CN113960255A - Multi-point ambient air monitoring method and system - Google Patents
Multi-point ambient air monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 372
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 275
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/26—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state with provision for intake from several spaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method, e.g. intermittent, or the display, e.g. digital
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-point ambient air monitoring method and a multi-point ambient air monitoring system. The method comprises the following steps: (10) extracting environmental air samples of all points at the same moment; (20) sequentially detecting each ambient air sample; (30) and outputting a detection result of the sampling moment. The system comprises sampling channels corresponding to each monitoring point position, each sampling channel is communicated with a detection air storage chamber (8), and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber (8) is communicated with a detector (10) through a detection pump (9); each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe (1), a two-way electromagnetic valve (2), a sampling gas storage chamber (3), a flow controller (4), a three-way electromagnetic valve (6) and an air pump (7) which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline (5); and each round of the detector (10) detects the ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to a multipoint ambient air monitoring method and system.
Background
In order to effectively control environmental pollution and discover the environmental pollution source in time, more and more places, such as industrial parks, particularly chemical parks, need to carry out real-time sampling, detection and analysis on environmental air components at different points in the area, such as characteristic factors of methane, non-methane total hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide and the like, so as to discover the pollution condition in time and accurately locate the pollution source.
The Chinese patent application 'multipoint gas monitoring device' (application number: 201711204959.7, published as 2018.3.9) discloses a multipoint gas monitoring device, which comprises a selection sampling cylinder, a plurality of sampling connecting pipes, a rotary connecting pipe, a driving part, a first gas detection unit, a first power unit and a second power unit, wherein one end of each of the plurality of sampling connecting pipes is arranged on the gas inlet surface of the selection sampling cylinder, and forms a circle, one end of the rotary connecting pipe is contacted with the air inlet surface of the selection sampling cylinder, the other end is communicated with the first gas detection unit, the driving part is in driving connection with the rotary connecting pipe, the air inlet end for driving the rotary connecting pipe rotates around a circle formed by the plurality of sampling connecting pipes on the air inlet surface, the rotary connecting pipe and each sampling connecting pipe are sequentially communicated, the first power unit is connected with the selective sampling barrel, and the second power unit is connected in an air path communicated with the rotary connecting pipe.
The device can carry out uninterrupted sampling detection on the components of the gas at different positions, such as the content of water and oxygen, harmful gas, cleanliness and the like through one detection instrument. However, the distances between each monitoring point of the monitored area and the monitoring device are different, so that the lengths of the sampling pipes are different, and the same sampling device is difficult to acquire the ambient air of different detected points at the same time point. To accurately trace back and locate the pollution source, the gas parameters at the same time at different monitoring points must be obtained.
Therefore, the prior art has the problems that: when monitoring and detecting a plurality of monitoring points, the gas samples at the same time point of each monitoring point are difficult to detect and analyze, so that the pollution source cannot be timely and accurately traced back and positioned.
In addition, when a detecting instrument is used for performing itinerant detection monitoring on a plurality of monitoring points, how to improve the detection efficiency on the premise of ensuring the detection accuracy is also an urgent problem to be solved in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-point ambient air monitoring method, which is used for detecting and analyzing ambient air samples at the same time point of all monitoring points, has accurate and timely detection results, and is favorable for backtracking and positioning pollution sources.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-point ambient air monitoring system, which has accurate and timely detection results.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-point ambient air monitoring method is used for performing itinerant detection on ambient air samples of a plurality of monitoring points through at least one detector, each monitoring point is communicated with a detection point through at least one sampling pipe, and the method comprises the following steps:
(10) extracting environmental air samples at the same time of each point: simultaneously, sampling and air extracting are started from one end, far away from the monitoring point position, of each sampling pipe, and the ambient air samples at the same sampling time of each monitoring point position are obtained;
(20) sequentially detecting each ambient air sample: sequentially detecting ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point;
(30) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and after the detection of the ambient air samples of all the monitoring point locations is finished, outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point locations at the same sampling moment.
The technical solution for realizing another purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-point ambient air monitoring system is used for performing itinerant detection on ambient air samples of a plurality of monitoring points, each monitoring point corresponds to at least one sampling passage, each sampling passage is communicated with a detection air storage chamber, and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber is communicated with a detector through a detection pump; each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe, a two-way electromagnetic valve, a sampling gas storage chamber, a flow controller, a three-way electromagnetic valve and an air pump which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline; the inlet end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the outlet end of the flow controller, the first outlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the inlet of the air pump, and the second outlets of all paths of electromagnetic valves are communicated with the same detection air storage chamber; and each round of the detector detects the ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the detection result is accurate and timely: the gas samples of a plurality of monitoring points at the same time point can be obtained: the method for simultaneously evacuating the original gas in the sampling pipeline is adopted, so that the gas samples reaching different monitoring point positions of the detection instrument are all samples at the same moment, the gas samples at the same time point of a plurality of monitoring point positions can be obtained, the itinerant detection results of the plurality of monitoring point positions are accurate and timely, and the method is favorable for backtracking and positioning pollution sources;
2. the routing inspection efficiency is high: according to the invention, the arrival time of the samples collected at the same moment at each monitoring point is reasonably controlled according to the detection time of the detector for each ambient air sample, so that the time for completing one-round detection of all the monitoring points can be effectively shortened, the next round of detection is convenient to carry out, the monitoring density is improved, and the inspection efficiency is improved. And the improvement of the monitoring density is more beneficial to timely and accurately backtracking and positioning the pollution source. The detector can also be used for effectively resting and prolonging the service life through intermittent detection.
3. The sampling precision is high: according to the invention, the internal volume of the sampling passage is obtained according to the relatively fixed length and the internal diameter of the sampling pipe, and the air extraction time is controlled according to the air extraction amount of the sampling passage, so that the accurate and synchronous time of sampling the obtained ambient air sample is ensured, and the sampling precision is high; particularly, after the sampling gas storage chamber is additionally arranged at one end of the sampling pipe far away from the monitoring point position, the sampling result is more stable and reliable.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a main flow diagram of the multi-point ambient air monitoring method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a first step of the same-time ambient air sampling scheme of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the step of extracting the ambient air samples at the same time at various points in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a third step of the same-time ambient air sample extraction process of fig. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-site ambient air monitoring system according to the present invention.
In the figure, a sampling probe 1, a two-way electromagnetic valve 2, a sampling air storage chamber 3, a flow controller 4, a sampling pipeline 5, a three-way electromagnetic valve 6, an air pump 7, a detection air storage chamber 8, a detection pump 9 and a detector 10.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-point ambient air monitoring method of the present invention is used for performing a round inspection on ambient air samples at a plurality of monitoring points by using at least one inspection device, each monitoring point is communicated with a detection point by using at least one sampling tube, and when performing a same round of inspection on monitoring points distributed at different geographical positions in an inspection area, the detected ambient air samples are extracted from a same sampling time.
The method comprises the following steps:
(10) extracting environmental air samples at the same time of each point: simultaneously, sampling and air extracting are started from one end, far away from the monitoring point position, of each sampling pipe, and the ambient air samples at the same sampling time of each monitoring point position are obtained;
(20) sequentially detecting each ambient air sample: sequentially detecting ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point;
(30) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and after the detection of the ambient air samples of all the monitoring point locations is finished, outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point locations at the same sampling moment.
The method has the advantages that the detector is adopted to monitor the monitoring point positions distributed at different geographical positions in the monitoring area, on one hand, the number of the detectors can be saved, and more importantly, the consistency of data of the monitored monitoring point positions can be ensured by using the same detector, so that the timeliness and the accuracy of backtracking and positioning of the pollution source are improved.
When the plurality of monitoring point locations are subjected to one-round detection, because the distances between each monitoring point location and the detection point are different, the following different technical schemes can be adopted for extracting the ambient air sample at the same sampling moment so as to obtain different technical effects.
Scheme one
Adjusting the airflow of each sampling passage to ensure that the airflow speed of the sampling passage is in direct proportion to the length of the tube, namely, the airflow speed of the far sampling passage is high, and the airflow speed of the near sampling passage is low; ensuring that the gas at one end of each path reaches the other end simultaneously;
according to the gas flow, air extraction is started from one end, far away from the monitoring point, of each sampling pipe, and according to the time that the sampling gas flow of any sampling passage reaches the detection point, air extraction of each passage is stopped at the same time.
And the air in one end of each sampling tube, which is far away from the monitoring point location, is an ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air.
As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps:
(111) adjusting the air flow: respectively adjusting the airflow of each sampling passage according to the length of each sampling pipe, so that the airflow speed of each sampling passage is in direct proportion to the length of each sampling pipe;
(112) and simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started: simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started from one end of each sampling pipe far away from the monitoring point position;
(113) simultaneously stopping air extraction: when the sampling airflow of any sampling passage reaches a detection point, stopping sampling and air suction of each passage at the same time; at this time, the air in one end of each sampling tube far away from the monitoring point location is an environmental air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air.
The scheme is characterized in that:
before sampling and air exhaust, each path is respectively exhausted, and the air flow is adjusted, so that the air flow speed of each sampling path is in direct proportion to the length of the sampling tube. When sampling and air exhaust are carried out, air exhaust is started at each monitoring point at the same time, and air exhaust is stopped at the same time point. So that the samples of each path start at the same time and arrive at the same time. Therefore, any path of sample can be detected according to the requirement, and each path of sample can be detected simultaneously.
Each sampling passage is provided with an air suction pump.
And all the air pumps are started and stopped simultaneously, so that the air pump is convenient to manage.
The hardware system is shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 5, in the multi-point ambient air monitoring system of the present invention, each monitoring point corresponds to at least one sampling channel, each sampling channel is communicated with the detection air storage chamber 8, and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber 8 is communicated with the detector 10 through the detection pump 9.
Each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe 1, a two-way electromagnetic valve 2, a sampling gas storage chamber 3, a flow controller 4, a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and an air pump 7 which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline 5.
The inlet end of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the outlet end of the flow controller 4, the first outlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the air pump 7, and the second outlets of the electromagnetic valves 6 are communicated with the same detection air storage chamber 8.
The working process of the multi-point environment air monitoring system is as follows:
(1001) adjusting the air flow: respectively opening the two-way electromagnetic valve 2 of each sampling passage, opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, starting the air pump 7 of the passage, and adjusting the air flow of the sampling passage by using the flow controller 4 according to the length of the sampling pipe of the passage to enable the air flow speed of each sampling passage to be in direct proportion to the length of the sampling pipe; stopping each air pump 7;
(1002) and simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started: simultaneously starting the air pump 7 of each sampling passage to start air pumping of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air pumping quantity of each sampling passage by the flow controller 4;
(1003) simultaneously stopping air extraction: when the sampling air flow of any sampling passage reaches a detection point, stopping the air pumps 7 of all the passages at the same time; at this time, the air in one end of each sampling tube far away from the monitoring point location is the ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air.
The time of the sampling airflow reaching the detection point can be calculated and determined according to the relationship between the length of the sampling pipe of any sampling passage and the airflow and the inner diameter of the pipeline. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail.
The air suction pumps 7 of all the sampling passages are started and stopped simultaneously, the control is simple, the service lives of all the pumps are equal, and the maintenance is simple. All the paths of ambient air samples arrive at the same time, and one path of advanced detection can be selected at will. This option provides the flexibility of detection priority, particularly when the detection at the last moment reveals that one or more of the pathways is abnormal and requires special attention.
(1004) Testing an ambient air sample as required: randomly selecting a sampling passage to be detected, opening a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 of the sampling passage, opening a two-way electromagnetic valve 2 and a flow controller 4, starting a detection pump 9, and sending sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber 3 of the sampling passage into a detector 10 for detection through a detection air storage chamber 8;
(1005) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished. And the next round of sampling and detection can be carried out.
By implementing continuous monitoring, when a monitoring result of a certain monitoring point location is abnormal, the monitoring result can be traced back timely and accurately according to the difference between the monitoring result and other point locations and the record of the change along with time, so that the pollution source is accurately positioned.
The system of the invention can realize continuous monitoring of a plurality of monitoring point positions and the same time point position by only using one detector, and the cost of the detector accounts for the maximum in the detection system, thereby saving the hardware investment. And by simultaneous sampling and itinerant detection, the pollution source can be found in time and traced back accurately.
Scheme two
Simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
and stopping the air suction of the sampling passage when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage.
The air in one end of the sampling tube, which is far away from the monitoring point location, is an ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air.
As shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
(121) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of each sampling pipe, and calculating the inner volume of each sampling passage according to the length and the inner diameter;
(122) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe far away from the monitoring point position, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
(123) respectively stopping air extraction: and when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air suction of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is the ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point position starts air suction.
The scheme is characterized in that:
and simultaneously, air exhaust is started, and the air exhaust is stopped at different time points according to different distances of monitoring points. The samples are sent out simultaneously and do not necessarily arrive at the same time.
Each path is provided with an air pump independently.
The hardware system is also shown in fig. 5. The system is the same as the second hardware system of the first scheme, but the operation mode is different. The flow rate does not need to be adjusted first. When the pipe diameters of the paths are the same, the flow is equal, and the stopping of the pump is controlled through the air pumping time length, so that the samples reaching the tail end of the sampling pipe are guaranteed to be collected at the same time although the reaching time is different.
As shown in fig. 5, in the multi-point ambient air monitoring system of the present invention, each monitoring point corresponds to at least one sampling channel, each sampling channel is communicated with the detection air storage chamber 8, and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber 8 is communicated with the detector 10 through the detection pump 9.
Each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe 1, a two-way electromagnetic valve 2, a sampling gas storage chamber 3, a flow controller 4, a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and an air pump 7 which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline 5.
The inlet end of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the outlet end of the flow controller 4, the first outlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the air pump 7, and the second outlets of the electromagnetic valves 6 are communicated with the same detection air storage chamber 8.
The working process of the multi-point environment air monitoring system is as follows:
(2001) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of a sampling pipe 5 of each sampling passage from the sampling probe 1 to the sampling gas storage chamber 3, calculating the inner volume of the sampling pipe, and adding the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 to obtain the inner volume of each sampling passage;
the internal volume of the sampling passage comprises the internal volume of the sampling pipe and the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber;
the sampling pipe internal volume is calculated according to the length and the inner diameter of the sampling pipe 5.
The length of the sampling pipeline 5 according to the volume in the sampling pipe is calculated, only the length from the sampling probe 1 to the inlet of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 is calculated, and the length of the pipeline behind the outlet of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 is not calculated, so that the accuracy is improved.
One end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is connected with an inlet of the sampling gas storage chamber. Accordingly, the internal volume of each sampling passage is calculated to include the volume of the sampling tube and the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber. Because the time fluctuation of gas components is larger, the tail end of the sampling pipe is replaced by the gas storage chamber with larger inner diameter, so that the sampling result is more stable and reliable.
(2002) And simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: opening the two-way electromagnetic valve 2, and opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6; simultaneously starting the air pump 7 of each sampling passage, starting air extraction of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air extraction amount of each sampling passage by the flow controller 4;
(2003) respectively stopping air extraction: when the air pumping amount of a certain sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping the air pump 7 of the passage, closing the two-way electromagnetic valve 2 and the flow controller 4 of the passage, and stopping the air pumping of the sampling passage; the air in the sampling air storage chamber in the sampling passage is an ambient air sample at the air extraction starting moment of the monitoring point;
the internal diameter of each sampling pipe can be the same to reduce construction cost and maintenance degree of difficulty.
The internal diameter of each sampling pipe also can not be the same, for example, the sampling pipe that length is long adopts less pipe diameter to make simultaneously begin to bleed the back, the time that stops bleeding is roughly the same, in order to reduce the cycle of patrolling and examining to all monitoring point positions, can also make air exhaust device working life roughly equal simultaneously, reduces the maintenance cost of this type of equipment.
As can be seen from the above steps, the time points of stopping air extraction of the sampling passages are different due to different internal volumes of the sampling passages, but the time points of starting air extraction are consistent, so as to ensure that the environmental air samples stored in the sampling air storage chambers 3 are collected at the same time.
(2004) Testing an ambient air sample as required: randomly selecting a sampling passage to be detected, opening a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 of the sampling passage, opening a two-way electromagnetic valve 2 and a flow controller 4, starting a detection pump 9, and sending sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber 3 of the sampling passage into a detector 10 for detection through a detection air storage chamber 8;
since the time for the ambient air sample to reach the detection point is different, the sample that arrives first can be detected preferably according to the sequence in which the air pump 7 stops.
(2005) Outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished. And the next round of sampling and detection can be carried out.
By implementing continuous monitoring, when a monitoring result of a certain monitoring point location is abnormal, the monitoring result can be traced back timely and accurately according to the difference between the monitoring result and other point locations and the record of the change along with time, so that the pollution source is accurately positioned.
The system of the invention can realize continuous monitoring of a plurality of monitoring point positions and the same time point position by only using one detector, and the cost of the detector accounts for the maximum in the detection system, thereby saving the hardware investment. And by simultaneous sampling and itinerant detection, the pollution source can be found in time and traced back accurately.
Scheme three
The scheme is further improved on the basis of the scheme II.
According to the time required by the detector for sequentially detecting each point from the first monitoring point position and the pipe length of each sampling passage, adjusting the air flow of each sampling passage to make the air flow speed of the sampling passage consistent with the pipe length and the required detection time point, namely when the monitoring point position is detected, the ambient air sample just arrives and is collected from the same time as the ambient air samples of other monitoring point positions;
simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
and when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air suction of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is the ambient air sample at the moment when the air suction of the monitoring point position starts.
As shown in fig. 4, the method comprises the following steps:
(131) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of each sampling pipe, and calculating the inner volume of each sampling passage according to the length and the inner diameter;
(132) acquiring adjustment parameters: acquiring the time required by the detector for sequentially detecting each point from the first monitoring point position according to the tube length of each sampling channel; calculating the flow of each path of gas;
(133) adjusting the air flow: according to the method, the air flow of each sampling channel is respectively adjusted to be equal to the calculated air flow of the channel;
(134) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
(135) stopping air extraction: when the air pumping amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air pumping of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is an ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point position starts air pumping; the monitoring point is also detected exactly at the same time, and the ambient air samples of other monitoring points are taken at the same time.
The scheme is characterized in that:
and simultaneously, air exhaust is started, and the air exhaust is stopped at different time points according to different distances of monitoring points and different time for inspection.
When the air exhaust is stopped, the detection is just performed on the road. And starting all the paths of samples at the same time, and arriving at the same path of samples in a time-sharing manner according to the time point required by detection. Thereby the cycle of the loop detection can be shortened.
In the method, each path is independently provided with an air pump. The hardware system is shown in fig. 5. The same as the second scheme. The difference is in the setting of the flow controller 4.
As shown in fig. 5, in the multi-point ambient air monitoring system of the present invention, each monitoring point corresponds to at least one sampling channel, each sampling channel is communicated with the detection air storage chamber 8, and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber 8 is communicated with the detector 10 through the detection pump 9.
Each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe 1, a two-way electromagnetic valve 2, a sampling gas storage chamber 3, a flow controller 4, a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and an air pump 7 which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline 5.
The inlet end of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the outlet end of the flow controller 4, the first outlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the air pump 7, and the second outlets of the electromagnetic valves 6 are communicated with the same detection air storage chamber 8.
The working process of the multi-point environment air monitoring system is as follows:
(3001) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of a sampling pipe 5 of each sampling passage from the sampling probe 1 to the sampling gas storage chamber 3, calculating the inner volume of the sampling pipe, and adding the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 to obtain the inner volume of each sampling passage;
the internal volume of the sampling passage comprises the internal volume of the sampling pipe and the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber;
the sampling pipe internal volume is calculated according to the length and the inner diameter of the sampling pipe 5.
The length of the sampling pipeline 5 according to the volume in the sampling pipe is calculated, only the length from the sampling probe 1 to the inlet of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 is calculated, and the length of the pipeline behind the outlet of the sampling gas storage chamber 3 is not calculated, so that the accuracy is improved.
One end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is connected with an inlet of the sampling gas storage chamber. Accordingly, the internal volume of each sampling passage is calculated to include the volume of the sampling tube and the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber. Because the time fluctuation of gas components is larger, the tail end of the sampling pipe is replaced by the gas storage chamber with larger inner diameter, so that the sampling result is more stable and reliable;
(3002) acquiring adjustment parameters: acquiring the time required for the detector to sequentially detect each point from the first monitoring point position according to the tube length of each sampling channel; calculating the flow of each path of gas;
(3003) adjusting the air flow: respectively opening the two-way electromagnetic valves 2 of each sampling passage, opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, starting the air pump 7 of the passage, respectively adjusting the air flow of each sampling passage by using the flow controller 4 according to the length of the sampling pipe of the passage to enable the air flow to be equal to the calculated air flow of the passage, namely adjusting the air flow of the sampling passage to enable the air flow speed of each sampling passage to be matched with the length of the sampling pipe and the required arrival time of the sampling gas; stopping each air pump 7;
(3004) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: opening the two-way electromagnetic valve 2, and opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6; simultaneously starting the air pump 7 of each sampling passage, starting air extraction of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air extraction amount of each sampling passage by the flow controller 4;
(3005) stopping air extraction: when the air pumping amount of a certain sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping the air pump 7 of the passage, closing the two-way electromagnetic valve 2 and the flow controller 4 of the passage, and stopping the air pumping of the sampling passage; the air in the sampling air storage chamber in the sampling passage is an ambient air sample at the air extraction starting moment of the monitoring point;
when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air suction of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point location, is an ambient air sample at the moment when the air suction of the monitoring point location starts; simultaneously, the monitoring point location is just detected, and the environmental air samples of other monitoring point locations are taken at the same time;
from the above steps, the time point of stopping air extraction of each sampling passage is set as required according to the detection time length of each point position of the detector, and the time points of starting air extraction are consistent, so that the environmental air samples stored in the sampling air storage chambers 3 are ensured to be collected at the same time. And accurate and effective control is relatively easily realized by monitoring the air extraction amount.
(3006) Testing an ambient air sample as required: according to the set sequence, a sampling passage to be detected is selected, a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve 6 of the sampling passage are opened, a two-way electromagnetic valve 2 and a flow controller 4 are opened, a detection pump 9 is started, and sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber 3 of the sampling passage is sent to a detector 10 for detection through a detection air storage chamber 8;
because the time sequence of the environmental air samples reaching the detection points is preset, the waiting time of detection of different point locations is reduced, and the total time of detecting the environmental air samples of all the monitored point locations is shortened to the maximum extent.
(3007) Outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished. And the next round of sampling and detection can be carried out.
The scheme accurately sets and controls the time for each path of ambient air sample to reach the detection point according to the time required by the detector for sequentially detecting each point from the first monitoring point position, greatly shortens the total time for each round of inspection, improves the efficiency of inspection, and can effectively increase the inspection frequency of a plurality of monitoring point positions so as to find and accurately position the pollution source in time.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-point ambient air monitoring method is used for performing itinerant detection on ambient air samples of a plurality of monitoring points through at least one detector, each monitoring point is communicated with a detection point through at least one sampling pipe, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(10) extracting environmental air samples at the same time of each point: simultaneously, sampling and air-extracting are carried out from one end of each sampling pipe far away from the monitoring point position, and the environment air sample at the same sampling moment of each monitoring point position is obtained;
(20) sequentially detecting each ambient air sample: sequentially detecting ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point;
(30) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and after the detection of the ambient air samples of all the monitoring point locations is finished, outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point locations at the same sampling moment.
2. The multi-point ambient air monitoring method of claim 1, wherein said step (10) of sampling ambient air at each point at the same time comprises:
(111) adjusting the air flow: respectively adjusting the airflow of each sampling passage according to the length of each sampling pipe to enable the airflow speed of each sampling passage to be in direct proportion to the length of each sampling pipe;
(112) and simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started: simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started from one end of each sampling pipe far away from the monitoring point position;
(113) simultaneously stopping air extraction: when the sampling airflow of any sampling passage reaches a detection point, stopping sampling and air suction of each passage at the same time; at this time, the air in one end of each sampling tube far away from the monitoring point location is the ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air.
3. The multi-point ambient air monitoring method of claim 1, wherein said step (10) of sampling ambient air at each point at the same time comprises:
(121) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of each sampling pipe, and calculating the inner volume of each sampling passage according to the length and the inner diameter;
(122) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
(123) respectively stopping air extraction: and when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air suction of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is the ambient air sample at the moment when the air suction of the monitoring point position starts.
4. The multi-point ambient air monitoring method of claim 1, wherein said step (10) of sampling ambient air at each point at the same time comprises:
(131) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of each sampling pipe, and calculating the inner volume of each sampling passage according to the length and the inner diameter;
(132) acquiring adjustment parameters: acquiring the time required by the detector for sequentially detecting each point from the first monitoring point position according to the tube length of each sampling channel; calculating the flow of each path of gas;
(133) adjusting the air flow: according to the method, the air flow of each sampling channel is respectively adjusted to be equal to the calculated air flow of the channel;
(134) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: simultaneously, air is extracted from one end of each sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point, and the air extraction amount of each sampling passage is monitored;
(135) stopping air extraction: and when the air suction amount of the sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping air suction of the sampling passage, wherein the air in one end of the sampling pipe, which is far away from the monitoring point position, is the ambient air sample at the moment when the air suction of the monitoring point position starts.
5. The utility model provides a multiple spot position ambient air monitoring system for the ambient air sample to a plurality of monitoring positions is gone on the tour and is detected, and each monitoring position corresponds at least sampling access all the way, its characterized in that:
each sampling passage is communicated with a detection air storage chamber (8), and an outlet of the detection air storage chamber (8) is communicated with a detector (10) through a detection pump (9);
each sampling passage comprises a sampling probe (1), a two-way electromagnetic valve (2), a sampling gas storage chamber (3), a flow controller (4), a three-way electromagnetic valve (6) and an air pump (7) which are sequentially communicated through a sampling pipeline (5);
the inlet end of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is communicated with the outlet end of the flow controller (4), the first outlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is communicated with the inlet of the air pump (7), and the second outlets of all paths of electromagnetic valves (6) are communicated with the same detection air storage chamber (8);
and each round of the detector (10) detects the ambient air samples at the same moment of each monitoring point.
6. The multi-site ambient air monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
(1001) adjusting the air flow: respectively opening the two-way electromagnetic valves (2) of each sampling passage, opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6), starting the air pump (7) of the passage, and adjusting the air flow of the sampling passages by using the flow controller (4) according to the length of the sampling pipes of the passage to enable the air flow speed of each sampling passage to be in direct proportion to the length of the sampling pipes; stopping each air pump (7);
(1002) and simultaneously, sampling and air exhaust are started: simultaneously starting the air pump (7) of each sampling passage, starting air extraction of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air extraction amount of each sampling passage by the flow controller (4);
(1003) simultaneously stopping air extraction: when the sampling air flow of any sampling passage reaches a detection point, all the air pumps (7) are stopped simultaneously; at the moment, the air in one end of each sampling tube, which is far away from the monitoring point location, is an ambient air sample at the moment when the monitoring point location starts to pump air;
(1004) testing an ambient air sample as required: randomly selecting a sampling passage to be detected, opening a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve (6) of the sampling passage, opening a two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and a flow controller (4), starting a detection pump (9), and sending sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber (3) of the sampling passage into a detector (10) for detection through a detection air storage chamber (8);
(1005) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished.
7. The multi-site ambient air monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
(2001) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of a sampling pipe (5) of each sampling passage from a sampling probe (1) to a sampling gas storage chamber (3), calculating the inner volume of the sampling pipe, and adding the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber (3) to obtain the inner volume of each sampling passage;
(2002) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: opening the two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6); simultaneously starting the air pump (7) of each sampling passage, starting air extraction of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air extraction amount of each sampling passage by the flow controller (4);
(2003) respectively stopping air extraction: when the air suction amount of a certain sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping the air suction pump (7) of the passage, closing the two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and the flow controller (4) of the passage, and stopping the air suction of the sampling passage; the air in the sampling air storage chamber in the sampling passage is an environmental air sample at the air extraction starting moment of the monitoring point;
(2004) testing an ambient air sample as required: randomly selecting a sampling passage to be detected, opening a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve (6) of the sampling passage, opening a two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and a flow controller (4), starting a detection pump (9), and sending sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber (3) of the sampling passage into a detector (10) for detection through a detection air storage chamber (8);
(2005) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished.
8. The multi-site ambient air monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
(3001) sampling path internal volume acquisition: acquiring the length and the inner diameter of a sampling pipe (5) of each sampling passage from a sampling probe (1) to a sampling gas storage chamber (3), calculating the inner volume of the sampling pipe, and adding the volume of the sampling gas storage chamber (3) to obtain the inner volume of each sampling passage;
(3002) acquiring adjustment parameters: acquiring the time required by the detector for sequentially detecting each point from the first monitoring point position according to the tube length of each sampling channel; calculating the flow of each path of gas;
(3003) adjusting the air flow: respectively opening the two-way electromagnetic valves (2) of each sampling passage, opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6), starting the air pump (7) of the passage, and respectively adjusting the air flow of each sampling passage by using a flow controller (4) according to the length of the sampling pipe of the passage to enable the air flow to be equal to the calculated air flow of the passage, namely adjusting the air flow of the sampling passage to enable the air flow speed of each sampling passage to be matched with the length of the sampling pipe and the required arrival time of the sampling gas; stopping each air pump (7);
(3004) and simultaneously, starting monitoring air extraction: opening the two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and opening a first outlet and an inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve (6); simultaneously starting the air pump (7) of each sampling passage, starting air extraction of each sampling passage, and monitoring and accumulating the air extraction amount of each sampling passage by the flow controller (4);
(3005) stopping air extraction: when the air suction amount of a certain sampling passage is equal to the internal volume of the sampling passage, stopping the air suction pump (7) of the passage, closing the two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and the flow controller (4) of the passage, and stopping the air suction of the sampling passage; the air in the sampling air storage chamber in the sampling passage is an environmental air sample at the air extraction starting moment of the monitoring point;
(3006) testing an ambient air sample as required: according to the set sequence, a sampling passage to be detected is selected, a second outlet and an inlet of a three-way electromagnetic valve (6) of the sampling passage are opened, a two-way electromagnetic valve (2) and a flow controller (4) are opened, a detection pump (9) is started, and sampling air in a sampling air storage chamber (3) of the sampling passage is sent to a detector (10) for detection through a detection air storage chamber (8);
(3007) outputting a detection result of the sampling moment: and outputting the monitoring results of all the monitoring point positions at the air extraction starting time after the detection of the sampled air of all the monitoring point positions is finished.
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