustion working stroke, at the moment, a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle on the upper part of the cylinder are opened, and liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen with the pressure of 30MPa are sprayed; at the moment, the internal temperature of the upper part of the cylinder is 870 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate water vapor at 1500MPa and 2000 ℃, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand and do work, and meanwhile, an exhaust valve of the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust.

Step two: the piston moves downwards to a position 5mm away from the bottom dead center, an exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress the residual water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder under the action of inertia.

Step three: when the piston continues to run to the lower dead point of the cylinder (at the moment, the distance between the lower top surface of the piston and the lower plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder expands to 0.1MPa and 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder is compressed to 15MPa and 870 ℃; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke.

Step four: opening a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle at the lower part of the cylinder, and spraying liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen with the pressure of 30 MPa; at the moment, the internal temperature of the lower part of the cylinder is 870 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate water vapor at 1500MPa and 2000 ℃, the piston is pushed to move upwards to expand and do work, meanwhile, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is opened, and the upper part of the cylinder separately starts to exhaust.

Step five: the piston moves upwards to a position 5mm away from the top dead center, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress the residual water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder under the action of inertia.

Step six: when the piston continues to run to the top dead center of the cylinder (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder expands to 0.1MPa and 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder is compressed to 15MPa and 870 ℃; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke. And at the moment, the cylinder repeats the step one work, and the operation is repeated in a reciprocating cycle.

The hydrogen and oxygen required by the engine come from an 'Anhydrogen system + Kohler system' or other systems. The water vapor discharged by the engine enters an 'Anhydrogen system + Kohleps system' for reuse. The technical scheme of the Ann hydrogen system and the Kohlepu system can be found in the Chinese patent application of the device for absorbing and releasing hydrogen at ultralow temperature by using metal hydrogen storage materials (application number 2020101648407).

The piston is provided with a piston coil for generating electricity, when the piston moves linearly, the piston cuts a magnetic field (20 Tesla) generated by the cylinder coil arranged on the cylinder wall to generate current, and the current is output outwards through a power output line. The magnetic field of the cylinder coil is allowed to change at different time and different positions so as to meet the process requirements. When the piston moves to be close to one end (top dead center or bottom dead center) of the cylinder, the magnetic field of the cylinder coil is allowed to be enhanced.

The cylinder coil arranged on the cylinder wall is in a liquid helium low-temperature environment (the temperature is 4K), and the cylinder coil is made of a superconductor, so that the resistance heat consumption of the cylinder coil can be reduced to the minimum. The cylinder coil generates a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder coil. The magnetic field intensity of the cylinder coil can be adjusted and changed, the magnetic field intensity of the cylinder coil is smaller when the piston is allowed to start moving, and when the piston moves to be close to the other end (top dead center or bottom dead center) of the cylinder, the magnetic field intensity is allowed to be increased, so that the piston is ensured not to collide with the cylinder, the effects of an auxiliary air cushion and a magnetic cushion are achieved, and the cylinder is further protected from being collided by the piston.

Four first gap sensors and four electromagnets are uniformly distributed on the piston along the periphery, and the electromagnets attract magnetic force generated by the cylinder coil. The gap between the outer wall of the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder is measured and detected through the first gap sensor, after the position of the piston deviating from the center is found, the size of electromagnetic attraction can be controlled by adjusting the current of the coil in the piston electromagnet, the piston is driven to return to the center, the deviation is corrected, and the magnetic suspension bearing is played. In addition, the laser generator and the receiver are arranged on the two cylinder covers, the offset of the piston is detected, and the detection precision and the control precision are further improved.

The supporting sleeve is also provided with a magnetic suspension bearing, and the gap control principle similar to that of an electromagnet on a piston is adopted. The supporting sleeve is also provided with an auxiliary bearing, and the clearance between the inner ring of the auxiliary bearing and the outer circle of the guide rod is controlled to be 1/2-1/3 which is not larger than the clearance between the piston and the cylinder wall. When the magnetic suspension bearing has large deviation, the auxiliary bearing plays a supporting role to protect the magnetic suspension bearing. The clearance between the piston and the cylinder wall is controlled within 0.001mm, and the control precision of the magnetic suspension bearing is controlled within 0.001 mm. Because the clearance between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder, the guide rod and the support sleeve is controlled to be small enough, leakage hardly occurs. The piston and the guide rod of the piston are controlled by magnetic suspension, the control precision and accuracy of the magnetic suspension ensure that the piston and the cylinder as well as the guide rod and the support sleeve of the piston are not contacted and not collided, the contact and collision are events with small probability, and a lubricant can be adopted or not adopted or is rarely adopted, and meanwhile, a mechanical bearing (namely an auxiliary bearing) is used for protection. The greater the rotation speed, the less gas leaks from the clearance between the piston and the cylinder.

Example 2

The temperature is very high in the cylinder, directly sets up the blotter on upper and lower cylinder cap and probably influences the buffering effect, can not carry out lasting effective protection to the piston. For this purpose, the cushion pad 5 provided on the cylinder head in fig. 1 and 2 may be eliminated, and a cushion device provided outside the cylinder may be used instead of the cushion pad 5. Fig. 6 shows a magnetic suspension type small impact engine provided in embodiment 2 of the present application, which is basically the same in composition and structure as the magnetic suspension type small impact engine shown in fig. 1, except that a buffer device is provided outside the cylinder, specifically, at both ends of a guide rod 8. The buffer means comprises a buffer magnetic pad 27 and a spring 28. In addition, in the engine of fig. 6, exhaust ports of upper and lower cylinder heads are connected to an exhaust nozzle 36 via an exhaust pipe 35. 1MPa of water vapor at 180 ℃ can be sprayed out of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine through the tail gas nozzle 36, and the sprayed water vapor can be used as thrust to provide power. Embodiment 2 provides a little towards engine of magnetic suspension type can spout a certain amount of steam, can produce a certain amount of thrust. The rotation speed of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine shown in FIG. 6 is 150000rpm, and the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine has the advantages of high Korlapp coefficient and the like. The performance of the engine was evaluated using the kohlepu coefficient, which is the quotient of the engine power divided by the product of the effective volume and the effective weight of the engine. The magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine shown in FIG. 6 has the power generation capacity of 1268KW and the coelom coefficient of about 14030 KW/(kg.m)³). The coelom coefficient of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine shown in figure 1 is about 2220 kw/(kg.m)³）。

The engine with the exhaust nozzle shown in fig. 6 can be mounted on an aircraft such as an airplane. The injected fuel quantity, pressure, rotating speed and the like can be uniformly and steplessly adjusted. The cylinder capacity in embodiment 2 is variable, and the cylinder capacity of the engine is correspondingly adjusted according to the power demand of the aircraft. The magnetic field intensity generated by a stator coil (namely the cylinder coil) in the cylinder wall can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the input exciting current, so that the proportion of the generated energy of the engine and the thrust of the tail gas nozzle is regulated and controlled. When the aircraft flies at low speed and low altitude, the engine works normally, the stator magnet exciting coil (namely the cylinder coil) is electrified with normal current to generate a normal magnetic field (20 Tesla), the engine mainly generates electricity to drive the aircraft to fly by utilizing the electricity, and the pressure and the temperature of exhausted water vapor are low. When high-speed flight or emergency flight is required, the exciting current of a stator coil (namely an air cylinder coil) is reduced or cut off, the magnetic field intensity is reduced or the magnetic field is cancelled, and the power generation is reduced or stopped, so that the engine is mainly used for jet propulsion. At the moment, the thrust generated by the steam sprayed out from the tail gas nozzle reaches the maximum. The change and the adjustment can be switched and comprehensively controlled through the ECU at any time, so that the whole aircraft propulsion system operates efficiently, and the comprehensive efficiency is high. The engine is used on an airplane, and can eliminate or reduce the effect of the airplane wing.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetic suspension type small-impact engine comprises a cylinder (1), and is characterized in that a cylinder coil (2) and an inner sleeve (3) are arranged in the cylinder (1), and the inner sleeve (3) is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder coil (2); both ends of the inner sleeve (3) are provided with cylinder covers (21); the cylinder cover (21) is provided with an ignition combustion chamber (4) and an exhaust hole (6); a plurality of transmitting devices including but not limited to laser generators (25) and a plurality of receiving devices including but not limited to laser receivers (26) are respectively arranged on the two cylinder heads (21); the laser generator (25) and the laser receiver (26) are arranged in pairs;

a piston (7) and a guide rod (8) which are connected into a whole and are coaxial are arranged in the inner sleeve (3); the piston (7) moves up and down in the inner sleeve (3) along with the guide rod (8); two ends of the guide rod (8) extend out of the inner sleeve (3) and the cylinder (1); a piston coil (10) and an electromagnet (19) are arranged in the piston (7); the piston coil (10) is connected with an electric power output line (13), and the electric power output line (13) extends out of the cylinder (1) along an inner hole of the guide rod (8); the power output line (13) extends out of the cylinder (1) and then passes through a power output cable (31) and is connected with a storage battery (33) through a rectification conversion device (32); the storage battery (33) is connected with the cylinder coil (2) through a stator power supply cable (34); the charging and discharging process of the storage battery (33) is controlled by the ECU; the ECU controls the free conversion of the working mode of the magnetic suspension type small-stroke engine;

a first clearance sensor (12 ') is arranged on the outer side of the piston (7), and the first clearance sensor (12') is used for monitoring a first offset of the piston (7) relative to the central shaft of the inner sleeve (3); the electromagnet (19) adjusts the piston (7) according to the first offset;

a support sleeve (20), a magnetic suspension bearing (11) and a second gap sensor (12) are arranged on the part of the guide rod (8) extending out of the inner sleeve (3) and the cylinder (1); the second gap sensor (12) is used for monitoring a second offset of the guide rod (8) relative to the central shaft of the support sleeve (20); the magnetic suspension bearing (11) adjusts the guide rod (8) according to the second offset; the supporting sleeve (20), the magnetic suspension bearing (11) and the inner sleeve (3) are coaxial.

2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that an auxiliary bearing (14) is provided at the portion of the guide rod (8) extending out of the inner sleeve (3) and the cylinder (1).

3. -a maglev small-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer side of the inner sleeve (3) is provided with a heat-insulating interlayer (15).

4. -a maglev small-impulse engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of bearing coils (18) are arranged in the magnetic suspension bearing (11).

5. The maglev small-impulse engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the magnetic bearings (11) adjust the current of the corresponding bearing coil (18) according to the second offset.

6. The maglev small-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first gap sensor (12') and the electromagnet (19) are connected to a signal control line (17), respectively, the signal control line (17) extending out of the cylinder (1) along the inner bore of the guide rod (8).

7. The engine of claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder head (21) is further provided with a cushion pad (5), and the cushion pad (5) is a gas cushion pad or a magnetic suspension cushion pad.

8. The engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the guide rod (8) is provided with damping means at both ends, said damping means comprising a damping magnetic pad (27) and a spring (28); the exhaust holes (6) of the cylinder cover are respectively connected with an exhaust nozzle (36) through an exhaust pipe (35); and water vapor generated by in-cylinder combustion is discharged from the tail gas nozzle (36).

9. A maglev small stroke engine according to claim 1 wherein the ignition combustion chamber (4) comprises a spark plug (22), a liquid hydrogen nozzle (23) and a liquid oxygen nozzle (24); the heat insulation interlayer (15) is a vacuum heat insulation interlayer.

10. -a maglev small stroke engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner sleeve (3) is a tungsten inner sleeve, the inside of the cylinder head (21) being provided with a tungsten lining;

or the inner sleeve (3) is a super steel inner sleeve, and a super steel lining is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder cover (21) and is provided with a water cooling device or a gas cooling device.

11. -a suspended magnet small-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the cylinder coil (2) is made of superconducting material.