CN113965749A - Video transmission method and system for static camera - Google Patents
Video transmission method and system for static camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN113965749A CN113965749A CN202011467229.8A CN202011467229A CN113965749A CN 113965749 A CN113965749 A CN 113965749A CN 202011467229 A CN202011467229 A CN 202011467229A CN 113965749 A CN113965749 A CN 113965749A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
- H04N19/122—Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/20—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video object coding
- H04N19/23—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video object coding with coding of regions that are present throughout a whole video segment, e.g. sprites, background or mosaic
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Abstract
The invention provides a video transmission method and a video transmission system for a static camera, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a sending end obtains a plurality of original images shot by a static camera; the sending end trains the multiple original images to obtain a background image; the sending end carries out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image; the sending end carries out target detection and target rearrangement on the foreground image to obtain a converted image with the image size smaller than that of the foreground image; the transmitting end encodes the converted image and the background image to obtain an encoded file, and transmits the encoded file to the receiving end; the receiving end receives the coding file; and the receiving end decodes the encoded file and restores a corresponding original image. The method improves the compression efficiency of video compression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of video compression, and particularly relates to a video transmission method and a video transmission system for a static camera.
Background
Video compression (also referred to as video coding) is one of the key technologies in applications such as digital media storage and transmission, and aims to reduce the amount of data in storage and transmission by eliminating redundant information. All current mainstream video compression standards adopt a block-based predictive transform hybrid coding framework, that is, statistical redundancy (including spatial redundancy, temporal redundancy and information entropy redundancy) in video images is eliminated by methods such as prediction, transform and entropy coding, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing data volume. Most video compression techniques are currently non-application specific, i.e., applicable to a variety of applications including digital television, web video, mobile video, and so on. In recent years, with the expansion of the application range of digital video, the development of video compression technology aiming at the characteristics and special requirements of special applications (such as video monitoring) becomes a research direction with much attention.
Taking video surveillance applications as an example, most cameras in the system are deployed in fixed positions. The cameras in the system include still cameras, which are fixed in their pointing direction and focal length. The video collected by the static camera has the characteristics of fixed scene and no lens switching. For video monitoring application, the collected video has the characteristic of long time. By reasonably utilizing the prior knowledge, information redundancy in the video can be further eliminated, so that better compression performance is obtained.
The object-based video compression method separates each object in the video by adopting the technologies of background modeling, object detection, object tracking and the like, and further excavates information redundancy in the video by adopting different compression modes for different objects, thereby improving the compression efficiency. The object-based video compression method can be used for compressing videos collected by a static camera, and the existing object-based video compression method generally adopts a method of establishing a background model, such as establishing a background and separating a foreground. On the basis, a method for respectively coding the foreground and the background can be further adopted to improve the compression efficiency. However, the existing object-based video compression method is still poor in compression efficiency and cannot meet the application requirements of scenes such as video monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the video transmission method and the video transmission system of the static camera, and the compression efficiency of video compression is improved.
In a first aspect, a method for transmitting a video from a still camera includes the steps of:
a sending end obtains a plurality of original images shot by a static camera;
the sending end trains the multiple original images to obtain a background image;
the sending end carries out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image;
the sending end converts the foreground image to obtain a converted image of which the image size is smaller than that of the foreground image;
the transmitting end encodes the converted image and the background image to obtain an encoded file, and transmits the encoded file to the receiving end;
the receiving end receives the coding file;
and the receiving end decodes the encoded file and restores a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the compressing the foreground image by the sending end to obtain the converted image specifically includes:
the sending end carries out target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image;
rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
Preferably, the method for encoding the converted image by the sending end includes:
the sending end encodes the converted image to obtain a converted image encoding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
Preferably, the restoring, by the receiving end, the corresponding original image after decoding the encoded file specifically includes:
the receiving end decodes the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a decoded background image;
and merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the merging the decoded converted image and the background image to restore the corresponding original image specifically includes:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
In a second aspect, a video transmission system for a still camera includes a sending end and a receiving end;
the sending terminal is used for acquiring a plurality of original images shot by the static camera and training the original images to acquire a background image; the sending end is also used for carrying out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image, and converting the foreground image to obtain a converted image of which the image size is smaller than that of the foreground image; the sending end is also used for coding the converted image and the background image to obtain a coding file and transmitting the coding file to the receiving end;
and the receiving end is used for receiving the encoded file, decoding the encoded file and restoring a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the sending end is specifically configured to:
performing target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image; rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
Preferably, the sending end is specifically configured to:
coding the converted image to obtain a converted image coding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
Preferably, the receiving end is specifically configured to:
decoding the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a background image; and merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the receiving end is specifically configured to:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
According to the technical scheme, the video transmission method and the video transmission system of the static camera improve the compression efficiency of video compression.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a video transmission method of a still camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a video transmission method of a still camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of image conversion in a video transmission method of a still camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a still camera video transmission system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
The first embodiment is as follows:
a still camera video transmission method, see fig. 1 and 2, comprising the following steps:
s1: a sending end obtains a plurality of original images shot by a static camera;
s2: the sending end trains the multiple original images to obtain a background image;
specifically, the method obtains the background image by training a plurality of original images. The background image is an image obtained by removing the target from the original image.
S3: the sending end carries out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image;
specifically, the foreground image mainly includes all the objects in the original image.
S4: the method for converting the foreground image by the sending end to obtain a converted image with the image size smaller than that of the foreground image specifically comprises the following steps:
the sending end carries out target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image;
rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
Specifically, the target detection can be realized by adopting an HOG-SVM algorithm, a machine learning class Yolo-v3, a Faster R-CNN algorithm and the like. The detection strategy for target detection can be determined according to a specific use scene, for example, a specified detection strategy can be formulated for identifying different types of targets such as people, vehicles and the like in the original image. Referring to fig. 3, the scenario applied in fig. 3 is to video-monitor a person, so the target is set as a person. In fig. 3, when the foreground image is subjected to the target detection, 4 persons are identified to exist in the foreground image of fig. 3, and then the 4 persons are rearranged to obtain the converted image. During rearrangement, the minimum gap between the targets is ensured as much as possible, so that the converted image with the minimum size can be obtained.
Because the number of the effective pixels of the image in the foreground image is far less than that of the original image, the method carries out target detection on the foreground image, and compared with the method for directly carrying out target detection on the original image, the method has the advantage that the searching amount and the calculation amount in the target detection process are smaller.
In order to minimize the amount of data of the converted image, the optimal size of the converted image is the sum of the sizes of all objects. If the sum of the sizes of all the targets is still larger, the targets can be reduced and then transmitted to the receiving end, and the receiving end decompresses the converted image and then correspondingly amplifies the targets according to the reduction ratio. When all the objects are rearranged, the rearrangement strategy may be set so that the size of the converted image is approximately equal to the sum of the sizes of all the objects.
S5: the transmitting end encodes the converted image and the background image to obtain an encoded file, and transmits the encoded file to the receiving end; the method for encoding the converted image by the sending end comprises the following steps:
the sending end encodes the converted image to obtain a converted image encoding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
Specifically, the frame header metadata contains coordinate data (x, y, w, h, u, v) of each object, where x and y are coordinates of the object in the foreground image, w and h are width and height of the object, respectively, and u and v are coordinates of the object in the converted image, respectively. The method positions each target by defining the frame header metadata, is convenient for a receiver to extract each target according to the frame header metadata when decoding, and sticks the target to a specified position in a background image.
S6: the receiving end receives the coding file;
s7: after decoding the encoded file, the receiving end restores a corresponding original image, which specifically includes:
the receiving end decodes the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a decoded background image;
merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image, which specifically comprises:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
Specifically, after receiving the encoded file, the receiving end decodes the encoded file to restore the converted image and the background image, extracts all the targets from the decoded converted image according to u, v, w, h of the frame header metadata, and attaches the targets back to the decoded background image according to x, y of the frame header metadata, thereby restoring the original image.
When the method is used for transmission, the data coded by the conversion image is transmitted, and the size of the conversion image is far smaller than that of the foreground image, so that compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of smaller calculation amount and higher compression efficiency of video compression, and is suitable for video transmission under more scenes with higher requirements on transmission data amount.
Example two:
a still camera video transmission system, see fig. 4, includes a transmitting side and a receiving side;
the sending terminal is used for acquiring a plurality of original images shot by the static camera and training the original images to acquire a background image; the sending end is also used for carrying out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image, and converting the foreground image to obtain a converted image of which the image size is smaller than that of the foreground image; the sending end is also used for coding the converted image and the background image to obtain a coding file and transmitting the coding file to the receiving end;
and the receiving end is used for receiving the encoded file, decoding the encoded file and restoring a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the sending end is specifically configured to:
performing target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image; rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
Preferably, the sending end is specifically configured to:
coding the converted image to obtain a converted image coding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
Preferably, the receiving end is specifically configured to:
decoding the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a background image; and merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image.
Preferably, the receiving end is specifically configured to:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
For the sake of brief description, the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may refer to the corresponding content in the foregoing method embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A method for transmitting video from a still camera, comprising the steps of:
a sending end obtains a plurality of original images shot by a static camera;
the sending end trains the multiple original images to obtain a background image;
the sending end carries out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image;
the sending end converts the foreground image to obtain a converted image of which the image size is smaller than that of the foreground image;
the transmitting end encodes the converted image and the background image to obtain an encoded file, and transmits the encoded file to the receiving end;
the receiving end receives the coding file;
and the receiving end decodes the encoded file and restores a corresponding original image.
2. The method for transmitting a video by using a still camera according to claim 1, wherein the step of converting the foreground image by the transmitting end to obtain a converted image with an image size smaller than that of the foreground image specifically comprises:
the sending end carries out target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image;
rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
3. The still camera video transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the method of encoding the converted image by the transmitting end includes:
the sending end encodes the converted image to obtain a converted image encoding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
4. The method for transmitting the video of the still camera according to claim 3, wherein the step of restoring the corresponding original image after the receiving end decodes the encoded file specifically comprises:
the receiving end decodes the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a decoded background image;
and merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image.
5. The method for video transmission by a still camera according to claim 4, wherein the merging the decoded converted image and the background image to restore the corresponding original image specifically comprises:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
6. A video transmission system of a static camera is characterized by comprising a sending end and a receiving end;
the sending terminal is used for acquiring a plurality of original images shot by the static camera and training the original images to acquire a background image; the sending end is also used for carrying out differential operation on the original image and the background image to obtain a foreground image, and converting the foreground image to obtain a converted image of which the image size is smaller than that of the foreground image; the sending end is also used for coding the converted image and the background image to obtain a coding file and transmitting the coding file to the receiving end;
and the receiving end is used for receiving the encoded file, decoding the encoded file and restoring a corresponding original image.
7. The still camera video transmission system according to claim 6, wherein the sending end is specifically configured to:
performing target detection on the foreground image to obtain a plurality of targets in the foreground image; rearranging all objects to obtain the converted image.
8. The still camera video transmission system according to claim 7, wherein the sending end is specifically configured to:
coding the converted image to obtain a converted image coding frame;
the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame comprises coordinates of the target in the foreground image, the size of the target and the coordinates of the target in the converted image; the size of the target includes the height and width of the target.
9. The still camera video transmission system of claim 8, wherein the receiving end is specifically configured to:
decoding the encoded file to obtain a decoded conversion image and a background image; and merging the decoded conversion image and the background image to restore a corresponding original image.
10. The still camera video transmission system of claim 9, wherein the receiving end is specifically configured to:
extracting a conversion image coding frame in a coding file;
extracting all targets from the decoded conversion image according to the size of each target in frame header metadata of the conversion image coding frame and the coordinates of the targets in the conversion image;
and according to the coordinates of each target in the foreground image in the frame header metadata of the converted image coding frame, correspondingly attaching the target back to the decoded background image, and restoring the original image.
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