CN113964148B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113964148B CN113964148B CN202111241517.6A CN202111241517A CN113964148B CN 113964148 B CN113964148 B CN 113964148B CN 202111241517 A CN202111241517 A CN 202111241517A CN 113964148 B CN113964148 B CN 113964148B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission
- H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
- H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, belonging to the technical field of display, wherein the display panel comprises: a substrate base plate; a plurality of light emitting elements located on one side of the substrate base plate; the first organic layer is positioned on one side of the substrate close to the light-emitting element and covers the light-emitting element; the light path conversion structures are positioned on one side of the first organic layer, which is far away from the light-emitting elements, and are positioned between the adjacent light-emitting elements along the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate; the refractive index of the first organic layer is greater than the refractive index of the optical path conversion structure. The display device comprises the display panel. The invention can improve the color cast phenomenon caused by mixed light crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting elements, improve the display effect and effectively improve the display aperture ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device.
Background
Micro Light Emitting Diode (Micro LED) display technology is an emerging display technology, and refers to a high-density Micro-sized LED array integrated on a chip, in which each LED can be addressed and independently driven to Light, and the pixel distance is reduced from millimeter level to micron level. Compared with the traditional Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) Display, the Micro LED Display has many advantages, the power consumption of the Micro LED Display is only one tenth of that of the LCD, the Micro LED Display is self-luminous like the OLED Display, and the color saturation is close to that of the OLED Display. The Micro LED display screen can be reduced in size and weight, has the characteristics of high resolution, high brightness, high contrast, high color saturation, low power consumption, high reaction speed, thin thickness, long service life and the like, and is gradually the key research point in the technical field of display.
However, when the Micro LED display screen in the prior art realizes full-color, the light crosstalk between adjacent pixels is easily formed due to too small space between the light emitting units with different colors, and pixel light mixing is easily generated, thereby causing color cast and affecting the display effect.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the technical problem of the art to provide a display panel and a display device capable of improving the color shift phenomenon caused by crosstalk of mixed light between adjacent pixels and improving the display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a display panel and a display device to solve the problem that the display panel in the prior art is prone to generate pixel light mixing, thereby causing color cast and affecting the display effect.
The invention discloses a display panel, comprising: a base substrate; a plurality of light emitting elements located on one side of the substrate base plate; the first organic layer is positioned on one side of the substrate close to the light-emitting element and covers the light-emitting element; the light path conversion structures are positioned on one side of the first organic layer, which is far away from the light-emitting elements, and are positioned between the adjacent light-emitting elements along the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate; the refractive index of the first organic layer is greater than the refractive index of the optical path conversion structure.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also discloses a display device, which comprises the display panel.
Compared with the prior art, the display panel and the display device provided by the invention at least realize the following beneficial effects:
the display panel provided by the invention comprises a plurality of light path conversion structures, wherein in the direction vertical to the plane of the substrate base plate, the light path conversion structures are positioned on one side of the first organic layer far away from the light-emitting element, and along the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate, the light path conversion structures are positioned between the adjacent light-emitting elements, and the refractive index of the first organic layer is larger than that of the light path conversion structures, so that small-angle light rays of the light-emitting elements can be directly emitted from the right above the light-emitting elements, and large-angle light rays of the light-emitting elements can change the emitting direction after passing through the light path conversion structures. Because the refractive index of the first organic layer is greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure, the emergent light of the light-emitting element enters the light path conversion structure from the first organic layer, namely enters the optically sparse medium from the optically dense medium, so that the large-angle light of the original light-emitting element can be emitted in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate as far as possible after being refracted by the light path conversion structure, or after being converged, the included angle between the light finally emitted from the light-emitting surface of the display panel and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate can be reduced as far as possible, the color cast phenomenon caused by mixed light crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting elements can be improved, and the display effect is improved. And the invention can avoid using black matrix to shield the light of mixed light crosstalk after setting up the light path switching structure, therefore can promote the opening rate of display effectively. Because the light path conversion structure arranged between the adjacent light-emitting elements is used for light to be refracted inside the light path conversion structure, the light path conversion structure is generally of a transparent structure, the influence of the arrangement of the light path conversion structure on the aperture opening ratio of the display panel is small, and the aperture opening ratio can be ensured while the problem of mixed light crosstalk can be effectively solved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the present invention is practiced to specifically achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the light transmission analysis of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another planar structure of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the light transmission analysis of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the light transmission analysis of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C' of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration in the direction of C-C' of FIG. 11;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4;
FIG. 18 is a graph of the light transmission analysis of FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of an alternative cross-sectional configuration in the direction of C-C' of FIG. 11;
fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D' of FIG. 20;
fig. 22 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In a Micro Light Emitting Diode (Micro LED) display screen in the related art, since the Light Emitting direction of the Micro LED includes not only the front surface thereof but also the Light emitted from the sidewall thereof, light mixing is easily generated between adjacent Light Emitting units. In order to reduce the phenomenon of color shift caused by light mixing due to light emitted from the sidewalls of the Micro LED, a light-shielding Matrix, such as a Black Matrix BM (Black Matrix), is generally disposed above the light-emitting layer of the Micro LED for absorbing the light emitted from the sidewalls of the Micro LED. However, this structure may reduce the aperture ratio of the display panel (the aperture ratio refers to the ratio between the area of the part of each sub-pixel, except the signal line and the transistor blocked by the black matrix, through which light passes and the area of the whole sub-pixel, and the aperture ratio is higher, the efficiency of light passing is higher, and the ratio of the effective light-transmitting area to the whole area is called the aperture ratio), thereby affecting the light-emitting intensity and the display effect of the display panel.
Based on the above problem, the application provides a display panel and display device, when can guarantee to show the aperture opening ratio, can also improve the colour cast phenomenon that mixed light crosstalk led to the fact between adjacent pixel, promote display effect. Specific embodiments of the display panel and the display device proposed in the present application are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3 in combination, fig. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic plan view ofbase:Sub>A display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention (in order to clearly illustrate the structure of the present embodiment, transparency filling is performed in fig. 1), fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view along the directionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A' in fig. 1, fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A diagram of light transmission analysis in fig. 2, and the present embodiment providesbase:Sub>A display panel 000, including:
a base substrate 10 (not filled in the figure);
a plurality of light emitting elements 20 located on one side of the base substrate 10;
a first organic layer 30 located on one side of the base substrate 10 close to the light emitting element 20, wherein the first organic layer 30 covers the light emitting element 20;
a plurality of light path conversion structures 40, which are located on one side of the first organic layer 30 away from the light emitting elements 20, and the light path conversion structures 40 are located between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 along a direction parallel to the plane of the substrate 10;
the refractive index of the first organic layer 30 is greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure 40.
Specifically, the display panel 000 of the present embodiment includes the base substrate 10 used as a carrier substrate, and other components that realize the display function may be provided on the base substrate 10. A plurality of light emitting elements 20 may be disposed on one side of the substrate 10, optionally, the plurality of light emitting elements 20 may be arranged on the substrate 10 in an array, and further optionally, a driving circuit (e.g., a driving signal line, a driving transistor, not shown) for driving the light emitting elements 20 to emit light may be disposed on the substrate 10. The light emitting element 20 of the present embodiment may be any one of a Micro LED (Micro light emitting diode) or a Mini LED (sub-millimeter light emitting diode). The Micro light emitting diodes or sub-millimeter light emitting diode arrays are integrated on the substrate 10 at high density, so that the display panel 000 with high resolution can be formed, and the display panel 000 with the light emitting elements 20 made of Micro LEDs and Mini LEDs has the advantages of high light emitting efficiency, low energy consumption, high resolution and the like. In the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the base substrate 10, the side of the base substrate 10 close to the light emitting element 20 further includes a first organic layer 30, and optionally, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the base substrate 10, the first organic layer 30 is located on the side of the light emitting element 20 far from the base substrate 10, and in the direction parallel to the plane of the base substrate 10 (as the direction X illustrated in fig. 1 and 2), the first organic layer 30 is further filled between the two light emitting elements 20, so that the first organic layer 30 can cover the light emitting element 20 and protect the light emitting element 20. The first organic layer 30 of this embodiment may be a film made of an organic material, or may be an encapsulation layer that plays a role in encapsulating the light emitting element 20, or may also play a role in planarizing the surface of the side of the flat light emitting element 20 away from the substrate 10, or the first organic layer 30 may also be replaced by other materials, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and only needs to satisfy that the first organic layer 30 can cover the plurality of light emitting elements 20 on the substrate 10.
The display panel 000 of the embodiment further includes a plurality of light path conversion structures 40, and in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the plurality of light path conversion structures 40 are located on a side of the first organic layer 30 away from the light emitting element 20, optionally, the light path conversion structures 40 may be embedded in the entire first organic layer 30, so as to be beneficial to flattening the surface of the first organic layer 30 away from the substrate 10. The optical path conversion structure 40 is located between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 in a direction parallel to the plane of the base substrate 10; it is to be understood that for any two adjacent light emitting elements 20, such as the first light emitting element 201 and the second light emitting element 202 in fig. 2, the first light emitting element 201 includes a first edge (indicated by a point M in fig. 2) closest to the second light emitting element 202 in a direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate 10, the second light emitting element 202 includes a second edge (indicated by a point N in fig. 2) closest to the first light emitting element 201, and the light path conversion structure 40 is located between the two adjacent light emitting elements 20, which means that the light path conversion structure 40 is located between the first edge indicated by the point M and the second edge indicated by the point N in the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate 10.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the refractive index of the first organic layer 30 is set to be greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure 40, so that the low-angle light rays (such as light ray L1 in fig. 3, where the low-angle light rays may be understood as light rays emitted by the light emitting element 20 and having a smaller included angle with the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10) of the light emitting element 20 can be directly emitted from the right above the light emitting element 20, and the high-angle light rays (such as light ray L2 in fig. 3, where the high-angle light rays may be understood as light rays emitted by the light emitting element 20 and having a larger included angle with the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, such as some light rays emitted from the sidewall of the light emitting element 20 or some light rays emitted from the edge of the light emitting element 20) of the light emitting element 20 can change the emitting direction after passing through the light path conversion structure 40. Because the refractive index of the first organic layer 30 is greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure 40, the emergent light of the light emitting element 20 enters the light path conversion structure 40 from the first organic layer 30, which is equivalent to entering the optically thinner medium from the optically denser medium (the refraction angle is greater than the incident angle), so that the angle of the large-angle light L2 of the light emitting element 20 is converged after the refraction effect of the light path conversion structure 40, and the light is emitted in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 as much as possible, or after the angle is converged, the included angle between the light finally emitted from the light emitting surface E of the display panel 000 and the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 can be reduced as much as possible, and further, the color cast phenomenon caused by mixed light crosstalk between adjacent light emitting elements 20 can be improved, and the display effect can be improved. Moreover, the light path conversion structure 40 is arranged in the embodiment, so that the light rays of mixed light crosstalk can be prevented from being shielded by the black matrix, and the display aperture opening ratio can be effectively improved. Since the optical path conversion structure 40 disposed between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 is used for light refraction inside the light emitting elements, and is generally a transparent structure, the optical path conversion structure 40 has a small influence on the 000 aperture ratio of the display panel, so that the problem of crosstalk caused by light mixing can be effectively solved, and the aperture ratio can be ensured.
Optionally, in a part of the light incident from the first organic layer 30 to the light emitting element 20 of the light path conversion structure 40 in this embodiment, a total reflection phenomenon (for example, a phenomenon that when the light enters the optically thinner medium from the optically denser medium and the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the light is only reflected but not refracted on the surface of the medium) may occur on the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 due to a large incident angle, and the light is finally reflected back to the first organic layer 30 and exits from the light exit surface E of the display panel 000, or the light may be finally reflected back to the light emitting element 20 to be reused.
It is understood that the plurality of light path conversion structures 40 of the present embodiment may be a plurality of independently separated structures disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 as shown in fig. 1. Alternatively, a plurality of light path conversion structures 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 may also be connected to each other to be formed in the gap between the light emitting elements 20; as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is another schematic plane structure of the display panel according to the embodiment of the present invention (for clearly illustrating the structure of the present embodiment, transparency filling is performed in fig. 4), when the plurality of light emitting elements 20 are in an array arrangement structure with multiple rows and multiple columns (two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the row direction and/or the column direction may be light emitting elements with different colors), the plurality of light path converting structures 40 may be connected to each other between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 to form a structure with multiple strips crossing each other (which may be understood as a shape similar to a black matrix light bar in the related art, but the light path converting structure 40 of the present embodiment is transparent), so that the light path converting structure 40 may be satisfied between any two light emitting elements 20 adjacent obliquely in fig. 4, and the problem of light mixing between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in any direction may be further solved. Whether the plurality of light path conversion structures 40 are connected to each other in the display panel 000 is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and it is only necessary to have the light path conversion structure 40 between two adjacent light emitting elements 20.
It should be noted that the display panel 000 of the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the above structure, and may also include other structures capable of implementing the display function of the display panel, for example, one side of the light emitting surface E of the display panel 000 may further include a touch functional layer, a cover plate, and the like.
It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, the shape and the specific refractive index of the optical path conversion structure 40 are not specifically limited, and fig. 2 is only a block structure, and in a specific implementation, the shape of the optical path conversion structure 40 includes but is not limited to this, and other shapes that have refractive indexes smaller than that of the first organic layer 30 and can implement a convergent light angle may also be used, which is not described herein again.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4 and fig. 5-fig. 7 in combination, fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along the direction B-B 'in fig. 4, fig. 6 is a diagram of light transmission analysis in fig. 5, and fig. 7 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along the direction B-B' in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the plurality of light emitting elements 20 includes a first light emitting element 201 and a second light emitting element 202 which are adjacently disposed and have different colors;
the optical path conversion structure 40 includes a plurality of prism structures 401, and the plurality of prism structures 401 are arranged along a direction in which the first light emitting element 201 is directed to the second light emitting element 202 in a direction X parallel to the plane of the base substrate 10.
This embodiment explains that since color shift is serious and the influence on display is also large after crosstalk between light emitting elements 20 of different colors, two adjacent light emitting elements 20 provided with the optical path conversion structure 40 are light emitting elements 20 of different colors, such as the first light emitting element 201 and the second light emitting element 202 (which are distinguished by filling in different patterns) in fig. 5. The light path conversion structure 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in this embodiment may be a plurality of prism structures 401, and in a direction X parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, the plurality of prism structures 401 are arranged along the direction in which the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202, optionally, the prism structures 401 may be cone-shaped, the side surfaces of the cone of the prism structures 401 may implement refraction of light, so that the light is emitted after the angle of the light is reduced, or the light incident into the prism structures 401 may be totally reflected inside the prism structures 401 and then emitted after the angle is reduced, and finally, the light emitted from the light emitting surface E of the display panel 000 after passing through the light path conversion structure 40 is converged and converged, thereby improving the color shift phenomenon caused by crosstalk between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 and improving the display effect.
The plurality of prism structures 401 of this embodiment are arranged along the direction that the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202, and optionally, the plurality of prism structures 401 of this embodiment may be arranged sequentially along the direction that the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202, one adjacent prism structure 401 may be arranged (as shown in fig. 5), or there may be a small gap between adjacent prism structures 401, and the gap may still be filled with the first organic layer 30 with a large refractive index (as shown in fig. 7), so as to be beneficial to ensuring the stability of the film layer, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. The plurality of prism structures 401 of the present embodiment are arranged along the direction in which the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202, so that it can be ensured that the light rays emitted from the light emitting elements 20 at various angles can be refracted by the prism structures 401 as much as possible to change the final emission angle when reaching the gap between the adjacent light emitting elements 20, thereby further avoiding the occurrence of the light mixing phenomenon.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4 in combination with fig. 8 and fig. 9, fig. 8 is another schematic cross-sectional structure view along the direction B-B' in fig. 4, and fig. 9 is a light transmission analysis diagram in fig. 8, in this embodiment, along the direction from the first light emitting element 201 to the second light emitting element 202, the heights H of the plurality of prism structures 401 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 tend to increase first and then decrease.
The present embodiment explains that the optical path conversion structure 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 is a plurality of prism structures 401, and when the plurality of prism structures 401 are arranged along the direction in which the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202 in the direction X parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, the heights H of the plurality of prism structures 401 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 may be set to be different, and for the first light emitting element 201, the larger the angle of the outgoing light is (i.e. the larger the angle of the outgoing light with the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 is), the easier the outgoing light is to the range of the adjacent second light emitting element 202, and the easier the color mixing is caused, so the present embodiment sets the direction in which the first light emitting element 201 points to the second light emitting element 202, the heights H of the plurality of prism structures 401 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 are increased first and then decreased, so that the height H of the prism structure 401 in the most intermediate area between the first light emitting element 201 and the second light emitting element 202 in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 is increased, and the side wall of the second light emitting element 201, thereby the light emitting element 201 can be further improved the crosstalk effect of the light emitting element 20 can be displayed by the light emitting element 20 (the maximum crosstalk of the light emitting element 201 can be further improved).
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4 and fig. 10 in combination, fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B' in fig. 4, in this embodiment, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, a side of the first organic layer 30 away from the substrate 10 includes a glass cover plate 50, and a side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate 10 includes a prism structure 401.
This embodiment explains a structure that the optical path conversion structure 40 can be made of a glass material, and in the display panel 000, a glass cover plate 50 is generally disposed on a side close to the light exit surface E of the display panel 000 for protecting the display panel 000. Optionally, when the first organic layer 30 of this embodiment is used as an encapsulation layer or a planarization layer, the refractive index of the organic material selected for use may generally be greater than or equal to 1.5, and the refractive index of the material of the light path conversion structure 40 is smaller than 1.5, so that a refraction phenomenon from an optically dense medium to an optically sparse medium may occur when light enters the light path conversion structure 40, and angle convergence of the refracted light is achieved.
In the embodiment, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate 10, one side of the first organic layer 30 away from the substrate base plate 10 includes a glass cover plate 50, for example, the refractive index of organic glass (Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) is generally about 1.49, and the refractive index of the organic material of the first organic layer 30 used for encapsulation or planarization is generally above 1.5, so the light path conversion structure 40 can be directly manufactured by using the glass cover plate 50, that is, the light path conversion structure 40 can be manufactured by using processes such as etching between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 on the side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate base plate 10, and the light path conversion structure 40 is manufactured by multiplexing the glass cover plate 50, which is beneficial to improving the color shift phenomenon caused by crosstalk between the adjacent light emitting elements 20, improving the display effect, and simultaneously reducing the process steps and improving the process efficiency.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 11 and 12 in combination, fig. 11 is another schematic plane structure diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention (for clarity, the structure of the present embodiment is illustrated, transparency is filled in fig. 11), fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along the direction C-C' in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the light path conversion structure 40 is a plurality of first air cavities 402 in the shape of prisms.
The present embodiment explains that the light path conversion structure 40 may be an air cavity structure disposed on a side of the first organic layer 30 far from the light emitting element 20, the refractive index of the organic material of the first organic layer 30 used for encapsulation or planarization is generally above 1.5, and the refractive index of the light in the air is generally about 1, which satisfies that the refraction angle of the light from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium is larger than the incident angle, so that the large-angle light originally emitted from the light emitting element 20 can be converged after the refraction action of the light path conversion structure 40 of the air cavity structure, and emitted in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, or after the angle is converged, the included angle between the light finally emitted from the light emitting surface E of the display panel 000 and the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 can be reduced as much as possible, and the color shift phenomenon caused by the mixed light crosstalk between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 can be improved, thereby enhancing the display effect. Alternatively, the first air cavity 402 of the optical path conversion structure 40 may be provided as a plurality of prism-shaped structures as in the above-described embodiment. In the process of manufacturing the first air cavity 402, after the first organic layer 30 is manufactured, the surface of the first organic layer 30 far away from the substrate 10 is etched and hollowed, and the etching position is arranged between two adjacent light-emitting elements 20, so that the structure of the first air cavity 402 in a prism shape is manufactured.
It is understood that, in the embodiment, when the number of the structures of the prism-shaped first air cavity 402 is not specifically limited to be implemented, the number may be specifically set according to the distance between the light emitting elements 20 and the thickness of the first organic layer 30, and the description of the embodiment is omitted here. The first organic layer 30 of the present embodiment may further include a glass cover plate 50 on a side away from the base substrate 10 for protecting the structure of the display panel 000.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4 and 13 in combination, fig. 13 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along the direction B-B' in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 includes an arc surface 40A, and the arc surface 40A is recessed towards the direction away from the first organic layer 30 to form an arc surface 40A.
This embodiment explains that since color shift is serious and the influence on display is also large after crosstalk of mixed light between light emitting elements 20 of different colors, two adjacent light emitting elements 20 provided with the optical path conversion structure 40 are light emitting elements 20 of different colors, such as the first light emitting element 201 and the second light emitting element 202 (distinguished by filling in different patterns) in fig. 13. The light path conversion structure 40 of the present embodiment disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 may be a structure including the arc surface 40A. Specifically, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate 10, a surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 includes an arc surface 40A, and a surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 is recessed towards a direction away from the first organic layer 30 to form the arc surface 40A, which may be understood as a concave structure of the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30. In this embodiment, the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 is designed as a concave arc surface 40A, so that after the light rays at the arc surface 40A are refracted, the exit angle can be better reduced through the structure of the arc surface 40A, and finally the light rays exiting from the 000 light-emitting surface E of the display panel are converged and converged after passing through the light path conversion structure 40 including the arc surface 40A, so as to better improve the color shift phenomenon caused by the crosstalk of mixed light between adjacent light-emitting elements 20, and improve the display effect.
Optionally, with continuing to refer to fig. 4 and 13, a second air cavity 403 is included between the surface of the first organic layer 30 facing the optical path conversion structure 40 and the arc surface 40A in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate 10. The present embodiment further explains that when the optical path conversion structure 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 includes the arc surface 40A structure, an air cavity structure may be included between the arc surface 40A structure and the first organic layer 30, that is, in the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, a second air cavity 403 is included between the surface of the first organic layer 30 facing the optical path conversion structure 40 and the arc surface 40A, so that the manufacturing process of the first organic layer 30 may be simplified, and simultaneously, the second air cavity 403 with low refractive index, the optical path conversion structure 40 with low refractive index, and the arc surface 40A structure may cooperate together to better achieve the angle convergence of light after passing through the second air cavity 403 and the optical path conversion structure 40. Optionally, the refractive index of the first organic layer 30 of this embodiment may be set to be greater than the refractive index of air (that is, the refractive index of the first organic layer 30 is greater than the refractive index of the second air cavity 403), and the refractive index of the second air cavity 403 is greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure 40, so that after light that may be emitted to the adjacent light emitting element 20 region passes through the second air cavity 403 with a low refractive index, the light path conversion structure 40 with a low refractive index, and the structure of the arc surface 40A, the angle is further converged, so that the phenomenon of mixed light color cast does not occur between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 as far as possible, and the display effect is better improved.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4 and fig. 14 with continuing reference, fig. 14 is another schematic cross-sectional view along direction B-B' in fig. 4, in this embodiment, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, a surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 includes an arc surface 40A, and the arc surface 40A is recessed to form an arc surface 40A in a direction away from the first organic layer 30;
in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the surface of the first organic layer 30 facing the optical path conversion structure 40 includes a plurality of bumps 301, the bumps 301 are embedded in the arc surface 40A, and the bumps 301 are attached to the arc surface 40A.
The present embodiment explains that the light path conversion structure 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 may be a structure including the arc surface 40A. Specifically, in a direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate 10, a surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 includes an arc surface 40A, and a surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 is recessed towards a direction away from the first organic layer 30 to form the arc surface 40A, which may be understood as a concave structure of the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30. In this embodiment, the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 is designed as a concave arc surface 40A, so that after the light rays at the arc surface 40A are refracted, the exit angle can be better reduced through the structure of the arc surface 40A, and finally the light rays exiting from the 000 light-emitting surface E of the display panel are converged and converged after passing through the light path conversion structure 40 including the arc surface 40A, so as to better improve the color shift phenomenon caused by the crosstalk of mixed light between adjacent light-emitting elements 20, and improve the display effect. And a bump 301 matching with the arc surface 40A is disposed on a side of the first organic layer 30 facing the light path conversion structure 40, specifically, in a direction Z perpendicular to a plane where the substrate base plate 10 is located, a surface of the first organic layer 30 facing the light path conversion structure 40 includes a plurality of bumps 301, the bumps 301 are embedded in the arc surface 40A, and the bumps 301 are attached to the arc surface 40A, so that the first organic layer 30 and the light path conversion structure 40 can be stably attached to each other, and at the same time, the bumps 301 and the first organic layer 30 are of a high refractive index structure of the same material, the bumps 301 support the light path conversion structure 40, and convergence of light emitted from the 000 light emitting surface E of the display panel after passing through the light path conversion structure 40 including the arc surface 40A can be achieved, thereby avoiding color cast caused by crosstalk.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 11 and fig. 15 in combination, fig. 15 is another schematic cross-sectional structure in the direction of C-C' in fig. 11, and the optical path conversion structure 40 in this embodiment is a third air cavity 404.
This embodiment explains that since color shift is serious and the influence on display is also large after crosstalk of mixed light between light emitting elements 20 of different colors, two adjacent light emitting elements 20 provided with the optical path conversion structure 40 are light emitting elements 20 of different colors, such as the first light emitting element 201 and the second light emitting element 202 (distinguished by filling in different patterns) in fig. 15. The light path conversion structure 40 disposed between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in this embodiment may be a structure including an arc surface 40A, the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 is designed to be a concave arc surface 40A, so that after the light rays at the arc surface 40A are refracted, the exit angle can be better reduced through the arc surface 40A structure, and finally, the light rays exiting from the light exit surface 000E of the display panel after passing through the light path conversion structure 40 including the arc surface 40A converge, so as to better improve the color cast phenomenon caused by the crosstalk between the adjacent light emitting elements 20, and improve the display effect. Moreover, the optical path conversion structure 40 of the present embodiment is the third air cavity 404, that is, the optical path conversion structure 40 located on the side of the first organic layer 30 far from the substrate 10 is an air cavity structure, the optical path conversion structure 40 may not be a solid structure, because the refractive index of air is generally about 1, and the refractive index of the organic material of the first organic layer 30 used as a package or used as a planarization is generally above 1.5, the optical path conversion structure 40 is directly designed as the third air cavity 404, which can satisfy the light convergence angle between the adjacent light emitting elements 20, and can save the manufacturing material of the optical path conversion structure 40 while avoiding the mixed light crosstalk, thereby being beneficial to saving the manufacturing cost and reducing the manufacturing steps.
When manufacturing the optical path conversion structure 40 having the third air cavity 404 structure of this embodiment, the manufactured upper surface of the first organic layer 30 may be directly etched to form a shape having the bump 301 in a groove, and then the glass cover plate 50 is manufactured on the side of the first organic layer 30 away from the substrate 10, so as to manufacture the optical path conversion structure 40 having the air cavity structure with the arc surface 40A. It should be understood that the present embodiment is only an example of a manufacturing process of the optical path conversion structure 40, and the specific implementation includes, but is not limited to, this embodiment is not limited to this process.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 18, fig. 11, and fig. 19 in combination, where fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along the direction B-B ' in fig. 4, fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along the direction B-B ' in fig. 4, fig. 18 is a diagram of light transmission analysis in fig. 17, and fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure along the direction C-C ' in fig. 11, in this embodiment, the light path conversion structure 40 includes a first reflective layer 40B, and the first reflective layer 40B is disposed on the arc surface 40A.
In this embodiment, it is explained that the surface of the light path conversion structure 40 facing the first organic layer 30 may include the first reflective layer 40B, optionally, the first reflective layer 40B may be a metal coating layer and is disposed on the arc surface 40A of the light path conversion structure 40 by spraying or printing, or the first reflective layer 40B may also be a metal layer and is adhered to the arc surface 40A of the light path conversion structure 40 by an adhesive glue, and this embodiment does not specifically limit the specific manufacturing process of the first reflective layer 40B, and only needs to satisfy that the first reflective layer 40B is disposed on the arc surface 40A. The first reflective layer 40B of the present embodiment can reflect the large-angle light (for example, the light L5 in fig. 18) emitted from the sidewall or the edge of the light emitting element 20 back for recycling, so as to improve the light utilization ratio, and enhance the light extraction efficiency and the display effect.
In some alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 20 and 21 in combination, fig. 20 is another schematic plane structure diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention (for clarity, the structure of the present embodiment is illustrated, and transparency is filled in fig. 20), and fig. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along direction D-D' in fig. 20, in the present embodiment, in a direction Z perpendicular to a plane of the substrate 10, a side of the first organic layer 30 away from the substrate 10 includes a glass cover plate 50, a side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate 10 includes a plurality of light guiding microstructures 501, and a forward projection of the light guiding microstructures 501 to the substrate 10 is located within a forward projection range of the light emitting device 20 to the substrate 10;
a second reflective layer 60 is included on the base substrate 10 between adjacent light emitting elements 20.
This embodiment explains a structure that the optical path conversion structure 40 can be made of a glass material, and in the display panel 000, a glass cover plate 50 is generally disposed on a side close to the light exit surface E of the display panel 000 for protecting the display panel 000. In this embodiment, a plurality of light guiding microstructures 501 are disposed on one side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate base plate 10, and an orthogonal projection of the light guiding microstructures 501 to the substrate base plate 10 is located in an orthogonal projection range of the light emitting element 20 to the substrate base plate 10, that is, in a direction Z perpendicular to a plane of the substrate base plate 10, the light guiding microstructures 501 are located right above the position of the light emitting element 20, and the light guiding microstructures 501 homogenize small-angle light rays (such as light rays L1 in fig. 21, where the small-angle light rays can be understood as light rays with a smaller included angle formed between the light emitting element 20 and the direction Z perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate 10) of the light emitting element 20, so that light intensity emitted from the light emitting surface E of the display panel 000 above the glass cover plate 50 is uniform, which is beneficial to improving display effect.
Optionally, the plurality of light guiding microstructures 501 disposed on the side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate base plate 10 in this embodiment may include a plurality of bumps and/or a plurality of pits, which may be understood as a similar dot structure, and may form a bump or pit structure by directly coating dots or etching pits on the surface of the side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate base plate 10, further optionally, the bumps and the pits may be simultaneously arranged on the surface of the side of the glass cover plate 50 facing the substrate base plate 10 at intervals, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
In the embodiment, in the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate 10, the second reflective layer 60 is disposed on the substrate base plate 10 between the adjacent light emitting elements 20, in the process, the entire reflective film layer is exposed and developed to obtain the hollow area of the second reflective layer 60 corresponding to the light emitting element 20, and the hollow area is embedded on the light emitting element 20 when the second reflective layer 60 is manufactured, so that the second reflective layer 60 disposed between the adjacent light emitting elements 20 can be obtained. The second reflective layer 60 of the present embodiment is used for recycling the light that may be reflected to the substrate 10 by the light emitting element 20, so as to improve the light emitting efficiency and enhance the display effect.
In some optional embodiments, please refer to fig. 22, fig. 22 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the display device 111 according to the present embodiment includes the display panel 000 according to the above embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of fig. 22 is only an example of a mobile phone, and the display device 111 is described, it is understood that the display device 111 provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be another display device 111 having a display function, such as a computer, a television, and a vehicle-mounted display device, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The display device 111 provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects of the display panel 000 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and specific reference may be made to the specific description of the display panel 000 in the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the display panel and the display device provided by the present invention at least achieve the following beneficial effects:
the display panel provided by the invention comprises a plurality of light path conversion structures, wherein in the direction vertical to the plane of the substrate base plate, the light path conversion structures are positioned on one side of the first organic layer far away from the light-emitting element, and along the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate, the light path conversion structures are positioned between the adjacent light-emitting elements, and the refractive index of the first organic layer is larger than that of the light path conversion structures, so that small-angle light rays of the light-emitting elements can be directly emitted from the right above the light-emitting elements, and large-angle light rays of the light-emitting elements can change the emitting direction after passing through the light path conversion structures. Because the refractive index of the first organic layer is greater than the refractive index of the light path conversion structure, the emergent light of the light-emitting element enters the light path conversion structure from the first organic layer, namely enters the optically sparse medium from the optically dense medium, so that the large-angle light of the original light-emitting element can be converged after the refraction effect of the light path conversion structure, and is emergent in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate as far as possible, or after the angle is converged, the included angle between the light finally emergent from the emergent surface of the display panel and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate can be reduced as far as possible, the color cast phenomenon caused by mixed light crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting elements can be improved, and the display effect is improved. Moreover, the invention can avoid using black matrix to shield the light of mixed light crosstalk after arranging the light path conversion structure, thereby effectively improving the display aperture opening ratio. Because the light path conversion structure arranged between the adjacent light-emitting elements is used for light to be refracted inside the light-emitting elements and is generally a transparent structure, the influence of the arrangement of the light path conversion structure on the aperture opening ratio of the display panel is small, and the aperture opening ratio can be ensured while the problem of mixed light crosstalk can be effectively solved.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate base plate;
a plurality of light emitting elements located on one side of the substrate base plate;
the first organic layer is positioned on one side, close to the light-emitting element, of the substrate base plate, and the first organic layer covers the light-emitting element;
the light path conversion structures are positioned on one side, away from the light-emitting elements, of the first organic layer and positioned between the adjacent light-emitting elements along the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate base plate;
the refractive index of the first organic layer is greater than that of the optical path conversion structure;
in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate, the surface of the light path conversion structure facing to the first organic layer comprises an arc surface, and the surface of the light path conversion structure facing to the first organic layer is recessed towards the direction far away from the first organic layer to form the arc surface;
and in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate base plate, a second air cavity is formed between the surface of the first organic layer facing to one side of the light path conversion structure and the cambered surface.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the light path conversion structure comprises a first reflective layer disposed on the arc surface.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate base plate, a side of the first organic layer away from the substrate base plate comprises a glass cover plate, a side of the glass cover plate facing the substrate base plate comprises a plurality of light guide microstructures, and an orthogonal projection of the light guide microstructures to the substrate base plate is within an orthogonal projection range of the light emitting elements to the substrate base plate;
and a second reflecting layer is arranged on the substrate between the adjacent light-emitting elements.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the light guiding microstructures comprise a plurality of raised dots and/or a plurality of depressed dots.
5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first organic layer has a refractive index of 1.5 or more, and the optical path conversion structure has a refractive index of less than 1.5.
6. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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