CN113967734B - Titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing titanium alloy piece by laser additive and using method - Google Patents
Titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing titanium alloy piece by laser additive and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113967734B CN113967734B CN202111254904.3A CN202111254904A CN113967734B CN 113967734 B CN113967734 B CN 113967734B CN 202111254904 A CN202111254904 A CN 202111254904A CN 113967734 B CN113967734 B CN 113967734B
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000686227 Homo sapiens Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025003 Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing a titanium alloy piece by laser additive and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing. Wherein the titanium alloy mixed powder comprises: zrB 2 Powders, al-Zr alloy powders and titanium alloy powders; zrB 2 The mass percentage of the powder is 0.1-1% of the titanium alloy mixed powder, and the mass percentage of the Al-Zr alloy powder is 0.5-2% of the titanium alloy mixed powder. ZrB is added into the titanium alloy mixed powder 2 The powder reduces the grain size of deposited titanium alloy when preparing the titanium alloy piece through laser material increase; meanwhile, the Al-Zr alloy powder is added into the mixed powder, which is favorable for refining crystal grains and alpha lath structures, improves the plasticity of the material and greatly reduces the anisotropy of the deposited material.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, in particular to titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing a titanium alloy piece by laser additive and a using method.
Background
The titanium alloy has the characteristics of high strength, low density, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, biomedical treatment and the like. Compared with the traditional processing technology, the laser additive manufacturing can perform near-net forming on complex parts, the production process has no die, and the production period and the production cost are greatly reduced.
However, in the prior art, the deposited titanium alloy crystal grains grow into a coarse columnar crystal structure perpendicular to the substrate interface, and an alpha lath structure with a coarse size is formed in the columnar crystal, so that the mechanical property of the deposited material is greatly influenced, and the material shows obvious anisotropy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides the titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing the titanium alloy piece by laser additive and the use method thereof, which can refine the grain size of the titanium alloy and refine the alpha lath structure in the grain, thereby improving the performance of the titanium alloy piece.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing of a titanium alloy piece, including: zrB 2 Powders, al-Zr alloy powders and titanium alloy powders; zrB 2 The mass percentage of the powder is 0.1-1% of the titanium alloy mixed powder, and the mass percentage of the Al-Zr alloy powder is 0.5-2% of the titanium alloy mixed powder.
ZrB is added into the titanium alloy mixed powder 2 Powder, which may be a melt when the titanium alloy article is prepared by laser additiveProviding a nucleating agent in the cooling and solidification process of the pool, so that the deposited titanium alloy structure is changed from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals, and the grain size of the deposited titanium alloy is reduced; meanwhile, the Al-Zr alloy powder is added in the mixed powder, so that the supercooling degree of molten pool metal is increased during laser material addition, the refinement of crystal grains and the refinement of alpha lath structures are facilitated, the plasticity of the material is improved, and the anisotropy of the deposited material is greatly reduced.
In some embodiments of the application, zrB 2 The powder is spherical particles, zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is in the range of 50-1000nm.
In some embodiments of the present application, the Al-Zr alloy powder is spherical particles, and the particle diameter of the Al-Zr alloy powder is in the range of 50-200 μm; the mass percentage of Zr in the Al-Zr alloy powder is 80% -90%.
In some embodiments of the application, the titanium alloy powder is spherical particles, and the particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is in the range of 50-200 μm.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a titanium alloy piece by using a laser additive, including the steps of: the titanium alloy mixed powder is deposited on a substrate by using a laser additive mode.
ZrB is added into the titanium alloy mixed powder for laser material addition 2 The powder can provide a nucleating agent for the cooling and solidification process of the molten pool, so that the deposited titanium alloy structure is changed from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals, and the grain size of the deposited titanium alloy is reduced; meanwhile, the Al-Zr alloy powder is added into the mixed powder, so that the supercooling degree of molten pool metal is increased, the refinement of crystal grains and the refinement of alpha lath structures are facilitated, the plasticity of the material is improved, and the anisotropy of the deposited material is greatly reduced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laser additive is performed under inert gas conditions, with the oxygen content maintained in the range of 5ppm or less.
In some embodiments of the application, the laser additive manner includes: placing the mixed powder in a powder feeder, and fixing the substrate on an additive workbench; setting parameters of laser material increase; controlling a powder feeding head of the powder feeder to be positioned above the substrate, wherein a laser focus sent by the laser head is positioned on the surface of the substrate; and running a laser material adding program.
In some embodiments of the application, the parameters of the laser additive include: the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 7-25r/min, the powder in the powder feeder is blown into inert gas, and the gas flow is 8-20l/min; the laser power is 400-3000W, the deposition layer height is 0.1-0.5mm, and the movement rate of the laser head is 500-1500mm/min.
In some embodiments of the application, the diameter of the laser spot at the laser focus is 1.2-2.4mm.
In some embodiments of the application, the substrate is a titanium alloy substrate.
In some embodiments of the application, the substrate further comprises polishing, cleaning and drying the surface of the substrate prior to deposition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for producing a titanium alloy article using laser additive provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy member provided in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the deposited structure of the titanium alloy member according to example 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of nucleation particles of a deposited structure of the titanium alloy article provided in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a diffraction spot of the particulate matter of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy member provided in comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the deposit structure of the titanium alloy member according to comparative example 1;
fig. 8 is a drawing showing tensile strength test charts of the titanium alloy pieces provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 in both horizontal and vertical directions of the deposit structure.
Detailed Description
In the prior art, a titanium alloy piece is deposited by using a laser material adding mode, and the deposited titanium alloy piece is observed that: the deposited titanium alloy crystal grains grow into coarse columnar crystal structures perpendicular to the substrate interface, and alpha lath structures with coarse sizes can be formed in the columnar crystal, so that the mechanical properties of the deposited material are greatly influenced, and the material presents obvious anisotropism.
The inventors have found that the cause of the above problems is: the laser additive manufacturing process has the characteristics of rapid heating and cooling, and in the subsequent metal continuous deposition process, the previously deposited material is subjected to a multi-period and variable-cycle heating and cooling heat treatment process, and a deposited layer adjacent to the molten pool metal is remelted or micro-melted, so that deposited titanium alloy grains grow into coarse columnar crystal structures perpendicular to a substrate interface, and the columnar crystal interiors form alpha lath structures with coarse sizes.
In order to solve the problems, in the application, the mixed powder raw material of the laser additive is improved to refine the grain size of the titanium alloy and refine the alpha lath structure inside the grains, so that the performance of the titanium alloy piece is improved. A method for preparing a titanium alloy part by using the laser additive and a titanium alloy mixed powder for preparing a titanium alloy part by using the laser additive will be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy piece using laser additive according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the method includes the steps of:
s110, preparing titanium alloy mixed powder and preprocessing a substrate.
S111, zrB 2 And uniformly mixing the powder, the Al-Zr alloy powder and the titanium alloy powder to obtain the titanium alloy mixed powder. Wherein ZrB 2 The mass percentage of the powder is 0.1-1% of the titanium alloy mixed powder, and the Al-Zr alloy powderThe mass percentage of the titanium alloy mixed powder is 0.5-2%.
In one embodiment, the three powders are mixed uniformly by means of ball milling, and dried after being mixed uniformly. The ball-milling mixing is carried out in a ball-milling tank filled with inert gas, and after ball-milling, drying is carried out in a vacuum heating furnace.
Optionally, during ball milling, the ball-material ratio in the ball milling tank is 2-3:1, the rotating speed of the ball milling tank is 250-500r/min, and the ball milling time is 240-300min. As an example, the ball-to-material ratio in the ball milling tank is 2:1, 2.5:1, or 3:1; the rotating speed of the ball milling tank is 250r/min, 300r/min, 400r/min or 500r/min; the ball milling time is 240min, 260min, 280min or 300min.
In other embodiments, other mechanical mixing means are also possible, such as: blending, or spiral mixing, etc.
In the application, zrB 2 The powder is spherical particles (the spherical particles herein are not limited to spherical, but may be approximately spherical), zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is in the range of 50-1000nm.
Optionally ZrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is 50-100nm, zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is 100-200nm, zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is in the range of 200-400nm, or ZrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is in the range of 400-1000nm; zrB 2 The mass percentage of the powder in the titanium alloy mixed powder is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% or 1%.
The Al-Zr alloy powder is spherical particles (the spherical particles herein are not limited to be spherical, but may be approximately spherical), and the particle diameter of the Al-Zr alloy powder is in the range of 50 to 200 μm; the mass percentage of Zr in the Al-Zr alloy powder is 80% -90%.
Alternatively, the Al-Zr alloy powder has a particle diameter in the range of 50-100 μm, or the Al-Zr alloy powder has a particle diameter in the range of 100-200 μm; the Al-Zr alloy powder accounts for 0.5 percent, 1 percent, 1.5 percent or 2 percent of the mass of the titanium alloy mixed powder; the mass percentage of Zr in the Al-Zr alloy powder is 80%, 82%, 85% or 90%.
The titanium alloy powder is spherical particles (the spherical particles herein are not limited to be spherical, but may be approximately spherical), and the particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is in the range of 50 to 200 μm. Alternatively, the particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is in the range of 50-100 μm, or the particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is in the range of 100-200 μm.
Alternatively, the titanium alloy powder may be a commercially available titanium alloy powder, for example: the titanium alloy powder may be one or more of TC4 titanium alloy powder, TA7 titanium alloy powder, TA15 titanium alloy powder, TC11 titanium alloy powder, TC21 titanium alloy powder, and TB3 titanium alloy powder.
In the titanium alloy mixed powder, zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is smaller than that of the Al-Zr alloy powder, zrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is smaller than that of the titanium alloy powder, zrB 2 The powder is easier to be used as a nucleating agent so as to refine the grain size of the deposited titanium alloy after subsequent deposition. The particle diameters of the Al-Zr alloy powder and the titanium alloy powder are basically consistent, so that the mixture of the Al-Zr alloy powder and the titanium alloy powder is more uniform, the supercooling degree of molten pool metal is further increased in the subsequent deposition process, and the alpha lath structure is refined.
S112, preprocessing the substrate. Optionally, polishing the surface of the substrate, cleaning with acetone or/and alcohol, and blow-drying for later use.
In the application, if the substrate is a titanium alloy substrate, the substrate can be prevented from being cracked when the subsequent laser material-increasing treatment is carried out to form the titanium alloy piece, so that the preparation effect of the titanium alloy piece is better. In other embodiments, the substrate may be other alloy plates or pure metal plates, and the application is not limited thereto.
And S120, depositing the titanium alloy mixed powder on the substrate by using a laser additive mode. ZrB is added into the titanium alloy mixed powder for laser material addition 2 The powder can provide a nucleating agent for the cooling and solidification process of the molten pool, so that the deposited titanium alloy structure is changed from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals, and the grain size of the deposited titanium alloy is reduced; meanwhile, the Al-Zr alloy powder is added into the titanium alloy mixed powder, so that the supercooling degree of molten pool metal is increased, and the refinement of crystal grains and alpha laths are facilitatedThe refinement of the structure improves the plasticity of the material and greatly reduces the anisotropy of the deposited material.
Optionally, the laser additive is performed under inert gas conditions, with the oxygen content maintained in the range of 5ppm or less. Can avoid the oxidation reaction of the powder raw materials in the laser material adding process so as to obtain the titanium alloy piece.
In some embodiments of the present application, the manner of laser additive comprises the steps of:
s121, debugging equipment. The laser LDF-8000 semiconductor laser material-adding system is used for carrying out the laser material-adding deposition preparation of the titanium alloy, wherein the laser powder-feeding system is arranged in a closed cabin, a laser is turned on, a laser beam is emitted, the energy of the laser beam is uniformly distributed, and the diameter of a light spot at the focal point of the laser beam is determined to be 1.2-2.4mm.
S122, placing the titanium alloy mixed powder into a powder feeder, and fixing the substrate on the material adding workbench. Alternatively, the powder is added to a powder feeder of a laser powder feeding system, and the titanium alloy substrate is placed on an additive table, and the titanium alloy substrate is fixed using screws. The seal chamber door is closed, the interior of the chamber is filled with an inert gas (e.g., argon, helium, or neon) and the oxygen content is maintained below 5 ppm.
S123, setting parameters of laser material increase. Wherein the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 7-25r/min, the powder in the powder feeder is blown into inert gas (for example, ar gas, namely, the Ar gas blows the powder in the powder feeder so as to enable the powder feeding to perform laser material adding), and the gas flow is 8-20l/min; the laser power is 400-3000W, the deposition layer height is 0.1-0.5mm, and the movement rate of the laser head is 500-1500mm/min.
As an example, the powder feeder rotational speed is 7-15r/min or 15-25r/min; the flow rate of inert gas is 8-15l/min or 15-20l/min when powder is blown; the laser power is 400-1000W, 1000-2000W or 2000-3000W; the height of the deposited layer is 0.1-0.3mm or 0.3-0.5mm; the movement speed of the laser head is 500-1000mm/min or 1000-1500mm/min.
It should be noted that: the width of the deposit and the number of layers deposited are related to the size and thickness of the target titanium alloy piece, and the present application is not particularly limited.
S124, controlling the powder feeding head of the powder feeder to be positioned above the substrate, and enabling the laser focus sent by the laser head to be positioned on the surface of the substrate. Optionally, the powder feeding head is arranged above the substrate, the laser guide light spot is opened, the laser beam position is adjusted to the edge of the plate, and the light beam focus is adjusted to the surface of the titanium alloy substrate. Alternatively, the diameter of the laser spot at the laser focus is 1.2-2.4mm.
And S125, running a laser material adding program, and performing laser material adding operation by using titanium alloy powder to obtain the titanium alloy piece.
The titanium alloy piece prepared by the application has smaller grain phase size, obviously reduced alpha lath structure size, improved material plasticity and greatly reduced anisotropy of the deposited material.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preparing a titanium alloy piece by using a laser material adding mode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing titanium alloy mixed powder: zrB is to 2 Adding the powder and the Al-Zr alloy powder into TC4 titanium alloy powder, placing the powder and the Al-Zr alloy powder into a ball milling tank (wherein the ball material ratio is 3:1, argon is filled in the ball milling tank, the rotating speed is 300r/min, the ball milling time is 240 min.), placing the mixed powder into a vacuum heating furnace after ball milling is completed, setting the temperature to be 100 ℃, and the heat preservation time to be 300min, and drying to obtain the titanium alloy mixed powder.
Wherein ZrB 2 The powder is nano-scale spherical powder, the diameter range of the powder particles is 50-1000nm, and the mass fraction is 0.1%; the Zr content in the Al-Zr alloy powder is 84%, the Al-Zr alloy powder is spherical particle powder, the diameter of the powder particle ranges from 50 mu m to 150 mu m, and the mass fraction in the mixed powder accounts for 1%; residual ofThe TC4 titanium alloy powder is spherical particle powder, and the particle diameter of the powder ranges from 53 mu m to 150 mu m.
(2) Using TC4 titanium alloy substrate with the size of 200mm multiplied by 20mm as an additive substrate, removing an oxide film on the surface of the titanium alloy by a polisher, cleaning the plate by acetone and alcohol, and drying for later use.
(3) And performing laser additive deposition preparation of the titanium alloy by using a laser LDF-8000 semiconductor laser additive system, wherein the laser powder feeding system is arranged in a closed cabin, a laser is turned on, a laser beam is emitted, the energy of the laser beam is uniformly distributed, and the diameter of a light spot at a light beam focus is determined to be 1.8mm.
(4) Adding the powder into a powder feeder of a laser powder feeding system, and placing the titanium alloy substrate for standby in the step (2) on an additive workbench to fix the titanium alloy substrate by using screws. The sealed chamber door was closed, the interior of the chamber was filled with Ar gas, and the oxygen content was kept below 5 ppm.
(5) Setting parameters of laser material increase, setting the rotating speed of a powder feeder to 12r/min, setting the air flow of powder blowing Ar to 15l/min, setting the laser power to 900W, setting the moving speed of a laser head to 600mm/min, setting the layer height to 0.3mm, setting the deposition width to 150mm, and setting the deposition layer number to 500.
(6) And arranging the powder feeding head above the substrate, opening a laser guide spot, adjusting the position of the laser beam to the edge of the plate, and adjusting the focus of the laser beam to the surface of the titanium alloy substrate.
(7) And running a program, and performing laser material adding operation by using the titanium alloy powder to obtain the titanium alloy piece.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: comparative example 1 laser additive operation directly using TC4 titanium alloy powder, zrB was not added 2 Powder and Al-Zr alloy powder.
Experimental example 1
The titanium alloy pieces provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 were taken and metallographic specimens were prepared for observation and analysis of the deposit-state structure, and tensile property tests were conducted on the deposit-state titanium alloy in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a deposition structure of a titanium alloy member according to example 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the deposited structure of the titanium alloy member according to example 1; FIG. 4 is a diagram of nucleation particles of a deposited structure of the titanium alloy article provided in example 1; FIG. 5 is a diffraction spot of the particulate matter of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy member provided in comparative example 1; fig. 7 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy member provided in comparative example 1. As is evident from comparison of fig. 2 and 6 and fig. 3 and 7, the internal crystal grains of the TC4 powder laser additive deposition state structure are coarse columnar crystals, and the size of the intra-crystal alpha lath structure is larger; to add ZrB 2 The TC4 laser additive deposition state structure of the powder and the Al-Zr alloy powder is small equiaxed crystal, and the size of alpha lath structure inside the crystal grain is obviously reduced. In addition, as can be seen in fig. 4 and 5, the titanium alloy piece provided in example 1 produced a smaller sized particulate phase in situ during the manufacturing process, providing nucleation sites for grain refinement.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing tensile strength test in both horizontal and vertical directions of the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy pieces provided in example 1 and comparative example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the as-deposited structure of the titanium alloy piece provided in comparative example 1 has a lower elongation and a larger difference in tensile strength in the horizontal and vertical directions, and has a significant anisotropy; the titanium alloy piece provided in example 1 has obviously increased deposition state structure elongation, and tensile strength and elongation in two directions are not greatly different, so that anisotropy of the material is greatly reduced.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. Be used for laser additive preparationA titanium alloy mixed powder for a titanium alloy member, comprising: zrB 2 Powders, al-Zr alloy powders and titanium alloy powders; the ZrB 2 The powder accounts for 0.1-1% of the titanium alloy mixed powder in percentage by mass, and the Al-Zr alloy powder accounts for 0.5-2% of the titanium alloy mixed powder in percentage by mass.
2. The titanium alloy mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein the ZrB 2 The powder is spherical particles, and the ZrB 2 The particle diameter of the powder is in the range of 50-1000nm.
3. The titanium alloy mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein the Al-Zr alloy powder is spherical particles, and the particle diameter of the Al-Zr alloy powder ranges from 50 to 200 μm; the mass percentage of Zr in the Al-Zr alloy powder is 80% -90%.
4. The titanium alloy mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy powder is spherical particles, and the particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is in the range of 50 to 200 μm.
5. A method for preparing a titanium alloy piece by using a laser material adding mode, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
depositing the titanium alloy powder mixture of any one of claims 1-4 onto a substrate using laser additive.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the laser additive is performed under inert gas conditions, and the oxygen content is maintained in the range of 5ppm or less.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the laser additive manner comprises: placing the mixed powder in a powder feeder, and fixing the substrate on an additive workbench; setting parameters of laser material increase; controlling a powder feeding head of the powder feeder to be positioned above the substrate, wherein a laser focus sent by a laser head is positioned on the surface of the substrate; and running a laser material adding program.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the parameters of the laser additive comprise: the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 7-25r/min, the powder in the powder feeder is blown into inert gas, and the gas flow is 8-20L/min; the laser power is 400-3000W, the deposition layer height is 0.1-0.5mm, and the movement rate of the laser head is 500-1500mm/min.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the diameter of the laser spot at the laser focus is 1.2-2.4mm.
10. The method of any one of claims 5-9, wherein the substrate is a titanium alloy substrate;
or/and, the substrate before deposition, further comprises the steps of polishing, cleaning and drying the surface of the substrate.
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