CN113967391A - High-adsorption nano-fiber air filter material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-adsorption nano-fiber air filter material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113967391A CN113967391A CN202010725877.2A CN202010725877A CN113967391A CN 113967391 A CN113967391 A CN 113967391A CN 202010725877 A CN202010725877 A CN 202010725877A CN 113967391 A CN113967391 A CN 113967391A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-adsorption nanofiber air filter material and a preparation method thereof. The composite nano fiber filtering layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of nano composite nano fiber layers on the surface of a supporting material. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises a first nano powder composite nano fiber, a second nano powder composite nano fiber and a third nano powder composite nano fiber. The first nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber, the second nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber and the third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber are mixed evenly by airflow or stacked in sequence respectively to form a nanometer composite nanometer fiber layer. Compared with the prior art, the nanofiber air filter material with high adsorption performance has high VOCs adsorption performance, high dust filtration efficiency, low pressure loss and high antibacterial performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nanofiber air filter material with high adsorption performance, in particular to a nanofiber air filter material with high adsorption performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of science and technology, air pollution and climate change greenhouse effect become more and more serious, and VOCs, PM2.5 and dust in the air seriously influence the life of people and cause great threat to the health of people. The PM2.5 has complex composition and wide particle size distribution, and fine particles smaller than 2 mu m can penetrate into bronchioles and alveoli of a human body and directly influence the lung function of the human body.
VOCs become a common indoor air pollution source in the air, especially free formaldehyde has great harm to human health, and besides the high concentration can cause extreme discomfort of eyes and respiratory tract, formaldehyde can cause many diseases, such as respiratory tract diseases, newborn deformity, acute dysthymia, even cancers of respiratory tract, skin and digestive tract, and the like. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the formaldehyde content in the air is a very important issue. At present, most of the PM2.5 prevention and treatment are concentrated on the outdoor individual protection aspect, and the attention on indoor air purification is less. However, as the living conditions of people increase, home decoration becomes common, and in order to save energy, the indoor environment is usually in a closed state, so that the concentration of indoor pollutants is too high, and in addition, more than 80% of the time of people in the indoor environment every day is spent, so that the influence of the indoor air quality on the health of people is particularly remarkable.
The current indoor air purification technology mainly comprises a filtration method, an adsorption method, a photocatalysis method, an anion method and a plant absorption method. The filtration method is the most direct and effective method for filtering VOCs, PM2.5 and dust in air, but the common air filtration material has low efficiency and high resistance, and cannot meet the requirements of people on air quality, so that the development of a high-performance air filtration material with high efficiency and low pressure loss, and a high-performance air filtration material, in particular a high-efficiency air filtration material, capable of effectively removing air pollutants such as dust, formaldehyde, bacteria and the like in air is urgently needed.
The High efficiency air filter (HEPA) is tested with 260nm particle at 5.3cm/sec flow rate, and has filter efficiency of over 99.97%, pressure loss of 32mmH2O or less; when the filtration efficiency is measured at a flow rate of 14cm/sec, the filtration efficiency is 94% or more, and the pressure loss is 94mmH2A filter material below O. The filter material can be applied to air filtration of a clean room or a biological sterile room (bio-clean room) of a semiconductor process. Stable HEPA screens must be used in such environments to avoid airborne particles from damaging the clean room product or to reduce the contents of the clean room.
The HEPA filter material sold in the market at present mainly comprises glass fiber or polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric, the most common HEPA filter material is glass fiber non-woven fabric filter material which is easy to crack during folding processing; polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabricAfter electrostatic treatment, the material is soft and has low mechanical strength, and the filter material is required to be folded with other base materials, so that the filter materials have certain limitation, and if a certain filtering effect is required (the filtering efficiency is required to be more than 99.97 percent and the pressure loss is 32mmH when the filtering effect is tested by 260nm particles at the flow rate of 5.3cm/sec, the filtering efficiency is required to be more than 32mmH2O or less), the weight per unit area of the powder is more than 70g/m2And tend to have high pressure loss values.
The nano-fiber filter material has the most excellent performance in a plurality of filter materials due to the sparse and porous structure and the relatively high specific surface area, but most of the nano-fiber filter material is spun by high polymer, can only intercept and electrostatically adsorb suspended particles in the air, and cannot remove bacteria, viruses and organic pollutants such as VOCs in the air.
In view of the above, there is still a need for a new nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance to overcome the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance, which includes a support material and a composite nanofiber filter layer. The supporting material is non-woven fabric or paper. The non-woven fabric is melt-blown non-woven fabric, spun-bonded non-woven fabric, hot-air non-woven fabric or air-laid non-woven fabric. The composite nanofiber filter layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of layers of the nanocomposite nanofiber layers on the surface of the support material. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises a first nano powder composite nano fiber, a second nano powder composite nano fiber and a third nano powder composite nano fiber. The formaldehyde adsorption efficiency of the high-adsorption-performance nanofiber air filter material is more than 95%, the 0.3 mu m dust filtration efficiency is more than 90% at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, and the pressure loss is less than 7mmH2O, the antibacterial efficiency to staphylococcus aureus is more than 99 percent.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance, wherein the nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance comprises a support material and a composite nanofiber filter layer. The composite nanofiber filter layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of layers of the nanocomposite nanofiber layers on the surface of the support material. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises a first nano powder composite nano fiber, a second nano powder composite nano fiber and a third nano powder composite nano fiber. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber are uniformly mixed by airflow to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer.
The first nano powder composite nano fiber is spun by a high-voltage electrostatic field and extended by matching with airflow, so that the average fiber fineness of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is between 40 and 90 nm. The first nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a first water-soluble polymer and a nano metal oxide, wherein the nano metal oxide is TiO2And ZnO or a mixture thereof, wherein the first nano powder composite nano fiber contains nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5-5 wt%. The first water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide or polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
The second nano powder composite nano fiber is spun by using a high-voltage electrostatic field, so that the average fiber fineness of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is between 10nm and 60 nm. The second nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a second water-soluble polymer and a nano adsorbent, wherein the nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, and the ratio of the nano adsorbent to the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 0.5-5 wt%. The second water-soluble polymer is chitin, chitosan, a chitosan derivative or a mixture thereof. The chitosan derivative is quaternary amine salinized chitosan and nano-silver composite chitosan.
The third nano powder composite nano fiber is spun by a high-voltage electrostatic field and extended by matching with airflow, so that the average fiber fineness of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is between 40 and 90 nm. The third nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a third water-soluble polymer, a nano catalyst and a nano adsorbent. The nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or their mixture, and the nano catalyst is ZnO or MnO2Or mixtures thereof. The proportion of the nano catalyst and the nano adsorbent relative to the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 0.5-5 wt%. And the ratio of nanocatalyst to nanocatalyst and nanosorbent is between about 10 weight percent and about 50 weight percent. The third water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance, which comprises a support material and a composite nanofiber filter layer. The composite nanofiber filter layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of layers of the nanocomposite nanofiber layers on the surface of the support material. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises a first nano powder composite nano fiber, a second nano powder composite nano fiber and a third nano powder composite nano fiber. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber are respectively laminated in sequence to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer. The nanocomposite nanofiber layer formed by the sequential stacking comprises a first nanofiber layer, a second nanofiber layer, and a third nanofiber layer.
The first nanometer fiber layer contains a plurality of first nanometer powder composite nanometer fibers, and the average fiber fineness of the first nanometer powder composite nanometer fibers is between 40nm and 90nm by utilizing high-voltage electrostatic field spinning and matching with airflow extension. The first nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a first water-soluble polymer and a nano metal oxide, wherein the nano metal oxide can be TiO2And ZnO or a mixture thereof, wherein the first nano powder composite nano fiber contains nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5-5 wt%. The first water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
The second nano-fiber layer is stacked on the surface of the first nano-fiber layer, the second nano-fiber layer comprises a plurality of second nano-powder composite nano-fibers, and the average fiber fineness of the second nano-powder composite nano-fibers is 10-60 nm by utilizing high-voltage electrostatic field spinning. The second nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a second water-soluble polymer and a nano adsorbent, wherein the nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, and the ratio of the nano adsorbent to the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 0.5-5 wt%. The second water-soluble polymer may be chitin, chitosan, a chitosan derivative, or a mixture thereof. The chitosan derivative is quaternary amine salinized chitosan and nano-silver composite chitosan.
The third nano-fiber layer is stacked on the surface of the second nano-fiber layer, the third nano-fiber layer comprises a plurality of third nano-powder composite nano-fibers, and the average fiber fineness of the third nano-powder composite nano-fibers is between 40nm and 90nm by utilizing high-voltage electrostatic field spinning and matched air flow extension. The third nano powder composite nano fiber comprises a third water-soluble polymer, a nano catalyst and a nano adsorbent. The nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or their mixture, and the nano catalyst is ZnO or MnO2Or mixtures thereof. The proportion of the nano catalyst and the nano adsorbent relative to the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 0.5-5 wt%. And the ratio of nanocatalyst to nanocatalyst and nanosorbent is between about 10 weight percent and about 50 weight percent. The third water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high adsorptive capacity nanofiber air filter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a nano composite nanofiber layer of a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the nano composite nanofiber layer of the nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
A brief description of the reference numerals follows:
10 support layer
20 composite nanofiber filter layer
200 nanometer composite nanofiber layer
210 first nanopowder composite nanofibers
220 second nano powder composite nano fiber
230 third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber
n plural number of layers
Detailed Description
The structure, composition, technical means and efficacy of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nanocomposite nanofiber layer of a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 is another structural view of a nanocomposite nanofiber layer of a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance of the present invention includes a support 10 and a composite nanofiber filter layer 20. The composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of n-nanofiber composite layers 200 on the surface of the support material 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210, the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 and the third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 are uniformly mixed by an air flow to form a nanocomposite nanofiber layer 200.
As shown in fig. 3, a first nanopowder composite nanofiber 210, a second nanopowder composite nanofiber 220 and a third nanopowder composite nanofiber 230 are sequentially stacked to form a nanocomposite nanofiber layer 200.
The support member 10 includes a non-woven fabric or paper. The nonwoven fabric may be a melt-blown nonwoven fabric, a spun-bonded nonwoven fabric, a hot-air nonwoven fabric or an air-laid nonwoven fabric. The basis weight of the support material 10 is 10-30 g/m2For example, the basis weight of the supporting material 10 may be 10g/m2、15g/m2、20g/m2、25g/m2Or 30g/m2。
The plurality of layers n is in the range of 3-12 layers, for example, the plurality of layers n can be 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers, 8 layers, 9 layers, 10 layers, 11 layers or 12 layers. The nano composite nano fiber layer 200 includes 20 to 50 wt% of a first nano powder composite nano fiber 210, 10 to 30 wt% of a second nano powder composite nano fiber 220, and 20 to 50 wt% of a third nano powder composite nano fiber 230. The basis weight of the composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is 0.1-1.5 g/m2For example, the composite nanofiber filtration layer 20 has a basis weight of 0.1g/m2、0.2g/m2、0.3g/m2、0.4g/m2、0.5g/m2、0.6g/m2、0.8g/m2、1.0g/m2、1.2g/m2Or 1.5g/m2. The high-adsorption-performance nanofiber air filter material has the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency of more than 95 percent, the 0.3 mu m dust filtration efficiency of more than 90 percent at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s and the pressure loss of less than 7mm H2O, the antibacterial efficiency to staphylococcus aureus is more than 99 percent.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance includes a support 10 and a composite nanofiber filter layer 20. The support member 10 includes a non-woven fabric or paper. The nonwoven fabric may be a melt-blown nonwoven fabric, a spun-bonded nonwoven fabric, a hot-air nonwoven fabric or an air-laid nonwoven fabric. The basis weight of the support material 10 is 10-30 g/m2For example, the basis weight of the supporting material 10 may be 10g/m2、15g/m2、20g/m2、25g/m2Or 30g/m2. The composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of n-nanofiber composite layers 200 on the surface of the support material 10. The plurality of layers n is in the range of 3-12 layers, for example, the plurality of layers n can be 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers, 8 layers, 9 layers, 10 layers, 11 layers or 12 layers. The nano composite nano fiber layer 200 includes 20 to 50 wt% of a first nano powder composite nano fiber 210, 10 to 30 wt% of a second nano powder composite nano fiber 220, and 20 to 50 wt% of a third nano powder composite nano fiber 230. Composite nano-meterThe basis weight of the fiber filtering layer 20 is 0.1-1.5 g/m2For example, the composite nanofiber filtration layer 20 may have a basis weight of 0.1g/m2、0.2g/m2、0.3g/m2、0.4g/m2、0.5g/m2、0.6g/m2、0.8g/m2、1.0g/m2、1.2g/m2Or 1.5g/m2. The first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210, the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 and the third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 are formed by uniformly mixing air streams.
The first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 are spun by a high voltage electrostatic field and extended by an air flow, such that the average fiber fineness of the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 is between 40nm and 90nm, for example, the average fiber fineness of the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 may be 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, or 90 nm. The first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 comprise a first water soluble polymer and a nano metal oxide, which may be TiO2ZnO or a mixture thereof, the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 contain a nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5 to 5 wt%, for example, the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 may contain a nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt% or 5 wt%. The first water soluble polymer may be nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof.
The second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 are spun using a high voltage electrostatic field to make the average fiber fineness of the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 between 10nm and 60nm, for example, the average fiber fineness of the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 may be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm or 60 nm. The second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 comprise a second water soluble polymer and a nano-adsorbent, which may be activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, in a ratio of 0.5 to 5 wt% relative to the second nanopowder composite nanofibers, for example, in a ratio of 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt% or 5 wt% relative to the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220. The second water-soluble polymer may be chitin, chitosan, a chitosan derivative, or a mixture thereof. The chitosan derivative is quaternary amine salinized chitosan and nano-silver composite chitosan.
The third nano-powder composite nano-fiber 230 is spun by a high-voltage electrostatic field and extended by a matching air flow, so that the average fiber fineness of the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber 230 is between 40nm and 90nm, for example, the average fiber fineness of the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber 230 may be 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm or 90 nm. The third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 comprise a third water soluble polymer, a nanocatalyst and a nanocatalyst. The nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or their mixture, and the nano catalyst is ZnO or MnO2Or mixtures thereof. The ratio of the nano-catalyst and nano-adsorbent to the third nano-powder composite nanofiber 230 is 0.5 to 5 wt%, for example, the ratio of the nano-catalyst and nano-adsorbent to the third nano-powder composite nanofiber 230 is 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or 5 wt%. And the ratio of the nano-catalyst to the nano-catalyst and the nano-adsorbent is between about 10 wt% and about 50 wt%, for example, the ratio of the nano-catalyst to the nano-adsorbent is 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%. The third water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance includes a support 10 and a composite nanofiber filter layer 20. The support member 10 includes a non-woven fabric or paper. The non-woven fabric is melt-blown non-woven fabric, spun-bonded non-woven fabric, hot-air non-woven fabric or air-laid non-woven fabric. The basis weight of the support material 10 is 10-30 g/m2For example, the basis weight of the supporting material 10 is 10g/m2、15g/m2、20g/m2、25g/m2Or 30g/m2. The composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is composed of a plurality of n-layer nano-compositeThe nanofiber layer 200 is deposited and stacked on the surface of the support material 10. The plurality of layers n is in the range of 3-12 layers, for example, the plurality of layers n can be 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers, 8 layers, 9 layers, 10 layers, 11 layers or 12 layers.
The nano composite nano fiber layer 200 includes 20 to 50 wt% of a first nano powder composite nano fiber 210, 10 to 30 wt% of a second nano powder composite nano fiber 220, and 20 to 50 wt% of a third nano powder composite nano fiber 230. The basis weight of the composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is 0.1-1.5 g/m2For example, the composite nanofiber filtration layer 20 may have a basis weight of 0.1g/m2、0.2g/m2、0.3g/m2、0.4g/m2、0.5g/m2、0.6g/m2、0.8g/m2、1.0g/m2、1.2g/m2Or 1.5g/m2. The first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210, the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 and the third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 are sequentially stacked to form a nanocomposite nanofiber layer 200. The nanocomposite nanofiber layer 200 formed by this sequential stacking comprises a first nanofiber layer, a second nanofiber layer, and a third nanofiber layer.
The first nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the support material 10, the first nanofiber layer comprises a plurality of first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210, and the average fiber fineness of the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 is between 40nm and 90nm by spinning in a high-voltage electrostatic field and extending in cooperation with an air flow, for example, the average fiber fineness of the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 may be 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm or 90 nm. The first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 comprise a first water soluble polymer and a nano metal oxide, which may be TiO2ZnO or a mixture thereof, the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 contain a nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5 to 5 wt%, for example, the first nanopowder composite nanofibers 210 may contain a nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt% or 5 wt%. The first water soluble polymer may be nylon or polyoxyEthylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or mixtures thereof.
The second nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the first nanofiber layer, the second nanofiber layer comprises a plurality of second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220, and the average fiber fineness of the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 is 10nm to 60nm by spinning with a high-voltage electrostatic field, for example, the average fiber fineness of the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 may be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm or 60 nm. The second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 comprise a second water soluble polymer and a nano-adsorbent, which is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, in a ratio of 0.5 to 5 wt% relative to the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220, for example, the ratio of the nano-adsorbent to the second nanopowder composite nanofibers 220 may be 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or 5 wt%. The second water-soluble polymer may be chitin, chitosan, a chitosan derivative, or a mixture thereof. The chitosan derivative can be quaternary amine salinized chitosan and nano-silver composite chitosan.
The third nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the second nanofiber layer, the third nanofiber layer comprises a plurality of third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230, and the average fiber fineness of the third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 is between 40nm and 90nm by utilizing high-voltage electrostatic field spinning and matched air flow extension, for example, the average fiber fineness of the third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 may be 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm or 90 nm. The third nanopowder composite nanofibers 230 comprise a third water soluble polymer, a nanocatalyst and a nanocatalyst. The nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or their mixture, and the nano catalyst is ZnO or MnO2Or mixtures thereof. The ratio of the nano-catalyst and nano-adsorbent to the third nano-powder composite nanofiber 230 is 0.5 to 5 wt%, for example, the ratio of the nano-catalyst and nano-adsorbent to the third nano-powder composite nanofiber 230 is 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or5% by weight. And the ratio of the nano-catalyst to the nano-catalyst and the nano-adsorbent is between about 10 wt% and about 50 wt%, for example, the ratio of the nano-catalyst to the nano-catalyst and the nano-adsorbent is 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%. The third water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof.
The composite nanofiber filter layer 20 is formed by depositing a plurality of n-nanofiber composite nanofiber layers 200, and compared with the prior art, the nanofiber air filter material with high adsorption performance has high VOCs adsorption performance, high dust filtration efficiency, low pressure loss and high antibacterial performance.
And (3) testing the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency:
the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency was tested by referring to the evaluation test method of deodorizing performance of japan JAFET.
And (3) antibacterial efficiency test:
the antibacterial efficiency is tested according to AATCC 100.
The purpose, structural composition, technical means and efficacy of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of example:
example 1
Dissolving 65g of nylon and 10g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in 425g of formic acid to prepare a first nano powder composite nanofiber spinning solution containing 13 wt% of nylon and 2 wt% of ZnO; dissolving 30g of chitosan and 10g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is firstly dissolved in 30-90 wt% of acetic acid and is crushed to 20nm size by a ball mill) in 460g of 30-90 wt% of acetic acid to prepare a second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 6 wt% of chitosan and 2 wt% of activated carbon powder; 65g of nylon, 5g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and 5g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is firstly dissolved in formic acid and crushed to 20nm by a ball mill) are dissolved in 425g of formic acid to prepare a third nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 13 weight percent of nylon, 1 weight percent of ZnO and 1 weight percent of activated carbon powder. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at a static voltage of 45kV, a spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2The air flow is extendedThe spinning solution of the two nano powder composite nano fibers is at a static voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution is 8c.c/min, and the spinning solution of the third nano powder composite nano fibers is at a static voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution is at 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2And (3) extending the airflow, and uniformly mixing the first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber by the airflow to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 40 wt% of first nano powder composite nano fiber, 20 wt% of second nano powder composite nano fiber and 40 wt% of third nano powder composite nano fiber. At 10g/m2Depositing 10 layers of nano composite nano fiber layer on PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric to form 0.7g/m2The average diameter of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is 60nm, the average diameter of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 53nm, the average diameter of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 70nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency of staphylococcus aureus of the composite nano fiber filter layer are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Dissolving 65g of nylon and 10g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in 425g of formic acid to prepare a first nano powder composite nanofiber spinning solution containing 13 wt% of nylon and 2 wt% of ZnO; dissolving 30g of chitosan and 10g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is firstly dissolved in 30-90 wt% of acetic acid and is crushed to 20nm size by a ball mill) in 460g of 30-90 wt% of acetic acid to prepare a second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 6 wt% of chitosan and 2 wt% of activated carbon powder; 65g of nylon, 5g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and 5g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is firstly dissolved in formic acid and crushed to 20nm by a ball mill) are dissolved in 425g of formic acid to prepare a third nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 13 weight percent of nylon, 1 weight percent of ZnO and 1 weight percent of activated carbon powder. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at a static voltage of 45kV, a spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2Air flow extension, spinning the second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution at the electrostatic voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution of 8c.c/min, and spinning the third nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution at the electrostatic voltage of 45kVSilk liquor 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2The gas flow extends. And respectively laminating the first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber in sequence to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 40 wt% of first nano powder composite nano fiber, 20 wt% of second nano powder composite nano fiber and 40 wt% of third nano powder composite nano fiber. At 10g/m2Forming a nano-composite nano-fiber layer on the support material of the PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and depositing 10 nano-composite nano-fiber layers to form 0.7g/m2The average diameter of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is 60nm, the average diameter of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 53nm, the average diameter of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 70nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency of staphylococcus aureus of the composite nano fiber filter layer are shown in table 1.
Example 3
65g of polyvinyl alcohol and 10g of nano manganese dioxide (MnO)2) Dissolved in 425g of water to a solution containing 13 wt.% polyvinyl alcohol and 2 wt.% MnO2The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution; dissolving 30g of chitosan and 10g of zeolite powder (the zeolite powder is firstly dissolved in 30-90 wt% of acetic acid and is crushed to 20nm by a ball mill) in 460g of 30-90 wt% of acetic acid to prepare a second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 6 wt% of chitosan and 2 wt% of zeolite powder; 65g of nylon, 5g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and 5g of zeolite powder (the zeolite powder is firstly dissolved in formic acid and is crushed to 20nm by a ball mill) are dissolved in 425g of formic acid to prepare a third nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 13 weight percent of nylon, 1 weight percent of ZnO and 1 weight percent of zeolite powder. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at a static voltage of 45kV, a spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2Extending the airflow, applying the second nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution of 8c.c/min, and applying the third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV, the spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2The gas flow extends. Compounding the first nanometer powderThe nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber are respectively laminated in sequence to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 40 wt% of first nano powder composite nano fiber, 20 wt% of second nano powder composite nano fiber and 40 wt% of third nano powder composite nano fiber. At 15g/m2Forming a nano composite nano fiber layer on the support material of the PP melt-blown non-woven fabric, and depositing 6 nano composite nano fiber layers to form 0.3g/m2The average diameter of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is 70nm, the average diameter of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 60nm, the average diameter of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 72nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency to staphylococcus aureus of the composite nano fiber filter layer are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Dissolving 20g of polyoxyethylene and 5g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in 475g of water to prepare a first nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 4 wt% of polyoxyethylene and 1 wt% of ZnO; dissolving 30g of chitin and 10g of apatite powder (the apatite powder is firstly dissolved in 30-90 wt% of acetic acid and is crushed to 20nm size by a ball mill) in 460g of 30-90 wt% of acetic acid to prepare a second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 6 wt% of chitin and 2 wt% of apatite powder; 65g of polyvinyl alcohol and 2.5g of nano manganese dioxide (MnO)2) And 5g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is dissolved in water and crushed to 20nm size by a ball mill) are dissolved in 427.5g of water to prepare a third nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 13 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 wt% of ZnO and 1 wt% of zeolite powder. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at a static voltage of 45kV, a spinning solution of 6c.c/min and 2kg/cm2Extending the airflow, applying the second nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution of 8c.c/min, and applying the third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV, the spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2The gas flow extends. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiberThe nano-powder composite nano-fibers are respectively laminated in sequence to form a nano-composite nano-fiber layer. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 20 wt% of first nano powder composite nano fiber, 30 wt% of second nano powder composite nano fiber and 50 wt% of third nano powder composite nano fiber. At 25g/m2Forming a nano-composite nano-fiber layer on the support material of the PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and depositing 8 nano-composite nano-fiber layers to form 0.5g/m2The average diameter of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is 66nm, the average diameter of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 54nm, the average diameter of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 68nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency to staphylococcus aureus of the composite nano fiber filter layer are shown in table 1.
Example 5
Dissolving 65g of nylon and 10g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in 425g of formic acid to prepare a first nano powder composite nanofiber spinning solution containing 13 wt% of nylon and 2 wt% of ZnO; dissolving 30g of quaternary amine salinized chitosan and 10g of activated carbon powder (the activated carbon powder is firstly dissolved in 30-90 wt% of acetic acid and is crushed to 20nm by a ball mill) in 460g of 30-90 wt% of acetic acid to prepare a second nano powder composite nano fiber spinning solution containing 6 wt% of quaternary amine salinized chitosan and 2 wt% of zeolite powder; a third nanopowder composite nanofiber spinning solution comprising 4 wt% of polyethylene oxide, 0.5 wt% of ZnO and 1 wt% of apatite powder was prepared by dissolving 20g of polyethylene oxide, 2.5g of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and 5g of apatite powder (apatite powder was first dissolved in water and pulverized to 20nm size by ball milling) in 472.5g of water. The first nano-powder composite nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at a static voltage of 45kV, a spinning solution of 6c.c/min and 2kg/cm2Extending the airflow, applying the second nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution of 8c.c/min, and applying the third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber spinning solution with the electrostatic voltage of 45kV, the spinning solution of 8c.c/min and 2kg/cm2The gas flow extends. Sequentially laminating the first nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber, the second nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber and the third nanometer powder composite nanometer fiber respectivelyForming a nanocomposite nanofiber layer. The nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 50 wt% of first nano powder composite nano fiber, 30 wt% of second nano powder composite nano fiber and 20 wt% of third nano powder composite nano fiber. At 15g/m2Forming a nano composite nano fiber layer on the support material of the PP melt-blown non-woven fabric, and depositing 8 nano composite nano fiber layers to form 0.4g/m2The average diameter of the first nano powder composite nano fiber is 68nm, the average diameter of the second nano powder composite nano fiber is 56nm, the average diameter of the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 70nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency to staphylococcus aureus of the composite nano fiber filter layer are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
65g of nylon was dissolved in 435g of formic acid to make a nylon nanofiber dope containing 13 wt% of nylon. Spinning nylon nano-fiber spinning solution at a static voltage of 45kV and a spinning solution of 8c.c/min at a speed of 15g/m2Depositing on PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric to form 0.6g/m2The average diameter of the nylon nanofiber filter layer is 95nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency on staphylococcus aureus are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
65g of polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in 435g of formic acid to prepare a nanofiber dope containing 13% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol. The polyvinyl alcohol nano-fiber spinning solution is processed at the static voltage of 45kV and the spinning solution of 8c.c/min at the voltage of 15g/m2Depositing on PP melt-blown non-woven fabric to form 0.6g/m2The average diameter of the polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber of the nanofiber filter layer is 106nm, and the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 mu m dust at the flow velocity of 5.3cm/s, the pressure loss and the antibacterial efficiency on staphylococcus aureus are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As shown in table 1, examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and comparative examples 1 and 2, the nanofiber air filters with high adsorption performance of the present invention have good adsorption performance, such as high adsorption performance of formaldehyde, high 0.3 μm dust filtration efficiency, low pressure loss and high antibacterial performance, and the nanofiber air filters with high adsorption performance and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention have great industrial applicability and advancement.
Claims (18)
1. A high sorption performance nanofiber air filter comprising:
a support material;
a composite nanofiber filtration layer; the composite nano fiber filter layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of nano composite nano fiber layers on the surface of the support material, and each nano composite nano fiber layer comprises a first nano powder composite nano fiber, a second nano powder composite nano fiber and a third nano powder composite nano fiber.
2. The nanofiber air filter with high adsorbability of claim 1, wherein the support material comprises a non-woven fabric or paper, and the basis weight of the support material is 10-30 g/m2The range of (1).
3. The nanofiber air filter with high adsorbability according to claim 2, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a melt-blown nonwoven fabric, a spun-bonded nonwoven fabric, a hot-air nonwoven fabric, or an air-laid nonwoven fabric.
4. The air filter material of claim 1, wherein the first nanopowder composite nanofibers have an average fiber fineness of 40nm to 90nm, comprise a first water-soluble polymer and a nano metal oxide; wherein the nano metal oxide is TiO2And ZnO or a mixture thereof, wherein the first nano powder composite nano fiber contains nano metal oxide in a proportion of 0.5-5 wt%.
5. The air filter material of claim 4, wherein the first water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
6. The air filter material of claim 1, wherein the second nanopowder composite nanofibers have an average fiber fineness of 10-60 nm, comprise a second water-soluble polymer and a nano-adsorbent; wherein the nano adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, and the ratio of the nano adsorbent to the second nano powder composite nanofiber is 0.5-5 wt%.
7. The nanofiber air filter material with high adsorbability of claim 6, wherein the second water-soluble polymer can be chitin, chitosan derivatives or their mixture.
8. The air filter of claim 1, wherein the third nanopowder composite nanofibers have an average fiber fineness of 40-90 nm, and comprise a third water-soluble polymer, a nanocatalyst and a nanocatalyst, wherein the nanocatalyst is activated carbon, zeolite, apatite or a mixture thereof, and the nanocatalyst is ZnO, MnO or a mixture thereof2Or a mixture thereof, wherein the ratio of the nano catalyst and the nano adsorbent to the third nano powder composite nano fiber is 0.5-5 wt%, and the ratio of the nano catalyst to the nano catalyst and the nano adsorbent is between 10 wt% and 50 wt%.
9. The air filter of claim 8, wherein the third water-soluble polymer is nylon, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
10. The nanofiber air filter material with high adsorbability according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of layers is 3 to 12 layers.
11. The nanofiber air filter material with high adsorbability of claim 1, wherein the composite nanofiber filter layer has a basis weight of 0.1-1.5 g/m2。
12. The air filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 20 to 50 wt% of the first nano powder composite nano fiber, 10 to 30 wt% of the second nano powder composite nano fiber, and 20 to 50 wt% of the third nano powder composite nano fiber.
13. A method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorption performance comprises the following steps:
the composite nano-fiber filter layer is formed by depositing and laminating a plurality of nano-composite nano-fiber layers on the surface of a support material, wherein the nano-composite nano-fiber layer comprises a first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, a second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and a third nano-powder composite nano-fiber, and the first nano-powder composite nano-fiber, the second nano-powder composite nano-fiber and the third nano-powder composite nano-fiber are uniformly mixed by airflow or are respectively stacked in sequence to form the nano-composite nano-fiber layer.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first nanopowder composite nanofibers are spun by high electrostatic field and extended with air flow, the second nanopowder composite nanofibers are spun by high electrostatic field, and the third nanopowder composite nanofibers are spun by high electrostatic field and extended with air flow.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the sequential lamination comprises a first nanofiber layer, a second nanofiber layer, and a third nanofiber layer:
the first nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the supporting material and comprises a plurality of first nano powder composite nanofibers;
the second nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the first nanofiber layer and comprises a plurality of second nano powder composite nanofibers;
the third nanofiber layer is stacked on the surface of the second nanofiber layer, and the third nanofiber layer comprises a plurality of third nano powder composite nanofibers.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the plurality of layers is 3 to 12 layers.
17. The method for manufacturing a nanofiber air filter with high adsorbability according to claim 13, wherein the basis weight of the composite nanofiber filter layer is 0.1 to 1.5g/m2。
18. The method of claim 13, wherein the nano composite nano fiber layer comprises 20 to 50 wt% of the first nano powder composite nano fiber, 10 to 30 wt% of the second nano powder composite nano fiber, and 20 to 50 wt% of the third nano powder composite nano fiber.
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| TWM596322U (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-06-01 | 長豐紡織科技股份有限公司 | High performance nanofiber air filter |
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| CN106541683A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-29 | 东莞巨微新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air |
| CN108619827A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-09 | 佛山市日日圣科技有限公司 | A kind of nanofiber composite filtering film |
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