CN113968746A - Preparation method of toughened alumina ceramic blank - Google Patents
Preparation method of toughened alumina ceramic blank Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a toughened alumina ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a toughening material; s2, preparing a ceramic material; s3, performing compression molding and mixing operation; s4, performing sectional drying treatment; s5, sintering, namely, placing the continuous fiber preform blank on the molten metal, and allowing the molten metal to permeate into the preform under the action of capillary tubes and be in air or oxidizing atmosphere to form a compact continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite containing a small amount of residual metal; inject into the inside nanometer cellulose and adopt outside press forming device to carry out the suppression processing work to fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composite to length and suppression weight carry out effectively the accuse when pressing, and the rethread raw materials mixing work deposits screening work again and draws and obtain nanometer cellulose, through adding nanometer cellulose in the shaping blank, thereby promote the whole toughness of blank, reach stronger toughness effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method, in particular to a preparation method of a toughened alumina ceramic blank, belonging to the technical field of alumina ceramic blank application.
Background
The alumina ceramic is a ceramic material taking alumina as a main body and used for a thick film integrated circuit, has better conductivity, mechanical strength and high temperature resistance, needs to be washed by ultrasonic waves, is widely used due to the superior performance, has been more and more widely applied in the modern society, and meets the requirements of daily use and special performance.
Patent publication No. CN105967663A relates to a preparation method of zirconia toughened alumina ceramic for a dental bracket, belonging to the technical field of ceramic materials. The invention provides a preparation method of zirconia toughened alumina ceramic for a dental bracket, aiming at the problems of low strength, high brittleness and easy fracture of the ceramic bracket. According to the invention, alumina particles are filled in gaps of a network structure by utilizing the gelling property of alumina monohydrate, so that the packing density is improved, the green strength is increased, meanwhile, zirconia particles stabilized by yttria are added, a double electric layer formed by alumina monohydrate gel is utilized, zirconia is uniformly mixed in the alumina particles, a network support is filled, the alumina particles are tightly attached after being dried, the toughening mechanism of the zirconia is fully exerted, and the zirconia toughened alumina ceramic material is prepared.
In the existing preparation process of the alumina ceramic blank, because the specified toughening agent is not added in the alumina ceramic blank, the whole alumina ceramic blank is too crisp and easy to break when the alumina ceramic blank is used, so that great loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a toughened alumina ceramic blank, which solves the problem that the whole alumina ceramic blank is too crisp and easy to break when the alumina ceramic blank is used because a specified toughening agent is not added in the alumina ceramic blank, thereby causing great loss.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a toughened alumina ceramic blank comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a toughening material: preparing a metering cylinder, and respectively injecting concentrated sulfuric acid and microcrystalline cellulose into the metering cylinder for mixing to finish the preparation treatment work of the nanocellulose;
s2, preparation of a ceramic material: placing the continuous fiber preform on the molten metal, permeating the molten metal into the preform due to capillary action, reacting the molten metal impregnated into the fiber preform with a gas-phase oxidant to form an oxide matrix due to the fact that the molten metal contains a small amount of additives and is in air or oxidizing atmosphere, and depositing the generated oxide around the fiber to form a compact continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite containing a small amount of residual metal;
s3, compression molding and mixing: injecting nano-cellulose into the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, performing pressing treatment by using an external pressing forming device, and effectively controlling the pressing time and the pressing weight;
s4, segmented drying treatment: drying the green bodies formed by pressing, cutting and segmenting the dried green bodies, and drying a plurality of groups of green bodies which are segmented in batches;
s5, sintering treatment: and (3) placing the blank after the sectional drying into a sintering furnace, effectively controlling the sintering temperature in the sintering furnace, and sintering for a certain time to prepare the toughened alumina ceramic blank.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nanocellulose in the step S1 includes the following steps:
step one, mixing raw materials: preparing a measuring cup, adding 500ml of microcrystalline cellulose with the volume of 450-;
step two, precipitation screening work: and sequentially screening the precipitates generated after stirring in batches, wherein each 50ml of the precipitates is measured, screening the precipitates in the same proportion, and extracting the nano cellulose.
Preferably, the centrifugal speed in the external centrifugal device in the step one is controlled at 300-400r/min, the heating temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, and the proportion of the added water is 5 times of that of the concentrated sulfuric acid liquid.
Preferably, the gas phase oxidant in step S2 is an oxygen strong oxidant, the pressing time in step S3 is controlled to be 2-5min, and the pressing weight is set to be 5-10N.
Preferably, when the green body is dried in the step S4, the drying temperature is set to be 50-80 ℃, and the drying time is set to be 8-12 h.
Preferably, the sintering temperature in the step S5 is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃, and the sintering time duration is controlled at 5-7 min.
Preferably, the use method of the sintering furnace in the step S5 includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the whole reinforcing panel 5 and the built-in movable plate 7 are moved outwards by pinching the pinching handle 6, the ceramic piece to be processed is prevented from being placed at the upper end of the built-in movable plate 7, the ceramic piece is sent into the processing groove 4, and the reinforcing panel 5 is closed;
step two: controlling the control box 3, regulating and controlling the temperature inside the processing tank 4, processing for 5-7min, and controlling the reinforcing panel 5 to take out the built-in movable plate 7;
step three: turning on a motor switch of the heat insulation motor 74 to drive the rotating gear disc 75 to rotate, wherein the rotating gear disc 75 is in meshed connection with the lower rod 76 through the meshing latch 77 to drive the whole built-in sliding plate 72 to move outwards to take out the whole machined part;
step four: and after the processed ceramic part is taken out, cooling for a period of time, and then taking the ceramic machined part to finish the sintering work of the ceramic machined part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. placing the continuous fiber preform on the molten metal, permeating the molten metal into the preform due to capillary action, reacting the molten metal impregnated into the fiber preform with a gas-phase oxidant to form an oxide matrix due to the fact that the molten metal contains a small amount of additives and is in air or oxidizing atmosphere, and depositing the generated oxide around the fiber to form a compact continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite containing a small amount of residual metal; inject into the inside nanometer cellulose and adopt outside press forming device to carry out the suppression processing work to fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composite to length and suppression weight carry out effectively the accuse when pressing, and the rethread raw materials mixing work deposits screening work again and draws and obtain nanometer cellulose, through adding nanometer cellulose in the shaping blank, thereby promote the whole toughness of blank, reach stronger toughness effect.
2. Through the circuit switch who opens thermal-insulated motor, thermal-insulated motor just drives and rotates the toothed disc, rotate the toothed disc and put the meshing between the pole under and be connected, so rotate the toothed disc and rotate the in-process, drive whole built-in slide and remove to the outside, built-in slide is at the removal in-process, just can accomplish the transport work to ceramic member, export ceramic member to the outside, the work is picked up to ceramic member to the outsider of being convenient for to the processing work in ceramic member later stage.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an overall manufacturing process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the internal structure of the sintering furnace according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the built-in movable plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a processing box; 3. a control box; 4. processing a tank; 5. reinforcing the panel; 6. holding and pinching the handle; 7. a movable plate is arranged inside; 71. an edge side chute; 72. a sliding plate is arranged inside; 73. a side slider; 74. a heat-insulated motor; 75. rotating the gear plate; 76. a lower rod is arranged; 77. engaging the latch.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides three embodiments
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank includes the following steps:
s1, preparing a toughening material: preparing a metering cylinder, and respectively injecting concentrated sulfuric acid and microcrystalline cellulose into the metering cylinder for mixing to finish the preparation treatment work of the nanocellulose;
s2, preparation of a ceramic material: placing the continuous fiber preform on the molten metal, permeating the molten metal into the preform due to capillary action, reacting the molten metal impregnated into the fiber preform with a gas-phase oxidant to form an oxide matrix due to the fact that the molten metal contains a small amount of additives and is in air or oxidizing atmosphere, and depositing the generated oxide around the fiber to form a compact continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite containing a small amount of residual metal;
s3, compression molding and mixing: injecting nano-cellulose into the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, performing pressing treatment by using an external pressing forming device, and effectively controlling the pressing time and the pressing weight;
s4, segmented drying treatment: drying the green bodies formed by pressing, cutting and segmenting the dried green bodies, and drying a plurality of groups of green bodies which are segmented in batches;
s5, sintering treatment: and (3) placing the blank after the sectional drying into a sintering furnace, effectively controlling the sintering temperature in the sintering furnace, and sintering for a certain time to prepare the toughened alumina ceramic blank.
Further, the preparation method of the nanocellulose in the step S1 includes the following steps:
step one, mixing raw materials: preparing a measuring cup, putting 450ml of microcrystalline cellulose into a measuring cylinder, taking out 250ml of 50% concentrated sulfuric acid, putting the 50% concentrated sulfuric acid into the measuring cylinder, heating the whole measuring cylinder by adopting an external heating device, controlling the heating time within 35min, directly adding a proper amount of water into the measuring cylinder after heating and color changing, and stirring and precipitating by adopting an external centrifugal device;
step two, precipitation screening work: and sequentially screening the precipitates generated after stirring in batches, wherein each 50ml of the precipitates is measured, screening the precipitates in the same proportion, and extracting the nano cellulose.
Step one, the centrifugal speed in an external centrifugal device is controlled at 300r/min, the heating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and the proportion of added water is 5 times of that of concentrated sulfuric acid liquid.
In step S2, the gas-phase oxidant is an oxygen-enriched oxidant, the pressing time in step S3 is controlled to be 2min, and the pressing weight is set to be 5N.
When the green body is dried in step S4, the temperature for drying is set at 50 ℃, and the time period for drying is set at 8 h.
In step S5, the sintering temperature is controlled at 1400 ℃, and the sintering time is controlled at 5 min.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank includes the following steps:
the specific steps of the process refer to example 1.
Further, the preparation method of the nanocellulose in the step S1 includes the following steps:
step one, mixing raw materials: preparing a measuring cup, putting 470ml of microcrystalline cellulose into a measuring cylinder, taking 270ml of 55% concentrated sulfuric acid out, putting the concentrated sulfuric acid into the measuring cylinder, heating the whole measuring cylinder by adopting an external heating device, controlling the heating time within 40min, directly adding a proper amount of water into the measuring cylinder after heating and color change, and stirring and precipitating by adopting an external centrifugal device;
step two, precipitation screening work: and sequentially screening the precipitates generated after stirring in batches, wherein each 50ml of the precipitates is measured, screening the precipitates in the same proportion, and extracting the nano cellulose.
Step one, the centrifugal speed in an external centrifugal device is controlled at 350r/min, the heating temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, and the proportion of added water is 5 times of that of concentrated sulfuric acid liquid.
In step S2, the gas-phase oxidant is an oxygen-enriched oxidant, the pressing time in step S3 is controlled to be 3min, and the pressing weight is set to be 7N.
When the green body is dried in step S4, the temperature for drying is set at 70 ℃, and the time period for drying is set at 10 h.
In step S5, the sintering temperature is controlled at 1500 ℃, and the sintering time is controlled at 6min.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank includes the following steps:
the specific steps of the process refer to example 1.
Further, the preparation method of the nanocellulose in the step S1 includes the following steps:
step one, mixing raw materials: preparing a measuring cup, putting 500ml of microcrystalline cellulose into a measuring cylinder, taking out 60% concentrated sulfuric acid and putting 300ml into the measuring cylinder, heating the whole measuring cylinder by adopting an external heating device, controlling the heating time within 45min, directly adding a proper amount of water into the measuring cylinder after heating and color changing, and stirring and precipitating by adopting an external centrifugal device;
step two, precipitation screening work: and sequentially screening the precipitates generated after stirring in batches, wherein each 50ml of the precipitates is measured, screening the precipitates in the same proportion, and extracting the nano cellulose.
Step one, the centrifugal speed in an external centrifugal device is controlled at 400r/min, the heating temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, and the proportion of added water is 5 times of that of concentrated sulfuric acid liquid.
In step S2, the gas-phase oxidant is an oxygen-enriched oxidant, the pressing time in step S3 is controlled to be 5min, and the pressing weight is set to be 10N.
When the green body is dried in step S4, the temperature for drying is set at 80 ℃, and the time period for drying is set at 12 h.
In step S5, the sintering temperature is controlled at 1600 ℃, and the sintering time is controlled at 7 min.
Experiment of
According to the alumina ceramic blanks prepared by the three embodiments and the alumina ceramic blanks existing in the prior art, a certain manufacturer detects the toughness strength and makes the following tests:
correspondingly, three kinds of alumina ceramic blanks prepared by the three embodiments and one kind of alumina ceramic blank appearing in the market are taken, four kinds of alumina ceramic blanks are placed on an operation platform and are marked, and then the toughness strength inside the alumina ceramic blank is detected by an external toughness detector, wherein the detection data are shown as the following table:
comparison display table for toughness and strength of alumina ceramic blank
| Compound medicinal liquid | Existing | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Percent J/cm2 | 52 | 63 | 72 | 58 |
As can be seen from the data shown in the above table, the alumina ceramic blanks obtained by purification in the above three examples are superior to those obtained by purification in the prior art in toughness and strength, while the alumina ceramic blanks obtained in the three examples have the strongest toughness and strength in example 2.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 2-3, a method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank, the method for using the sintering furnace in step S5, includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the whole reinforcing panel 5 and the built-in movable plate 7 are moved outwards by pinching the pinching handle 6, the ceramic piece to be processed is prevented from being placed at the upper end of the built-in movable plate 7, the ceramic piece is sent into the processing groove 4, and the reinforcing panel 5 is closed;
step two: controlling the control box 3, regulating and controlling the temperature inside the processing tank 4, processing for 5-7min, and controlling the reinforcing panel 5 to take out the built-in movable plate 7;
step three: turning on a motor switch of the heat insulation motor 74 to drive the rotating gear disc 75 to rotate, wherein the rotating gear disc 75 is in meshed connection with the lower rod 76 through the meshing latch 77 to drive the whole built-in sliding plate 72 to move outwards to take out the whole machined part;
step four: and after the processed ceramic part is taken out, cooling for a period of time, and then taking the ceramic machined part to finish the sintering work of the ceramic machined part.
The sintering furnace comprises a base 1, wherein a processing box 2 and a control box 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the base 1, a processing groove 4 is formed in the processing box 2, a built-in movable plate 7 is movably connected in the processing groove 4, a reinforcing panel 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the built-in movable plate 7, and a holding handle 6 is arranged in the middle of the outer end of the reinforcing panel 5;
the middle part inside the built-in movable plate 7 is connected with a built-in sliding plate 72 in a sliding manner, two sides of the outer end of the built-in sliding plate 72 are respectively provided with an edge side sliding block 73, an edge side sliding groove 71 for the edge side sliding block 73 to slide is formed in the built-in movable plate 7, a lower rod 76 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower end of the built-in sliding plate 72, the lower end of the lower rod 76 is provided with a plurality of meshing latch teeth 77, a heat insulation motor 74 is arranged in the middle part inside the built-in movable plate 7, a rotating gear disc 75 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the heat insulation motor 74, a notch for the rotating gear disc 75 to move is formed in the middle part inside the built-in movable plate 7, and the rotating gear disc 75 is meshed with the lower rod 76;
through opening the circuit switch of thermal-insulated motor 74, thermal-insulated motor 74 just drives rotation gear disc 75 and rotates, and rotation gear disc 75 is connected with the meshing between the lower pole 76, so rotation gear disc 75 rotates the in-process, drives whole built-in slide 72 and removes to the outside, and built-in slide 72 just can accomplish the transport work to ceramic member at the removal in-process, exports ceramic member to the outside, and the work of picking up is carried out to ceramic member to the outsider of being convenient for to accelerate the processing work in ceramic member later stage.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation and a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or they may be connected through two or more elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the toughened alumina ceramic blank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a toughening material: preparing a metering cylinder, and respectively injecting concentrated sulfuric acid and microcrystalline cellulose into the metering cylinder for mixing to finish the preparation treatment work of the nanocellulose;
s2, preparation of a ceramic material: placing the continuous fiber preform on the molten metal, permeating the molten metal into the preform due to capillary action, reacting the molten metal impregnated into the fiber preform with a gas-phase oxidant to form an oxide matrix due to the fact that the molten metal contains a small amount of additives and is in air or oxidizing atmosphere, and depositing the generated oxide around the fiber to form a compact continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite containing a small amount of residual metal;
s3, compression molding and mixing: injecting nano-cellulose into the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, performing pressing treatment by using an external pressing forming device, and effectively controlling the pressing time and the pressing weight;
s4, segmented drying treatment: drying the green bodies formed by pressing, cutting and segmenting the dried green bodies, and drying a plurality of groups of green bodies which are segmented in batches;
s5, sintering treatment: and (3) placing the blank after the sectional drying into a sintering furnace, effectively controlling the sintering temperature in the sintering furnace, and sintering for a certain time to prepare the toughened alumina ceramic blank.
2. The method for preparing the toughened alumina ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the nanocellulose in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing raw materials: preparing a measuring cup, adding 500ml of microcrystalline cellulose with the volume of 450-;
step two, precipitation screening work: and sequentially screening the precipitates generated after stirring in batches, wherein each 50ml of the precipitates is measured, screening the precipitates in the same proportion, and extracting the nano cellulose.
3. The method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank according to claim 2, wherein the centrifugal rotation speed in an external centrifugal device is controlled at 300-400r/min, the heating temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, and the proportion of water added is 5 times that of concentrated sulfuric acid liquid.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas phase oxidant is an oxygen-rich oxidant in step S2, the pressing time in step S3 is controlled to be 2-5min, and the pressing weight is set to be 5-10N.
5. The method for preparing a toughened alumina ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the blank in step S4 is set at 50-80 ℃ and the drying time is set at 8-12 h.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature in step S5 is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃ and the sintering time is controlled at 5-7 min.
7. The method for preparing the toughened alumina ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the method for using the sintering furnace in the step S5 comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the whole reinforcing panel (5) and the built-in movable plate (7) are moved outwards by pinching the pinching handle (6), a ceramic piece to be processed is prevented from being placed at the upper end of the built-in movable plate (7), the ceramic piece is sent into the processing groove (4), and the reinforcing panel (5) is closed;
step two: then, the control box (3) is controlled, the temperature inside the processing tank (4) is regulated and controlled, the processing is carried out for 5-7min, and then the built-in movable plate (7) is taken out by controlling the reinforcing panel (5);
step three: a motor switch of a heat insulation motor (74) is turned on to drive a rotating gear disc (75) to rotate, the rotating gear disc (75) is meshed and connected with a lower rod (76) through a meshing latch (77) to drive the whole built-in sliding plate (72) to move outwards, and the whole machined part is taken out;
step four: and after the processed ceramic part is taken out, cooling for a period of time, and then taking the ceramic machined part to finish the sintering work of the ceramic machined part.
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